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Pagaduan JE, Lazarescu C, Vallieres E, Skinner K, Zuckermann AM, Idzerda L. The impacts of the Nutrition North Canada program on the accessibility and affordability of perishable, nutritious foods among eligible communities: a scoping review. Int J Circumpolar Health 2024; 83:2313255. [PMID: 38346231 PMCID: PMC10863516 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2024.2313255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The Nutrition North Canada (NNC) program, introduced in April 2011 is a federal strategy to improve access to perishable, nutritious foods for remote and isolated communities in northern Canada by subsidising retailers to provide price reductions at the point of purchase. As of March 2023, 123 communities are eligible for the program. To evaluate existing evidence and research on the NNC program to inform policy decisions to improve the effectiveness of NNC. A scoping review of peer-reviewed articles was conducted in ten databases along with a supplemental grey literature search of government and non-government reports published between 2011 and 2022. The search yielded 172 publications for screening, of which 42 were included in the analysis. Narrative thematic evidence synthesis yielded 104 critiques and 341 recommendations of the NNC program across eight themes. The most-identified recommendations focus on transparency, communication, and support for harvesting, hunting, and community food initiatives. This review highlights recommendations informed by the literature to address critiques of the NNC program to improve food security, increase access to perishable and non-perishable items, and support community-based food initiatives among eligible communities. The review also identifies priority areas for future policy directions such as additional support for education initiatives, communication and transparency amidst program changes, and food price regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Edward Pagaduan
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Calin Lazarescu
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric Vallieres
- Health Security and Regional Operations Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kelly Skinner
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Alexandra M.E. Zuckermann
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leanne Idzerda
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Yuan W, Yu M, Zhang Z, Miao Q, Liu J, Zhang H, Zhou Q, Chen J, Zhai Y, Fang X, Xu H, Shen Q. The value of bioimpedance analysis in the assessment of hydration and nutritional status in children on chronic peritoneal dialysis. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2301531. [PMID: 38189097 PMCID: PMC10776048 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2301531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioimpedance analysis (BIA)-body composition monitoring (BCM) has been used to evaluate the hydration and nutritional status of adults and children on dialysis. However, its clinical application still has challenges, so further exploration is valuable. We used BIA-BCM to evaluate the hydration and nutritional status of children undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis from 1 July 2021 to 31 December 2022 in the Children's Hospital of Fudan University to explore the clinical value of this method. A total of 84 children on chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) were included. In the PD group, 16 (19.05%) and 31 (36.90%) had mild and severe overhydration (OH), respectively; 41.27% (26/63) had a low lean tissue index (LTI). In the PD group, patients with relative OH (Re-OH) > 5.6% had significantly higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and SBP z score (SBPz). Patients with LTI > 12% had significantly higher body mass index (BMI) and BMI z score (BMIz). Canonical correlation analysis indicated a linear relationship (ρ = 0.708) between BIA-BCM hydration and the clinical hydration indicator and a linear relationship (ρ = 0.995) between the BIA-BCM nutritional indicator and the clinical nutritional indicator. A total of 56% of children on chronic peritoneal dialysis had OH, and 41% had a low LTI. In PD patients, SBP and SBPz were correlated with BIA-BCM Re-OH, and BMI and BMIz were correlated with BIA-BCM LTI. BIA-BCM indicators have good clinical value in evaluating hydration and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghui Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianfan Miao
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaojiao Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihui Zhai
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Fang
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
- National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
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Wang D, Yin J, Liao W, Feng X, Zhang F. GLIM criteria for definition of malnutrition in peritoneal dialysis: a new aspect of nutritional assessment. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2337290. [PMID: 38575339 PMCID: PMC10997366 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2337290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria in assessing malnutrition within the peritoneal dialysis (PD) population.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis involving 1057 PD patients across multiple institutions, characterized by an age of 56.1 ± 14.4 years, 464 (43.9%) female, and a median follow-up of 45 (25, 68) months. Malnutrition was diagnosed according to GLIM criteria. The endpoint event was overall mortality. The survival rate and hazard ratio (HR) of death between malnutrition and well-nourished were analyzed in all patients and various subgroups. Receiver operator characteristic curve and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to distinguish the efficacy of the nutritional tools prediction model.Results: According to the GLIM criteria, the prevalence of malnutrition among the study population was 34.9%. The adjusted HR of overall mortality was 2.91 (2.39 - 3.54, p < 0.001) for malnutrition versus well-nourished. In sensitivity analyses, the HR remained robust except the cardiovascular disease subgroup. The area under the curve of GLIM predicting 5-year mortality was 0.65 (0.62-0.68, p < 0.001). As a complex model for forecast the long-term mortality, the performance of adjusted factors combined with GLIM was poorer than combined malnutrition inflammation score (MIS) (IDI >0, p < 0.001), but fitter than combined geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) (IDI <0, p < 0.001).Conclusions: The GLIM criteria provide a viable tool for nutritional assessment in patients with PD, and malnutrition defined according to the GLIM can predict prognosis with an acceptable performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Pingxiang People’s Hospital, Pingxiang, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Pingxiang People’s Hospital, Pingxiang, China
| | - Xiaoran Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Jiujiang First People’s Hospital, Jiujiang, China
| | - Fengping Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Jiujiang First People’s Hospital, Jiujiang, China
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Yuan Y, Zhao J, Liu Q, Liu Y, Liu Y, Tian X, Qiao W, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Chen L. Human milk sphingomyelin: Function, metabolism, composition and mimicking. Food Chem 2024; 447:138991. [PMID: 38520905 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Human milk, which contains various nutrients, is the "gold standard" for infant nutrition. Healthy human milk meets all the nutritional needs of early infant development. Polar lipids mainly exist in the milk fat globule membrane, accounting for approximately 1-2% of human milk lipids; sphingomyelin (SM) accounts for approximately 21-24% of polar lipids. SM plays an important role in promoting the development of the brain and nervous system, regulating intestinal flora, and improving skin barriers. Though SM could be synthesized de novo, SM nutrition from dietary is also important for infants. The content and composition of SM in human milk has been reported, however, the molecular mechanisms of nutritional functions of SM for infants required further research. This review summarizes the functional mechanisms, metabolic pathways, and compositional, influencing factors, and mimicking of SM in human milk, and highlights the challenges of improving maternal and infant early/long-term nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Junying Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Yan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Yan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Weicang Qiao
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China
| | - Yanpin Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China.
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Shi J, Liu Y, Xu YJ. MS based foodomics: An edge tool integrated metabolomics and proteomics for food science. Food Chem 2024; 446:138852. [PMID: 38428078 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Foodomics has become a popular methodology in food science studies. Mass spectrometry (MS) based metabolomics and proteomics analysis played indispensable roles in foodomics research. So far, several methodologies have been developed to detect the metabolites and proteins in diets and consumers, including sample preparation, MS data acquisition, annotation and interpretation. Moreover, multiomics analysis integrated metabolomics and proteomics have received considerable attentions in the field of food safety and nutrition, because of more comprehensive and deeply. In this context, we intended to review the emerging strategies and their applications in MS-based foodomics, as well as future challenges and trends. The principle and application of multiomics were also discussed, such as the optimization of data acquisition, development of analysis algorithm and exploration of systems biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong-Jiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Pouzou JG, Zagmutt FJ. Guidelines to restrict consumption of red meat to under 350 g/wk based on colorectal cancer risk are not consistent with health evidence. Nutrition 2024; 122:112395. [PMID: 38492553 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Nordic Nutrition Recommendations of 2023 (NNR2023) incorporate sustainability, health, and nutrition in their food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs). NNR2023 recommends a consumption of ≤350 g/wk of unprocessed red meat (RM) based on association with colorectal cancer (CRC). This recommendation is lower than other FBDGs such as the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) recommendation it is based on (350-500 g/wk). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the empirical evidence and models cited by the NNR2023 to support the RM guidance. METHODS We fitted least-assumption (LA) dose-response (DR) models to the studies included in two systematic reviews (SRs) selected by NNR2023 on the RM and CRC association. We compared them against six parametric models reported in the two SRs. We evaluated the statistical significance of modeled relative risks (RR) at different consumption levels. RESULTS Twenty-one studies (20,604,188 patient-years) were analyzed. We found no significant association (RR = 1.04, 0.99-1.09) between 350g/wk of RM and CRC using the LA models, in agreement with the least restrictive models reported by Lescinsky et al., 2022 (RR = 1.11[0.89-1.38]) and WCRF (RR= 1.01[0.96-1.07]). The association was significant at 350 g/wk only under restricting assumptions such as monotonicity RR=1.3[1.01-1.64], and linearity RR = 1.06 [1.00-1.12]. No significant empirical association is observed under 567 g/wk based on evidence used by NNR2023. CONCLUSIONS The sources cited by NNR2023 do not support a consumption restriction of ≤350 g/wk of RM due to CRC, and other studies omitted by NNR2023 do not support association between RM and CRC. We show that model assumptions rather than empirical evidence drive this recommendation. Model uncertainty should be explicitly incorporated in FBDGs.
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Hetherington MM, Thomas JM, McLeod CJ. "I see it very much as an end-of-life food" - Barriers to oral nutritional supplement adherence, views from healthy older adults. Appetite 2024; 197:107327. [PMID: 38555018 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Malnutrition affects approximately one quarter of UK adults aged 65 years and over. As the global demographic shift continues, malnutrition is expected to increase. Oral nutritional supplements (ONS) are used both to prevent and to treat malnutrition. However, their effectiveness is compromised by poor adherence, and it is not well understood what contributes to this. Therefore, the current research was designed to explore ONS adherence from the parallel perspectives of ONS as a prescribed "medication" and as a food supplement/substitute. Eighteen older adults (13F, 5M; mean age = 73.4 yr; range: 70-80 yr) participated in focus groups (three in-person and one online), to investigate experiences of taking prescribed medications, including dietary supplements, and what should be factors to consider in supporting regular intake of ONS for trial development, as well as any potential improvements to products. Focus group sessions were recorded and then transcribed. Thematic Analysis was applied to the transcripts by the first author, and themes were discussed in depth, using exemplar quotes from participants. Five dominant themes were identified from the data: Disgust, Palatability and Acceptance; End-of-Life Care; Resistance to Medicines; Rituals and Reminders; and Real Food Displacement. Nutritional supplements were characterised as "disgusting", "manufactured", and associated with serious, chronic illness, as well as end-of-life care, in contrast to probiotics which were linked with health and wellness. The sweet taste of ONS was identified as a barrier to intake, given that it is generally associated with a signal to stop eating, and low hunger. As a group, participants tried to "avoid taking medicines", and viewed the need to have them negatively, yet most regularly took prescribed medication and/or vitamin supplements. Participants identified several, rituals and reminders to take medicines, including meal-based, or time-of-day-based prompts (e.g., before, with or after meals). To improve adherence, savoury products were suggested, as well as a more person-centred approach to individual nutritional needs and preferences. Overall, the group discussion mainly identified barriers to intake, but that improving taste, adding to "real food" (not replacing meals), and offering variety of flavour and form (e.g., savoury soups as well as sweet drinks) could be included in future trials to improve appeal and therefore intake. Future work should continue to explore how best to formulate, market and/or prescribe ONS, and how this might vary for malnutrition prevention vs treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason M Thomas
- School of Psychology, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Chris J McLeod
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
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King A, Kwan K, Jukic I, Zinn C, Helms E. Fueling for and recovering from resistance training: The periworkout nutrition practices of competitive powerlifters. Nutrition 2024; 122:112389. [PMID: 38428220 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nutrient timing is a concept that emphasizes the intentional ingestion of whole or fortified foods, and dietary supplements, to adequately fuel for, and recover from, acute and chronic exercise. The nutrition strategies used by powerlifters around training sessions have not, to our knowledge, been previously investigated. This study explored the self-reported periworkout (before, during, and after) nutrition practices of competitive powerlifters, including what, why, and information source that informed practice, with comparison to current sport nutrition guidelines. METHODS Actively competing male (n = 240) and female (n = 65) powerlifters completed a cross-sectional online survey of self-reported periworkout nutrition practices in the pre-, intra-, and postexercise periods, fasted training, and supplementation. Data are presented as the number (n) and percentage (%) of all powerlifters practicing a given strategy followed by a % of responses reporting various practices or beliefs within this strategy. Categorical subgroups (sex, age, and weight class; and competitive caliber) were analyzed with a chi-square test or Fisher's exact test and denoted where significant (P ≤ 0.05). RESULTS Most powerlifters reported paying specific attention to nutrition practices in the pre-exercise period (n = 261; 85.6%) by ingesting more carbohydrate (CHO) rich foods (n = 234; 89.6%) for the purpose of assisting in training performance (n = 222; 85.1%). Most powerlifters reported intraexercise nutrition strategies (n = 211; 69.2%), of which most included ingesting more CHO rich foods (n = 159; 74.5%) for the purpose of feeling less hungry and/or boosting energy levels during training (n = 129; 61.1%). Most powerlifters reported paying attention to postexercise nutrition (n = 244; 80%), by ingesting more protein rich foods (n = 182; 74.6%) for the purpose of recovering better for the whole day (n = 152; 62.3%) and enhancing the benefits of training (n = 149; 61.1%). Most powerlifters did not complete training sessions in the fasted state (n = 262; 85.9%). Most powerlifters reported paying attention to supplementation before training (n = 237; 77.7%), of which preworkout formulas (n = 137; 57.8%), energy drinks (n = 101; 42.6%), creatine (n = 88; 37.1%), and caffeine pills (n = 70; 29.5%) were most reported. Supplementation was used to assist in training performance (n = 197; 83.1%) and increase wakefulness/alertness (n = 183; 77.2%). Males reported more often than females that they informed multiple elements of their nutrition practices with the information they read or watched somewhere (P = 0.002-0.012). CONCLUSION The periworkout nutrition practices used by competitive powerlifters followed current sport nutrition guidelines, by using CHO sources to fuel for training and ensuring the provision of protein postexercise. Competitive powerlifters may wish to exert caution with supplementation, as there is a risk of harm or inadvertent doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew King
- Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Kedric Kwan
- Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ivan Jukic
- Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Caryn Zinn
- Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Eric Helms
- Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
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Smith R, Methven L, Clegg ME, Geny A, Ueland Ø, Synnøve Grini I, Helgesdotter Rognså G, Maitre I, Brasse C, Van Wymelbeke-Delannoy V, Sulmont-Rossé C. Older adults' acceptability of and preferences for food-based protein fortification in the UK, France and Norway. Appetite 2024; 197:107319. [PMID: 38514019 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Research suggests that as we age, protein intake, recognised as vital for combating negative health outcomes, consistently falls below recommendations in older adults. Decreased food intake, combined with age-related eating complications is a major determinant of this protein undernutrition. If nutritional interventions are to be effective and sustainable, they must enable eating pleasure, cater for personal preferences and be adaptable to different eating patterns. As such, we aimed to identify successful strategies for at-home protein-fortification to empower older adults to take a personalised approach to their nutrition, without requiring a large behavioural change. To explore healthy older adults' (age 70+) acceptability and preferences for at-home protein fortification, European project Fortiphy led discussions with older adults (n = 37) and caregivers of older adults (n = 15) to develop high-protein recipes, which were then utilised in a home-use trial with healthy older adults (n = 158). Each fortified recipe was paired with a questionnaire to rate the ease of preparation and liking, and an end-of-study questionnaire was provided to capture overall opinions and preferences. The uniqueness of this study is that the protein fortified recipes were prepared and tested by older adults themselves, in their own homes. Findings showed that older adults were unaware of the importance of protein in ageing and did not have a desire to fortify their foods at present. Yet, they were positive regarding the concept and highlighted the importance of taste, familiar ingredients, and preferred preparation methods. Cultural preferences across countries were identified as having the most influence on the liking of fortified meals. This study also indicated a need for increased awareness of protein requirements to influence the motivation to use fortification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Smith
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK.
| | - Lisa Methven
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK.
| | - Miriam E Clegg
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Alexia Geny
- Centre des Sciences Du Goût et de L'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | | | | | | | - Isabelle Maitre
- GRAPPE, Ecole Supérieure des Agricultures, USC 1422, INRAE, 49007, Angers, France
| | - Céline Brasse
- GRAPPE, Ecole Supérieure des Agricultures, USC 1422, INRAE, 49007, Angers, France
| | - Virginie Van Wymelbeke-Delannoy
- Centre des Sciences Du Goût et de L'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France; CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Unité de Recherche Pôle Personnes Âgées, Dijon, France
| | - Claire Sulmont-Rossé
- Centre des Sciences Du Goût et de L'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
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Vuong KT, Vega MR, Casey L, Swartz SJ, Srivaths P, Osborne SW, Rhee CJ, Arikan AA, Joseph C. Clearance and nutrition in neonatal continuous kidney replacement therapy using the Carpediem™ system. Pediatr Nephrol 2024; 39:1937-1950. [PMID: 38231233 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-023-06237-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infants with kidney failure (KF) demonstrate poor growth partly due to obligate fluid and protein restrictions. Delivery of liberalized nutrition on continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) is impacted by clinical instability, technical dialysis challenges, solute clearance, and nitrogen balance. We analyzed delivered nutrition and growth in infants receiving CKRT with the Cardio-Renal, Pediatric Dialysis Emergency Machine (Carpediem™). METHODS Single-center observational study of infants receiving CKRT with the Carpediem™ between June 1 and December 31, 2021. We collected prospective circuit characteristics, delivered nutrition, anthropometric measurements, and illness severity Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-II. As a surrogate to normalized protein catabolic rate in maintenance hemodialysis, we calculated normalized protein nitrogen appearance (nPNA) using the Randerson II continuous dialysis model. Descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation coefficient, Mann Whitney, Wilcoxon signed rank, receiver operating characteristic curves, and Kruskal-Wallis analysis were performed using SAS version 9.4. RESULTS Eight infants received 31.9 (22.0, 49.7) days of CKRT using mostly (90%) regional citrate anticoagulation. Delivered nutritional volume, protein, total calories, enteral calories, nPNA, and nitrogen balance increased on CKRT. Using parenteral nutrition, 90 ml/kg/day should meet caloric and protein needs. Following initial weight loss of likely fluid overload, exploratory sensitivity analysis suggests weight gain occurred after 14 days of CKRT. Despite adequate nutritional delivery, goal weight (z-score = 0) and growth velocity were not achieved until 6 months after CKRT start. Most (5 infants, 62.5%) survived and transitioned to peritoneal dialysis (PD). CONCLUSIONS Carpediem™ is a safe and efficacious bridge to PD in neonatal KF. Growth velocity of infants on CKRT appears delayed despite delivery of adequate calories and protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim T Vuong
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Molly R Vega
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lauren Casey
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sarah J Swartz
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Poyyapakkam Srivaths
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Scott W Osborne
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher J Rhee
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ayse Akcan Arikan
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Catherine Joseph
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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Wand H, Naidoo S, Govender V, Reddy T, Moodley J. Preventing Stunting in South African Children Under 5: Evaluating the Combined Impacts of Maternal Characteristics and Low Socioeconomic Conditions. J Prev (2022) 2024; 45:339-355. [PMID: 38416314 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-024-00766-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
More than 140 million children under five suffered from stunting in 2020. This highlights the ongoing challenge of addressing childhood malnutrition globally. We utilized data from a nationally representative sample of children under five years of age (n = 14,151) who participated in five cycles of the South African National Income Dynamics Study (SA-NIDS) (2008-2017). We estimated the proportion of stunted children attributed to the mothers' anthropometric characteristics and socioeconomic conditions. We also quantified the population-level burden of low-socioeconomic conditions on hunger/food insecurity among pregnant women (n = 22,814) who participated in the nine rounds of the South African General Household Surveys (GHS) (2008-2021). Results from weighted-multivariate logistic regression were incorporated into the population-level impacts of correlates of stunting and low-socioeconomic conditions. The prevalence of stunting declined from 25% in 2008 to 23% in 2017. Mothers' anthropometric measures (underweight/height < 160 cm), marital status, low education, absence of medical insurance and low-socioeconomic conditions were all identified as the most influential risk factors for stunting. Their population-level impacts on stunting increased substantially from 34% (in 2008) to 65% (in 2017). Comprehensive strategies emphasizing enhanced food security, extended breastfeeding, appropriate nutrition, and access to adequate healthcare and education are urgently needed to reduce the burden of food insecurity low-socioeconomic, malnutrition, and its long-term consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handan Wand
- Biostatistics and Databases Program, Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Kirby Institute Level 6, Wallace Wurth Building, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | | | | | - Tarylee Reddy
- Biostatistics Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Durban, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
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12
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Zhang L, Cui Y, Xu J, Qian J, Yang X, Chen X, Zhang C, Gao P. Ecotoxicity and trophic transfer of metallic nanomaterials in aquatic ecosystems. Sci Total Environ 2024; 924:171660. [PMID: 38490428 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Metallic nanomaterials (MNMs) possess unique properties that have led to their widespread application in fields such as electronics and medicine. However, concerns about their interactions with environmental factors and potential toxicity to aquatic life have emerged. There is growing evidence suggesting MNMs can have detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems, and are potential for bioaccumulation and biomagnification in the food chain, posing risks to higher trophic levels and potentially humans. While many studies have focused on the general ecotoxicity of MNMs, fewer have delved into their trophic transfer within aquatic food chains. This review highlights the ecotoxicological effects of MNMs on aquatic systems via waterborne exposure or dietary exposure, emphasizing their accumulation and transformation across the food web. Biomagnification factor (BMF), the ratio of the contaminant concentration in predator to that in prey, was used to evaluate the biomagnification due to the complex nature of aquatic food chains. However, most current studies have BMF values of less than 1 indicating no biomagnification. Factors influencing MNM toxicity in aquatic environments include nanomaterial properties, ion variations, light, dissolved oxygen, and pH. The multifaceted interactions of these variables with MNM toxicity remain to be fully elucidated. We conclude with recommendations for future research directions to mitigate the adverse effects of MNMs in aquatic ecosystems and advocate for a cautious approach to the production and application of MNMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Zhang
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yifei Cui
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jingran Qian
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yang
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaoni Chen
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
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13
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Turck D. Impact of iodine supply in infancy and childhood. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2024; 27:259-265. [PMID: 38547335 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000001036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To assess the most relevant articles on the impact of iodine supply in at-risk populations, namely infants and young children, pregnant and lactating women. RECENT FINDINGS The 2022 Iodine Global Network Annual Report confirmed the dramatic decrease of severe iodine deficiency over the last 30 years, thanks to universal iodine iodization. However, mild to moderate deficiency is still present in many countries, where recent data showed a decrease of iodine intake and an impairment of iodine status. Unfortunately, there is yet no validated biomarker to classify the iodine status at the individual level. Available data show that there is no clear evidence to link mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency to adverse health outcomes in pregnant and lactating women as well as in infants and children. The description of a negative impact of maternal iodine excess on neurodevelopment of infants is of concern. SUMMARY Optimization of salt iodization (e.g. careful increase in iodine concentration in salt, use by food industry in processed foods) combined with targeted, personalized supplementation under medical supervision if needed (e.g. low intake of iodine rich foods, vegan diet) seems currently preferable to blanket supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Turck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Lille, Lille, France
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14
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Benna-Doyle S, Baguley BJ, Laing E, Kiss N. Nutritional interventions during treatment for ovarian cancer: A narrative review and recommendations for future research. Maturitas 2024; 183:107938. [PMID: 38367367 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.107938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Most women with ovarian cancer are diagnosed at an advanced stage (stage III or IV), when the intraabdominal spread of the tumour impacts nutrient intake and absorption. Up to 70 % of women with ovarian cancer are malnourished and approximately 40 % are affected by muscle loss at the time of diagnosis. Women with ovarian cancer are at high risk of nutritional decline due to invasive treatment and the severity of side-effects. This review explores the evidence evaluating nutritional interventions during treatment for ovarian cancer and their effect on nutritional status, muscle mass, and clinical outcomes. Perioperative immunonutrition has been investigated with mixed results for immediate postoperative outcomes. Individualised nutrition counselling as part of a multimodal prehabilitation programme prior to surgery shows promising results; however, the effects are limited by sample size. Nutrition counselling as part of a mixed intervention with exercise shows high acceptability and suggests improvements in dietary intake and quality of life during chemotherapy treatment, while oral nutritional supplements and nutrition education appear to reduce symptom burden. Individualised nutrition counselling during treatment also appears to be associated with improved overall survival; however, the evidence is limited to a single retrospective study. A key finding from this review is that, despite the high prevalence of malnutrition and muscle loss in women with ovarian cancer and the critical importance of addressing these modifiable prognostic factors, nutrition intervention studies are limited. Prospective studies with samples large enough to provide adequate power to evaluate intervention effectiveness are urgently required to inform optimal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Benna-Doyle
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20001, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Brenton J Baguley
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20001, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Erin Laing
- Peter McCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Nicole Kiss
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20001, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
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15
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Jiang X, Xiang J, Yang M, Liu W, Lin G, Chen F, Wang W, Duan G, Jing S, Bao X. Predictive Role of Preoperative Nutritional Status on Early Postoperative Outcomes in Different-Aged Patients Undergoing Heart Valve Surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2024; 38:1169-1180. [PMID: 38423886 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2024.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The authors sought to elucidate the role and predictive effects of preoperative nutritional status on postoperative outcomes across different age groups undergoing heart valve surgery. DESIGN A retrospective study with intergroup comparison, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and logistic regression analysis. SETTING A hospital affiliated with a medical university. PARTICIPANTS Three thousand nine hundred five patients undergoing heart valve surgery between October 2016 and December 2020. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Patients were categorized into 3 age subgroups: young (aged 18-44 years), middle-aged (aged 45-59 years), and older (aged ≥60 years) adults. The Nutritional Risk Index (NRI), Prognostic Nutritional Index, and Controlling Nutritional Status scores were evaluated. Young adults with an NRI <99 experienced a significantly higher rate of prolonged intensive care unit stay (28.3% v 4.1%, p < 0.001), with a relative risk of 4.58 (95% CI: 2.04-10.27). Similarly, young adults with an NRI <97 had a significantly increased occurrence of mortality within 30 days after surgery (6.3% v 0.2%, p < 0.001), with a relative risk of 41.11 (95% CI: 3.19-529.48). CONCLUSIONS In patients who undergo heart valve surgery, early postoperative outcomes can be influenced by nutritional status before the surgery. In the young-adult group, NRI <99 and NRI <97 effectively could predict prolonged intensive care unit stay and 30-day mortality, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetao Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoyun Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guangyou Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sheng Jing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohang Bao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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16
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Omar OM, Tayel DI, Saleh RM, Ramadan MA. The malnutrition screening tool STRONGKIDS performed better than other screening tools for children hospitalised in Egypt. Acta Paediatr 2024; 113:1006-1012. [PMID: 38291548 DOI: 10.1111/apa.17123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
AIM To compare the accuracy of three different screening tools, namely, the Paediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS), Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics (STAMP), and Screening Tool for Risk on Nutritional Status and Growth (STRONGKIDS), in assessing malnutrition risk in hospitalised children. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 children aged 6 months to 15 years at Alexandria University Children's Hospital, Egypt. The sensitivity and specificity of each tool were calculated to detect acute and chronic malnutrition, and an agreement test was conducted between the nutritional screening tools. The patients were classified into different nutritional risk groups, and their classification was compared with anthropometric measures and clinical variables, such as the length of hospital stay (LOS). RESULTS The prevalence of stunting and wasting on admission was found to be 3% and 6.6%, respectively. Children categorised as high-risk on admission had a longer LOS than those at low risk. The agreement test between the STAMP score and STRONGKIDS score on admission showed the most significant agreement, and STRONGKIDS had the best accuracy in detecting acute and chronic malnutrition. CONCLUSION The comparison of the three screening tools revealed that STRONGKIDS exhibited the best accuracy in detecting acute and chronic malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omneya Magdy Omar
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Dalia I Tayel
- Department of Nutrition, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Radwa Mohamed Saleh
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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17
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Öz N, Gezer HH, Cilli Hayıroğlu S, Duruöz MT. Evaluation of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) as a tool for assessing disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Clin Rheumatol 2024; 43:1461-1467. [PMID: 38466500 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-024-06927-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease of unknown exact cause, characterized by chronic inflammation. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), reflecting albumin concentration and lymphocyte count, is a newly established inflammation-based nutritional score. This study aimed to determine the relationship between PNI and disease activity in RA patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study included 138 RA patients who met the 2010 revised criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) for RA. PNI was calculated using the following formula: 10 × serum albumin value (g/dL) + 0.005 × total lymphocyte count in the peripheral blood (per mm3). The study population was divided into two groups: DAS28-ESR ≤ 3.2 (group 1 with remission and low disease activity) and DAS28-ESR > 3.2 (group 2 with moderate and high disease activity). RESULTS A total of 138 patients with a mean age of 52.1 years were recruited. While the female gender was more prevalent in both groups, it was significantly higher in group 2 (p < 0.05). Group 2 exhibited a lower PNI compared to those in group 1 (42.17 ± 3.46 vs. 44.02 ± 2.92; p = 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that PNI was an independent predictor of disease activity (OR, 0.850; 95% CI, 0.735-0.983; p = 0.029). ROC curve analysis determined that the optimal cutoff value of PNI for disease activity was 43.01, with a sensitivity of 69.1% and specificity of 57.7% (AUC, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.57-0.75, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that the simple and readily available PNI could serve as an independent predictor of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Key Points •The relationship between disease activity and the prognostic nutritional index, which is a nutritional indicator, in rheumatoid arthritis patients was investigated. •It has been shown that there is a connection between low PNI and high disease activity. •It has been shown that PNI can be used to evaluate disease severity with a simple calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuran Öz
- Rheumatology Division, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Marmara University School of Medicine, Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu Street, No 10, 34899, Istanbul, Türkiye.
| | - Halise Hande Gezer
- Rheumatology Division, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Marmara University School of Medicine, Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu Street, No 10, 34899, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Selin Cilli Hayıroğlu
- Rheumatology Division, Istanbul Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Tuncay Duruöz
- Rheumatology Division, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Marmara University School of Medicine, Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu Street, No 10, 34899, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Prado CM, Batsis JA, Donini LM, Gonzalez MC, Siervo M. Sarcopenic obesity in older adults: a clinical overview. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024; 20:261-277. [PMID: 38321142 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00943-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenic obesity is characterized by a concurrent decline in muscle mass and function, along with increased adipose tissue. Sarcopenic obesity is a growing concern in older adults owing to significant health consequences, including implications for mortality, comorbidities and risk of developing geriatric syndromes. A 2022 consensus statement established a new definition and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity. The pathophysiology of this condition involves a complex interplay between muscle, adipose tissue, hormonal changes, inflammation, oxidative stress and lifestyle factors, among others. Sarcopenic obesity is treated with a range of management approaches, such as lifestyle interventions, exercise, nutrition and medical therapies. Emerging therapies that were developed for treating other conditions may be relevant to sarcopenic obesity, including novel pharmacological agents and personalized approaches such as precision medicine. In this Review, we synthesize the current knowledge of the clinical importance of sarcopenic obesity, its assessment and diagnosis, along with current and emerging management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla M Prado
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - John A Batsis
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, and Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lorenzo M Donini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Cristina Gonzalez
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Food, Pelotas, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Mario Siervo
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Dementia Centre of Excellence, enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Slee A, Reid J. Exercise and nutrition interventions for renal cachexia. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2024; 27:219-225. [PMID: 38386361 PMCID: PMC10990023 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000001022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Renal cachexia is a deleterious condition characterized by weight loss, muscle wasting and loss of physical function, quality of life, and increased mortality. Multimodal treatment strategies utilizing exercise and nutrition interventions have been recently suggested although the evidence base is still in its infancy. This paper aimed to review the current literature surrounding the use of exercise and nutrition for renal cachexia. MAIN FINDINGS Evidence from systematic reviews and narrative reviews indicates that resistance training (RT) is proven to have beneficial effects on improving muscle strength and in some cases physical function, although effects on muscle mass are mixed and inconclusive. Further, combined RT and aerobic training (AT) may have also beneficial effects on overall functional capacity and there appears to be no superior mode of protocol (inter/intra-dialysis vs. home-based). For nutrition, there is new data from systematic review of studies indicating that oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) may have beneficial effects on nutritional status (e.g. body mass index, plasma albumin and handgrip strength). Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in haemodialysis patients from two recent systematic reviews, and evidence from other populations groups indicate they may be beneficial for improving muscle mass and strength. SUMMARY Evidence is accumulating for individual exercise and nutrition components but specific multimodal treatment studies in renal cachexia need to be urgently undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Slee
- Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London (UCL)
| | - Joanne Reid
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast (QUB), Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
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Winderlich J, Little B, Oberender F, Farrell T, Jenkins S, Landorf E, Menzies J, O'Brien K, Rowe C, Sim K, van der Wilk M, Woodgate J, Udy AA, Ridley EJ. Dietitian and nutrition-related practices and resources in Australian and New Zealand PICUs: A clinician survey. Aust Crit Care 2024; 37:490-494. [PMID: 37169654 DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recommendations to facilitate evidence-based nutrition provision for critically ill children exist and indicate the importance of nutrition in this population. Despite these recommendations, it is currently unknown how well Australian and New Zealand (ANZ) paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) are equipped to provide nutrition care. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this project were to describe the dietitian and nutrition-related practices and resources in ANZ PICUs. METHODS A clinician survey was completed as a component of an observational study across nine ANZ PICUs in June 2021. The online survey comprised 31 questions. Data points included reporting on dietetics resourcing, local feeding-related guidelines and algorithms, nutrition screening and assessment practices, anthropometry practices, and indirect calorimetry (IC) device availability and local technical expertise. Data are presented as frequency (%), mean (standard deviation), or median (interquartile range). RESULTS Survey responses were received from all nine participating sites. Dietetics staffing per available PICU bed ranged from 0.01 to 0.07 full-time equivalent (median: 0.03 [interquartile range: 0.02-0.04]). Nutrition screening was established in three (33%) units, all of which used the Paediatric Nutrition Screening Tool. Dietitians consulted all appropriate patients (or where capacity allowed) in six (66%) units and on a request or referral basis only in three (33%) units. All units possessed a local feeding guideline or algorithm. An IC device was available in two (22%) PICUs and was used in one of these units. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to describe the dietitian and nutrition-related practices and resources of ANZ PICUs. Areas for potential improvement include dietetics full-time equivalent, routine nutrition assessment, and access to IC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacinta Winderlich
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash, University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Bridget Little
- Starship Child Health, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Felix Oberender
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tamara Farrell
- Nutrition & Dietetics Department, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Samantha Jenkins
- Nutrition and Dietetics, John Hunter Children's Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Emma Landorf
- Nutrition Department, Women's & Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Nutrition Department, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jessica Menzies
- Nutrition and Dietetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Katie O'Brien
- Department of Nutrition & Food Services, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Carla Rowe
- Nutrition & Dietetics, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Kirsten Sim
- Nutrition & Dietetics, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Melanie van der Wilk
- Nutrition & Dietetics Department, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jemma Woodgate
- Department of Dietetics & Foodservices, Children's Health Queensland Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrew A Udy
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash, University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Intensive Care and Hyperbaric Medicine, The Alfred, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Emma J Ridley
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash, University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Nutrition Department, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Zeidler J, Kutschan S, Dörfler J, Büntzel J, Huebner J. Impact of nutrition counseling on nutrition status in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radio- or radiochemotherapy: a systematic review. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 281:2195-2209. [PMID: 38175263 PMCID: PMC11023997 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-08375-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this systematic review, we included randomized controlled trials from 2004 to 2021 to determine the effect of individual dietary counseling for patients with head and neck cancer, specifically, nutritional outcome, morbidity, and quality of life (QOL), during and after chemo- and chemoradiotherapy. METHODS In October 2023, a systematic search was conducted searching five electronic databases (Embase, Cochrane, PsychInfo, CINAHL, and Medline) to find studies concerning the use and effectiveness of intensive nutritional care on head and neck cancer patients. RESULTS From all 2565 search results, 6 studies with 685 head and neck cancer patients were included in this systematic review. The patients were treated with radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy. The therapy concepts include intensive nutritional support from a dietician. Outcomes were nutritional status, body composition, quality of life, and adverse effect. All studies had low quality, high risk of bias, and reported heterogeneous results: some studies reported significant improved nutrition status, body composition and quality of life, while other studies did not find any changes concerning these endpoints. CONCLUSION Due to the very heterogeneous results and methodical limitations of the included studies, a clear statement regarding the effectiveness of intensive nutritional therapy of head and neck cancer patients is not possible. Further well-planned studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Zeidler
- Klinik Für Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie Und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
| | - Sabine Kutschan
- Klinik Für Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie Und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Jennifer Dörfler
- Klinik Für Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie Und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Jens Büntzel
- Klinik Für HNO-Erkrankungen, Südharz-Klinikum Nordhausen, Dr.-Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 99734, Nordhausen, Germany
| | - Jutta Huebner
- Klinik Für Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie Und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
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22
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Yepez CE, Anderson CE, Frost E, Whaley SE, Koleilat M. Sleep Duration Is Associated with Household Food Insecurity and Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake Among Women, Infants and Children Participating Children Ages 0-5. Am J Health Promot 2024; 38:492-502. [PMID: 38155440 DOI: 10.1177/08901171231225289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine associations between child and household characteristics and sleep duration among low-income children in Los Angeles County. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Survey data collected in 2017 and 2020 in Los Angeles County, California. SAMPLE Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) households with children ages 4-60 months. MEASURES Sleep duration for children 4-60 months old (less than recommended (LTR), recommended range, more than recommended (MTR)), household food insecurity (HFI), sociodemographics, and daily servings of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). ANALYSIS Multinomial logistic regression, stratified by child age, was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between household/child characteristics and LTR or MTR sleep compared to recommended duration among WIC participating children 4-60 months old. RESULTS The final sample included 3512 children ages 4-23 months and 6035 children ages 24-60 months. In the study population, 32% (3-5 years old) to 44% (4-11months) of children under 5 did not meet the recommended hours of sleep per night. HFI was associated with higher odds of LTR (OR 1.27, CI 1.12-1.45) and MTR (OR 1.46, CI 1.15-1.87) sleep among 24-60 month-old children. Each additional daily SSB serving was associated with higher odds of LTR sleep (4-23 months: OR 1.10, CI 1.02-1.19; 24-59 months: OR 1.12, CI 1.08-1.17). CONCLUSIONS HFI and SSB intake are associated with not getting the recommended amount of sleep among low-income WIC participating children. Nutrition assistance program participants may benefit from receiving information about recommended sleep duration for young children and how to establish sleep routines to optimize sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Yepez
- Public Health Foundation Enterprises (PHFE) WIC, a Program of Heluna Health, City of Industry, CA, USA
| | - Christopher E Anderson
- Public Health Foundation Enterprises (PHFE) WIC, a Program of Heluna Health, City of Industry, CA, USA
| | - Erin Frost
- Department of Public Health, College of Health and Human Development, California State University, Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - Shannon E Whaley
- Public Health Foundation Enterprises (PHFE) WIC, a Program of Heluna Health, City of Industry, CA, USA
| | - Maria Koleilat
- Department of Public Health, College of Health and Human Development, California State University, Fullerton, CA, USA
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23
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Bradshaw EL, Anderson JR, Banday MAJ, Basarkod G, Daliri-Ngametua R, Ferber KA, Henry D, Ryan RM. A Quantitative Meta-Analysis and Qualitative Meta-Synthesis of Aged Care Residents' Experiences of Autonomy, Being Controlled, and Optimal Functioning. Gerontologist 2024; 64:gnad135. [PMID: 37798134 PMCID: PMC11032117 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnad135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The poor mental health of adults living in aged care needs addressing. Improvements to nutrition and exercise are important, but mental health requires a psychological approach. Self-determination theory finds that autonomy is essential to wellbeing while experiences of being controlled undermine it. A review of existing quantitative data could underscore the importance of autonomy in aged care, and a review of the qualitative literature could inform ways to promote autonomy and avoid control. Testing these possibilities was the objective of this research. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a mixed-methods systematic review of studies investigating autonomy, control, and indices of optimal functioning in aged care settings. The search identified 30 eligible reports (19 quantitative, 11 qualitative), including 141 quantitative effect sizes, 84 qualitative data items, and N = 2,668. Quantitative effects were pooled using three-level meta-analytic structural equation models, and the qualitative data were meta-synthesized using a grounded theory approach. RESULTS As predicted, the meta-analysis showed a positive effect of aged care residents' autonomy and their wellness, r = 0.33 [95% CI: 0.27, 0.39], and a negative effect of control, r = -0.16 [95% CI: -0.27, -0.06]. The meta-synthesis revealed seven primary and three sub-themes describing the nuanced ways autonomy, control, and help seeking are manifest in residential aged care settings. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS The results suggest that autonomy should be supported, and unnecessary external control should be minimized in residential aged care, and we discuss ways the sector could strive for both aims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Bradshaw
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joel R Anderson
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ma A J Banday
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Strathfield, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Geetanjali Basarkod
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rafaan Daliri-Ngametua
- Faculty of Education and Arts, School of Education, Australian Catholic University, Banyo, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kelly A Ferber
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dylan Henry
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard M Ryan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
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24
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Xu X, Qi C, Xu S, Fu X, Li Z, Ren H, Qian Q, Guo S. Association between thiamine intake and depression: A national cross-sectional study. J Affect Disord 2024; 352:259-266. [PMID: 38367708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent years have seen increasing attention to improving depressive symptoms through dietary intakes, yet the association between thiamine intake and depression remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore this association using data from an American cross-sectional study. METHODS We explored the association of covariates, exposure, and outcome with logistic regression equations. Multivariable regression models were performed to further exclude confounding factors. To investigate nonlinear relationships, we employed restricted cubic splines. Recursive algorithms were utilized to identify inflection points. Additionally, we conducted stratified analyses by age and sex to uncover differences among subgroups. RESULTS When all covariates were adjusted, the association between thiamine intake and depression was not statistically significant [0.93 (0.82, 1.07)]. In the linear trend test using Q1 as the reference, the ORs (95%CI) for Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 0.87 (0.73, 1.04), 0.83 (0.68, 1.00), and 0.92 (0.73, 1.16), which suggested that the association might be nonlinear. We then confirmed this nonlinear relationship with a restricted cubic spline, and the inflection point of 1.35 mg/day was calculated. Before the inflection point, the effect value of the relationship was 0.68 (0.53, 0.89). After the inflection point, no significant association was found [1.10 (0.92, 1.31)]. Stratified analyses revealed that this nonlinear relationship was consistent among women and individuals aged <60 years. DISCUSSION In this cross-sectional study among American general adults, we found a nonlinear association between thiamine intake and depression and further observed differences by age and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Qi
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shuang Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xinhao Fu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Qian
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
| | - Shanshan Guo
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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25
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Boit TC, Melse-Boonstra A, Michaelsen KF, Roos N. Should we provide edible insects in children's diets? Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2024; 27:275-282. [PMID: 38456627 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000001029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diets low in animal-source foods or solely consisting of plant-based foods, hardly meet nutrition needs of children, exposing them to inadequate intake of essential nutrients. Thus, including edible insects in children's diets is relevant for meeting nutritional requirements, other potential health benefits, and building more sustainable food systems. Nutrition and health research on insects is novel and still limited. This review covers recently published research between April 2022 and November 2023 focusing on the relevance of including insects in children's diets. RECENT FINDINGS Insects provide protein, fat and micronutrients, and are generally nutritionally equivalent to animal-source foods. The protein and fat quality of edible insects varies depending on several factors. Insects also contain chitin which could potentially be beneficial for gut health. For insects to be considered suitable for inclusion in children's diet, they must be accepted. However, children who are unfamiliar with insects respond to them with curiosity and disgust. SUMMARY Insect farming can enhance their availability and consumption, potentially addressing nutrition gaps. Furthermore, transitioning from occasional to regular insect consumption requires actual exposure and integration into diets of insects. To affirm the nutrition and health potential of edible insects for children, well designed human studies are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tele Chepkoros Boit
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alida Melse-Boonstra
- Department of Human Nutrition & Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Kim F Michaelsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nanna Roos
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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26
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The Lancet Gastroenterology Hepatology. Addressing the evolving landscape of global malnutrition. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 9:393. [PMID: 38604191 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(24)00092-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
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27
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Zeng Y, Zhao L, Wang K, Renard CMGC, Le Bourvellec C, Hu Z, Liu X. A-type proanthocyanidins: Sources, structure, bioactivity, processing, nutrition, and potential applications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13352. [PMID: 38634188 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
A-type proanthocyanidins (PAs) are a subgroup of PAs that differ from B-type PAs by the presence of an ether bond between two consecutive constitutive units. This additional C-O-C bond gives them a more stable and hydrophobic character. They are of increasing interest due to their potential multiple nutritional effects with low toxicity in food processing and supplement development. They have been identified in several plants. However, the role of A-type PAs, especially their complex polymeric form (degree of polymerization and linkage), has not been specifically discussed and explored. Therefore, recent advances in the physicochemical and structural changes of A-type PAs and their functional properties during extraction, processing, and storing are evaluated. In addition, discussions on the sources, structures, bioactivities, potential applications in the food industry, and future research trends of their derivatives are highlighted. Litchis, cranberries, avocados, and persimmons are all favorable plant sources. Α-type PAs contribute directly or indirectly to human nutrition via the regulation of different degrees of polymerization and bonding types. Thermal processing could have a negative impact on the amount and structure of A-type PAs in the food matrix. More attention should be focused on nonthermal technologies that could better preserve their architecture and structure. The diversity and complexity of these compounds, as well as the difficulty in isolating and purifying natural A-type PAs, remain obstacles to their further applications. A-type PAs have received widespread acceptance and attention in the food industry but have not yet achieved their maximum potential for the future of food. Further research and development are therefore needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Zhuoyan Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuwei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Research Institute for Future Food, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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28
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Pena-Leon V, Perez-Lois R, Villalon M, Folgueira C, Barja-Fernández S, Prida E, Baltar J, Santos F, Fernø J, García-Caballero T, Nogueiras R, Quiñones M, Al-Massadi O, Seoane LM. Gastric GDF15 levels are regulated by age, sex, and nutritional status in rodents and humans. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:1139-1154. [PMID: 37955834 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02232-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
AIM Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a stress response cytokine that has been proposed as a relevant metabolic hormone. Descriptive studies have shown that plasma GDF15 levels are regulated by short term changes in nutritional status, such as fasting, or in obesity. However, few data exist regarding how GDF15 levels are regulated in peripheral tissues. The aim of the present work was to study the variations on gastric levels of GDF15 and its precursor under different physiological conditions, such as short-term changes in nutritional status or overfeeding achieved by HFD. Moreover, we also address the sex- and age-dependent alterations in GDF15 physiology. METHODS The levels of gastric and plasma GDF15 and its precursor were measured in lean and obese mice, rats and humans by western blot, RT-PCR, ELISA, immunohistochemistry and by an in vitro organ culture system. RESULTS Our results show a robust regulation of gastric GDF15 production by fasting in rodents. In obesity an increase in GDF15 secretion from the stomach is reflected with an increase in circulating levels of GDF15 in rats and humans. Moreover, gastric GDF15 levels increase with age in both rats and humans. Finally, gastric GDF15 levels display sexual dimorphism, which could explain the difference in circulating GFD15 levels between males and females, observed in both humans and rodents. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide clear evidence that gastric GDF15 is a critical contributor of circulating GDF15 levels and can explain some of the metabolic effects induced by GDF15.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pena-Leon
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Área de Endocrinología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R Perez-Lois
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Área de Endocrinología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Villalon
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Área de Endocrinología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - C Folgueira
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Área de Endocrinología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Barja-Fernández
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Área de Endocrinología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - E Prida
- Translational Endocrinology Group, Endocrinology Section, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (IDIS/CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Baltar
- Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, CHUS7SERGAS Santiago de Compostela, Rua R Baltar s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - F Santos
- Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, CHUS7SERGAS Santiago de Compostela, Rua R Baltar s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Fernø
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5201, Bergen, Norway
| | - T García-Caballero
- Departamento de Ciencias Morfologicas, Facultad de Medicina, USC, Complejo Hospitalario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R Nogueiras
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain, Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Quiñones
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Área de Endocrinología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain, Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - O Al-Massadi
- Translational Endocrinology Group, Endocrinology Section, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (IDIS/CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain, Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - L M Seoane
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Área de Endocrinología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain, Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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29
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Haynes LA, Casareno C, Fatema S, Augustyn M, Eppes E, Mclean M, Hennessey Z. "What Matters to You?": A Participant-Centered Approach to Needs Identification and Referral to Community Resources. Matern Child Health J 2024; 28:905-914. [PMID: 38113011 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-023-03865-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Referral to social and health services is a core process of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC). We evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a referral innovation implemented at two New York City WIC sites. This program aimed to improve retention by increasing WIC's perceived value by addressing unmet needs of WIC families. The two main components were needs assessment via conversation and a closed-loop referral process for WIC families with children aged 6-9 months and 18-21 months. DESIGN Referral outcomes from Unite Us and program data were tracked and assessed using descriptive univariate analyses. We conducted 29 in-depth interviews with caregivers and six focus groups with WIC and CBO staff. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic framework analysis. RESULTS From February 2020 through January 2021, 1,675 WIC caregivers participated in a conversation about their family's needs. Four hundred sixty-one caregivers were referred to at least one service. 95 received services or benefits. In interviews, caregivers viewed referrals to other services positively but were not aware WIC could address needs holistically. In focus groups, WIC staff liked the conversation script but highlighted barriers to making referrals. CBO partners valued network participation as it increased their reach to new families. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our approach facilitated targeted referrals for WIC participants. It is an acceptable enhancement of the WIC referral process with potential to strengthen WIC as a community provider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Haynes
- Public Health Solutions, 40 Worth Street, 4th Floor, 10013, New York, NY, USA
| | - Camille Casareno
- Public Health Solutions, 40 Worth Street, 4th Floor, 10013, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Soalihin Fatema
- Public Health Solutions, 40 Worth Street, 4th Floor, 10013, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Elisabet Eppes
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mireille Mclean
- Public Health Solutions, 40 Worth Street, 4th Floor, 10013, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zachariah Hennessey
- Public Health Solutions, 40 Worth Street, 4th Floor, 10013, New York, NY, USA
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30
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Peng L, Zhang L, Xiong S, You J, Liu R, Xu D, Huang Q, Ma H, Yin T. A comprehensive review of the mechanisms on fish stress affecting muscle qualities: Nutrition, physical properties, and flavor. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13336. [PMID: 38558497 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Fish inevitably face numerous stressors in growth, processing, and circulation. In recent years, stress-related change in fish muscle quality has gradually become a research hotspot. Thus, the understanding of the mechanism regarding the change is constantly deepening. This review introduces the physiological regulation of fish under stress, with particular attention devoted to signal transduction, gene expression, and metabolism, and changes in the physiological characteristics of muscular cells. Then, the influences of various stressors on the nutrition, physical properties, and flavor of the fish muscle are sequentially described. This review emphasizes recent advances in the mechanisms underlying changes in muscle quality, which are believed to be involved mainly in physiological regulation under stress. In addition, studies are also introduced on improving muscle quality by mitigating fish stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Shanbai Xiong
- College of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan You
- College of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ru Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Defeng Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qilin Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huawei Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Processing & Storage of Characteristic and Advantage Aquatic Products from Guangxi, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Science, Nanning, China
| | - Tao Yin
- College of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Bernal N, Olivera J, Suhrcke M. The effects of social pensions on nutrition-related health outcomes of the poor: Quasi-experimental evidence from Peru. Health Econ 2024; 33:971-991. [PMID: 38282052 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
This paper exploits the discontinuity around a welfare index of eligibility to assess the impact of Peru's social pension program Pension 65 on nutrition-related health outcomes among elderly poor individuals. Overall, we find evidence of how a relatively inexpensive program can produce improvements in anemia and nutrition-related mortality risk markers. The effects appear to be driven by plausible underlying mechanisms, including via improved nutritional quality as well as greater food expenditures and healthcare utilization. These positive effects are only modestly countered by tentative signs of an increased obesity risk among women in the short term (<2 years), but not beyond this term. As the program evolves further, policymakers need to confront the challenge of continuing to ensure the health benefits in terms of reducing nutritional deficits while avoiding potential undesirable side effects in terms of over-nutrition in Peru. The findings may serve to highlight the wider benefits of similar pension policies for the poor also in other middle income countries, well beyond the immediate economic welfare effects that the policies have primarily been designed for.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Bernal
- Department of Economics, Universidad del Pacífico, Lima, Peru
- Netspar, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Javier Olivera
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Economics, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP), San Miguel, Peru
| | - Marc Suhrcke
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
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Gao Y, Ding Z, Liu Y, Xu YJ. Advances in encapsulation systems of Antarctic krill oil: From extraction to encapsulation, and future direction. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13332. [PMID: 38578167 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Antarctic krill oil (AKO) is highly sought after by consumers and the food industry due to its richness in a variety of nutrients and physiological activities. However, current extraction methods are not sufficient to better extract AKO and its nutrients, and AKO is susceptible to lipid oxidation during processing and storage, leading to nutrient loss and the formation of off-flavors and toxic compounds. The development of various extraction methods and encapsulation systems for AKO to improve oil yield, nutritional value, antioxidant capacity, and bioavailability has become a research hotspot. This review summarizes the research progress of AKO from extraction to encapsulation system construction. The AKO extraction mechanism, technical parameters, oil yield and composition of solvent extraction, aqueous enzymatic extraction, supercritical/subcritical extraction, and three-liquid-phase salting-out extraction system are described in detail. The principles, choice of emulsifier/wall materials, preparation methods, advantages and disadvantages of four common encapsulation systems for AKO, namely micro/nanoemulsions, microcapsules, liposomes and nanostructured lipid carriers, are summarized. These four encapsulation systems are characterized by high encapsulation efficiency, low production cost, high bioavailability and high antioxidant capacity. Depending on the unique advantages and conditions of different encapsulation methods, as well as consumer demand for health and nutrition, different products can be developed. However, existing AKO encapsulation systems lack relevant studies on digestive absorption and targeted release, and the single product category of commercially available products limits consumer choice. In conjunction with clinical studies of AKO encapsulation systems, the development of encapsulation systems for special populations should be a future research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhansheng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Jiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Kuhn L. Nutrition research in the ICU. Aust Crit Care 2024; 37:381-382. [PMID: 38631780 DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Kuhn
- Associate Professor in Nursing, Australian Catholic University; Chair (Nursing) Monash Emergency Research Collaborative, Monash Health; Member of the Editorial Board, Australian Critical Care (Elsevier)
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Miyazaki S, Tamaki A, Wakabayashi H, Arai H. Definition, diagnosis, and treatment of respiratory sarcopenia. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2024; 27:210-218. [PMID: 38126204 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000001003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Skeletal muscle weakness and wasting also occurs in the respiratory muscles, called respiratory sarcopenia. Respiratory sarcopenia may lead to worse clinical indicators and outcomes. We present a novel definition and diagnostic criteria for respiratory sarcopenia, summarize recent reports on the association between respiratory sarcopenia, physical and nutritional status, and clinical outcomes, and provide suggestions for the prevention and treatment of respiratory sarcopenia. RECENT FINDINGS Recently, a novel definition and diagnostic criteria for respiratory sarcopenia have been prepared. Respiratory sarcopenia is defined as a condition in which there is both low respiratory muscle strength and low respiratory muscle mass. Respiratory muscle strength, respiratory muscle mass, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass are used to diagnose respiratory sarcopenia. Currently, it is challenging to definitively diagnose respiratory sarcopenia due to the difficulty in accurately determining low respiratory muscle mass. Decreased respiratory muscle strength and respiratory muscle mass are associated with lower physical and nutritional status and poorer clinical outcomes. Exercise interventions, especially respiratory muscle training, nutritional interventions, and their combinations may effectively treat respiratory sarcopenia. Preventive interventions for respiratory sarcopenia are unclear. SUMMARY The novel definition and diagnostic criteria will contribute to promoting the assessment and intervention of respiratory sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akira Tamaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Hyogo Medical University, Kobe
| | - Hidetaka Wakabayashi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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Nishioka E, Iwata M, Kumai N, Matsumoto Y, Momoki C, Yasui Y, Habu D. Association between a malnutrition screening tool and mealtime observation checklist items in older people receiving oral intake support: A cross-sectional study of four long-term care facilities. Int J Older People Nurs 2024; 19:e12610. [PMID: 38618707 DOI: 10.1111/opn.12610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple nutritional screening tools are available for older people; however, few screening tools include specific eating behaviours as risk factors that could lead to poor food intake. The 24-item mealtime observation checklist (MOCL), developed by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in 2015, comprises signs, symptoms and conditions during mealtime that reflect eating and swallowing functions and oral conditions. OBJECTIVES To examine factors associated with malnutrition among the MOCL items in older people. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from a retrospective cohort study conducted at four long-term care facilities in Japan. Among the older people residing in the facilities, 198 who received oral intake support were included in the analyses. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA®-SF), and comparisons were made between 'malnutrition' and 'at-risk or well-nourished'. The association between each MOCL item and malnutrition was assessed using multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Of the 198 participants, 98 (49.5%) were classified as 'malnutrition', 98 (49.5%) as 'at-risk' and 2 (1%) as 'well-nourished' by MNA®-SF. After adjusting for participant characteristics such as age and sex, significant associations with malnutrition were observed for four items from the 24-item MOCL: 'Has fatigue due to extended mealtime (odds ratio [OR] = 3.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36-7.53)', 'Food residues in the oral cavity are conspicuous (OR = 2.77, 95% CI: 1.38-5.52)', 'Has difficulty swallowing food and takes time to swallow (OR = 3.78, 95% CI: 1.45-9.84)' and 'Assisted feeding is required (OR = 3.70, 95% CI: 1.73-7.91)'. CONCLUSIONS The four signs, symptoms and conditions during mealtime identified in this study may be associated with malnutrition in older people. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE These may indicate the potential eating problems that can lead to malnutrition. By incorporating them into early intervention and prevention measures, health care providers may help prevent malnutrition and improve the nutritional status of older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Nishioka
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mayumi Iwata
- Division of Home Care Support Services, Specified Nonprofit Corporation Noppo-no-Kai, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Noriko Kumai
- Department of Nutrition Management, Medical Corporation Iseikai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Matsumoto
- Department of Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chika Momoki
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University - Hirakata Campus, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Yoko Yasui
- Department of Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daiki Habu
- Department of Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
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Missong H, Joshi R, Khullar N, Thareja S, Navik U, Bhatti GK, Bhatti JS. Nutrient-epigenome interactions: Implications for personalized nutrition against aging-associated diseases. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 127:109592. [PMID: 38325612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Aging is a multifaceted process involving genetic and environmental interactions often resulting in epigenetic changes, potentially leading to aging-related diseases. Various strategies, like dietary interventions and calorie restrictions, have been employed to modify these epigenetic landscapes. A burgeoning field of interest focuses on the role of microbiota in human health, emphasizing system biology and computational approaches. These methods help decipher the intricate interplay between diet and gut microbiota, facilitating the creation of personalized nutrition strategies. In this review, we analysed the mechanisms related to nutritional interventions while highlighting the influence of dietary strategies, like calorie restriction and intermittent fasting, on microbial composition and function. We explore how gut microbiota affects the efficacy of interventions using tools like multi-omics data integration, network analysis, and machine learning. These tools enable us to pinpoint critical regulatory elements and generate individualized models for dietary responses. Lastly, we emphasize the need for a deeper comprehension of nutrient-epigenome interactions and the potential of personalized nutrition informed by individual genetic and epigenetic profiles. As knowledge and technology advance, dietary epigenetics stands on the cusp of reshaping our strategy against aging and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemi Missong
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Riya Joshi
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Naina Khullar
- Department of Zoology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Umashanker Navik
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India.
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
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Wu J, Cheng X, Yang H, Xiao S, Xu L, Zhang C, Huang W, Jiang C, Wang G. Geriatric nutritional risk index as a prognostic factor in elderly patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a propensity score-matched study. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:1627-1637. [PMID: 38177927 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03905-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI) is a simple and validated tool used to assess the nutritional status of elderly patients and predict the risk of short-term postoperative complications, as well as the long-term prognosis, after cancer surgery. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the predictive value of GNRI for the long-term postoperative prognosis in elderly patients with primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from 292 elderly patients with primary NMIBC. Using X-tile software, we divided the cohort into two groups based on GNRI and determined the cut-off value for postoperative recurrence-free survival (RFS). Propensity score matching (PSM) with a ratio of 1:3, Kaplan-Meier analysis, log-rank test, and COX proportional hazards regression were used to assess the correlation between GNRI and prognosis and identify factors predicting recurrence and progression. RESULTS In the entire cohort, the 3 year recurrence group had significantly lower GNRI compared to the 3 year non-recurrence group (P = 0.0109). The determined GNRI cut-off value was 93.82. After PSM, the low GNRI group had significantly lower RFS (P < 0.0001) and progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.0040) than the high GNRI group. Multivariate COX regression showed that GNRI independently predicted RFS (HR 2.108; 95% CI 1.266-3.512; P = 0.004) and PFS (HR 2.155; 95% CI 1.135-4.091; P = 0.019) in elderly patients with primary NMIBC. CONCLUSION Preoperative GNRI is a prognostic marker for disease recurrence and progression in elderly patients with primary NMIBC undergoing TURBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Wu
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaofeng Cheng
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Heng Yang
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Song Xiao
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Linhao Xu
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chunwen Jiang
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Gongxian Wang
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China.
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Harnack LJ, Oakes JM, Elbel B, Rydell SA, Lasswell TA, Mitchell NR, Valluri S, French SA. Effects of Inclusion of Food Purchase Restrictions and Incentives in a Food Benefit Program on Diet Quality and Food Purchasing: Results From a Randomized Trial. J Acad Nutr Diet 2024; 124:569-582.e3. [PMID: 38052304 PMCID: PMC11032229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is interest in reshaping the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) to better support family nutrition. OBJECTIVE The Grocery Assistance Program Study (GAPS) for Families evaluated the effects of prohibiting using program funds for the purchase of certain sugary foods on the nutritional quality of foods purchased and consumed by program participants. DESIGN A randomized experimental trial was carried out with participants randomized to one of three food benefit conditions. Baseline and follow-up measures collected included interviewer-administered 24-hour dietary recalls, food purchase receipts, food security, height, and weight. PARTICIPANT/SETTING Adult-child dyads in households eligible for SNAP but currently not enrolled were recruited from the Minneapolis/St Paul MN metropolitan area from May of 2018 through May of 2019. A total of 293 adult-child dyads received the intervention as allocated. Of these dyads, 233 adults completed follow-up measures and met criteria for inclusion in the analytic sample, resulting in an attrition rate of 20.5%. A total of 224 children completed follow-up measures and met criteria for inclusion in the analytic sample, resulting in an attrition rate of 23.5%. INTERVENTION Participants were randomized to 1 of 3 conditions: restriction (not allowed to buy sugar-sweetened beverages [SSB], sweet baked goods, or candy with program funds); restriction paired with incentive (30% incentive for fruits and vegetables [FV] purchased with funds); and control (funds provided with no restrictions or incentives). Funds were provided on a 4-week cycle for 20 weeks via a study-provided debit card. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 total score. Additional outcomes included selected HEI-2015 component scores; energy intake; food security; body weight; and purchasing of SSB, sweet baked goods, candies, fruits, and vegetables. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Linear regression analyses were conducted with change in the outcome regressed on treatment condition for the primary outcome analyses. RESULTS No differences were observed between conditions in change in the nutrition and food security measures examined. Purchases of SSB and sweet baked goods and candies significantly differed by experimental condition. Purchase of restricted foods was lower at follow-up in the restriction and restriction paired with incentive conditions compared with the control condition. For example, spending on SSB at follow-up was significantly lower in the restriction ($2.66/week) and restriction paired with incentive ($2.06/week) conditions in comparison with control condition ($4.44/week) (P < 0.0003 and P < 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study failed to find evidence in support of prohibiting the purchase of sugary foods with food program funds as a strategy to improve program participant nutrition, even when paired with an FV incentive. Research carried out in the context of the SNAP program is needed for a more robust evidence base.
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Wright L. Harnessing the Healing Power of Food: Why Registered Dietitian Nutritionists Must Lead the Food as Medicine Movement. J Acad Nutr Diet 2024; 124:557-558. [PMID: 38642954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
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İslamoğlu AH, Berkel G, Yildirim HS, Aktaç Ş, Bayram F, Sabuncular G, Güneş FE. Chewing difficulties, oral health, and nutritional status in adults with intellectual disabilities: A cross-sectional study. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 2024; 37:e13225. [PMID: 38504582 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chewing difficulty, poor oral health, inadequate and imbalanced nutrition are serious health problems in individuals with intellectual disabilities. The participants' chewing abilities, oral health and nutritional status were analysed in this study. METHODS Forty-five adult participants with intellectual disabilities were included. Anthropometric measurements, oral health assessments, chewing ability evaluations and dietary intake analyses were conducted. RESULTS A 56.8% of the participants were classified as overweight or obese. Teeth grinding was reported in 33.3% of the participants, while 40.0% experienced drooling. All participants with Down syndrome and 58.6% of the participants with developmental delay had chewing difficulties. Inadequate nutrient intake was observed and the fibre, vitamins B1, B3, B9, sodium, phosphorus and iron intakes were significantly lower than reference values in those with chewing difficulty (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Chewing difficulties were associated with lower intake of certain nutrients, highlighting the importance of addressing oral health and dietary counselling in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Hümeyra İslamoğlu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Marmara University, Faculty of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Gülcan Berkel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Clinical Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Hatice Selin Yildirim
- Department of Periodontics, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Clinical Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Şule Aktaç
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Marmara University, Faculty of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ferit Bayram
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Clinical Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Güleren Sabuncular
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Marmara University, Faculty of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Fatma Esra Güneş
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, İstanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
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Estrada-Moya F, González-Garay AG, Flores-López A, Serralde-Zúñiga AE. Total and segmental phase angle in a cohort of hospitalised patients with COVID-19: mortality prediction and changes throughout hospitalisation. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1397-1404. [PMID: 38149452 PMCID: PMC10950452 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Body composition and phase angle (PhA) have been used to predict mortality in multiple diseases. However, little has been studied regarding segmental measurements, which could potentially help assess subtle changes in specific tissue segments. This study aimed to identify the total PhA cut-off point associated with mortality risk and changes in body composition within a week of hospitalisation in non-critical hospitalised patients with COVID-19. A cohort study was conducted where patients underwent to a complete nutritional assessment upon admission and after seven days, and followed up until hospital discharge or death. A receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed to determine the PhA cut-off point, and the Kaplan–Meier estimator was used to determine survival analysis. Segmental and complete body compositions on admission and after 7 d were compared. We included 110 patients (60 men) with a mean age of 50·5 ± 15·0 years and a median BMI of 28·5 (IQR, 25·6–33·5) kg/m2. The median length of hospital stay was 6 (IQR, 4–9) d, and the mortality rate was 13·6 %. The PhA cut-off point obtained was 4°, with significant differences in the survival rate (P < 0·001) and mortality (HR = 5·81, 95 % CI: 1·80, 18·67, P = 0·003). Segmental and whole-body compositions were negatively affected within one week of hospitalisation, with changes in the approach by the graphical method in both sexes. Nutritional status deteriorates within a week of hospitalisation. PhA < 4° is strongly associated with increased mortality in non-critical hospitalised patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Estrada-Moya
- Servicio de Nutriología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional “Escuela Superior de Medicina”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Adriana Flores-López
- Servicio de Nutriología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Aurora E. Serralde-Zúñiga
- Servicio de Nutriología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Bandoni DH, Ottoni IC, Amorim ALB, Canella DS. It is time: free meals at schools for all. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1447-1451. [PMID: 38012852 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The link between school feeding programmes (SFP) and the promotion of healthy eating and health is being explored in studies performed in different countries. The coronavirus disease-19 pandemic has revealed flaws and weaknesses in contemporary food systems, with many school-age children experiencing food insecurity and hunger. There is intense debate among policymakers regarding whether government SFP should be universal or targeted. Countries such as Brazil and India, which have two of the most comprehensive universal free-of-charge programmes, have shown the benefits of SFP, including improved nutritional status, support for more sustainable food systems, attendance and academic performance. Evidence shows and supports actions advocating that it is time to offer healthy and free school meals for all students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Henrique Bandoni
- Nutrition and Food Service Research Center, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Laura Benevenuto Amorim
- Nutrition and Food Service Research Center, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil
- Metropolitan University of Santos, Santos, Brazil
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Shi J, Liu T, Liu C, Zhang H, Ruan G, Xie H, Lin S, Zheng X, Chen Y, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Li X, Liu X, Deng L, Shi HP. Remnant cholesterol is an effective biomarker for predicting survival in patients with breast cancer. Nutr J 2024; 23:45. [PMID: 38644466 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-00951-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. The relationship between remnant cholesterol (RC) and the prognosis of patients with breast cancer has not been clearly reported. This study investigated the prognostic value of RC in predicting mortality in patients with breast cancer. METHODS This study prospectively analysed 709 women patients with breast cancer from the Investigation on Nutrition Status and Clinical Outcome of Common Cancers (INSCOC) project. Restricted cubic splines were used to analyse the dose-response relationship between RC and breast cancer mortality. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the overall survival of patients with breast cancer. A Cox regression analyses was performed to assess the independent association between RC and breast cancer mortality. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) using the propensity score was used to reduce confounding. Sensitivity analysis was performed after excluding patients with underlying diseases and survival times shorter than one year. RESULTS A linear dose-response relationship was identified between RC and the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with breast cancer (p = 0.036). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test showed that patients with high RC levels had poorer survival than those with low RC levels (p = 0.007). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that RC was an independent risk factor for mortality in women patients with breast cancer. IPTW-adjusted analyses and sensitivity analyses showed that CR remained a prognostic factor. CONCLUSIONS RC is an independent risk factor for the prognosis of patients with breast cancer, and patients with higher RC levels have poorer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Chenan Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Heyang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Guotian Ruan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Hailun Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Shiqi Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Xiangrui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Xiaoyue Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Han-Ping Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China.
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Kuwabara S, Takeuchi Y, Sato O, Mizota T, Ichinokawa M, Murakawa K, Aoki Y, Ishido K, Ono K, Hirano S. Prognostic value of combined psoas muscle mass and controlling nutritional status in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Surg 2024; 24:116. [PMID: 38643112 PMCID: PMC11031959 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-024-02395-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDAC) is an extremely poor prognostic disease. Even though multidisciplinary treatment for PDAC has developed, supportive therapies, such as nutritional therapy or perioperative rehabilitation to sustain and complete aggressive treatment, have not yet been well-established in PDAC. The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between the combined index using psoas muscle mass index (PMI) values and controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score and prognosis. METHODS We included 101 patients diagnosed with PDAC who underwent radical pancreatectomy with regional lymphadenectomy. The cut-off value was set at the first quartile (male, 6.3 cm2/m2; female 4.4 cm2/m2), and patients were classified into high PMI and low PMI groups. A CONUT score of 0 to 1 was classified as the normal nutritional status group, and 2 or more points as the malnutritional status group. Patients were further divided into three groups: high PMI and normal nutrition (good general condition group), low PMI and low nutrition (poor general condition group), and none of the above (moderate general condition group). We performed a prognostic analysis of overall survival (OS), stratified according to PMI values and CONUT scores. RESULTS In the poor general condition group, the proportion of elderly people over 70 years of age was significantly higher than that in the other groups (p < 0.001). The poor general condition group had a significantly worse prognosis than the good and moderate general condition groups (p = 0.012 and p = 0.037). The 5-year survival rates were 10.9%, 22.3%, and 36.1% in the poor, moderate, and good general condition groups, respectively. In multivariate analysis, poor general condition, with both low PMI and malnutrition status, was an independent poor prognostic factor for postoperative OS (hazard ratio 2.161, p = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS The combination of PMI and CONUT scores may be useful for predicting the prognosis of patients with PDAC after radical surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Kuwabara
- Department of Surgery, Obihiro Kosei General Hospital, 1 West 14 South 10, Obihiro, 080-0024, Hokkaido, Japan.
- Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Red Cross Hospital, 1-1 Akebono 1-jo 1-chome, Asahikawa, 070-8530, Hokkaido, Japan.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Kita 15-jo Nishi 7-chome, Kita-ku, Asahikawa, 070-8530, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Yuta Takeuchi
- Department of Surgery, Obihiro Kosei General Hospital, 1 West 14 South 10, Obihiro, 080-0024, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Osamu Sato
- Department of Surgery, Obihiro Kosei General Hospital, 1 West 14 South 10, Obihiro, 080-0024, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tomoko Mizota
- Department of Surgery, Obihiro Kosei General Hospital, 1 West 14 South 10, Obihiro, 080-0024, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masaomi Ichinokawa
- Department of Surgery, Obihiro Kosei General Hospital, 1 West 14 South 10, Obihiro, 080-0024, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Murakawa
- Department of Surgery, Obihiro Kosei General Hospital, 1 West 14 South 10, Obihiro, 080-0024, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yuma Aoki
- Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Red Cross Hospital, 1-1 Akebono 1-jo 1-chome, Asahikawa, 070-8530, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Keita Ishido
- Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Red Cross Hospital, 1-1 Akebono 1-jo 1-chome, Asahikawa, 070-8530, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Koichi Ono
- Department of Surgery, Obihiro Kosei General Hospital, 1 West 14 South 10, Obihiro, 080-0024, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hirano
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Kita 15-jo Nishi 7-chome, Kita-ku, Asahikawa, 070-8530, Hokkaido, Japan
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Tao Y, Wu W. Research hotspots and trends in the relationship between sport and nutrition: A bibliometric analysis from 2013 to 2023. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37782. [PMID: 38640278 PMCID: PMC11029929 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to summarize the research development and hot points in on the connection between sport and nutrition overall through bibliometric analysis. We collected the publications in the last 10 years (2013-2023) related to between sport and nutrition in the Web of Science database, and applied Citespace to assess the knowledge mapping. The results showed as follows that the number of manuscripts about sport and nutrition totaled 10,016, with a faster increase after 2019. The country, institution, and author with the most publications are the USA, University of California System, Burke, Louise M. In addition, the most co-cited reference is Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (2016) (199). Based on a 10-year bibliometric investigation, we know the USA, the University of California System has become one of this discipline's major research forces. Research on sport and nutrition benefits from the best partnerships between industrialized nations and prominent universities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tao
- Department of Physical Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wenqiang Wu
- Dean of China Athletics College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, P.R. China
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Sessions J, Marsden J, Bringloe L, Gilsenan I. Changing the culture around hospital-based nutrition. Br J Nurs 2024; 33:S18-S25. [PMID: 38639746 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2024.33.8.s18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Following a serious incident and inquest after the death of a patient due to choking at Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, the Trust put in place an action plan and implemented strategies to reduce the risk of recurrence. Four key actions were identified as essential to try to reduce the risk of a similar event: introduction of a standard operating procedure for mealtimes that included a pre-meal safety 'pause'; use of an electronic communication icon to indicate modified diet/fluid requirements, from emergency department and onward as a patient is transferred; job-specific mealtime safety training; and use of bedside posters with specific dietary requirements (in line with the International Dysphagia Diet Standards Initiative Framework). A new role of Lead Educator for Nutrition was introduced to support the changes and provide training. Changes were also made to the incident reporting system to ensure easy identification of events relating to dysphagia, so that these could be monitored, themes identified and lessons shared. A series of audits following the changes have shown that more staff across disciplines and teams have accessed training on nutrition and hydration practices, wards have increased the use of the icon and posters, and successfully implemented pre-meal safety pauses. The Lead Educator for Nutrition has helped embed learning, and increased awareness and knowledge about nutrition and hydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Sessions
- Lead Educator for Nutrition, Central Nursing, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Jo Marsden
- Nurse Director, Surgical Services, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Louise Bringloe
- Lead Nurse for Quality and Practice Development, Central Nursing, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Irene Gilsenan
- Practice Development Co-ordinator (Evidence Based Practice) Learning, Education and Development Department, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
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Fukuyama Y, Komiyama T, Ohi T, Hattori Y. Association between oral health and nutritional status among older patients requiring long-term care who received home-visit dental care. J Oral Sci 2024; 66:130-133. [PMID: 38462493 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.23-0344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the association between oral health and nutritional status among older patients receiving home-visit dental care. METHODS This study enrolled 110 older patients (age ≥65 years) requiring long-term care who received home-visit dental care. The oral health indicators evaluated included number of teeth, occlusal support, number of functional teeth, tongue pressure, tongue coating index (TCI), and rinsing ability. Nutritional indicators included skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and the mini-nutritional assessment short-form (MNA-SF). A multivariate modified Poisson regression analysis (adjusted for age, sex, medical history, care level, and housing type) was used to calculate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS The prevalence ratio for low SMI was not significantly higher for patients with ≥20 teeth than for those with 1-19 or no teeth. Number of teeth was not significantly associated with MNA-SF score. A high TCI score (2.15, 95% CI: 1.07-4.32) and poor rinsing ability (2.32, 95% CI: 1.25-4.30) were significantly associated with low SMI. High TCI scores were associated with low scores in MNA-SF categories (1.25, 95% CI: 1.01-1.55). CONCLUSION TCI and rinsing ability, rather than number of teeth, were associated with nutritional status in older patients requiring long-term care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Fukuyama
- Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry, Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Takamasa Komiyama
- Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry, Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London
| | - Takashi Ohi
- Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry, Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
- Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital
| | - Yoshinori Hattori
- Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry, Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
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Tangvik RJ, Skeie E, Haugen AS, Harthug S, Harris K. Is self-screening for 'at risk of malnutrition' feasible in a home setting? PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299305. [PMID: 38625912 PMCID: PMC11020964 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite malnutrition being established as a well-known risk for postoperative complications, the lack of screening for nutritional risk remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate whether self-screening for nutritional risk prior to surgery is feasible in a home setting and if it will increase number of patients screened for nutritional risk, and secondly, to compare their screening results with the "in-hospital assessments" conducted by healthcare professionals. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a prospective study involving patients from six randomly selected surgical wards at two Norwegian hospitals as a part of the "Feasibility study of implementing the surgical Patient Safety Checklist the (PASC)". This checklist included a self-reported screening tool based on the Nutritional Risk Screening tool (NRS 2002) to identify "at risk of malnutrition" in patients that will undergo surgery the next 3 months or less. The original screening tool (NRS 2002) was used as a standard routine to identify "at risk of malnutrition" by healthcare professionals at hospital. The interrater reliability between these results was investigated using Fleiss multi rater Kappa with overall agreement and reported with Landis and Koch's grading system (poor, slight, fair, moderate, substantial, and almost perfect). RESULTS Out of 215 surgical patients in the home setting, 164 (76.7%) patients completed the self-reported screening tool. A total of 123 (57.2%) patients were screened in-hospital, of whom 96 (44.7%) prior to surgery and 96 (44.7%) were screened both at hospital (pre- and post-surgery) and at home. Self-screening at home improved malnutrition screening participation by 71.9% compared to hospital screening prior to surgery (165 (76.7%) and 96 (44.7%), respectively) and by 34.1% compared to pre- and postoperative in-hospital screening, 165 (76.7%) and 123 (57.2%), respectively). The degree of agreement between patients identified to be "at risk of malnutrition" by the self-reported screening tool and healthcare professionals was poor (κ = - 0.04 (95% CI: -0.24, 0.16), however, the degrees of agreement between the patients and healthcare professionals answers to the initial NRS 2002 questions "low BMI", "weight loss", and "reduced food intake" were almost perfect (κ = 1.00 (95% CI: 0,82, 1.18)), moderate (κ = 0.55 (95% CI: 0.34, 0.75)), and slight (κ = 0.08 (95% CI: - 0.10, 0.25) respectively. CONCLUSIONS Three out of four patients completed the self-screening form and the preoperative screening rate improved with 70%. Preoperatively self-screening in a home setting may be a feasible method to increase the number of elective surgical patients screened for risk of malnutrition. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT03105713. https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03105713.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randi J. Tangvik
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Centre for Nutrition, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eli Skeie
- Department of Research and Development, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Health and Social Services, Kvam Municipality, Norheimsund, Norway
| | - Arvid Steinar Haugen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing and Health Promotion Acute and Critical Illness, OsloMet–Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stig Harthug
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kristin Harris
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
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Zhao X, Meng L, Wang D, Shi J, Wu W, Fan G, Shi H, Dong J, Yu P, Yang R. Targeted metabolomic profiles of serum amino acids are independently correlated with malnutrition in older adults. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:341. [PMID: 38622502 PMCID: PMC11020810 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04937-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malnutrition is a common geriatric syndrome that is closely associated with adverse clinical outcomes and poses significant harm to older adults. Early assessment of nutritional status plays a crucial role in preventing and intervening in cases of malnutrition. However, there is currently a lack of measurable methods and biomarkers to evaluate malnutrition in older adults accurately. The aim of this study is to investigate the independent correlation between serum levels of amino acids and malnutrition in older adults, and to identify effective metabolomics biomarkers that can aid in the early detection of geriatric malnutrition. METHODS A total of 254 geriatric medical examination participants from Beijing Hospital were included in the study, consisting of 182 individuals with normal nutritional status (Normal group) and 72 patients at risk of malnutrition or already malnourished (MN group). Malnutrition was assessed using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF). Demographic data were collected, and muscle-related and lipid indexes were determined. Serum amino acid concentrations were measured using isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The correlation between serum amino acid levels and malnutrition was analyzed using non-parametric tests, partial correlation analysis, linear regression, and logistic regression. RESULTS The geriatric MN group exhibited significantly lower serum aromatic amino acid levels (P < 0.05) compared to the normal group. A positive correlation was observed between serum aromatic amino acid levels and the MNA-SF score (P = 0.002), as well as with known biomarkers of malnutrition such as body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.001) and hemoglobin (HGB) (P = 0.005). Multivariable logistic or linear regression analyses showed that aromatic amino acid levels were negatively correlated with MN and positively correlated with the MNA-SF score, after adjusting for some confounding factors, such as age, gender, BMI, smoking status, history of dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and frailty. Stratified analyses revealed that these trends were more pronounced in individuals without a history of frailty compared to those with a history of frailty, and there was an interaction between aromatic amino acid levels and frailty history (P = 0.004). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that serum aromatic amino acids are independently associated with malnutrition in older adults. These results have important implications for identifying potential biomarkers to predict geriatric malnutrition or monitor its progression and severity, as malnutrition can result in poor clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Li Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Daguang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqing Fan
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Pulin Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, 100730, Beijing, China.
| | - Ruiyue Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, 100730, Beijing, China.
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Hansen MC, Uhrenfeldt L, Ingstad K, Pedersen PU. Educational nutritional intervention to prevent loss of health-related quality of life among older adults after a surgical treatment: design of a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2024; 25:262. [PMID: 38622729 PMCID: PMC11017647 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease-related malnutrition after a hospital stay has major consequences for older adults, the healthcare system and society. This study aims to develop and test the effectiveness of an educational video to prevent loss of health-related quality of life among live-at-home older adults after surgical treatment in a hospital. METHOD This randomised controlled trial will occur at a regional hospital in Norway. Participants will be live-at-home adults aged 65 years and older. They will be recruited from three different surgical departments after a surgical procedure. Individuals with a body mass index below 24 and a home address in one of nine selected municipalities will be eligible for inclusion. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. Those assigned to the intervention group will obtain access to a 6-min educational video 5 days after being discharged from the hospital. The control group will not obtain access to the video. The primary outcome will be health-related quality of life using the Norwegian Rand 36-Item Short Form Health Survey. Furthermore, we will measure body composition, number of readmissions and nutritional knowledge at inclusion and 3-month follow-up. DISCUSSION This randomised controlled trial is expected to provide insight into whether an educational video can improve the nutritional status of older adults following a surgical procedure and discharge from the hospital. The findings will be useful for assessing how videos offering nutritional advice to older adults who have undergone a surgical procedure can improve their health-related quality of life, reduce loss of function, prevent readmission to hospital and reduce healthcare costs. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05950373. Registered on 11 July 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisbeth Uhrenfeldt
- Institute for Regional Health Research, Southern Danish University, Ortopedic dep., Lillebaelt University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kari Ingstad
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Levanger, Norway
| | - Preben U Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Centre of Clinical Guidelines, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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