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Affiliation(s)
- Glaucia N M Hajj
- International Center of Research, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil.
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2
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Chen L, Shi H, Zhang W, Zhu Y, Chen H, Wu Z, Qi H, Liu J, Zhong M, Shi X, Wang T, Li Q. Carfilzomib suppressed LDHA-mediated metabolic reprogramming by targeting ATF3 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 219:115939. [PMID: 38000560 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Carfilzomib, a second-generation proteasome inhibitor, has been approved as a treatment for relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism by which Carfilzomib inhibits esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression largely remains to be determined. In the present study, we found that Carfilzomib demonstrated potent anti-tumor activity against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, carfilzomib triggers mitochondrial apoptosis and reprograms cellular metabolism in ESCC cells. Moreover, it has been identified that activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) plays a crucial cellular target role in ESCC cells treated with Carfilzomib. Overexpression of ATF3 effectively antagonized the effects of carfilzomib on ESCC cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolic reprogramming. Furthermore, the ATF3 protein is specifically bound to lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) to effectively suppress LDHA-mediated metabolic reprogramming in response to carfilzomib treatment. Research conducted in xenograft models demonstrates that ATF3 mediates the anti-tumor activity of Carfilzomib. The examination of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma indicated that ATF3 and LDHA have the potential to function as innovative targets for therapeutic intervention in the treatment of ESCC. Our findings demonstrate the novel function of Carfilzomib in modulating ESCC metabolism and progression, highlighting the potential of Carfilzomib as a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanying Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - WenXin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjun Zhu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zimei Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijie Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiafeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingkang Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojin Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianxiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qunyi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Yu Y, Mendoza A, Merlino G. Using the single-cell imaging system and orthotropic footpad injection to establish mouse models for experimental and spontaneous melanoma metastasis. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102349. [PMID: 37314923 PMCID: PMC10277606 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis, a complex process, is responsible for most deaths in patients with cancer. Clinically relevant research models are indispensable to advancing our understanding of metastatic mechanisms and developing new treatments. We here describe detailed protocols to establish mouse models for melanoma metastasis using the single-cell imaging system and orthotropic footpad injection. The single-cell imaging system permits the tracking and quantification of early metastatic cell survival, while the orthotropic footpad transplantation mimics aspects of the complex metastatic process. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Yu et al.1,2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Yu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Arnulfo Mendoza
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Glenn Merlino
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Kim J, Potez M, She C, Huang P, Wu Q, Bao S, Rich JN, Liu JKC. Glioblastoma Stem Cell Targeting Peptide Isolated Through Phage Display Binds Cadherin 2. Stem Cells 2023; 41:762-774. [PMID: 37280108 PMCID: PMC10427963 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) have unique properties of self-renewal and tumor initiation that make them potential therapeutic targets. Development of effective therapeutic strategies against GSCs requires both specificity of targeting and intracranial penetration through the blood-brain barrier. We have previously demonstrated the use of in vitro and in vivo phage display biopanning strategies to isolate glioblastoma targeting peptides. Here we selected a 7-amino acid peptide, AWEFYFP, which was independently isolated in both the in vitro and in vivo screens and demonstrated that it was able to target GSCs over differentiated glioma cells and non-neoplastic brain cells. When conjugated to Cyanine 5.5 and intravenously injected into mice with intracranially xenografted glioblastoma, the peptide localized to the site of the tumor, demonstrating intracranial tumor targeting specificity. Immunoprecipitation of the peptide with GSC proteins revealed Cadherin 2 as the glioblastoma cell surface receptor targeted by the peptides. Peptide targeting of Cadherin 2 on GSCs was confirmed through ELISA and in vitro binding analysis. Interrogation of glioblastoma databases demonstrated that Cadherin 2 expression correlated with tumor grade and survival. These results confirm that phage display can be used to isolate unique tumor-targeting peptides specific for glioblastoma. Furthermore, analysis of these cell specific peptides can lead to the discovery of cell specific receptor targets that may serve as the focus of future theragnostic tumor-homing modalities for the development of precision strategies for the treatment and diagnosis of glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- JongMyung Kim
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institution, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Marine Potez
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institution, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Chunhua She
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institution, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Qiulian Wu
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shideng Bao
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jeremy N Rich
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - James K C Liu
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institution, Tampa, FL, USA
- University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
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Qian B, Che L, Du ZB, Guo NJ, Wu XM, Yang L, Zheng ZX, Gao YL, Wang MZ, Chen XX, Xu L, Zhou ZJ, Lin YC, Lin ZN. Protein phosphatase 2A-B55β mediated mitochondrial p-GPX4 dephosphorylation promoted sorafenib-induced ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma via regulating p53 retrograde signaling. Theranostics 2023; 13:4288-4302. [PMID: 37554285 PMCID: PMC10405852 DOI: 10.7150/thno.82132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: As a key endogenous negative regulator of ferroptosis, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) can regulate its antioxidant function through multiple post-translational modification pathways. However, the effects of the phosphorylation/dephosphorylation status of GPX4 on the regulation of inducible ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Methods: To investigate the effects and molecular mechanism of GPX4 phosphorylation/dephosphorylation modification on ferroptosis in HCC cells. Sorafenib (Sora) was used to establish the ferroptosis model in HCC cells in vitro. Using the site-directed mutagenesis method, we generated the mimic GPX4 phosphorylation or dephosphorylation HCC cell lines at specific serine sites of GPX4. The effects of GPX4 phosphorylation/dephosphorylation modification on ferroptosis in HCC cells were examined. The interrelationships among GPX4, p53, and protein phosphatase 2A-B55β subunit (PP2A-B55β) were also explored. To explore the synergistic anti-tumor effects of PP2A activation on Sora-administered HCC, we established PP2A-B55β overexpression xenograft tumors in a nude mice model in vivo. Results: In the Sora-induced ferroptosis model of HCC in vitro, decreased levels of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial GPX4, mitochondrial dysfunction, and enhanced p53 retrograde signaling occurred under Sora treatment. Further, we found that mitochondrial p53 retrograded remarkably into the nucleus and aggravated Sora-induced ferroptosis. The phosphorylation status of GPX4 at the serine 2 site (GPX4Ser2) revealed that mitochondrial p-GPX4Ser2 dephosphorylation was positively associated with ferroptosis, and the mechanism might be related to mitochondrial p53 retrograding into the nucleus. In HCC cells overexpressing PP2A-B55β, it was found that PP2A-B55β directly interacted with mitochondrial GPX4 and promoted Sora-induced ferroptosis in HCC. Further, PP2A-B55β reduced the interaction between mitochondrial GPX4 and p53, leading to mitochondrial p53 retrograding into the nucleus. Moreover, it was confirmed that PP2A-B55β enhanced the ferroptosis-mediated tumor growth inhibition and mitochondrial p53 retrograde signaling in the Sora-treated HCC xenograft tumors. Conclusion: Our data uncovered that the PP2A-B55β/p-GPX4Ser2/p53 axis was a novel regulatory pathway of Sora-induced ferroptosis. Mitochondrial p-GPX4Ser2 dephosphorylation triggered ferroptosis via inducing mitochondrial p53 retrograding into the nucleus, and PP2A-B55β was an upstream signal modulator responsible for mitochondrial p-GPX4Ser2 dephosphorylation. Our findings might serve as a potential theranostic strategy to enhance the efficacy of Sora in HCC treatment through the targeted intervention of p-GPX4 dephosphorylation via PP2A-B55β activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lin Che
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ze-Bang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ni-Jun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin-Mou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhao-Xuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yun-Lu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ming-Zhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ling Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zi-Jian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhong-Ning Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Zhu X, Xu Y, Wang J, Xue Z, Qiu T, Chen J. Loss of NLRP3 reduces oxidative stress and polarizes intratumor macrophages to attenuate immune attack on endometrial cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1165602. [PMID: 37077909 PMCID: PMC10106583 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1165602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe interaction between endometrial cancer (EMC) cells and intratumoral macrophages plays a significant role in the development of the disease. PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome formation triggers caspase-1/IL-1β signaling pathways and produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) in macrophages. However, the role of NLRP3-regulated ROS production in macrophage polarization and the subsequent growth and metastasis of EMC remains unknown.MethodsWe conducted bioinformatic analysis to compare NLRP3 levels in intratumoral macrophages from EMC and normal endometrium. In vitro experiments involved knocking out NLRP3 in macrophages to shift the polarization from an anti-inflammatory M1-like phenotype to a proinflammatory M2-like phenotype and reduce ROS production. The impact of NLRP3 depletion on the growth, invasion, and metastasis of co-cultured EMC cells was assessed. We also evaluated the effect of NLRP3 depletion in macrophages on the growth and metastasis of implanted EMC cells in mice.ResultsOur bioinformatic analysis showed significantly lower NLRP3 levels in intratumoral macrophages from EMC than those from normal endometrium. Knocking out NLRP3 in macrophages shifted their polarization to a proinflammatory M2-like phenotype and significantly reduced ROS production. NLRP3 depletion in M2-polarized macrophages increased the growth, invasion, and metastasis of co-cultured EMC cells. NLRP3 depletion in M1-polarized macrophages reduced phagocytic potential, which resulted in weakened immune defense against EMC. Additionally, NLRP3 depletion in macrophages significantly increased the growth and metastasis of implanted EMC cells in mice, likely due to compromised phagocytosis by macrophages and a reduction in cytotoxic CD8+ T cells.DiscussionOur results suggest that NLRP3 plays a significant role in regulating macrophage polarization, oxidative stress, and immune response against EMC. NLRP3 depletion alters the polarization of intratumoral macrophages, leading to weakened immune defense against EMC cells. The reduction in ROS production by the loss of NLRP3 may have implications for the development of novel treatment strategies for EMC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tian Qiu
- *Correspondence: Tian Qiu, ; Jing Chen, ;
| | - Jing Chen
- *Correspondence: Tian Qiu, ; Jing Chen, ;
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Sharma S, Woods M, Mehta NU, Sauer T, Parikh KS, Schmuck-Henneresse M, Zhang H, Mehta B, Brenner MK, Heslop HE, Rooney CM. Naive T cells inhibit the outgrowth of intractable antigen-activated memory T cells: implications for T-cell immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e006267. [PMID: 37072346 PMCID: PMC10124261 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The wider application of T cells targeting viral tumor-antigens via their native receptors is hampered by the failure to expand potent tumor-specific T cells from patients. Here, we examine reasons for and solutions to this failure, taking as our model the preparation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific T cells (EBVSTs) for the treatment of EBV-positive lymphoma. EBVSTs could not be manufactured from almost one-third of patients, either because they failed to expand, or they expanded, but lacked EBV specificity. We identified an underlying cause of this problem and established a clinically feasible approach to overcome it. METHODS CD45RO+CD45RA- memory compartment residing antigen-specific T cells were enriched by depleting CD45RA positive (+) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) that include naïve T cells, among other subsets, prior to EBV antigen stimulation. We then compared the phenotype, specificity, function and T-cell receptor (TCR) Vβ repertoire of EBVSTs expanded from unfractionated whole (W)-PBMCs and CD45RA-depleted (RAD)-PBMCs on day 16. To identify the CD45RA component that inhibited EBVST outgrowth, isolated CD45RA+ subsets were added back to RAD-PBMCs followed by expansion and characterization. The in vivo potency of W-EBVSTs and RAD-EBVSTs was compared in a murine xenograft model of autologous EBV+ lymphoma. RESULTS Depletion of CD45RA+ PBMCs before antigen stimulation increased EBVST expansion, antigen-specificity and potency in vitro and in vivo. TCR sequencing revealed a selective outgrowth in RAD-EBVSTs of clonotypes that expanded poorly in W-EBVSTs. Inhibition of antigen-stimulated T cells by CD45RA+ PBMCs could be reproduced only by the naïve T-cell fraction, while CD45RA+ regulatory T cells, natural killer cells, stem cell memory and effector memory subsets lacked inhibitory activity. Crucially, CD45RA depletion of PBMCs from patients with lymphoma enabled the outgrowth of EBVSTs that failed to expand from W-PBMCs. This enhanced specificity extended to T cells specific for other viruses. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that naïve T cells inhibit the outgrowth of antigen-stimulated memory T cells, highlighting the profound effects of intra-T-cell subset interactions. Having overcome our inability to generate EBVSTs from many patients with lymphoma, we have introduced CD45RA depletion into three clinical trials: NCT01555892 and NCT04288726 using autologous and allogeneic EBVSTs to treat lymphoma and NCT04013802 using multivirus-specific T cells to treat viral infections after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Sharma
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mae Woods
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Naren U Mehta
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tim Sauer
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kathan S Parikh
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Schmuck-Henneresse
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Birju Mehta
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Malcolm K Brenner
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Helen E Heslop
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cliona M Rooney
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology-Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Wei H, Mao Y, Zhang H, Wu F, Zhang Y. PA-MSHA Regulates PD-L1 Expression in Hepatoma Cells. Immunol Invest 2023; 52:343-363. [PMID: 36762677 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2177168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. PD-L1 function and structure are regulated through glycosylation and various signaling pathways. However, the relationship between Pseudomonas aeruginosa mannose sensitive hemagglutinin (PA-MSHA), glycosylation and PD-L1 warrants further study. In this study, we investigated the effects of PA-MSHA on the regulation of mannosyl and N-glycosylation to identify the mechanisms underlying its function. METHODS PD-L1, β-catenin, c-Myc, mannosyl, MGAT1 and mannosidase II in HCC were identified by postoperative specimens from the HCC cohort with immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. PA-MSHA was used to suppress tumor progression. Alterations to the expression of PD-L1, β-catenin, c-Myc, MGAT1, and mannosidase II at the gene and protein levels were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Mannosyl and mannosidase II expression levels increased, whereas those of MGAT1 decreased in the HCC cells. The glycosylation-related pathway proteins, namely, β-catenin, c-Myc and PD-L1, had increased expression levels. Moreover, proliferation in the HCC cells was inhibited after PA-MSHA treatment, PD-L1 function was significantly inhibited. Transmission electron microscopy showed that PA-MSHA penetrated into the HCC cytoplasm through the cytomembrane, resulting in apoptosis. Here, PA-MSHA significantly reduced sPD-L1 expression levels in the tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS PA-MSHA plays the role of a lectin, affecting receptors on the cytomembrane. This strain inhibits mannosyl by suppressing β-catenin signaling. We hypothesized that PA-MSHA suppresses PD-L1 by: 1. Inhibiting the glycosylation process; and 2. Suppressing β-catenin and c-Myc, thereby reducing the transcription of this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangzhi Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yudong Mao
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Huihan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Fahong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Youcheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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O'Brien M, Ernst M, Poh AR. An intrasplenic injection model of pancreatic cancer metastasis to the liver in mice. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102021. [PMID: 36638017 PMCID: PMC9846119 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.102021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we provide a protocol for an intrasplenic injection model to establish pancreatic tumors in the mouse liver. We describe the steps to inject tumor cells into mouse spleen and to perform a splenectomy, followed by animal recovery and end point analysis of tumors in the liver. This model allows rapid and reproducible tumor growth in a clinically relevant metastatic site, providing a platform to evaluate the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs. This technique can be expanded to other cancer cell lines. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Poh et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan O'Brien
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Ashleigh R Poh
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia.
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Tanaka K, Kondo T, Narita M, Muta T, Yoshida S, Sato D, Suda Y, Hamada Y, Tezuka H, Kuzumaki N, Narita M. Repeated activation of Trpv1-positive sensory neurons facilitates tumor growth associated with changes in tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 648:36-43. [PMID: 36724558 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
It is considered that sensory neurons extend into the tumor microenvironment (TME), which could be associated with tumor growth. However, little is known about how sensory signaling could promote tumor progression. In this study, chemogenetic activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (Trpv1)-positive sensory neurons (C-fibers) by the microinjection of AAV-hSyn-FLEX-hM3Dq-mCherry into the sciatic nerve dramatically increased tumor volume in tumor-bearing Trpv1-Cre mice. This activation in Trpv1::hM3Dq mice that had undergone tumor transplantation significantly reduced the population of tumor-infiltrating CD4+ T cells and increased the mRNA level of the M2-macrophage marker, CX3C motif chemokine receptor 1 (Cx3cr1) in immunosuppressive cells, such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and tumor-infiltrating monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs). Under these conditions, we found a significant correlation between the decreased expression of the M1-macrophage marker Tnf and tumor volume. These findings suggest that repeated activation of Trpv1-positive sensory neurons may facilitate tumor growth along with changes in tumor-infiltrating immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan; Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Takashige Kondo
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Michiko Narita
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Takeru Muta
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Sara Yoshida
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan; Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sato
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Yukari Suda
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan; Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hamada
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan; Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tezuka
- Department of Cellular Function Analysis, Research Promotion Headquarters, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Naoko Kuzumaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan; Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Minoru Narita
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan; Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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11
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Li B, Feng G, Feng L, Feng X, Zhang Q, Zhang C, Yang H, Du Y. Establishment of a rabbit liver metastasis model by percutaneous puncture of the spleen and implantation of the VX2 tumor strain under CT guidance. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2802. [PMID: 36797324 PMCID: PMC9935920 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26706-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the feasibility, success rate, and safety of establishing a rabbit VX2 liver metastasis model by percutaneous splenic implantation under CT guidance and open splenic implantation of the VX2 tumor strain. Fifty-two New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into group A (the percutaneous puncture group) (n = 26) and group B (the laparotomy group) (n = 26). In group A, 26 New Zealand white rabbits were implanted with tumor strains by percutaneous splenic puncture under CT guidance. In group B, 26 New Zealand white rabbits were implanted with tumor strains in the spleen by laparotomy. After 2-3 weeks of implantation, both group A and group B underwent MRI to confirm tumor growth in the spleen and metastasis to the liver. Two experimental rabbits randomly selected from groups A and B were killed for pathological examination. The success rate, complication rate, and operation time in groups A and B were compared and analyzed. A total of 23 rabbits in group A were successfully induced, and the success rate was 88.5% (23/26). The average time of operation was 14.42 ± 3.26 min. A total of 22 rabbits in group B were successfully induced, and the success rate was 84.6% (22/26). The average time of operation in group B was 23.69 ± 5.27 min. There was no significant difference in the success rate of induction between the two groups (P > 0.05). The MRI manifestations of liver metastases were multiple nodular and punctate abnormal signal shadows in the liver. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining showed a large number of tumor cells in the tumor area. CT-guided percutaneous splenic implantation of the VX2 tumor strain to establish a rabbit liver metastasis model is a minimally invasive and feasible inducing method. The success rate of this technique is not lower than that of open splenic implantation, with low incidence of complications, and short operation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 63 Wenhua Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiling Feng
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 63 Wenhua Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Feng
- Department of Pain, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, 1 South Maoyuan Road, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Feng
- Department of Radiology, The Second People's Hospital of YiBin, 96 North Street, Yibin, 644000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 63 Wenhua Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 63 Wenhua Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanfeng Yang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 63 Wenhua Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Du
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 63 Wenhua Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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McDonald JA, Scott L, Van Zuylekom J, Holloway S, Blyth BJ, Sutherland KD. On Target: An Intrapulmonary Transplantation Method for Modelling Lung Tumor Development in its Native Microenvironment. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2691:31-41. [PMID: 37355535 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3331-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The development of in vivo lung cancer models that faithfully mimic the human disease is a crucial research tool for understanding the molecular mechanisms driving tumorigenesis. Subcutaneous transplantation assays are commonly employed, likely due to their amenability to easily monitor tumor growth and the simplistic nature of the technique to deliver tumor cells. Importantly however, subcutaneous tumors grow in a microenvironment that differs from that resident within the lung. To circumvent this limitation, here we describe the development of an intrapulmonary (iPUL) orthotopic transplantation method that enables the delivery of lung cancer cells, with precision, to the left lung lobe of recipient mice. Critically, this allows for the growth of lung cancer cells within their native microenvironment. The coupling of iPUL transplantation with position emission tomography (PET) imaging permits the serial detection of tumors in vivo and serves as a powerful tool to trace lung tumor growth and dissemination over time in mouse disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson A McDonald
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Leanne Scott
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jessica Van Zuylekom
- Models of Cancer Translational Research Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Steven Holloway
- Bioservices Department, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Blyth
- Models of Cancer Translational Research Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Kate D Sutherland
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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13
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Matsumoto T, Mukohara A. Effects of Whole-Body Vibration on Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis and Vascularization in Mice. Calcif Tissue Int 2022; 111:535-545. [PMID: 35896728 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-022-01009-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated whether whole-body vibration (WBV) prevented bone loss induced by breast cancer (BC) metastasis and the involvement of bone marrow vasculature. One day after orthotopic transplantation of mammary 4T1 tumor cells, 8-week-old BALB/c mice were subjected to 0.3 g/90 Hz vertical vibration for 20 min/day for 5 days/week (BC-WBV) or sham-handled (BC-Sham) over 3 weeks. Age-matched intact mice (Intact) were also sham-handled. Both tibiae were harvested from BC-WBV (n = 7), BC-Sham (n = 9), and Intact (n = 5) mice for bone structure imaging by synchrotron radiation-based computed tomography (SRCT) and hematoxylin and eosin staining, whereas right tibiae were harvested from other BC-WBV and BC-Sham (n = 6 each) mice for vascular imaging by SRCT. Tumor cells were similarly widespread in the marrow in BC-WBV and BC-Sham mice. In BC-Sham mice, cortical bone volume, trabecular volume fraction, trabecular thickness, trabecular number density, and bone mineral density were smaller, and marrow volume and trabecular separation were larger than in Intact mice. However, although trabecular thickness was smaller in BC-WBV than Intact mice, the others did not differ between the two groups. Serum osteocalcin tended to be higher in BC-WBV than BC-Sham mice. Compared with BC-Sham mice, BC-WBV mice had a smaller vessel diameter, a trend of a larger vessel number density, and smaller vessel diameter heterogeneity. In conclusion, WBV mitigates bone loss in BC bone metastasis, which may be partly due to increased bone anabolism. The alteration of marrow vasculature appears to be favorable for anti-tumor drug delivery. Further studies are needed to clarify the multiple actions of WBV on bone, tumor, and marrow vasculature and how they contribute to bone protection in BC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Matsumoto
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Tokushima University Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, 770-8506, Tokushima, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Mukohara
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Tokushima University Faculty of Science and Technology, 770-8506, Tokushima, Japan
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14
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Pullen LC. Non-transplantable organs and tissues: A golden opportunity. Am J Transplant 2022; 22:2127-2128. [PMID: 36039543 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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15
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Liu F, Zhang P, Liu Z, Song F, Ma C, Sun Y, Feng Y, He Y, Zhang G. In vivo accurate detection of the liver tumor with pharmacokinetic parametric images from dynamic fluorescence molecular tomography. J Biomed Opt 2022; 27:070501. [PMID: 35810324 PMCID: PMC9270690 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.7.070501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Pharmacokinetic parametric images in dynamic fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) can describe three-dimensional (3D) physiological and pathological information inside biological tissues, potentially providing quantitative assessment tools for biological research and drug development. AIM In vivo imaging of the liver tumor with pharmacokinetic parametric images from dynamic FMT based on the differences in metabolic properties of indocyanine green (ICG) between normal liver cells and tumor liver cells inside biological tissues. APPROACH First, an orthotopic liver tumor mouse model was constructed. Then, with the help of the FMT/computer tomography (CT) dual-modality imaging system and the direct reconstruction algorithm, 3D imaging of liver metabolic parameters in nude mice was achieved to distinguish liver tumors from normal tissues. Finally, pharmacokinetic parametric imaging results were validated against in vitro anatomical results. RESULTS This letter demonstrates the ability of dynamic FMT to monitor the pharmacokinetic delivery of the fluorescent dye ICG in vivo, thus, enabling the distinction between normal and tumor tissues based on the pharmacokinetic parametric images derived from dynamic FMT. CONCLUSIONS Compared with CT structural imaging technology, dynamic FMT combined with compartmental modeling as an analytical method can obtain quantitative images of pharmacokinetic parameters, thus providing a more powerful research tool for organ function assessment, disease diagnosis and new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Advanced Information and Industrial Technology Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Beihang University, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing, China
| | - Zeyu Liu
- Beihang University, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Song
- Beihang University, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing, China
| | - Chenbin Ma
- Beihang University, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyang Sun
- Beihang University, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing, China
| | - Youdan Feng
- Beihang University, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing, China
| | - Yufang He
- Beihang University, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing, China
| | - Guanglei Zhang
- Beihang University, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing, China
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Jin XF, Wang LZ, Lei K, Dong ZY, Zhong R, Zhao H, Sun LR. [Establishment of An Animal Model of Acute B Lymphoblastic Leukemia with Minimal Residual Disease]. Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2022; 30:381-385. [PMID: 35395967 DOI: 10.19746/j.cnki.issn.1009-2137.2022.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish an animal model of acute B lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) with minimal residual disease. METHODS The transplanted tumor was formed by subcutaneous injection of 2×107 Nalm-6 cells, and the body weight, activity status and tumor formation status of nude mice were observed. Peripheral blood, bone marrow, liver and spleen and other tissues of nude mice were taken for pathological examination to understand whether the success of subcutaneous modeling was accompanied by systemic metastasis. RESULTS There were 2×107 Nalm-6 cells injected subcutaneously in nude mice, (11.0±2.5) days later, the tumors of (3-4) × (3-4) mm were observed, the body weight of the nude mice was reduced and activity showed no limited. Infiltration of tumor cells in liver, spleen and bone marrow were observed in pathological sections. CONCLUSION The animal model of subcutaneous tumor of B-ALL was successfully established in nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fu Jin
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Univerisity, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ling-Zhen Wang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Univerisity, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ke Lei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Univerisity, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zeng-Yi Dong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Univerisity, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ren Zhong
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Univerisity, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Univerisity, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li-Rong Sun
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Univerisity, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China,E-mail:
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Serizawa K, Tanaka H, Ueda T, Fukui A, Kakutani H, Taniguchi T, Inoue H, Kumode T, Taniguchi Y, Rai S, Hirase C, Morita Y, Espinoza JL, Tatsumi Y, Ashida T, Matsumura I. CD34 + myeloma cells with self-renewal activities are therapy-resistant and persist as MRD in cell cycle quiescence. Int J Hematol 2022; 115:336-349. [PMID: 35133572 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-021-03261-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Side population (SP) is known to include therapy-resistant cells in various cancers. Here, we analyzed SP using multiple myeloma (MM) samples. The SP accounted for 2.96% in MM cells from newly diagnosed MM (NDMM). CD34 was expressed in 47.8% of SP cells, but only in 2.11% of bulk MM cells. CD34+ MM cells expressed more immature cell surface markers and a gene signature than CD34- MM cells. CD34+ but not CD34- MM cells possessed clonogenic activities and showed long-term self-renewal activities in xenotransplantation assays. Similarly, whereas 2.20% of MM cells were CD34+ in NDMM (n = 38), this proportion increased to 42.6% in minimal residual disease (MRD) samples (n = 16) (p < 0.001) and to 17.7% in refractory/relapsed MM (RRMM) (n = 30) (p < 0.01). Cell cycle analysis showed that 24.7% of CD34+ MM cells from NDMM were in G0 phase while this proportion was 54.9% in MRD (p < 0.05) and 14.5% in RRMM, reflecting the expansion of MM. Together, CD34+ MM cells with long-term self-renewal activities persist as MRD in cell cycle quiescence or remain as therapy-resistant cells in RRMM, substantiating the necessity of targeting this population to improve clinical outcomes of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Serizawa
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tanaka
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Ueda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ayano Fukui
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kakutani
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahide Taniguchi
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Inoue
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kumode
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Taniguchi
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinya Rai
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chikara Hirase
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Morita
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - J Luis Espinoza
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoichi Tatsumi
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Ashida
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Itaru Matsumura
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan
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Garranzo-Asensio M, Solís-Fernández G, Montero-Calle A, García-Martínez JM, Fiuza MC, Pallares P, Palacios-Garcia N, García-Jiménez C, Guzman-Aranguez A, Barderas R. Seroreactivity Against Tyrosine Phosphatase PTPRN Links Type 2 Diabetes and Colorectal Cancer and Identifies a Potential Diagnostic and Therapeutic Target. Diabetes 2022; 71:497-510. [PMID: 35040477 DOI: 10.2337/db20-1206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) and diabetes are two of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide with dysregulated receptor tyrosine kinase signaling and strong co-occurrence correlation. Plasma autoantibodies represent a promising early diagnostic marker for both diseases before symptoms appear. In this study, we explore the value of autoantibodies against receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase-like N (PTPRN; full-length or selected domains) as diagnostic markers using a cohort of individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), CRC, or both diseases or healthy individuals. We show that PTPRN autoantibody levels in plasma discriminated between patients with T2D with and without CRC. Consistently, high PTPRN expression correlated with decreased survival of patients with CRC. Mechanistically, PTPRN depletion significantly reduced invasiveness of CRC cells in vitro and liver homing and metastasis in vivo by means of a dysregulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and a decrease of the insulin receptor signaling pathway. Therefore, PTPRN autoantibodies may represent a particularly helpful marker for the stratification of patients with T2D at high risk of developing CRC. Consistent with the critical role played by tyrosine kinases in diabetes and tumor biology, we provide evidence that tyrosine phosphatases such as PTPRN may hold potential as therapeutic targets in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Garranzo-Asensio
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Solís-Fernández
- Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ana Montero-Calle
- Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel García-Martínez
- Area of Physiology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Carmen Fiuza
- Surgery Department, University Hospital Fundación Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Pallares
- Central Units, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Palacios-Garcia
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Custodia García-Jiménez
- Area of Physiology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Guzman-Aranguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Barderas
- Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Chen R, Liang F, Yan J, Wang Y. CircCDK17 knockdown inhibits tumor progression and cell glycolysis by downregulaing YWHAZ expression through sponging miR-1294 in cervical cancer. J Ovarian Res 2022; 15:24. [PMID: 35168653 PMCID: PMC8848895 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-00952-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth aggressive tumor affecting women worldwide. Circular RNA (circRNA) is enrolled in CC process. This study aims to unveil the profiles of circ_101119 (circCDK17) in cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis and glycolysis in CC. METHODS The expression levels of circCDK17, microRNA-1294 (miR-1294) and tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein zeta (YWHAZ) mRNA were detected by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The protein expression levels of YWHAZ, recombinant glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and hexokinase 2 (HK2) were determined by western blot. Cell proliferation, migratory and invasive abilities and apoptosis were illustrated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, transwell assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. Cell lactate production, glucose uptake and adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) level were severally elucidated by lactate assay kit, glucose assay kit and ATP detection kit. RESULTS CircCDK17 expression and the mRNA and protein expression levels of YWHAZ were dramatically upregulated, while miR-1294 expression was obviously downregulated in CC tissues or cells compared with control groups. CircCDK17 silencing suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion and glycolysis, and induced cell apoptosis in CC; however, miR-1294 inhibitor restrained these effects. Additionally, circCDK17 was a sponge of miR-1294 and miR-1294 bound to YWHAZ. Furthermore, circCDK17 knockdown inhibited tumor formation in vivo. CONCLUSION CircCDK17 knockdown repressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion and glycolysis, and promoted cell apoptosis via miR-1294/YWHAZ axis in CC. This finding provides a theoretical basis in studying circRNA-mediated therapy in CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Peoples Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine Henan University, No. 7 Weiwu Road Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Fei Liang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Peoples Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine Henan University, No. 7 Weiwu Road Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Peoples Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine Henan University, No. 7 Weiwu Road Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Peoples Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine Henan University, No. 7 Weiwu Road Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
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20
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Angeles-Floriano T, Rivera-Torruco G, García-Maldonado P, Juárez E, Gonzalez Y, Parra-Ortega I, Vilchis-Ordoñez A, Lopez-Martinez B, Arriaga-Pizano L, Orozco-Ruíz D, Torres-Nava JR, Licona-Limón P, López-Sosa F, Bremer A, Alvarez-Arellano L, Valle-Rios R. Cell surface expression of GRP78 and CXCR4 is associated with childhood high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia at diagnostics. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2322. [PMID: 35149705 PMCID: PMC8837614 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05857-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphocytic leukemia is the most common type of cancer in pediatric individuals. Glucose regulated protein (GRP78) is an endoplasmic reticulum chaperone that facilitates the folding and assembly of proteins and regulates the unfolded protein response pathway. GRP78 has a role in survival of cancer and metastasis and cell-surface associated GRP78 (sGRP78) is expressed on cancer cells but not in normal cells. Here, we explored the presence of sGRP78 in pediatric B-ALL at diagnosis and investigated the correlation with bona fide markers of leukemia. By using a combination of flow cytometry and high multidimensional analysis, we found a distinctive cluster containing high levels of sGRP78, CD10, CD19, and CXCR4 in bone marrow samples obtained from High-risk leukemia patients, which was absent in the compartment of Standard-risk leukemia. We confirmed that sGRP78+CXCR4+ blood-derived cells were more frequent in High-risk leukemia patients. Finally, we analyzed the dissemination capacity of sGRP78 leukemia cells in a model of xenotransplantation. sGRP78+ cells emigrated to the bone marrow and lymph nodes, maintaining the expression of CXCR4. Testing the presence of sGRP78 and CXCR4 together with conventional markers may help to achieve a better categorization of High and Standard-risk pediatric leukemia at diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Angeles-Floriano
- Unidad Universitaria de Investigación, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM-Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Universidad 3000, CP 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas Odontológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Rivera-Torruco
- Unidad de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Fisiología y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paulina García-Maldonado
- Unidad Universitaria de Investigación, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM-Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Universidad 3000, CP 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Esmeralda Juárez
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yolanda Gonzalez
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Israel Parra-Ortega
- Subdirección de Diagnóstico clínico y Departamento de Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Armando Vilchis-Ordoñez
- Subdirección de Diagnóstico clínico y Departamento de Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Briceida Lopez-Martinez
- Subdirección de Diagnóstico clínico y Departamento de Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Arriaga-Pizano
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, CMN Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Paula Licona-Limón
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco López-Sosa
- Departamento de Ortopedia, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alhelí Bremer
- Departamento de Ortopedia, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Ricardo Valle-Rios
- Unidad Universitaria de Investigación, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM-Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Universidad 3000, CP 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Unidad de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Kim MH, Kim SG, Kim DW. A novel dual-labeled small peptide as a multimodal imaging agent for targeting wild-type EGFR in tumors. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263474. [PMID: 35120180 PMCID: PMC8815872 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is over-expressed in various human cancer. The over-expression of EGFR in tumors is an excellent target for the development of cancer imaging agents. In the present study, we developed Tc-99m SYPIPDT-GHEG-ECG-K-tetramethylrhodamine (SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA) as a molecular imaging agent targeting wild-type EFGR (wtEGFR)-positive tumor cells, and verified its feasibility as molecular imaging agent. SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA was synthesized using Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis. The radiolabeling of SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA with Tc-99m was accomplished using ligand exchange via tartrate. Cellular uptake and binding affinity studies were performed. In vivo gamma camera imaging, ex vivo imaging and biodistribution studies were performed using NCI-H460 and SW620 tumor-bearing murine models. After radiolabeling procedures with Tc-99m, Tc-99m SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA complexes were prepared at high yield (> 95%). The binding affinity value (Kd) of Tc-99m SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA for NCI-H460 cells was estimated to be 76.5 ± 15.8 nM. In gamma camera imaging, the tumor to normal muscle uptake ratios of Tc-99m SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA increased with time (2.7 ± 0.6, 4.0 ± 0.9, and 6.2 ± 1.0 at 1, 2, and 3 h, respectively). The percentage injected dose per gram of wet tissue for the NCI-H460 tumor was 1.91 ± 0.11 and 1.70 ± 0.22 at 1 and 3 h, respectively. We developed Tc-99m SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA, which is dual-labeled with both radioisotope and fluorescence. In vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated specific uptake of Tc-99m SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA into wtEGFR-positive NCI-H460 cells and tumors. Thus, the results of the present study suggest that Tc-99m SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA is a potential dual-modality imaging agent targeting wtEGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Hyoun Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Seul-Gi Kim
- Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Agent (RUMIA), Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Dae-Weung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
- Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Agent (RUMIA), Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
- * E-mail:
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22
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Hong Y, Limback D, Elsarraj HS, Harper H, Haines H, Hansford H, Ricci M, Kaufman C, Wedlock E, Xu M, Zhang J, May L, Cusick T, Inciardi M, Redick M, Gatewood J, Winblad O, Aripoli A, Huppe A, Balanoff C, Wagner JL, Amin AL, Larson KE, Ricci L, Tawfik O, Razek H, Meierotto RO, Madan R, Godwin AK, Thompson J, Hilsenbeck SG, Futreal A, Thompson A, Hwang ES, Fan F, Behbod F. Mouse-INtraDuctal (MIND): an in vivo model for studying the underlying mechanisms of DCIS malignancy. J Pathol 2022; 256:186-201. [PMID: 34714554 PMCID: PMC8738143 DOI: 10.1002/path.5820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Due to widespread adoption of screening mammography, there has been a significant increase in new diagnoses of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). However, DCIS prognosis remains unclear. To address this gap, we developed an in vivo model, Mouse-INtraDuctal (MIND), in which patient-derived DCIS epithelial cells are injected intraductally and allowed to progress naturally in mice. Similar to human DCIS, the cancer cells formed in situ lesions inside the mouse mammary ducts and mimicked all histologic subtypes including micropapillary, papillary, cribriform, solid, and comedo. Among 37 patient samples injected into 202 xenografts, at median duration of 9 months, 20 samples (54%) injected into 95 xenografts showed in vivo invasive progression, while 17 (46%) samples injected into 107 xenografts remained non-invasive. Among the 20 samples that showed invasive progression, nine samples injected into 54 xenografts exhibited a mixed pattern in which some xenografts showed invasive progression while others remained non-invasive. Among the clinically relevant biomarkers, only elevated progesterone receptor expression in patient DCIS and the extent of in vivo growth in xenografts predicted an invasive outcome. The Tempus XT assay was used on 16 patient DCIS formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections including eight DCISs that showed invasive progression, five DCISs that remained non-invasive, and three DCISs that showed a mixed pattern in the xenografts. Analysis of the frequency of cancer-related pathogenic mutations among the groups showed no significant differences (KW: p > 0.05). There were also no differences in the frequency of high, moderate, or low severity mutations (KW; p > 0.05). These results suggest that genetic changes in the DCIS are not the primary driver for the development of invasive disease. © 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/genetics
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Disease Progression
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/pathology
- Epithelial Cells/transplantation
- Female
- Heterografts
- Humans
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Darlene Limback
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Hanan S Elsarraj
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Haleigh Harper
- University of Kansas School of MedicineThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Haley Haines
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Hayley Hansford
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Michael Ricci
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Carolyn Kaufman
- University of Kansas School of MedicineThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Emily Wedlock
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Mingchu Xu
- Department of Genomic MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Genomic MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Lisa May
- Department of RadiologyThe University of Kansas School of Medicine‐WichitaWichitaKSUSA
| | - Therese Cusick
- Department of SurgeryThe University of Kansas School of Medicine‐WichitaWichitaKSUSA
| | - Marc Inciardi
- Department of RadiologyThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Mark Redick
- Department of RadiologyThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Jason Gatewood
- Department of RadiologyThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Onalisa Winblad
- Department of RadiologyThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Allison Aripoli
- Department of RadiologyThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Ashley Huppe
- Department of RadiologyThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Christa Balanoff
- Department of General Surgery, Breast Surgical Oncology DivisionThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Jamie L Wagner
- Department of General Surgery, Breast Surgical Oncology DivisionThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Amanda L Amin
- Department of General Surgery, Breast Surgical Oncology DivisionThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Kelsey E Larson
- Department of General Surgery, Breast Surgical Oncology DivisionThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Lawrence Ricci
- Department of RadiologyTruman Medical CenterKansas CityMOUSA
| | - Ossama Tawfik
- Department of Pathology, St Luke's Health System of Kansas CityMAWD Pathology GroupKansas CityMOUSA
| | | | - Ruby O Meierotto
- Breast RadiologySaint Luke's Cancer Institute, Saint Luke's Health SystemKansas CityMOUSA
| | - Rashna Madan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Jeffrey Thompson
- Department of BiostatisticsThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Susan G Hilsenbeck
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Biostatistics and Informatics Shared Resources, Duncan Cancer CenterBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Andy Futreal
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Division of Cancer MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Alastair Thompson
- Section of Breast SurgeryBaylor College of Medicine, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | | | - Fang Fan
- Department of PathologyCity of Hope Medical CenterDuarteCAUSA
| | - Fariba Behbod
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
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Sugisawa N, Miyake K, Higuchi T, Oshiro H, Park JH, Kawaguchi K, Bouvet M, Unno M, Hoffman RM. High Incidence of Lymph-node Metastasis in a Pancreatic-cancer Patient-derived Orthotopic Xenograft (PDOX) NOG-Mouse Model. Anticancer Res 2022; 42:739-743. [PMID: 35093872 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Our laboratory pioneered the patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) model. An important goal of PDOX-model development is facile visualization of metastasis in live mice. In the present report we evaluated tumor growth and metastasis in pancreatic cancer PDOX NOG [Non-obese diabetes (NOD)/Scid/IL2Rγnull]-and nude-mouse models using red fluorescent protein (RFP)-expressing tumor stroma to visualize the primary tumor and metastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A patient-derived pancreatic cancer was initially implanted in transgenic RFP-expressing nude mice. Then, tumor fragments, which acquired RFP expressing stroma while growing in RFP-expressing nude mice were orthotopically implanted in nude and NOG mice. The primary pancreatic tumor and metastasis were observed 8 weeks after implantation. RESULTS Lymph-node metastases expressing red fluorescence were detected only in NOG mice. Significantly faster growth of primary pancreatic tumors and a higher incidence of lymph-node metastasis occurred in NOG mice compared to nude mice. CONCLUSION RFP-expressing tumor stroma, which traffics together with cancer cells to lymph nodes, is useful to observe tumor behavior, such as lymph-node metastasis in a PDOX NOG-mouse model which can be used for evaluation of novel anti-metastatic agents, as well as personalized therapy to identify effective drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiko Sugisawa
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kentaro Miyake
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
| | - Takashi Higuchi
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
| | - Hiromichi Oshiro
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
| | | | - Kei Kawaguchi
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Michael Bouvet
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
| | - Michiaki Unno
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Robert M Hoffman
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
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24
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Han B, Wang X, Yin X. Knockdown of circRAD23B Exerts Antitumor Response in Colorectal Cancer via the Regulation of miR-1205/TRIM44 axis. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:504-515. [PMID: 33634427 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-06859-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer with high metastatic property. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have important involvement in cancer processes. This study focused on the regulation of circRNA RAD23 homologue B (circRAD23B) in CRC. METHODS The levels of circRAD23B, microRNA-1205 (miR-1205), and tripartite motif-44 (TRIM44) were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Functional analyses were performed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) for cell proliferation, flow cytometry for cell cycle or cell apoptosis, and transwell assay for cell migration and invasion. Western blot was administrated for protein detection. The interaction of targets was analyzed by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays. The in vivo experiment was conducted via xenograft tumor in mice. RESULTS We identified that circRAD23B was overexpressed in CRC tissues and cells. CRC cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and cell metastasis were inhibited, while apoptosis was promoted by downregulating circRAD23B. Target analysis indicated that circRAD23B-targeted miR-1205 and TRIM44 were downstream genes of miR-1205. Moreover, the antitumor response of circRAD23B downregulation and miR-1205 overexpression was, respectively, achieved by increasing miR-1205 and decreasing TRIM44. CircRAD23B could regulate TRIM44 level by sponging miR-1205. In vivo, circRAD23B knockdown also reduced CRC tumorigenesis via the miR-1205/TRIM44 axis. CONCLUSION These results suggested that the inhibition of circRAD23B retarded the progression of CRC via acting on the miR-1205/TRIM44 axis. CircRAD23B might be a novel target in CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weifang No.2 People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Health, Weifang No.2 People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xia Yin
- Department of Neurology, Weifang No.2 People's Hospital, No.7 Yuanxiao Street, Kuiwen District 261042, Weifang, Shandong, China.
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25
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Chang J, Guo C, Li J, Liang Z, Wang Y, Yu A, Liu R, Guo Y, Chen J, Huang S. EN1 Regulates Cell Growth and Proliferation in Human Glioma Cells via Hedgehog Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031123. [PMID: 35163043 PMCID: PMC8834903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive cancer of the nervous system that accounts for the majority of brain cancer-related deaths. Through cross-species transcriptome studies, we found that Engrailed 1 (EN1) is highly expressed in serum-free cultured glioma cells as well as glioma tissues, and increased expression level predicts a worse prognosis. EN1 controls glioma cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and tumorigenic capacity in vivo. It also influences sensitivity of glioma cells to γ-ray irradiation by regulating intracellular ROS levels. Mechanistically, EN1 influences Hedgehog signaling by regulating the level of Gli1 as well as primary cilia length and the primary cilia transport-related protein TULP3. In conclusion, we demonstrate that EN1 acts as an oncogenic regulator that contributes to glioblastoma pathogenesis and could serve as a diagnostic/prognostic marker and therapeutic target for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchun Chang
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.W.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Chenjia Guo
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China; (C.G.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
| | - Jianyu Li
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China; (C.G.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhangqian Liang
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China; (C.G.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yankai Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.W.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Anliang Yu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.W.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Runze Liu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.W.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yuting Guo
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.W.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Jian Chen
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China; (C.G.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Song Huang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.W.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (Y.G.)
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (S.H.)
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Junior RP, Sonehara NM, Jardim-Perassi BV, Pal A, Asad Y, Almeida Chuffa LG, Chammas R, Raynaud FI, Zuccari DAPC. Presence of human breast cancer xenograft changes the diurnal profile of amino acids in mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1008. [PMID: 35046467 PMCID: PMC8770691 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04994-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human xenografts are extremely useful models to study the biology of human cancers and the effects of novel potential therapies. Deregulation of metabolism, including changes in amino acids (AAs), is a common characteristic of many human neoplasms. Plasma AAs undergo daily variations, driven by circadian endogenous and exogenous factors. We compared AAs concentration in triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and MCF10A non-tumorigenic immortalized breast epithelial cells. We also measured plasma AAs in mice bearing xenograft MDA-MB-231 and compared their levels with non-tumor-bearing control animals over 24 h. In vitro studies revealed that most of AAs were significantly different in MDA-MB-231 cells when compared with MCF10A. Plasma concentrations of 15 AAs were higher in cancer cells, two were lower and four were observed to shift across 24 h. In the in vivo setting, analysis showed that 12 out of 20 AAs varied significantly between tumor-bearing and non-tumor bearing mice. Noticeably, these metabolites peaked in the dark phase in non-tumor bearing mice, which corresponds to the active time of these animals. Conversely, in tumor-bearing mice, the peak time occurred during the light phase. In the early period of the light phase, these AAs were significantly higher in tumor-bearing animals, yet significantly lower in the middle of the light phase when compared with controls. This pilot study highlights the importance of well controlled experiments in studies involving plasma AAs in human breast cancer xenografts, in addition to emphasizing the need for more precise examination of exometabolomic changes using multiple time points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubens Paula Junior
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José Do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Akos Pal
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Yasmin Asad
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Roger Chammas
- Instituto Do Câncer Do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Guo H, Yu J, He X, Yi H, Hou Y, He X. Total Variation Constrained Graph Manifold Learning Strategy for Cerenkov Luminescence Tomography. Opt Express 2022; 30:1422-1441. [PMID: 35209303 DOI: 10.1364/oe.448250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Harnessing the power and flexibility of radiolabeled molecules, Cerenkov luminescence tomography (CLT) provides a novel technique for non-invasive visualisation and quantification of viable tumour cells in a living organism. However, owing to the photon scattering effect and the ill-posed inverse problem, CLT still suffers from insufficient spatial resolution and shape recovery in various preclinical applications. In this study, we proposed a total variation constrained graph manifold learning (TV-GML) strategy for achieving accurate spatial location, dual-source resolution, and tumour morphology. TV-GML integrates the isotropic total variation term and dynamic graph Laplacian constraint to make a trade-off between edge preservation and piecewise smooth region reconstruction. Meanwhile, the tetrahedral mesh-Cartesian grid pair method based on the k-nearest neighbour, and the adaptive and composite Barzilai-Borwein method, were proposed to ensure global super linear convergence of the solution of TV-GML. The comparison results of both simulation experiments and in vivo experiments further indicated that TV-GML achieved superior reconstruction performance in terms of location accuracy, dual-source resolution, shape recovery capability, robustness, and in vivo practicability. Significance: We believe that this novel method will be beneficial to the application of CLT for quantitative analysis and morphological observation of various preclinical applications and facilitate the development of the theory of solving inverse problem.
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28
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Abstract
Preclinical mouse models of lung cancer have been vital experimental tools to elucidate cancer biology and test novel therapeutic regimens. Two main models are most commonly used-genetically engineered mouse models and xenograft transplantation models. The most common xenograft model employs subcutaneous transplantation of tumor cells. However, the subcutaneous space is a foreign environment to lung cancer cells and does not appropriately model the tumor-stromal interactions of endogenous lung cancers. Here, we present an orthotopic mouse model of lung cancer that utilizes direct injection of cancer cells into the lung parenchyma that allows many potential studies including interactions of lung fibroblast Hedgehog pathway activity and tumor epithelia. The protocol describes this procedure and its potential applications for lung cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra N Wilson
- Nancy B. and Jake L. Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research and Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Baozhi Chen
- Nancy B. and Jake L. Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research and Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan M Kurie
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James Kim
- Nancy B. and Jake L. Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research and Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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29
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Zhang HB, Qiu XM, Zhang YC, Huang TT, Zuo ZJ, Zhang T. Circ_0017639 facilitates proliferative, migratory, and invasive potential of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:1590-1601. [PMID: 35000535 PMCID: PMC8805965 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2020390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has increased morbidity and mortality rate worldwide. The current NSCLS therapies are associated with poor outcomes and need further improvement. CircRNAs were shown to regulate NSCLC progression. However, little is known re garding the functions and mechanisms of circ_0017639 in NSCLC, which requires further extensive studies. The circ_0017639 expression in NSCLC tissues and cell lines was evaluated via qRT-RCR. Moreover, using ectopic plasmid incorporation and shRNA assays, we analyzed the circ_0017639-mediated cellular proliferative, migratory and invasive processes in NSCLC cell lines, using CCK-8, EdU, and transwell assays. Furthermore, the core proteins (p-PI3K, PI3K, p-AKT, and AKT) levels of the PI3K/AKT signaling cascade were investigated via immunoblotting. Finally, we tested the functional role of circ_0017639 by examining its regulation of xenograft tumor growths in nude mice in vivo. Circ_0017639 expression was remarkably high in the NSCLC tissues and cell lines. The transfection experiments showed that circ_0017639 overexpression was able to promote proliferative, migratory, and invasive properties of NSCLC cells, while sh-circ_0017639 showed opposing effects. We further showed that circ_0017639 knockdown suppressed the cellular development via PI3K/AKT cascade inactivation. Additionally, in-vivo experiment in nude mice demonstrated that sh-circ_0017639 could reduce the tumor growth of NSCLC. Circ_0017639 may promote the development of NSCLC by accelerating NSCLC metastasis through stimulating the PI3K/AKT cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Ming Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Chao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Zhan-Jie Zuo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Quality Management, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
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30
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Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are related to the initiation and progression of tumor and regulate various cellular processes including growth, invasion, migration, and apoptosis. Understanding the roles and mechanisms of lncRNAs in regulating cancer progression is crucial for formulating novel therapeutic strategies. Although lncRNA DCST1-antisense RNA 1(AS1) has been implicated in several cancers, its role in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains to be explored. This study focuses on elucidating the function of lncRNA DCST1-AS1 in CRC development and its underlying mechanism. We found that the expression of lncRNA DCST1-AS1 was up-regulated in CRC tissues and cell lines, and CRC patients with high lncRNA DCST1-AS1 expression were associated with a poor prognosis. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiment in CRC cell lines confirmed that lncRNA DCST1-AS1 promoted the malignant phenotype of CRC cells, including cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion. In addition, we identified the binding sites between lncRNA DCST1-AS1 and hsa-miR-582-5p, and between hsa-miR-582-5p and High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) through DIANA Tools and TargetScan database, which was further confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Functional assay further confirmed the crucial role of lncRNA DCST1-AS1/hsa-miR-582-5p/HMGB1 axis in modulating the malignant phenotype of CRC cells. Collectively, our data suggest that lncRNA DCST1-AS1 regulates the aggressiveness of CRC cells through hsa-miR-582-5p/HMGB1 axis. Our study provides novel insight into the mechanism of lncRNA DCST1-AS1 in CRC cells for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long huang
- Department of General Surgery, Beibei Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Fengdu People’s Hospital, Fengdu County, Chongqing, China
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Li C, Ma J, Groenewoud A, Ren J, Liu S, Snaar-Jagalska BE, Ten Dijke P. Establishment of Embryonic Zebrafish Xenograft Assays to Investigate TGF-β Family Signaling in Human Breast Cancer Progression. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2488:67-80. [PMID: 35347683 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2277-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family members have pivotal functions in controlling breast cancer progression, acting not only on cancer cells but also on other cells within the tumor microenvironment. Here we describe embryonic zebrafish xenograft assays to investigate how TGF-β family signaling controls breast cancer cell intravasation, extravasation and regulates tumor angiogenesis. Fluorescently mCherry-labeled breast cancer cells are injected in the perivitelline space or Duct of Cuvier of Tg (fli:EGFP) transgenic Casper zebrafish embryos, in which the zebrafish express enhanced green fluorescent protein in the entire vasculature. The dynamic responses of migratory and invasive human cancer cells, and the induction of new blood vessel formation by the cancer cells in zebrafish host, are visualized using a fluorescent microscope. These assays provide efficient, reliable, low-cost models to investigate the effect of (epi)genetic modulators and pharmacological compounds that perturb the activity of TGF-β family signaling components on breast cancer cell metastasis and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jin Ma
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Arwin Groenewoud
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jiang Ren
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sijia Liu
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
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32
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Ge Z, Liu H, Ji T, Liu Q, Zhang L, Zhu P, Li L, Zhu L. Long non-coding RNA 00960 promoted the aggressiveness of lung adenocarcinoma via the miR-124a/SphK1 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:1276-1287. [PMID: 34738865 PMCID: PMC8805815 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1996507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely associated with the development of lung adenocarcinoma (LADC). The present study focused on the role of LINC00960 in LADC. miRNA and mRNA expression levels were detected using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cellular functions were evaluated by MTT, colony formation, and Transwell assays, respectively. LINC00960 Luciferase and RNA pull-down assays were performed to clarify the interaction between miR-124a and LINC00960 or Recombinant Sphingosine Kinase 1 (SphK1). We observed that LINC00960 was overexpressed in LADC tumor tissues and cell lines. LINC00960 knockdown suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of LADC cells. Moreover, LINC00960 sponged miR-124a to inhibit the SphK1/S1P pathway in LADC cells. LINC00960 knockdown markedly reduced the rate of tumor growth. The luciferase reporter assay results demonstrated an interaction between miR-124a and LINC00960 or SphK1. This interaction was confirmed using the RNA pull-down assay. In addition, miR-124a downregulation or SphK1 upregulation reversed the inhibitory effects of LINC00960 knockdown on cellular functions of LADC cells, suggesting that LINC00960 may be a potential therapeutic biomarker for LADC via the miR-124a/SphK1 axis. Accordingly, LINC00960 may be a potential therapeutic biomarker for LADC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Ge
- Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haibo Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Tao Ji
- Chest Endoscopy Minimally Invasive Area, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiaoling Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Pengchong Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Liangming Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, P.R. China
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33
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Cui Z, Wang H, Li S, Qin T, Shi H, Ma J, Li L, Yu G, Jiang T, Li C. Dihydroartemisinin enhances the inhibitory effect of sorafenib on HepG2 cells by inducing ferroptosis and inhibiting energy metabolism. J Pharmacol Sci 2022; 148:73-85. [PMID: 34924133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although sorafenib (Sora) shows improved efficacy in clinical liver cancer therapy, its therapeutic efficacy is still greatly limited due to side effects as well as drug resistance. Thus new drug intervention strategies are imperative. Our research showed the combined application of Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and Sora had a synergistic inhibitory effect on HepG2 and SW480 cells, and DHA enhanced Sora efficacy on xenograft tumor in nude mice. DHA and Sora significantly inhibited the cell energy metabolism by decreasing the ATP synthesis rate of oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis rate, and induced ferroptosis by increasing the level of lipid reactive oxygen species (L-ROS), labile iron pool (LIP) as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreasing the level of glutathione (GSH) in HepG2 cells. In addition, DHA and Sora significantly decreased the levels of SLC7A11 (xCT), GCLC, GPX4, and HO-1 protein in HepG2 cells. Importantly, the above-mentioned indicators changed more significantly after the combined application of DHA and Sora as compared with Sora. In conclusion, DHA and Sora had the same mechanism, and the combined application of them could have a synergistic anti-tumor effect by inducing ferroptosis and inhibiting energy metabolism in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Cui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Huajing Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Artemisinin Research Center and Institute of Chinese Meteria Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Shuo Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Artemisinin Research Center and Institute of Chinese Meteria Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Tingting Qin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Hang Shi
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Ji Ma
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Artemisinin Research Center and Institute of Chinese Meteria Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Lanfang Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Guihua Yu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Tingliang Jiang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Artemisinin Research Center and Institute of Chinese Meteria Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Canghai Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Artemisinin Research Center and Institute of Chinese Meteria Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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Sumiya R, Terayama M, Hagiwara T, Nakata K, Sekihara K, Nagasaka S, Miyazaki H, Igari T, Yamada K, Kawamura YI. Loss of GSTO2 contributes to cell growth and mitochondria function via the p38 signaling in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:195-204. [PMID: 34726807 PMCID: PMC8748250 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase omega 2 (GSTO2) lacks any appreciable GST activity, but it exhibits thioltransferase activity. The significance of GSTO2 in lung function has been reported; however, the precise expression and molecular function of GSTO2 in the lungs remain unclear. In the present study, we found that GSTO2 is expressed in airway basal cells, non-ciliated, columnar Clara cells, and type II alveolar cells, which have self-renewal capacity in the lungs. Contrastingly, no GSTO2 expression was observed in 94 lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) samples. When human LSCC cell lines were treated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, a DNA-methyltransferase inhibitor, GSTO2 transcription was induced, suggesting that aberrant GSTO2 hypermethylation in LSCC is the cause of its downregulation. Forced GSTO2 expression in LSCC cell lines inhibited cell growth and colony formation in vitro. In a subcutaneous xenograft model, GSTO2-transfected cells formed smaller tumors in nude mice than mock-transfected cells. Upon intravenous injection into nude mice, the incidence of liver metastasis was lower in mice injected with GSTO2-transfected cells than in those injected with mock-transfected cells. In addition, GSTO2 induction suppressed the expression of β-catenin and the oxygen consumption rate, but it did not affect the extracellular acidification rate. Furthermore, GSTO2-transfected cells displayed lower mitochondrial membrane potential than mock-transfected cells. When GSTO2-transfected cells were treated with a p38 inhibitor, β-catenin expression and mitochondrial membrane potential were recovered. Our study indicated that the loss of GSTO2 via DNA hypermethylation contributes to the growth and progression of LSCC, probably by modulating cancer metabolism via the p38/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Sumiya
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research InstituteNational Center for Global Health and MedicineChibaJapan
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyoJapan
- Course of Advanced and Specialized MedicineJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Masayoshi Terayama
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research InstituteNational Center for Global Health and MedicineChibaJapan
- Department of SurgeryNational Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyoJapan
- Present address:
Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGastroenterological CenterCancer Institute HospitalJapanese Foundation for Cancer ResearchTokyoJapan
| | - Teruki Hagiwara
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research InstituteNational Center for Global Health and MedicineChibaJapan
| | - Kazuaki Nakata
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research InstituteNational Center for Global Health and MedicineChibaJapan
| | - Keigo Sekihara
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Satoshi Nagasaka
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Hideki Miyazaki
- Pathology Division of Clinical LaboratoryNational Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Toru Igari
- Pathology Division of Clinical LaboratoryNational Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamada
- Course of Advanced and Specialized MedicineJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Department of SurgeryNational Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yuki I. Kawamura
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research InstituteNational Center for Global Health and MedicineChibaJapan
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Yamauchi T, Hoki T, Oba T, Kajihara R, Attwood K, Cao X, Ito F. CD40 and CD80/86 signaling in cDC1s mediate effective neoantigen vaccination and generation of antigen-specific CX3CR1 + CD8 + T cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2022; 71:137-151. [PMID: 34037810 PMCID: PMC8715856 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-02969-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of tumor mutation-derived neoantigen represents a promising approach for cancer vaccines. Preclinical and early phase human clinical studies have shown the successful induction of tumor neoepitope-directed responses; however, overall clinical efficacy of neoantigen vaccines has been limited. One major obstacle of this strategy is the prevailing lack of sufficient understanding of the mechanism underlying the generation of neoantigen-specific CD8+ T cells. Here, we report a correlation between antitumor efficacy of neoantigen/toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)/CD40 agonists vaccination and an increased frequency of circulating antigen-specific CD8+ T cells expressing CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) in a preclinical model. Mechanistic studies using mixed bone marrow chimeras identified that CD40 and CD80/86, but not CD70 signaling in Batf3-dependent conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1s) is required for the antitumor efficacy of neoantigen vaccine and generation of neoantigen-specific CX3CR1+ CD8+ T cells. Although CX3CR1+ CD8+ T cells exhibited robust in vitro effector function, in vivo depletion of this subset did not alter the antitumor efficacy of neoantigen/TLR3/CD40 agonists vaccination. These findings indicate that the vaccine-primed CX3CR1+ subset is dispensable for antitumor CD8+ T cell responses, but can be used as a blood-based T-cell biomarker for effective priming of CD8+ T cells as post-differentiated T cells. Taken together, our results reveal a critical role of CD40 and CD80/86 signaling in cDC1s in antitumor efficacy of neoantigen-based therapeutic vaccines, and implicate the potential utility of CX3CR1 as a circulating predictive T-cell biomarker in vaccine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Yamauchi
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Toshifumi Hoki
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Takaaki Oba
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Ryutaro Kajihara
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kristopher Attwood
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Xuefang Cao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fumito Ito
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York At Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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36
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Jiang Z, Hou Z, Liu W, Yu Z, Liang Z, Chen S. Circular RNA protein tyrosine kinase 2 (circPTK2) promotes colorectal cancer proliferation, migration, invasion and chemoresistance. Bioengineered 2022; 13:810-823. [PMID: 34974791 PMCID: PMC8805883 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2012952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulated circular RNAs (circRNAs) are linked to progression and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role of circRNA protein tyrosine kinase 2 (circPTK2) in CRC progression and chemoresistance is uncertain. The circPTK2, microRNA (miR)-136-5p, m6A 'reader' protein YTH domain family protein 1 (YTHDF1), β-catenin and cyclin D1 abundances were examined via quantitative reverse transcription PCR or Western blotting. The progression was investigated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, transwell and xenograft analysis. The resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and oxaliplatin was analyzed via detecting cell viability and apoptosis using CCK-8 analysis and flow cytometry. The binding relationship was examined through dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation and pull-down analysis. In our study, circPTK2 abundance was enhanced in CRC and associated with liver metastasis, clinical stage and chemoresistance. CircPTK2 knockdown constrained cell proliferation, migration, invasion, resistance to 5-FU and oxaliplatin, and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. MiR-136-5p was bound with circPTK2 and downregulated in CRC. MiR-136-5p knockdown attenuated the influence of circPTK2 silence on CRC progression and chemoresistance. YTHDF1 was targeted via miR-136-5p and upregulated in CRC samples and cells. MiR-136-5p targeted YTHDF1 to restrain CRC progression and chemoresistance. In addition, we confirmed that circPTK2 silence reduced xenograft tumor growth. In conclusion, circPTK2 interference suppressed CRC proliferation, migration, invasion and chemoresistance via regulating miR-136-5p and YTHDF1.Abbreviations: circRNAs: circular RNAs; CRC: colorectal cancer; circPTK2: circRNA protein tyrosine kinase 2; miR: microRNA; YTHDF1: YTH domain family protein 1; CCK-8: cell counting kit-8; 5-FU: 5-fluorouracil; RIP: RNA immunoprecipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zehui Hou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuomin Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Zheng X, Du F, Gong X, Xu P. Circ_0005320 promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma tumorigenesis by sponging microRNA-486-3p and microRNA-637. Bioengineered 2022; 13:440-454. [PMID: 34967281 PMCID: PMC8805982 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2009317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circ_0005320 was found to be elevated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and accelerated OSCC progression. Here, the potential mechanism of circ_0005320 in OSCC tumorigenesis was explored. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay was used to detect the expression of circ_0005320, miR-486-3p, and miR-637. In vitro assays were conducted using cell counting kit-8, colony formation, transwell, angiogenesis, and flow cytometry assays. The targeting relationship between microRNA (miR)-486-3p and miR-637 or circ_0005320 was confirmed using the dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. The Janus Kinase 2/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathway-related proteins were analyzed using Western blot. The murine xenograft model was established to perform in vivo assay. Circ_0005320 expression was higher in OSCC tissues and cells. Knockdown of circ_0005320 suppressed OSCC cell growth, migration, invasion, and induced cell apoptosis in vitro, as well as impeded tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, miR-486-3p or miR-637 were confirmed to be a target of circ_0005320. Moreover, the inhibitory effects of circ_0005320 silencing on OSCC growth were reversed by the inhibition of miR-486-3p or miR-637. We also found that circ_0005320-miR-486-3p/miR-637 axis mediated the activation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway. This study revealed a novel regulatory network of circ_0005320-miR-486-3p/miR-637 axis in OSCC progression, suggesting that circ_0005320 might be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotao Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Du
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, No. 988 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xuepeng Gong
- Imaging Department, PLA Air Force 986 Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Stomatology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Wang P, Hu Y, Qu P, Zhao Y, Liu J, Zhao J, Kong B. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z1 inhibits the cisplatin resistance of ovarian cancer by regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:1931-1941. [PMID: 35001804 PMCID: PMC8805848 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2022268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Most patients with ovarian cancer (OC) get remission after undergoing cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based standard chemotherapy, but more than 50% of patients with advanced OC relapse within the first 5 years after treatment and develop resistance to standard chemotherapy. The production of medicinal properties is the main reason for the poor prognosis and high mortality of OC patients. Cisplatin (DDP) resistance is a major cause for poor prognosis of OC patients. PTPRZ1 can regulate the growth and apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells, while the molecular mechanism remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate the roles of PTPRZ1 in DDP-resistant OC cells and possible mechanism. PTPRZ1 expression in OC tissues and normal tissues was analyzed by GEPIA database and verified by Real-time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) assay. PTPRZ1 expression in normal ovarian cancer cells and DDP-resistant OC cells was also analyzed. Subsequently, RT-PCR, Western blot, MTT experiment and flow cytometry were used to assess the effects of PTPRZ1-PI3K/AKT/mTOR regulating axis on DDP resistance of OC. PTPRZ1 expression was abnormally low in OC tissues, and notably reduced in DDP-resistant OC cells. MTT experiment and flow cytometer indicated that overexpression of PTPRZ1 enhanced the DDP sensitivity of OC cells and promoted the cell apoptosis. Moreover, the results of our research showed that PTPRZ1 might exert its biological effects through blocking PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. PTPRZ1 overexpression inhibitied OC tumor growth and resistance to DDP in vivo. Overall, PTPRZ1 might suppress the DDP resistance of OC and induce the cytotoxicity by blocking PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanjing Hu
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengpeng Qu
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin, China
| | - Beihua Kong
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Miao YQ, Chen W, Zhou J, Shen Q, Sun Y, Li T, Wang SC. N(6)-adenosine-methyltransferase-14 promotes glioma tumorigenesis by repressing argininosuccinate synthase 1 expression in an m6A-dependent manner. Bioengineered 2022; 13:1858-1871. [PMID: 35012429 PMCID: PMC8805915 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2018386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is one of the leading causes of tumor-related deaths worldwide, but its potential mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the biological role and potential mechanism of argininosuccinate synthase 1 (ASS1) in glioma. The relative expression levels of ASS1 in glioma specimens and cell lines were calculated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. The biological functions of ASS1 were demonstrated using the 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, transwell assay, and in vivo experiments. In addition, methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP), RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and luciferase reporter assays were performed to explore the molecular mechanism of ASS1 in glioma. ASS1 expression levels were found to be downregulated in glioma specimens and cell lines. Functionally, we confirmed that ASS1 inhibited glioma cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and growth both. Furthermore, we found that ASS1 was a target of N(6)-adenosine-methyltransferase-14 (METTL14)-mediated N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification. Overexpression of METTL14 markedly elevated ASS1 mRNA m6A modification and suppressed ASS1 mRNA expression. We also revealed that METTL14-mediated ASS1 mRNA degradation relied on the YTH m6A RNA-binding protein 2 (YTHDF2)-dependent pathway. We confirmed that decreased ASS1 expression promoted the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in glioma, and that the METTL14/ASS1/YTHDF2 regulatory axis may be an effective therapeutic target for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Qing Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiyang Shen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng-Chan Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Abstract
Rapid advances in large-scale next-generation sequencing studies of human samples have progressively defined the highly heterogeneous genetic landscape of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). At the same time, the numerous challenges posed by the difficulties in rapid manipulation of primary B cells and the paucity of CLL cell lines have limited the ability to interrogate the function of the discovered putative disease "drivers," defined in human sequencing studies through statistical inference. Mouse models represent a powerful tool to study mechanisms of normal and malignant B-cell biology and for preclinical testing of novel therapeutics. Advances in genetic engineering technologies, including the introduction of conditional knockin/knockout strategies, have opened new opportunities to model genetic lesions in a B-cell-restricted context. These new studies build on the experience of generating the MDR mice, the first example of a genetically faithful CLL model, which recapitulates the most common genomic aberration of human CLL: del(13q). In this review, we describe the application of mouse models to the studies of CLL pathogenesis and disease transformation from an indolent to a high-grade malignancy (ie, Richter syndrome [RS]) and treatment, with a focus on newly developed genetically inspired mouse lines modeling recurrent CLL genetic events. We discuss how these novel mouse models, analyzed using new genomic technologies, allow the dissection of mechanisms of disease evolution and response to therapy with greater depth than previously possible and provide important insight into human CLL and RS pathogenesis and therapeutic vulnerabilities. These models thereby provide valuable platforms for functional genomic analyses and treatment studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ten Hacken
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Catherine J Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
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Murase W, Kamakura Y, Kawakami S, Yasuda A, Wagatsuma M, Kubota A, Kojima H, Ohta T, Takahashi M, Mutoh M, Tanaka T, Maeda H, Miyashita K, Terasaki M. Fucoxanthin Prevents Pancreatic Tumorigenesis in C57BL/6J Mice That Received Allogenic and Orthotopic Transplants of Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13620. [PMID: 34948416 PMCID: PMC8707761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin (Fx) is a marine carotenoid with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties in various animal models of carcinogenesis. However, there is currently no information on the effects of Fx in animal models of pancreatic cancer. We investigated the chemopreventive effects of Fx in C57BL/6J mice that received allogenic and orthotopic transplantations of cancer cells (KMPC44) derived from a pancreatic cancer murine model (Ptf1aCre/+; LSL-krasG12D/+). Using microarray, immunofluorescence, western blot, and siRNA analyses, alterations in cancer-related genes and protein expression were evaluated in pancreatic tumors of Fx-administered mice. Fx administration prevented the adenocarcinoma (ADC) development of pancreatic and parietal peritoneum tissues in a pancreatic cancer murine model, but not the incidence of ADC. Gene and protein expressions showed that the suppression of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21 (CCL21)/chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) axis, its downstream of Rho A, B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), N-cadherin, αSMA, pFAK(Tyr397), and pPaxillin(Tyr31) were significantly suppressed in the pancreatic tumors of mice treated with Fx. In addition, Ccr7 knockdown significantly attenuated the growth of KMPC44 cells. These results suggest that Fx is a promising candidate for pancreatic cancer chemoprevention that mediates the suppression of the CCL21/CCR7 axis, BTLA, tumor microenvironment, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Murase
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan; (W.M.); (Y.K.); (S.K.); (A.Y.); (M.W.); (A.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Yukino Kamakura
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan; (W.M.); (Y.K.); (S.K.); (A.Y.); (M.W.); (A.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Serina Kawakami
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan; (W.M.); (Y.K.); (S.K.); (A.Y.); (M.W.); (A.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Ayaka Yasuda
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan; (W.M.); (Y.K.); (S.K.); (A.Y.); (M.W.); (A.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Momoka Wagatsuma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan; (W.M.); (Y.K.); (S.K.); (A.Y.); (M.W.); (A.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Atsuhito Kubota
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan; (W.M.); (Y.K.); (S.K.); (A.Y.); (M.W.); (A.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Hiroyuki Kojima
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan; (W.M.); (Y.K.); (S.K.); (A.Y.); (M.W.); (A.K.); (H.K.)
- Advanced Research Promotion Center, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan;
| | - Tohru Ohta
- Advanced Research Promotion Center, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan;
| | - Mami Takahashi
- Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
| | - Michihiro Mutoh
- Department of Molecular-Targeting Prevention, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan;
| | - Takuji Tanaka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Research Center of Diagnostic Pathology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan;
| | - Hayato Maeda
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Aomori 036-8561, Japan;
| | - Kazuo Miyashita
- Center for Industry-University Collaboration, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan;
| | - Masaru Terasaki
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan; (W.M.); (Y.K.); (S.K.); (A.Y.); (M.W.); (A.K.); (H.K.)
- Advanced Research Promotion Center, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan;
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Zhang C, Luo CL, Shang GS, Jiang DX, Song Q. Galangin Enhances Anticancer Efficacy of 5-Fluorouracil in Esophageal Cancer Cells and Xenografts Through NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP3) Downregulation. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e931630. [PMID: 34916479 PMCID: PMC8690210 DOI: 10.12659/msm.931630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Galangin is believed to exert antioxidant effects by inhibition of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, which has been linked to chemotherapy sensitivity in cancers. In this study, we explored the synergistic effect of galangin in combination with the chemotherapy agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in esophageal cancer cells and xenografts. MATERIAL AND METHODS The esophageal squamous epithelium cell line Het-1A and 2 human esophageal cancer cell lines (Eca109, OE19) were used to investigate the effect of galangin with or without 5-FU in vitro through proliferation and invasion analyses, while apoptosis was analyzed in cancer cells. Furthermore, a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model in mice was used to study cancer development in vivo. RESULTS Compared with 5-FU monotherapy, combined galangin and 5-FU treatment reduced human esophageal cancer cell growth activities and invasion abilities. The results suggested that galangin had a chemotherapy-sensitized synergistic antitumor effect induced by 5-FU. The susceptibility of cancer cells to apoptosis, which is linked with chemotherapy sensitivity, was induced by 5-FU and further enhanced by galangin. NLRP3 was identified as being significantly activated by 5-FU, but galangin treatment reversed the effect and inhibited NLRP3 expression, which was accompanied by downregulated interleukin-1b levels. Further investigation showed that the induced apoptotic cascade can be mostly reversed by incubation with an NLRP3 activator, irrespective of AKT signaling. Using xenograft mouse models, we found that galangin exposure further restrained cancer development after 5-FU treatment and increased sensitivity to chemotherapy by suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that galangin played a synergistic anticancer role through NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition when paired with FU-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chengdu Seventh People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Cui-Lian Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chengdu Seventh People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Guan-Sheng Shang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chengdu Seventh People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - De-Xiong Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chengdu Seventh People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qi Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China
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Yu C, Chen H, Zhao Y, Zhang Y. Forkhead Box Protein M1 Promotes Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Tumorigenesis Possibly via the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e931970. [PMID: 34911926 PMCID: PMC8690047 DOI: 10.12659/msm.931970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1) is an important transcription factor involved in the development and progression of various malignancies. However, its role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains largely unknown. This study aimed to assess the effect of FoxM1 on NPC cell tumorigenesis as well as the underlying mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS NPC cell lines CNE-1 and CNE-2 were treated with vehicle and FoxM1 inhibitor thiostrepton or transfected with small interfering RNA. CCK-8 assay, flow cytometric assay, and Hoechst 33258 staining were performed to assess the viability, apoptosis and nuclear morphological impairment, and cell cycle, respectively. The expression of apoptosis-related caspase-3 and caspase-9 was detected by western blot analysis The tumor growth in the mouse xenograft model of NPC treated with thiostrepton or control was assessed. The expression of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling proteins p27, FoxM1, S phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2), and Cyclin D1 were determined both in cells and xenograft tissues by western blot analysis. RESULTS Inhibition of FoxM1 by thiostrepton significantly suppressed NPC cell viability, induced apoptosis, increased cell cycle arrest, impaired nuclear morphology, and reduced NPC cell-derived tumor xenograft growth. Mechanistically, inhibition or knockdown of FoxM1 inactivated the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway, as demonstrated by altered expression of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling-related genes, including p27, SKP2, and cyclin D1, in both NPC cells and xenograft tissues. CONCLUSIONS We identified FoxM1 as a novel regulator of NPC cell tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Targeting FoxM1 could be a promising therapeutic strategy against NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yuedong Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, PR China
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He X, Tang J, Yan HZ, Wang JX, Li HQ, Duan XW, Yu SY, Hou XL, Liao GB, Liu W. Anemoside B4 sensitizes human colorectal cancer to fluorouracil-based chemotherapy through src-mediated cell apoptosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:25365-25376. [PMID: 34890366 PMCID: PMC8714157 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Currently, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) based chemotherapy is the primary option for colorectal cancer after surgery, whereas chemotherapy resistance related mortality is observed in a large proportion of patients. Anemoside B4 (AB4) is a triterpene saponin, which exhibits a considerable activity in oncotherapy. In this study, we explored the efficacy of AB4 in FU-based chemotherapy in colorectal cancer cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results indicated a significant synergistic activity of AB4 in 5-FU treated colorectal cancer cells. Furthermore, AB4 treatment eliminated colorectal cancer stem cells by promoting apoptotic cell death in 5-FU resistant colorectal cancer cells. Mechanically, AB4 activated caspase-9 pathway in 5-FU resistant colorectal cancer cells. Elevated Src activity induced cell apoptosis and cancer stem cells elimination effects in AB4 treated colorectal cancer cells. In conclusion, AB4 showed promising sensitization effect in the FU-based chemotherapy of colorectal cancer. Our study may pave a way to ameliorate FU-based chemotherapeutic efficiency in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 901 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 901 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - He-Zhong Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 901 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Jiao-Xue Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 901 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Hai-Qing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 901 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 901 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Sen-Yuan Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 901 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Xi-Lu Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 901 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Guo-Bin Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 901 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 901 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
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Donenko FV, Sitdikova SM, Dolzhikova YI, Lebedin YS. Cure of Mice with Advanced Ovarian Adenocarcinoma CaO1 by the Serum Blood Proteins. Bull Exp Biol Med 2021; 172:191-194. [PMID: 34855090 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-021-05361-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
After removal of the primary tumor node, tumor-specific activity appears in the serum that blocks tumor growth in mice. This activity is observed at the time interval when activity of the tumor growth-stimulating factor is not determined. Administration of blood serum (0.1 ml) from mice with removed tumor to mice with CaO1 adenocarcinoma for 14 days led first to a stop of its growth, and then to tumor regression. The animals cured of adenocarcinoma lived for at least one year without signs of relapse. The cured animals did not develop resistance to repeated tumor transplantation. Repeated transplantation led to the growth of the new tumor. No cellular immune response was observed on histological slides of the regressing tumor. It was concluded that a serum factor is required for the growth of a tumor in the body and the state of the serum with blocked activity of this tumor-stimulating factor can be used for tumor treatment in oncology patients. This is the first result in the syngeneic system, when the tumor was cured by syngeneic serum proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- F V Donenko
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
| | - S M Sitdikova
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu I Dolzhikova
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Wu Q, Yin X, Zhao W, Xu W, Chen L. Downregulation of SFRP2 facilitates cancer stemness and radioresistance of glioma cells via activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260864. [PMID: 34852024 PMCID: PMC8635357 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) is a glycoprotein with frizzled-like cysteine-rich domain that binds with Wnt ligands or frizzled receptors to regulate Wnt signaling. SFRP2 is frequently hypermethylated in glioma patients, and analysis of TCGA data indicates that SFRP2 is one of the most downregulated genes in radiotherapy treated glioma patients. In the present study, we aimed to explore the potential function of SFRP2 in tumorigenesis and radioresistance of glioma. The RNA sequencing data of TCGA glioma samples were downloaded and analyzed. SFRP2 expression in 166 glioma patients was evaluated by qRT-PCR. The potential functions of SFRP2 in glioma were evaluated by loss-of-function assays and gain-of-function assays in glioma cell lines. We found that SFRP2 was downregulated in radiotherapy-treated glioma patients, and low SFRP2 expression was correlated with advanced tumor stage and poor prognosis. CRISP/Cas9-meidated SFRP2 knockdown promoted soft agar colony formation, cancer stemness and radioresistance of glioma cells, while enforced SFRP2 expression exhibited opposite effects. Moreover, Wnt/β-catenin signaling was activated in radiotherapy treated glioma patients. SFRP2 knockdown activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling in glioma cell lines, while overexpression of SFRP2 inhibited Wnt/β-catenin activation. Besides, pharmacological inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by XAV-939 abrogated the effects of SFRP2 knockdown on cancer stemness and radioresistance of glioma cells. Our data for the first time demonstrated a role of SFRP2 in radioresistance of glioma cells, and suggested that inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling might be a potential strategy for increasing radiosensitivity of glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quansheng Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Wenbo Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Wenli Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Laizhao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
- * E-mail:
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Song GL, Xiao M, Wan XY, Deng J, Ling JD, Tian YG, Li M, Yin J, Zheng RY, Tang Y, Liu GY. MiR-130a-3p suppresses colorectal cancer growth by targeting Wnt Family Member 1 (WNT1). Bioengineered 2021; 12:8407-8418. [PMID: 34657551 PMCID: PMC8806712 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1977556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The microRNA miR-130a-3p (miR-130a-3p) has anti-tumor activity against numerous cancer types. Further, miR-130a-3p may target Wnt signaling, which is a critical pathway regulating tumorigenesis. Functions of miR-130a-3p in colorectal cancer (CRC) and contributions of Wnt1 pathway modulation, however, have not been examined, hence the exploration on these two aspects. In this study, in comparison with normal controls, both CRC tissue and multiple CRC cell lines showed downregulated miR-130a-3p. MiR-130a-3p overexpression contributed to a decrease in CRC cell proliferation. Additionally, its overexpression also caused reduced expression of WNT Family Member 1 (WNT1) and downstream WNT pathway factors c-myc and cyclin D1. Dual-luciferase assay revealed WNT1 as a direct target of miR-130a-3p, and further the inhibitory effect of miR-130a-3p on c-myc and cyclin D1 was proved to be reversed by overexpressed WNT1. Collectively, miR-130a-3p inhibits CRC growth by directly targeting WNT1, and miR-130a-3p and WNT1 pathway-associated factors are defined as potential targets for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Lin Song
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Yuechi County, Yuechi County, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ming Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Wan
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Yuechi County, Yuechi County, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Yuechi County, Yuechi County, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jun-Da Ling
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Yuechi County, Yuechi County, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ying-Guo Tian
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Yuechi County, Yuechi County, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Yuechi County, Yuechi County, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Yuechi County, Yuechi County, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ren-Ying Zheng
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Yuechi County, Yuechi County, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gui-Yuan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Three Gorges, Chongqing, China
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Mu L, Wang Y, Su H, Lin Y, Sui W, Yu X, Lv Z. HIF1A-AS2 Promotes the Proliferation and Metastasis of Gastric Cancer Cells Through miR-429/PD-L1 Axis. Dig Dis Sci 2021; 66:4314-4325. [PMID: 33555514 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06819-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a common leading cause of cancer-related mortality of all malignancies. LncRNA hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha antisense RNA-2 (HIF1A-AS2) has been identified to involve in the development of GC. Therefore, we further explored the detailed molecular mechanism of HIF1A-AS2 in GC progression. METHODS The expression of HIF1A-AS2, microRNA-429 (miR-429), and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) or transwell assay. The interaction between miR-429 and HIF1A-AS2 or PD-L1 was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. Murine xenograft model was established to investigate the role of HIF1A-AS2 in vivo. RESULTS HIF1A-AS2 was elevated in GC tissues and cell lines. Functional experiments showed that HIF1A-AS2 knockdown inhibited GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, as well as hindered tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, HIF1A-AS2 directly bound to miR-429 based on bioinformatics prediction and luciferase assay, and inhibition of miR-429 abolished the effects of HIF1A-AS2 knockdown on GC cells. Furthermore, miR-429 directly targeted PD-L1, and overexpression of miR-429 suppressed GC tumorigenesis via PD-L1. Besides that, PD-L1 also performed an oncogenic role in GC cell proliferation and metastasis. Additionally, HIF1A-AS2 could indirectly regulate PD-L1 expression via sponging miR-429. CONCLUSION HIF1A-AS2 is a dependable predictor of malignancy and prognosis in GC and functions as an oncogene to promote GC cell proliferation and metastasis by regulating miR-429/PD-L1 axis, indicating a new insight into the search for novel biomarkers and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsong Mu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 20, Yuding East Rd, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264000, Shangdong, China
| | - Yeli Wang
- Department of Anorectal, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shangdong, China
| | - Hailong Su
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 20, Yuding East Rd, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264000, Shangdong, China
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 20, Yuding East Rd, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264000, Shangdong, China
| | - Wu Sui
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 20, Yuding East Rd, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264000, Shangdong, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 20, Yuding East Rd, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264000, Shangdong, China
| | - Zhongchuan Lv
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 20, Yuding East Rd, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264000, Shangdong, China.
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Li L, Shi W, Zhou J. Effect of CMNa combined with radiotherapy on the tumor immune microenvironment of mouse cervical cancer cell transplantation tumor model. Bioengineered 2021; 12:1066-1077. [PMID: 33784955 PMCID: PMC8806344 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1899532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we construct a subcutaneous tumor mice model of U14 cells, observe the tumor growth, and detect the expression of Foxp3 and VISTA in cervical cancer tissues and adjacent tissues during CMNa-enhancing radiotherapy.From the 15th day, compared with the control group, the tumor volume changes in each treatment group were significant (P < 0.01). CMNa combined with radiotherapy had an interactive effect and a positive effect in inhibiting tumor volume growth. There was no significant difference in the expression of Foxp3 and VISTA in mouse cervical cancer tissues and adjacent tissues in each group. The Foxp3 level in the RT group was the highest, and the CMNa group was the lowest. The VISTA level of the CMNa+RT group was the highest, the RT group is followed by, and the Control group is the lowest. The Foxp3 level of the CMNa group did not change much at each different point. The Foxp3 level in RT and CMNa+RT group gradually decreased after a transient increase, and the VISTA level in the CMNa+RT group increased more.Our results show that CMNa can enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy, and at the same time can reduce the compensatory increase in regulatory T cell Foxp3 levels caused by radiotherapy, and reduce the radiotherapy response. However, in the course of the treatment of the two, there may be a substantial increase in the level of VISTA, and the combined application of VISTA inhibitors may increase the anti-tumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weiqiang Shi
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Juying Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Makielski KM, Donnelly AJ, Khammanivong A, Scott MC, Ortiz AR, Galvan DC, Tomiyasu H, Amaya C, Ward KA, Montoya A, Garbe JR, Mills LJ, Cutter GR, Fenger JM, Kisseberth WC, O'Brien TD, Weigel BJ, Spector LG, Bryan BA, Subramanian S, Modiano JF. Development of an exosomal gene signature to detect residual disease in dogs with osteosarcoma using a novel xenograft platform and machine learning. J Transl Med 2021; 101:1585-1596. [PMID: 34489559 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00655-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma has a guarded prognosis. A major hurdle in developing more effective osteosarcoma therapies is the lack of disease-specific biomarkers to predict risk, prognosis, or therapeutic response. Exosomes are secreted extracellular microvesicles emerging as powerful diagnostic tools. However, their clinical application is precluded by challenges in identifying disease-associated cargo from the vastly larger background of normal exosome cargo. We developed a method using canine osteosarcoma in mouse xenografts to distinguish tumor-derived from host-response exosomal messenger RNAs (mRNAs). The model allows for the identification of canine osteosarcoma-specific gene signatures by RNA sequencing and a species-differentiating bioinformatics pipeline. An osteosarcoma-associated signature consisting of five gene transcripts (SKA2, NEU1, PAF1, PSMG2, and NOB1) was validated in dogs with spontaneous osteosarcoma by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), while a machine learning model assigned dogs into healthy or disease groups. Serum/plasma exosomes were isolated from 53 dogs in distinct clinical groups ("healthy", "osteosarcoma", "other bone tumor", or "non-neoplastic disease"). Pre-treatment samples from osteosarcoma cases were used as the training set, and a validation set from post-treatment samples was used for testing, classifying as "osteosarcoma detected" or "osteosarcoma-NOT detected". Dogs in a validation set whose post-treatment samples were classified as "osteosarcoma-NOT detected" had longer remissions, up to 15 months after treatment. In conclusion, we identified a gene signature predictive of molecular remissions with potential applications in the early detection and minimal residual disease settings. These results provide proof of concept for our discovery platform and its utilization in future studies to inform cancer risk, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Makielski
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Alicia J Donnelly
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ali Khammanivong
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Milcah C Scott
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- University of Minnesota, Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Andrea R Ortiz
- Texas Tech Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dana C Galvan
- Texas Tech Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Hirotaka Tomiyasu
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kristin A Ward
- Texas Tech Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Alexa Montoya
- Texas Tech Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Texas, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - John R Garbe
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- University of Minnesota Genomics Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lauren J Mills
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Gary R Cutter
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Joelle M Fenger
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Ethos Discovery, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - William C Kisseberth
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Timothy D O'Brien
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Brenda J Weigel
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Logan G Spector
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Brad A Bryan
- Texas Tech Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Subbaya Subramanian
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jaime F Modiano
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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