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Diao X, Yamada K, Shibata Y, Imada C. Metabolites Produced by a New Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Strain BF1-13 Isolated from Deep Seawater of Izu-Akazawa Protect the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier from the Dysfunction Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20020087. [PMID: 35200617 PMCID: PMC8878880 DOI: 10.3390/md20020087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of the metabolites produced by a new Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain BF1-13, isolated from deep seawater (DSW), on the intestinal epithelial barrier against the dysfunction induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and to elucidate the mechanism underlying the effect. Protective effect of the metabolites by strain BF1-13 on the barrier function of the intestinal epithelial model treated with H2O2 was investigated by the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). The metabolites enhanced the Claudin-4 (CLDN-4) expression, including at the transcription level, indicated by immunofluorescence staining and quantitative RT-PCR. The metabolites also showed a suppression of aquaporin3 (AQP3) expression. Lactic acid (LA) produced by this strain of homofermentative lactic acid bacteria (LAB) had a similar enhancement on CLDN-4 expression. The metabolites of L. plantarum strain BF1-13 alleviated the dysfunction of intestinal epithelial barrier owing to its enhancement on the tight junctions (TJs) by LA, along with its suppression on AQP3-facilitating H2O2 intracellular invasion into Caco-2 cells. This is the first report on the enhancement of TJs by LA produced by LAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Diao
- Applied Microbiology Lab, Course of Applied Marine Biosciences, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan; (K.Y.); (C.I.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Katsuhisa Yamada
- Applied Microbiology Lab, Course of Applied Marine Biosciences, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan; (K.Y.); (C.I.)
- DSW Laboratory of DHC Co., Ltd., Tokyo 106-0047, Japan;
| | - Yuji Shibata
- DSW Laboratory of DHC Co., Ltd., Tokyo 106-0047, Japan;
| | - Chiaki Imada
- Applied Microbiology Lab, Course of Applied Marine Biosciences, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan; (K.Y.); (C.I.)
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Śliwińska A, Figat R, Zgadzaj A, Wileńska B, Misicka A, Nałęcz-Jawecki G, Pietrosiuk A, Sykłowska-Baranek K. Polyscias filicifolia (Araliaceae) Hairy Roots with Antigenotoxic and Anti-Photogenotoxic Activity. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010186. [PMID: 35011416 PMCID: PMC8746452 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hairy root cultures are considered as a valuable source of bioactive phytoconstituents with expanding applicability for their production. In the present study, hairy root cultures of Polyscias filicifolia (Araliaceae), a traditional Southeast Asian medicinal plant, were established. The transformation with Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC 15834 allowed to obtain 15 root lines. The K-1 line, demonstrating the highest growth capabilities, was subjected to further investigations. To enhance the biosynthetic potential of hairy roots, methyl jasmonate elicitation approach was applied (MeJA; at different doses and exposure time), with subsequent transfer of elicited roots to control medium. This strategy resulted in chlorogenic acid production up to 1.59 mg/g dry weight. HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS analysis demonstrated variation in extracts composition and allowed to identify different caffeic and ferulic acid derivatives. Next, cytotoxic, antigenotoxic, and anti-photogenotoxic properties of hairy roots extracts were determined. None of the tested extracts were cytotoxic. In addition, they demonstrated significant antigenotoxic activity with the highest protective potential; up to 52% and 49% of inhibition of induction ratio (IR) induced by the 2-aminoanthracene was revealed for extracts derived from hairy roots elicited for 3 days with 50 µM MeJA and roots elicited for 7 days with 100 µM MeJA and then transferred for 30 days to control medium, respectively. These same extracts exhibited the highest anti-photogenotoxic potential, up to 36% of inhibition of chloropromazine-induced genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Śliwińska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.Ś.); (A.P.); (K.S.-B.)
| | - Ramona Figat
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.Z.); (G.N.-J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-5720740
| | - Anna Zgadzaj
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.Z.); (G.N.-J.)
| | - Beata Wileńska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteura St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (B.W.); (A.M.)
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, 101 Żwirki i Wigury St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Misicka
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteura St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (B.W.); (A.M.)
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, 101 Żwirki i Wigury St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Nałęcz-Jawecki
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.Z.); (G.N.-J.)
| | - Agnieszka Pietrosiuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.Ś.); (A.P.); (K.S.-B.)
| | - Katarzyna Sykłowska-Baranek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.Ś.); (A.P.); (K.S.-B.)
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Deng LL, Xie XD, Li J, Wang DP, Hao XJ, Chen G, Mu SZ. Hepatoprotective Constituents of Total Dibenzocyclooctadiene Lignans from Schisandra chinensis Based on the Spectrum-Effect Relationship. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216554. [PMID: 34770962 PMCID: PMC8587461 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
To scientifically clarify the hepatoprotective constituents of Fructus Schizandrae chinensis, eleven batches samples of total dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans (TDL) from Schisandra chinensis were prepared by using the optimum extraction technique. Characteristic high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) chromatograms were obtained through HPLC analysis technology, and the hepatoprotective effects of the eleven batches of TDL were evaluated by MTT assay. Based on the chemical and biological activity results, the spectrum-effect relationship between the characteristic HPLC fingerprints and the hepatoprotective effect of TDL was established using Minitab 16.0 data analysis software. On the basis of the spectrum-effect relationship, thirteen compounds (1–13) were obtained from the TDL by chemical natural product chemical separation and purification technology, and their structures were identified on the basis of the spectral data and the literature. Based on these compounds, thirteen common peaks among the thirty-three chromatographic peaks in the above HPLC fingerprints were identified. Our findings showed that some components, including, schisandrin B (2), schisandrin A (3), and schisandrol B (7) had significant roles in promoting hepatoprotective activity. Preliminary verification of the spectrum-effect relationship of TDL from S. chinensis was carried out, and the results confirmed that the activity of a composite of these three key components in optimal ratios was better than that of any individual compound, which potentially confirmed the reliability of the spectrum-effect relationship and the synergistic effects of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; (L.-L.D.); (X.-D.X.); (J.L.); (D.-P.W.); (X.-J.H.)
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center for Natural Drugs, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Xu-Dong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; (L.-L.D.); (X.-D.X.); (J.L.); (D.-P.W.); (X.-J.H.)
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center for Natural Drugs, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Jiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; (L.-L.D.); (X.-D.X.); (J.L.); (D.-P.W.); (X.-J.H.)
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center for Natural Drugs, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Dao-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; (L.-L.D.); (X.-D.X.); (J.L.); (D.-P.W.); (X.-J.H.)
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center for Natural Drugs, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; (L.-L.D.); (X.-D.X.); (J.L.); (D.-P.W.); (X.-J.H.)
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center for Natural Drugs, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China;
| | - Shu-Zhen Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; (L.-L.D.); (X.-D.X.); (J.L.); (D.-P.W.); (X.-J.H.)
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center for Natural Drugs, Guiyang 550014, China
- Correspondence:
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Horie K, Maeda H, Nanashima N, Oey I. Potential Vasculoprotective Effects of Blackcurrant ( Ribes nigrum) Extract in Diabetic KK-A y Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216459. [PMID: 34770868 PMCID: PMC8587626 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are bioactive compounds found naturally in fruits and vegetables; they are widely used in disease prevention and health maintenance. Polyphenol-rich blackcurrant extract (BCE) exerts beneficial effects on vascular health in menopausal model animals. However, the vasculoprotective effects in diabetes mellitus (DM) and atherosclerotic vascular disease secondary to DM are unknown. Therefore, we investigated whether BCE is effective in preventing atherosclerosis using KK-Ay mice as a diabetes model. The mice were divided into three groups and fed a high-fat diet supplemented with 1% BCE (BCE1), 3% BCE (BCE2), or Control for 9 weeks. The mice in the BCE2 group showed a considerable reduction in the disturbance of elastic lamina, foam cell formation, and vascular remodeling compared to those in the BCE1 and Control groups. Immunohistochemical staining indicated that the score of endothelial nitric oxide synthase staining intensity was significantly higher in both BCE2 (2.9) and BCE1 (1.9) compared to that in the Control (1.1). Furthermore, the score for the percentage of alpha-smooth muscle actin was significantly lower in the BCE2 (2.9%) than in the Control (2.1%). Our results suggest that the intake of anthocyanin-rich BCE could have beneficial effects on the blood vessels of diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Horie
- Department of Bioscience and Laboratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki 036-8564, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-172-39-5527
| | - Hayato Maeda
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan;
| | - Naoki Nanashima
- Department of Bioscience and Laboratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki 036-8564, Japan;
| | - Indrawati Oey
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
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Fernández-Luqueño F, Medina-Pérez G, Pérez-Soto E, Espino-Manzano S, Peralta-Adauto L, Pérez-Ríos S, Campos-Montiel R. Bioactive Compounds of Opuntia spp. Acid Fruits: Micro and Nano-Emulsified Extracts and Applications in Nutraceutical Foods. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216429. [PMID: 34770840 PMCID: PMC8587638 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The acid fruit of the "xoconostle" cactus belongs to the genus Opuntia family of cacti. It is used as a functional food for its bioactive compounds. Several studies reported that xoconostle fruits have a high amount of ascorbic acid, betalains, phenols, tannins, and flavonoids. These compounds confer antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective gastroprotective activity. Xoconostle fruit extracts were tested by in vitro assays where the digestion conditions were simulated to measure their stability. At the same time, the extracts were protected by encapsulation (microencapsulation, multiple emulsions, and nanoemulsions). Applications of encapsulated extracts were probed in various food matrices (edible films, meat products, dairy, and fruit coatings). The xoconostle is a natural source of nutraceutical compounds, and the use of this fruit in the new food could help improve consumers' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabián Fernández-Luqueño
- Sustainability of Natural Resources and Energy Programs, Cinvestav-Saltillo, Coahuila C.P. 25900, Mexico;
| | - Gabriela Medina-Pérez
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Hidalgo C.P. 43600, Mexico; (G.M.-P.); (E.P.-S.); (L.P.-A.); (S.P.-R.)
| | - Elizabeth Pérez-Soto
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Hidalgo C.P. 43600, Mexico; (G.M.-P.); (E.P.-S.); (L.P.-A.); (S.P.-R.)
| | - Salvador Espino-Manzano
- Food Agroindustrial Area, Xicotepec University of Juarez Technology University, Avenida Universidad Tecnológica #1000, Tierra Negra, Xicotepec de Juárez, Puebla C.P. 73080, Mexico;
| | - Laura Peralta-Adauto
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Hidalgo C.P. 43600, Mexico; (G.M.-P.); (E.P.-S.); (L.P.-A.); (S.P.-R.)
| | - Sergio Pérez-Ríos
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Hidalgo C.P. 43600, Mexico; (G.M.-P.); (E.P.-S.); (L.P.-A.); (S.P.-R.)
| | - Rafael Campos-Montiel
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Hidalgo C.P. 43600, Mexico; (G.M.-P.); (E.P.-S.); (L.P.-A.); (S.P.-R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-(77)-1717-2000
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Wang Y, Guo W, Xie S, Liu Y, Xu D, Chen G, Xu Y. Multi-omics analysis of brain tissue metabolome and proteome reveals the protective effect of gross saponins of Tribulus terrestris L. fruit against ischemic stroke in rat. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 278:114280. [PMID: 34082014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gross Saponins of Tribulus terrestris L. Fruit (GSTTF) has been reported to have a protective effect against ischemic stroke, but the related mechanism is complex and still not fully investigated. AIM OF THE STUDY The combination of metabolomics and proteomics approach was applied to reveal the mechanisms of GSTTF in treating ischemic stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS The metabolite and protein changes in brain tissue were analyzed by the LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics method and tandem mass tags (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics technology. The multivariate statistical analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis were conducted to screen out the biomarkers, and their related pathway was further investigated by the joint pathway analysis. RESULTS A total of 110 metabolites and 359 differential proteins, which were mainly associated with complement and coagulation cascades, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and platelet activation, etc. were screened out from the rat brain tissue. The PPI network exhibited that the protein F2, Fga, Fgb, Fgg, Plg, and C3, which are greatly involved in the complement and coagulation cascades, have a relatively high connectivity degree, indicating their importance in the process of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The GSTTF exerted a protective effect against MCAO via modulating multiple proteins on this pathway. Moreover, F2 played a key role during the protective process and worth to be further investigated due to it has been reported as one of the therapeutic targets of ischemic stroke. CONCLUSION The present study could improve the understanding of the potential therapeutic mechanism of GSTTF against ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Wenjun Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shengxu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Dandan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Geng Chen
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yajuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Cao Y, Tan X, Al Chnani AA, Li P, Shi Z, Feng H, Sun L, Xia Q, Yang X, Duan Y, Guo Y, Chen G, Qi C, Zhang Y. Bioassay-Guided Isolation of an Abetiane-Type Diterpenoid from Prunella vulgaris That Protects against Concanavalin A-Induced Autoimmune Hepatitis. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:2189-2199. [PMID: 34383500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Prunella vulgaris is a widely used edible Chinese medicinal plant. In the present study, two new abietane-type diterpenoids, abietoquinones A (1) and B (2), were isolated from this plant by an immunosuppressive bioassay-guided isolation procedure. Their structures were elucidated unambiguously by NMR spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray crystallography, and electronic circular dichroism calculations. Compounds 1 and 2 bear a cyclohex-2-ene-1,4-dione moiety, which is uncommon among abietane diterpenes. Also, abietoquinone A (1) suppressed murine splenocyte proliferation and decreased the production of proinflammatory cytokines induced by concanavalin A (Con A) in vitro. In Con A-challenged mice, preinjection with 1 significantly ameliorated liver injury. Additionally, abietoquinone A (1) exhibited inhibitory activities against the proliferation of murine splenocytes and human T cells induced by anti-CD3/anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfang Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaosheng Tan
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ali Adhab Al Chnani
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengkun Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengyi Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Feng
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingjuan Sun
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiangbing Xia
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin Duan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Changxing Qi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Yang X, Bai ZF, Zhang Y, Cui H, Zhou HL. Flavonoids-rich extract from Bidens bipinnata L. protects pancreatic β-cells against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis through intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 275:114097. [PMID: 33823164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE As a traditional Chinese medicinal, Bidens bipinnata L. has been used to treat many diseases with a long history in China. The anti-diabetic effects of extract from B. bipinnata have been demonstrated in the previous reports. AIM OF THE STUDY The protective effects of flavonoids-rich extract from B. bipinnata (BBTF) on cell damage induced by H2O2 in pancreatic β cell and its potential mechanisms were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS MTT, ROS production, nuclear staining and flow cytometry assays were adopted to determine the effects of BBTF on cell viability, production of ROS and cell apoptosis in H2O2-treated INS-1 cell. Cell apoptosis-related proteins expressions were detected by Western blot assay. RESULTS Pre-treatment of BBTF could significantly increase INS-1 cell viability, inhibit the production of intracellular ROS and reduced the characteristic features of cell apoptosis induced by H2O2 in INS-1 cells. The studies of the underlying mechanism showed that BBTF could regulate Bax and Bcl-2 proteins expressions, suppress the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK and p38, as well as down-regulate Fas and FasL proteins expressions induced by H2O2. The expressions of caspase-8, caspase-9 and caspase-3 were therefore decreased. CONCLUSION The results indicated that flavonoids-rich extract from B. bipinnata could be a natural agent in diabetic prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiudong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City, 132022, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Resources and Comprehensive Utilization of Jilin Provence, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, China
| | - Zi-Fan Bai
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City, 132022, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City, 132022, PR China
| | - Hao Cui
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City, 132022, PR China
| | - Hong-Li Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City, 132022, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Resources and Comprehensive Utilization of Jilin Provence, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, China.
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Chen L, Liu Y, Huang X, Zhu Y, Li J, Miao Y, Du H, Liu D. Comparison of Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Effects of Different Varieties of Chrysanthemum Flos in China. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100206. [PMID: 34142430 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Chrysanthemum Flos is the prestigious traditional Chinese medicinal material and the popular health drink. This article comprehensively evaluated the chemical constituents, antioxidant activity, and hepatoprotective effects of 25 common chrysanthemum varieties in China. Firstly, we analyzed the chemical compositions of water extracts of chrysanthemum using UPLC/Q-TOF-MS, and identified 29 chemical components. The results displayed that chrysanthemum was rich in chemical constituents, but there were significant differences in the contents of four phenolic acids and five flavonoids among different varieties, and the coefficient of variation (CVs) ranged from 35.96 % to 114.62 %. Then, the antioxidant activities of different chrysanthemums were investigated, respectively via 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays. The spectrum-effect relationships between nine main components and antioxidant activities were investigated to identify the antioxidant constitutes in chrysanthemums. Meanwhile, H2 O2 -induced hepatocyte injury testing showed wide variation in cultivar antioxidant capacity, with Tongchengju (TCJ) producing the best effect (90.32 %), followed by Chuju (CJ; 85.78 %). In addition, the hepatoprotective effects of 8 mainstream varieties were determined by the model of acute alcoholic liver injury. They protected liver from injury by affecting relevant liver function and antioxidant indexes. Huangshangongju (HSG) could decrease aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity by 39.27 % in liver tissue; Hangju-Fubaiju (HJ-FBJ), Jinsihuangju (JSH), and Chuju (CJ) significantly decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of liver tissue, which reduced by more than 40 %; Jinsihuangju (JSH) of used for tea could double the content of glutathione (GSH) and had the similar effect on superoxide dismutase (SOD) as the positive group, showing significant antioxidant capacity. Therefore, this study confirmed that chrysanthemums are potential resources as antioxidants, functional foods, and medicinal materials. Importantly, it may provide a scientific support for further development and utilization of chrysanthemum, and screen excellent varieties for different demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Chen
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Traditional Chinese Medicine Chemistry, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, P. R. China
| | - Yin Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Traditional Chinese Medicine Chemistry, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, P. R. China
| | - Xianju Huang
- School of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yunyun Zhu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Traditional Chinese Medicine Chemistry, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, P. R. China
| | - Jinxin Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Traditional Chinese Medicine Chemistry, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, P. R. China
| | - Yuhuan Miao
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Traditional Chinese Medicine Chemistry, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhi Du
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Traditional Chinese Medicine Chemistry, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, P. R. China
| | - Dahui Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Traditional Chinese Medicine Chemistry, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, P. R. China
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Wang LW, Cui XY, He JF, Duan S, Liu CR, Shan CB, Wang Y, Ma CM. Hydroxysafflor yellows alleviate thrombosis and acetaminophen-induced toxicity in vivo by enhancing blood circulation and poison excretion. Phytomedicine 2021; 87:153579. [PMID: 33991865 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) from the flower of Carthamus tinctorius (Safflower) has been reported to have various pharmacological effects. However, little is known about the bioactivities of other chemical constituents in Safflower and the relationship between enhancement of blood circulation and hepatoprotection by HSYA. PURPOSE The present research was to evaluate the antithrombotic and hepatoprotective activities of HSYA and C, examine their mechanisms of actions, including influence on the excretion velocity of acetaminophen, and the relationship between the antithrombotic, hepatoprotective, and other bioactivities. METHODS The hepatoprotective activities were examined by acetaminophen (APAP)-induced zebrafish toxicity and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced mouse liver injury. The concentrations of APAP in zebrafish and APAP that was excreted to the culture media were quantified by UHPLC-MS. The anti-thrombosis effect of HSYA and C were examined by the phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced zebrafish thrombosis. RESULTS HSYA and HSYC showed robust protection on APAP-induced toxicity and PHZ-induced thrombosis. The hepatoprotective effects of HSYA and C were more potent than that of the positive control, acetylcysteine (61.7% and 58.0%, respectively, vs. 56.9% at 100 µM) and their antithrombosis effects were more robust than aspirin (95.1% and 86.2% vs. 52.7% at 100 µM). HSYA and C enhanced blood circulation, rescued APAP-treated zebrafish from morphological abnormalities, and mitigated APAP-induced toxicity in liver development in liver-specific RFP-expressing transgenic zebrafish. HSYC attenuated CCl4-induced mouse liver injury and regulated the levels of HIF-1α, iNOS, TNF-α, α-SMA, and NFκB in liver tissues. HSYA was also protective in a dual thrombotic and liver toxicity zebrafish model. By UHPLC-MS, HSYA accelerated the excretion of APAP. CONCLUSION HSYA and C are the bioactive constituents of Safflower that are responsible for the herbal drug's traditional use in promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis. Safflower and its chalcone constituents may protect from damage due to exogenous or disease-induced endogenous toxins by enhancing the excretion velocity of toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Xue-Ying Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Jiang-Feng He
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - Shen Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Chun-Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Cheng-Bin Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Chao-Mei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China.
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Ke H, Bao T, Chen W. New function of polysaccharide from Rubus chingii Hu: protective effect against ethyl carbamate induced cytotoxicity. J Sci Food Agric 2021; 101:3156-3164. [PMID: 33211321 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rubus chingii Hu is a widely cultivated fruit in China and has declared multiple bioactivities including antioxidative activity. Ethyl carbamate (EC), mostly found in fermented food and alcoholic beverages, is a recognized human carcinogen, and researchers have proposed the correlation between oxidative stress and its toxicity. This study acquired the polysaccharide from R. chingii (RP) and explored its effect on EC-induced cytotoxicity using Caco-2 cells as the cell model. RESULTS Results showed that RP exhibited protection against EC-induced toxicity by repairing redox imbalance as indicative of mitigated mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, attenuated reactive oxygen species overproduction, and impeded glutathione depletion. Moreover, the structural features of RP were characterized and revealed that it was mainly constituted by galacturonic acid and arabinose, with an average molecular weight of 7.039 × 105 g mol-1 . CONCLUSION Overall, our results provided a new approach dealing with the toxicity caused by EC from the perspective of oxidative stress and described a new potential healthy value of R. chingii Hu, which could contribute to the development of a promising dietary supplement and functional food. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Ke
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Bao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
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Moharram FA, Nagy MM, El Dib RA, El-Tantawy MM, El Hossary GG, El-Hosari DG. Pharmacological activity and flavonoids constituents of Artemisia judaica L aerial parts. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 270:113777. [PMID: 33412247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Artemisia judaica L is an aromatic medicinal plant growing widely in Saint Katherine, Sinai, Egypt, and used in traditional medicine as a herbal remedy for antibacterial, anthelmintic, antidiabetic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Additionally, other Arabic regions commonly used it in their folk medicines for the treatment of fungal infections, atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes, arthritis, and inflammatory-related diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY Based on the traditional medicinal uses of A. judaica, the present study was designed to validate some of the traditional uses as the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, and antioxidant activities of 80% aqueous methanol extract (AME) of A. judaica aerial parts as well as isolation and identification of its flavonoid content. MATERIALS AND METHODS AME of A. judaica aerial parts was fractionated using column chromatography and the structures of the isolated compounds were established using different spectroscopic data. Analgesic activity was evaluated using acetic acid-induced writhing in mice; antipyretic activity was assessed using yeast suspension-induced hyperthermia in rats; anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw edema; the hepatoprotective effect was studied by measuring liver enzymes in carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity rats while antidiabetic activity was estimated in alloxan hyperglycemia. RESULTS Eight flavone compounds namely luteolin 4' methyl ether 7-O-β-D-4C1-glucopyranoside (1), 8-methoxyapigenin 7-O-β-D-4C1-galactopyranoside (2), isovitexin (3), 8-methoxyluteolin 7-O-β-D-4C1-glucopyranoside (4), diosmetin (5), cirsimaritin (6), luteolin (7), and apigenin (8) were identified from AME of A. judaica. The AME was found to be non-toxic to mice up to 5 g/kg b.w. Moreover, it exhibits significant analgesic antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant activities in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION The AME was nontoxic; it exhibits significant analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant activities. Moreover, the isolated flavone was identified from AME for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma A Moharram
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Maii M Nagy
- Department of Phytochemistry, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rabab A El Dib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona M El-Tantawy
- Department of Phytochemistry, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ghada G El Hossary
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Doaa G El-Hosari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Mohamed MAEH, Mohammed HS, Mostafa SA, Ibrahim MT. Protective effects of Saraca indica L. leaves extract (family Fabaceae) against gamma irradiation induced injury in the kidney of female albino rats. Environ Toxicol 2021; 36:506-519. [PMID: 33166054 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work was designed to estimate the protective effect of Saraca indica L. leaves ethanolic exract against γ-irradiation induced renal damage in rats. Phytochemical examinations of S. indica L. leaves extract resulted in the separation of three flavanone glycosides: Astilibin (1), Neoastilbin (2), and Eriodictyol-7-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (3); two flavonols: Quercetin (4) and Quercetin-3-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-(1'''-6'')-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (5) in addition of Gallic acid (6) and methyl gallate (7). Their structures elucidated by chemical evidences and spectroscopic analysis (1 and 2D-NMR, -ESI-MS, UV). Female rats were used and classified into: control, Ext (200 mg/kg body wt/day orally for 7 days), IRR (8Gy), Ext + IRR, and Sily+IRR groups (received silymarin 50 mg/kg b.wt orally as reference drug). Results showed that S. indica L. leaves extract ameliorated the kidney function tests, hs-CRP, IL-1β, ACE, TNF-α, GSH, and MDA as well as, decreased the histopathological changes of kidney. In conclusion, S. indica L. leaves extract had a renoprotective activity against irradiation induced renal injury due to its flavononid contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Abd El Hameed Mohamed
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (AEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala Sh Mohammed
- Pharmcognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa Ali Mostafa
- Analyist at Central Health Labs-Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magda Tohamy Ibrahim
- Pharmcognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Han SW, Wang XJ, Cui BS, Sun H, Chen H, Ferreira D, Li S, Hamann MT. Hepatoprotective Glucosyloxybenzyl 2-Hydroxy-2-isobutylsuccinates from Pleione yunnanensis. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:738-749. [PMID: 33606538 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nine new glucosyloxybenzyl 2-hydroxy-2-isobutylsuccinates, pleionosides M-U (1-9), and 12 known compounds (10-21) were isolated from the pseudobulbs of Pleione yunnanensis. Their structures and absolute configurations were established through a combination of HRESIMS and NMR data and supported by physical and chemical methods. Compounds 5, 6, 10, and 15 showed significant in vitro hepatoprotective activity against d-galactosamine (d-GalN)-induced toxicity in HL-7702 cells with increasing cell viability by 27%, 22%, 19%, and 31% compared to the model group (cf. bicyclol, 14%) at 10 μM, respectively. Compounds 4, 9, and 11 exhibited moderate hepatoprotective activity against N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP)-induced toxicity in HepG2 cells with increasing cell viability by 9%, 16%, and 12% compared to the model group (cf. bicyclol, 9%) at 10 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Wei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Juan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
| | - Bao-Song Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Daneel Ferreira
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677-1848, United States
| | - Shuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Mark T Hamann
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
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Nasir M, Tahir-Nadeem M, Saeed F, Ahmad T, Imran M. Assessment of renal and hepato-protective potential of guava leaves in male Sprague dawley rats. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2021; 67:142-146. [PMID: 34817355 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2021.67.1.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Present research project was an attempt to explore the functional/nutraceutical worth of guava leaves from two locally grown varieties (Ruby & Safeda). For the purpose, guava leaves extract was fed to experimental male Sprague Dawley rats to explore the nutraceutical potential of guava leaves against hepatotoxicity. Two studies were performed on two types of rats i.e. study I (normal rats), study II (hepatotoxic rats). In both studies, 250 mg/kg each of pink guava leaves extracts (T1) and white guava leaves extracts (T2) was added in the feed. Feed intake and body weights of the rats were recorded. At the end of the first and eighth week of study, the blood samples of the rats were analyzed to check the effect of guava leaves extracts on renal functioning (Alkaline Phosphatase, Alanine Transaminase and Aspartate Transaminase) as well as liver functioning parameters including urea and creatinine. In both studies, comparatively higher feed consumption was observed in the control group than the rest of the treatments. At the end of study I, the highest weight (207±9.21 g) was observed in T0 whereas, during study II, the maximum value (202±5.58 g) was found in T2 (rats consuming white guava leaves extract) that indicates its effectiveness against hepatotoxicity. Regarding renal functioning tests, pink guava leaves were more effective in decreasing urea and creatinine levels in rats as compared to the white guava leaves in both study plans. Likewise, in each of study trial, pink guava leaves were more effective in reducing AST, ALT and ALP than white guava leaves and control. From the present investigation, it is deduced that guava leaves were effective against hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makia Nasir
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | | | - Farhan Saeed
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Tanvir Ahmad
- Department of Statistics, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Imran
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Kong A, Zhang C, Cao Y, Cao Q, Liu F, Yang Y, Tong Z, Rehman MU, Wang X, Huang S. The fungicide thiram perturbs gut microbiota community and causes lipid metabolism disorder in chickens. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 206:111400. [PMID: 33010593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fungicide thiram, a representative dithiocarbamate pesticide can cause potential health hazards to humans and animal health due to the residues in various agricultural products. However, the effects of thiram on lipid metabolism by perturbing gut microbiota of chickens are not clear. Our study was aimed to explore the protective of polysaccharide extracted from Morinda officinalis (MOP) on acute thiram-exposed chickens, and to analyze the association between alteration of gut microbiota and lipid metabolism. Three hundred chicks are fed with a normal diet, thiram-treated diet (100 mg/kg), and a thiram-treated diet supplemented with 250, 500, or 1000 mg/kg MOP was used in this study, respectively. The results showed that thiram exposure prominently elevated liver index, changed liver function by histopathological examination and serum biochemistry diagnoses, and increased blood lipid parameters. Meanwhile, the expression level of some key genes in hepatic lipid metabolism dysregulated significantly in the thiram-exposed chickens. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that thiram exposure can significantly alter the richness, diversity, and composition of the broiler fecal microbiota, and the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria was also affected at the phylum level. In addition, some microbial populations including Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, Oscillospira, Blautia, and Butyricicoccus significantly decreased at the genus level, whereas the Klebsiella was opposite. Correlation analysis further revealed a significant association between microorganisms and lipid metabolism-related parameters. Optimistically, 500 mg/kg MOP can alleviate the damage of thiram in the gut and liver. Together, these data suggest that thiram exposure causes the imbalance of the gut microbiota and hepatic lipid metabolism disorder in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anan Kong
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Cai Zhang
- Laboratory of Environment and Livestock Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, PR China
| | - Yabing Cao
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Qinqin Cao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Yurong Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Zongxi Tong
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Mujeeb Ur Rehman
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xuebing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China.
| | - Shucheng Huang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China.
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Chauhan P, Sharma H, Kumar U, Mayachari A, Sangli G, Singh S. Protective effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra supplementation against methotrexate-induced hepato-renal damage in rats: An experimental approach. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 263:113209. [PMID: 32738390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional medicine, Glycyrrhiza glabra, commonly known as liquorice, is known to possess promising pharmacological properties including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, gastro, hepato and nephro-protective activities. AIM The present study investigated the protective effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra rhizome extract (GGE) on MTX-induced hepato-renal damage in Wistar albino rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were pre-treated with GGE (100, 200 or 400 mg/kg) from day 1 to 15 and administered MTX (20 mg/kg) on day 4. Methotrexate-induced hepato-renal damage was assessed by serum toxicity biomarkers (AST, ALT, BUN and creatinine), oxidative stress estimation (MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT, peroxidase and glutathione reductase), interleukins profiling (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-12), tissue histopathology and immunohistochemical (caspase-3 and NFkB) examination. RESULTS MTX induced hepato-renal damage resulted in elevated serum levels of AST, ALT, BUN and creatinine, increased pro-inflammatory cytokines concentration and accumulation of MDA and reduced levels of GSH, SOD, CAT, peroxidase and glutathione reductase. Conversely, co-treatment with GGE dose-dependently ameliorated oxidative stress, serum interleukins, hepato-renal toxicity biomarkers (p < 0.001), preserved tissue architecture and downregulated both caspase-3 and NFkB expression in hepato-renal tissue. CONCLUSION The above results suggested that GGE can alleviate MTX-induced hepato-renal damage by decreasing oxidative stress and suppressing the ensuing activation of pro-apoptotic and pro-inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Chauhan
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Himanshu Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Uma Kumar
- Department of Rheumatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | | | | | - Surender Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Xue X, Quan Y, Gong L, Gong X, Li Y. A review of the processed Polygonum multiflorum (Thunb.) for hepatoprotection: Clinical use, pharmacology and toxicology. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 261:113121. [PMID: 32693115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polygonum multiflorum (Thunb.) (PMT) is a member of Polygonaceae. Traditional Chinese medicine considers that the processed PMT can tonify liver, nourish blood and blacken hair. In recent years, the processed PMT and its active ingredients have significant therapeutic effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis and liver cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY The main purpose of this review is to provide a critical appraisal of the existing knowledge on the clinical application, hepatoprotective pharmacology and hepatotoxicity, it provides a comprehensive evaluation of the liver function of the processed PMT. MATERIALS AND METHODS A detailed literature search was conducted using various online search engines, such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, Mendeley, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database. The main active components of the processed PMT and the important factors in the occurrence and development of liver diseases are used as key words to carry out detailed literature retrieval. RESULTS In animal and cell models, the processed PMT and active components can treat various liver diseases, such as fatty liver induced by high-fat diet, liver injury and fibrosis induced by drugs, viral transfected hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, etc. They can protect liver by regulating lipid metabolism related enzymes, resisting insulin resistance, decreasing the expression of inflammatory cytokines, inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells, reducing generation of extracellular matrix, promoting cancer cell apoptosis and controlling the growth of tumor cells, etc. However, improperly using of the processed PMT can cause liver injury, which is associated with the standardization of processing, the constitution of the patients, the characteristics of the disease, and the administration of dosage and time. CONCLUSION The processed PMT can treat various liver diseases via reasonably using, and the active compounds (2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside, emodin, physcion, etc.) are promising candidate drugs for developing new liver protective agents. However, some components have a "toxic-effective" bidirectional effect, which should be used cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yunyun Quan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Lihong Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xiaohong Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Aitouguinane M, Bouissil S, Mouhoub A, Rchid H, Fendri I, Abdelkafi S, Ould El-Hadj MD, Boual Z, Dubessay P, Gardarin C, Michaud P, El Alaoui-Talibi Z, El Modafar C, Pierre G, Delattre C. Induction of Natural Defenses in Tomato Seedlings by Using Alginate and Oligoalginates Derivatives Extracted from Moroccan Brown Algae. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E521. [PMID: 33086600 PMCID: PMC7589842 DOI: 10.3390/md18100521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides extracted from marine algae have attracted much attention due to their biotechnological applications, including therapeutics, cosmetics, and mainly in agriculture and horticulture as biostimulants, biofertilizers, and stimulators of the natural defenses of plants. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of alginate isolated from Bifurcaria bifurcata from the Moroccan coast and oligoalginates derivatives to stimulate the natural defenses of tomato seedlings. Elicitation was carried out by the internodal injection of bioelicitor solutions. The elicitor capacities were evaluated by monitoring the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) as well as polyphenols content in the leaves located above the elicitation site for 5 days. Alginate and oligoalginates treatments triggered plant defense responses, which showed their capacity to significantly induce the PAL activity and phenolic compounds accumulation in the leaves of tomato seedlings. Elicitation by alginates and oligoalginates showed an intensive induction of PAL activity, increasing from 12 h of treatment and remaining at high levels throughout the period of treatment. The amount of polyphenols in the leaves was increased rapidly and strongly from 12 h of elicitation by both saccharide solutions, representing peaks value after 24 h of application. Oligoalginates exhibited an effective elicitor capacity in polyphenols accumulation compared to alginate polymers. The alginate and oligosaccharides derivatives revealed a similar elicitor capacity in PAL activity whereas the accumulation of phenolic compounds showed a differential effect. Polysaccharides extracted from the brown seaweed Bifurcaria bifurcate and oligosaccharides derivatives induced significantly the phenylpropanoid metabolism in tomato seedlings. These results contribute to the valorization of marine biomass as a potential bioresource for plant protection against phytopathogens in the context of eco-sustainable green technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Aitouguinane
- Laboratoire Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Guéliz, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (M.A.); (S.B.); (A.M.); (Z.E.A.-T.); (C.E.M.)
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (P.D.); (C.G.); (P.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Soukaina Bouissil
- Laboratoire Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Guéliz, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (M.A.); (S.B.); (A.M.); (Z.E.A.-T.); (C.E.M.)
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (P.D.); (C.G.); (P.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Anouar Mouhoub
- Laboratoire Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Guéliz, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (M.A.); (S.B.); (A.M.); (Z.E.A.-T.); (C.E.M.)
| | - Halima Rchid
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologies et Valorisation des Ressources Végétales, Faculté des Sciences, Université Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida 24000, Morocco;
| | - Imen Fendri
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologies des Plantes Appliquées à l’Amélioration des Plantes, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia;
| | - Slim Abdelkafi
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Equipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia;
| | - Mohamed Didi Ould El-Hadj
- Laboratoire de Protection des Ecosystèmes en Zones arides et Semi-Arides, Ouargla Université, Université Kasdi Merbah, Ouargla 30000, Algeria; (M.D.O.E.-H.); (Z.B.)
| | - Zakaria Boual
- Laboratoire de Protection des Ecosystèmes en Zones arides et Semi-Arides, Ouargla Université, Université Kasdi Merbah, Ouargla 30000, Algeria; (M.D.O.E.-H.); (Z.B.)
| | - Pascal Dubessay
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (P.D.); (C.G.); (P.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Christine Gardarin
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (P.D.); (C.G.); (P.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Philippe Michaud
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (P.D.); (C.G.); (P.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Zainab El Alaoui-Talibi
- Laboratoire Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Guéliz, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (M.A.); (S.B.); (A.M.); (Z.E.A.-T.); (C.E.M.)
| | - Cherkaoui El Modafar
- Laboratoire Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Guéliz, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (M.A.); (S.B.); (A.M.); (Z.E.A.-T.); (C.E.M.)
| | - Guillaume Pierre
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (P.D.); (C.G.); (P.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Cédric Delattre
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (P.D.); (C.G.); (P.M.); (G.P.)
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France
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Deng J, Chen X, Wang D, Song Y, Chen Y, Ouyang D, Liang Y, Sun Y, Li M. Protective effect of hawthorn extract against genotoxicity induced by benzo(<alpha>)pyrene in C57BL/6 mice. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 200:110761. [PMID: 32470682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Benzo(<alpha>)pyrene [B(<alpha>)P], widely originated from environmental pollution or food process such as roasting and frying, is a strong mutagen and potent carcinogen. Utilization of hawthorn has been reported against physical mutagens. Our study found that hawthorn extract (HE) contained abundant phenolic compounds, wherein chlorogenic acid was 2.78 mg/g, procyanidine B2 was 3.58 mg/g, epicatechin was 2.99 mg/g DW, which may contribute to anti-genotoxicity activity. So, the role of HE against B(<alpha>)P-induced genotoxicity in C57BL/6 mice was further assessed. Fifty mice were distributed into five groups: control group, B(<alpha>)P group (30 mg/kg, i.p.), B(<alpha>)P + HE-L group (100 mg/kg, i.g.), B(<alpha>)P + HE-M group (200 mg/kg, i.g.), B(<alpha>)P + HE-H group (400 mg/kg, i.g.). Mice were orally administered with solutions of HE for 10 days and injected intraperitoneally with B(<alpha>)P for 3 days from the 8th day. Results showed that B(<alpha>)P can induce significantly pathological damage in liver, lung and spleen, as well as decrease white blood cells (WBCs). Remarkably elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA strand breaks (DSBs) and G1 cell cycle arrest were also found in B(<alpha>)P group, with upregulated expressions of p-H2AX, p-p53 and p21 in bone marrow cells. With administration of HE, liver, lung and spleen injury significantly mitigated, while WBCs were evidently increased in B(<alpha>)P-treated mice. Consistently, HE markedly reduced level of ROS, DSBs and G1 cell cycle arrest accompanied by reducing expressions of p-H2AX, p-p53 and p21 in bone marrow cells. Combined, these results indicated a protective role of HE on B(<alpha>)P-induced genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Ximiao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Da Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Ya Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Yongchun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Dongmei Ouyang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Yuanming Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
| | - Meiying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
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21
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Fatima Zaidi SN, Masood J. The protective effect of fenugreek seeds extract supplementation on glucose and lipid profile in thioacetamide induced liver damage in rats. Pak J Pharm Sci 2020; 33:2003-2008. [PMID: 33824107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to determine the hepatoprotective effects of fenugreek seeds extract supplementation on thioacetamide induced liver damage in rats. For this purpose 24 male Sprague Dawley rats were distributed into 4 groups (n=60. Group I remained untreated throughout the study. Group II and Group III received thioacetamide intraperitoneally 200mg/kg body weight on alternative days for 8 weeks. Group III and Group IV received 2ml of 2% Fenugreek seeds extract orally daily from 4th week till 8th week of the study. Next day after completion of study, the rats were weighted and decapitated; blood was collected for plasma for glucose and lipid profile analysis. Marked reduced plasma glucose level and HDL level and increased triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and total lipid level were observed in test group. The Fenugreek seeds extract supplementation significantly increased plasma glucose and HDL level and remarkably decreased triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and total lipid level in Test+Supplement group whereas glucose and lipid profile were reduced in supplement group showing supplement is hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic. The results of this study confirmed that treatment with Fenugreek seeds extract successively ameliorates the altered glucose and lipid profile in liver damage induced by thioacetamide in male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Nuzhat Fatima Zaidi
- Department of Biochemistry Clinical and hematology Research lab, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Javeria Masood
- Department of Biochemistry Clinical and hematology Research lab, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
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22
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Umukoro S, Okoh L, Igweze SC, Ajayi AM, Ben-Azu B. Protective effect of Cyperus esculentus (tiger nut) extract against scopolamine-induced memory loss and oxidative stress in mouse brain. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2020; 35:dmpt-2020-0112. [PMID: 32776896 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2020-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The juice extract of Cyperus esculentus commonly known as tiger nuts (TINUT) is widely used for its numerous health promoting effects including alleviation of symptoms associated with neurological disorders. Herein, we investigated the influence of the aqueous extract of C. esculentus on cognitive disorder and the underlying changes in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and oxidative stress biomarkers in mice exposed to scopolamine. Methods C. esculentus (50-200 mg/kg) or saline (10 mL/kg) was given alone or with scopolamine 30 min after, to male Swiss mice (6/group) daily for seven days. We evaluated the cognitive performance using Y-maze and object recognition on day seven post-treatment. Brains of the animals were afterwards processed for spectrophotometric determination of AChE activity and contents of oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde [MDA], glutathione [GSH], catalase, superoxide dismutase and nitrite). Results The extract improves cognitive function and also upturned scopolamine amnesia in mice. The extract markedly reduced brain AChE, MDA, and nitrite contents in mice injected with scopolamine (p<0.05). It also attenuated scopolamine-induced deregulated GSH contents and antioxidant enzymes in mouse brain. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that regular consumption of TINUT might offer beneficial effects in memory-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Umukoro
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Love Okoh
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Sylvester C Igweze
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi M Ajayi
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Pamo University of Medical Sciences, Port Harcourt, River States, Nigeria
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Nagayama Y, Isoo N, Nakashima A, Suzuki K, Yamano M, Nariyama T, Yagame M, Matsui K. Renoprotective effects of paramylon, a β-1,3-D-Glucan isolated from Euglena gracilis Z in a rodent model of chronic kidney disease. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237086. [PMID: 32764782 PMCID: PMC7413521 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Paramylon is a novel β-glucan that is stored by Euglena gracilis Z, which is a unicellular photosynthesizing green alga with characteristics of both animals and plants. Recent studies have indicated that paramylon functions as an immunomodulator or a dietary fiber. Currently, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem, and there is no effective preventive treatment for CKD progression. However, paramylon may suppress the progression of CKD via the elimination of uremic toxins or modulation of gut microbiota, leading to the alleviation of inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of paramylon in CKD rat model. Eight-week-old male Wistar rats with a 5/6 nephrectomy were given either a normal diet or a diet containing 5% paramylon for 8 weeks. Proteinuria was measured intermittently. Serum and kidney tissues were harvested after sacrifice. We performed a renal molecular and histopathological investigation, serum metabolome analysis, and gut microbiome analysis. The results showed that paramylon attenuated renal function, glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial injury, and podocyte injury in the CKD rat model. Renal fibrosis, tubulointerstitial inflammatory cell infiltration, and proinflammatory cytokine gene expression levels tended to be suppressed with paramylon treatment. Further, paramylon inhibited the accumulation of uremic toxins, including tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related metabolites and modulated a part of CKD-related gut microbiota in the CKD rat model. In conclusion, we suggest that paramylon mainly inhibited the absorption of non-microbiota-derived uremic solutes, leading to protect renal injury via anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. Paramylon may be a novel compound that can act against CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikuni Nagayama
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Teikyo University School of Medicine, University Hospital, Mizonokuchi, Kawasaki, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Naoyuki Isoo
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Teikyo University School of Medicine, University Hospital, Mizonokuchi, Kawasaki, Japan
| | | | | | - Mizuki Yamano
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Teikyo University School of Medicine, University Hospital, Mizonokuchi, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nariyama
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Teikyo University School of Medicine, University Hospital, Mizonokuchi, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Motoka Yagame
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Teikyo University School of Medicine, University Hospital, Mizonokuchi, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Matsui
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Teikyo University School of Medicine, University Hospital, Mizonokuchi, Kawasaki, Japan
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Chang H, Liu Q, Bai WF, Bai YC, Jia XY, Gao C, Liu QL, Shi SL, Zhou HB. Protective effects of Amygdalus mongolica on rats with renal fibrosis based on serum metabolomics. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 257:112858. [PMID: 32278030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Renal fibrosis (RF) is a common outcome of various progressive chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) and, thus, seriously endangers human health. As the active ingredient of Amygdalus mongolica, amygdalin inhibits RF. Furthermore, our previous studies demonstrated that n-butanol extract (BUT) and petroleum ether extract (PET), which are effective components of A. mongolica, have an anti-renal fibrosis effect. However, their potential mechanisms of action are unclear and need further verification. AIMS OF THE STUDY The aims of this study were to further investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of A. mongolica extracts in the treatment of RF. MATERIALS AND METHODS The animals were divided into the control group, RF model group, PET group and BUT group. The RF rat model was established through unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Biochemical indicators, including blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), and hydroxyproline (HYP, a routine marker of fibrosis), and the antioxidant index (including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA)) were measured to evaluate the anti-RF effects of the extracts of A. mongolica. The histomorphology of renal tissue was observed and scored by HE and Masson staining. A serum metabonomic analysis based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS was performed to assess the changes in the metabolic profile among the different groups. RESULTS The results showed that PET and BUT significantly improved tubulointerstitial damage and fibrosis by reducing the levels of Scr, BUN, HYP, and MDA and increasing the level of SOD. Moreover, no significant differences in efficacy were observed between the BUT and PET groups. According to the metabolomics analysis, seventy-four potential biomarkers were identified, and eight crucial biomarkers were further selected. These key biomarkers significantly contributed to RF progression by participating in six metabolic pathways, including pathways involved in arginine and proline metabolism, histidine metabolism, nicotinamide metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversion, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism. In addition, eight key biomarkers and six crucial biomarkers were restored to levels similar to those observed in controls following the treatment with PET and BUT, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The outcomes of these studies demonstrate the renoprotective effects of A. mongolica extracts in rats with RF and revealed the mechanism underlying these antifibrotic effects on metabolic activity for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014040, China.
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014040, China.
| | - Wan-Fu Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014040, China.
| | - Ying-Chun Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014040, China.
| | - Xiao-Ye Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014040, China.
| | - Chen Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014040, China.
| | - Quan-Li Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014040, China; Academician Work Station for Efficacy, Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Mongolian Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014040, China.
| | - Song-Li Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014040, China; Academician Work Station for Efficacy, Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Mongolian Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014040, China.
| | - Hong-Bing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014040, China.
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Wei R, Ma Q, Zhong G, He J, Sang Z. Isolation and characterization of flavonoid derivatives with anti-prostate cancer and hepatoprotective activities from the flowers of Hosta plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 253:112685. [PMID: 32101774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The flower of Hosta plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers (Liliaceae) is a traditional medicinal material in Mongolian medicine for treating sore throat, hoarseness, pulmonary fever, and toxic fever in folk. The present work investigated anti-prostate cancer and hepatoprotective activities of flavonoid derivatives from H. plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers. AIM OF THE STUDY To isolate and identify the chemicals of H. plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers for anti-prostate cancer and hepatoprotective activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS Active chemicals were isolated and purified from H. plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers by chromatographic methods, and their structures were established on spectroscopic analysis and references. These compounds were evaluated for their anti-prostate cancer activities using the LNCaP prostate cancer cells, and assayed for their hepatoprotective activities on CCl4-induced injury of human L-O2 cells, respectively. RESULTS Four new flavonol-lignan heterodimers (1-4), together with nine known flavonoid derivatives (5-13) were isolated from this plant for the first time. Among them, some compounds exhibited moderate anti-prostate cancer and hepatoprotective activities. CONCLUSION Compounds 1, 2, 5, and 6 showed anti-prostate cancer activities using the LNCaP prostate cancer cells with IC50 values of 17.84, 33.26, 54.13, and 81.55 μg/mL, and compounds 3, 4, 8, and 9 exhibited moderate hepatoprotective activities, respectively. A preliminary structure-activity relation was summarized in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrui Wei
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Qinge Ma
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Guoyue Zhong
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Junwei He
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Zhipei Sang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China
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Shehab NG, Shahiwala A, Benouared I, Khan R. Preparation and antihepatotoxicity activity of Fagonia indica extract and its solid dispersion formulation. Pak J Pharm Sci 2020; 33:1025-1032. [PMID: 33191226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate and compare the antihepatotoxicity effect of Fagonia indica extract and its solid dispersion formulation (SD) against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Dried Ethanolic plant extract was prepared by cold maceration in ethanol followed by solvent evaporation under reduced pressure. Quality control of crude extract was performed and the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined. Solid dispersion (SD) formulations were prepared by solvent evaporation technique and optimized with respect to drug solubility. Antihepatotoxicity activities of Fagonia indica extract and optimized solid dispersion were performed against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Quality control parameters like total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, crude fiber content and moisture content were within the acceptable limits. Total flavonoid and phenolic contents were found to be 31.289mg quercetin equivalents/g and 40.28mg gallic acid equivalent/g respectively. TLC Investigation of the plant extract revealed the presence of gallic acid, kaempferol and quarcetin. Optimized SD formulation with 200 mg of the dried extract, 350mg of PEG 4000 and 50mg of Tween 20 showed almost four-fold increasing in the solubility of the extract in water. The average hydrodynamic diameter of extract particles was reduced from 1972 nm to 437.6nm when prepared as SD. SD formulation showed highest antihepatotoxicity activity compared with plain plant extract at the same concentration. Optimized SD formulation at 500mg dose showed complete recovery from hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol in rats. Therefore, SD is found to be one of the promising strategy to enhance the antihepatoxicity activity of Fagonia indica plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa Gamil Shehab
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products Department, Dubai Pharmacy College, Dubai, UAE/Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | | | | | - Rawoof Khan
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Dubai Pharmacy College, Dubai, UAE
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Fanoudi S, Alavi MS, Karimi G, Hosseinzadeh H. Milk thistle ( Silybum Marianum) as an antidote or a protective agent against natural or chemical toxicities: a review. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 43:240-254. [PMID: 30033764 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2018.1485687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Biological and chemical agents cause dangerous effects on human health via different exposing ways. Recently, herbal medicine is considered as a biological and safe treatment for toxicities. Silybum marianum (milk thistle), belongs to the Asteraceae family, possesses different effects such as hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic activities. Several studies have demonstrated that this plant has protective properties against toxic agents. Herein, the protective effects of S. marianum and its main component, silymarin, which is the mixture of flavonolignans including silibinin, silydianin and silychristin acts against different biological (mycotoxins, snake venoms, and bacterial toxins) and chemical (metals, fluoride, pesticides, cardiotoxic, neurotoxic, hepatotoxic, and nephrotoxic agents) poisons have been summarized. This review reveals that main protective effects of milk thistle and its components are attributed to radical scavenging, anti-oxidative, chelating, anti-apoptotic properties, and regulating the inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Fanoudi
- Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Sadat Alavi
- Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR, Iran
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Yi X, Jiang S, Qin M, Liu K, Cao P, Chen S, Deng J, Gao C. Compounds from the fruits of mangrove Sonneratia apetala: Isolation, molecular docking and antiaging effects using a Caenorhabditis elegans model. Bioorg Chem 2020; 99:103813. [PMID: 32334190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The chemical investigation of the fruits of a mangrove Sonneratia apetala collected from the Beibu Gulf led to the isolation of four new compounds, sonneradons A-D (1-4), as well as 18 known compounds (5-22). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis, and the structures of the known compounds were established by comparison of their spectroscopic data with those of related metabolites. The antiaging activities of all isolates were evaluated using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism. The results showed that 10 compounds could protect C. elegans by extending its lifespan. Compound 1 possessed the most potent effect in the anti-heat stress assay and significantly attenuated aging-related decreases in the pumping and bending of the nematodes in the healthspan assay. Molecular docking studies suggested that compound 1 was bound to the DNA binding domain of HSF-1 and promoted the conformation of HSF-1, thus strengthening the interaction between the HSF-1 and related DNA. GLN49, ASN-74, and LYS-80 of the binding region might be the key amino residues during the interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxi Yi
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China; Institutes of Marine Drugs/College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China; College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Institutes of Marine Drugs/College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Mei Qin
- Institutes of Marine Drugs/College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Institutes of Marine Drugs/College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Pei Cao
- Institutes of Marine Drugs/College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Shimin Chen
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Jiagang Deng
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China; Institutes of Marine Drugs/College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China.
| | - Chenghai Gao
- Institutes of Marine Drugs/College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China.
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Li XY, Chen HR, Zha XQ, Chen S, Pan LH, Li QM, Luo JP. Prevention and possible mechanism of a purified Laminaria japonica polysaccharide on adriamycin-induced acute kidney injury in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 148:591-600. [PMID: 31958563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present work aims to investigate the effects and underlying mechanism of a homogeneous Laminaria japonica polysaccharide (LJP61A) on acute kidney injury (AKI) in mice. According to the results of biochemical and pathological analysis, we concluded that LJP61A could protect kidney from the damage of adriamycin in AKI mice. Compared to the model group, the mRNA level of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and MCP-1) and protein level of mesenchymal markers demsin were decrease by the treatment of LJP61A while the protein levels of podocyte structure markers (Nephrin and WT-1) were increased. Moreover, the adriamycin-induced enhancement of phosphor-p65, phosphor-p38, phosphor-ERK1/2 and phosphor-JNK in the kidney of AKI mice were significantly suppressed by LJP61A. Similar variation was observed in the mRNA and protein levels of TGF-β1 and Smad3. These results suggested that LJP61A prevented acute kidney injury possibly via regulating TGF-β1-mediated Smad3, MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ying Li
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Ran Chen
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Qiang Zha
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Disease of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shun Chen
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Pan
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang-Ming Li
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Luo
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
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Al-Sayed E, Michel HE, Khattab MA, El-Shazly M, Singab AN. Protective Role of Casuarinin from Melaleuca leucadendra against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats. Planta Med 2020; 86:32-44. [PMID: 31689719 DOI: 10.1055/a-1031-7328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Gastric ulcer is a major health problem. Current treatment options of gastric ulcer, including antagonists of histamine H2 receptor and inhibitors of the proton pump, do not cure gastric ulcers, but only provide temporary relief of symptoms and can be associated with severe side effects. The lack of effective and safe medications for this global health problem urges for the discovery of novel classes of compounds with potent activity and an acceptable safety profile. Ethanol-induced ulceration in rats was used to evaluate the gastroprotective activity of casuarinin, an ellagitannin isolated from Melaleuca leucadendra. Casuarinin (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) reduced the ulcer area by 45, 78, and 99%, respectively, compared with the ulcer group. Casuarinin (100 mg/kg) increased mucin content by 1.8-fold and reduced acidity by 42%. At the same dose, it also increased the levels of reduced glutathione by 194%, catalase by 586%, and prostaglandin E2 to its normal level. In contrast, it attenuated the ethanol-increased levels of malondialdehyde by 56%, TNF-α by 58%, and caspase-3 by 87%. Histological findings demonstrated that casuarinin exhibited a protective effect against tissue alterations in response to the ethanol-induced ulcer. Casuarinin suppressed the immunoexpression of nuclear factor-kappa B, cyclooxygenase-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase to their normal values. It also induced the expression of heat shock protein-70, reaching up to 4.9-fold in comparison with the ulcer group. The potent gastroprotective effect of casuarinin was thus attributed to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects. Our results suggest the potential application of casuarinin as an antiulcer agent from natural sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Haidy E Michel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Lee D, Lee J, Vu-Huynh KL, Van Le TH, Tuoi Do TH, Hwang GS, Park JH, Kang KS, Nguyen MD, Yamabe N. Protective Effect of Panaxynol Isolated from Panax vietnamensis against Cisplatin-Induced Renal Damage: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E890. [PMID: 31861234 PMCID: PMC6995609 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyacetylenic compounds isolated from Panax species are comprised of non-polar C17 compounds, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antifungal activities. Panaxynol represents the major component of the essential oils of ginseng. We investigated whether panaxynol isolated from Panax vietnamensis (Vietnamese ginseng, VG) could prevent cisplatin-induced renal damage induced in vitro and in vivo. Cisplatin-induced apoptotic cell death was observed by staining with annexin V conjugated with Alexa Fluor 488, and western blotting evaluated the molecular mechanism. Panaxynol at concentrations above 0.25 μM prevented cisplatin-induced LLC-PK1 porcine renal proximal tubular cell death. LLC-PK1 cells treated with cisplatin demonstrated an increase in apoptotic cell death, whereas pretreatment with 2 and 4 μM panaxynol decreased this effect. Cisplatin demonstrated a marked increase in the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), P38, and cleaved caspase-3. However, pretreatment with 2 and 4 μM panaxynol reversed the upregulated phosphorylation of JNK, P38, and the expression of cleaved caspase-3. We confirmed that the protective effect of panaxynol isolated from P. vietnamensis in LLC-PK1 cells was at least partially mediated by reducing the cisplatin-induced apoptotic damage. In the animal study, panaxynol treatment ameliorated body weight loss and blood renal function markers and downregulated the mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahae Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; (D.L.); (J.L.); (G.S.H.); (K.S.K.)
| | - Jaemin Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; (D.L.); (J.L.); (G.S.H.); (K.S.K.)
| | - Kim Long Vu-Huynh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam;
| | - Thi Hong Van Le
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam; (T.H.V.L.); (T.H.T.D.)
| | - Thi Hong Tuoi Do
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam; (T.H.V.L.); (T.H.T.D.)
| | - Gwi Seo Hwang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; (D.L.); (J.L.); (G.S.H.); (K.S.K.)
| | - Jeong Hill Park
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea;
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; (D.L.); (J.L.); (G.S.H.); (K.S.K.)
| | - Minh Duc Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam; (T.H.V.L.); (T.H.T.D.)
| | - Noriko Yamabe
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; (D.L.); (J.L.); (G.S.H.); (K.S.K.)
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Liu J, Pandey P, Wang X, Adams K, Qi X, Chen J, Sun H, Hou Q, Ferreira D, Doerksen RJ, Hamann MT, Li S. Hepatoprotective Tetrahydrobenzocyclooctabenzofuranone Lignans from Kadsura longipedunculata. J Nat Prod 2019; 82:2842-2851. [PMID: 31556297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Three new tetrahydrobenzocyclooctabenzofuranone lignan glucosides, longipedunculatins A-C (1-3), a new dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan glucoside, longipedunculatin D (4), a new dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan (5), five new tetrahydrobenzocyclooctabenzofuranone lignans (6-10), and two new simple lignans (11, 12) were isolated from the roots of Kadsura longipedunculata. Their structures and absolute configurations were established using a combination of MS, NMR, and experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism data. Compound 7 showed moderate hepatoprotective activity against N-acetyl-p-aminophenol-induced toxicity in HepG2 cells with a cell survival rate at 10 μM of 50.8%. Compounds 2, 7, and 12 showed significant in vitro inhibitory effects with an inhibition rate of 55.1%, 74.9%, and 89.8% on nitric oxide production assays at 10 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , People's Republic of China
| | | | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , South Carolina 29425 , United States
| | | | - Xinzhu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiabao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , People's Republic of China
| | | | | | - Mark T Hamann
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , South Carolina 29425 , United States
| | - Shuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , People's Republic of China
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Yang CF, Lai SS, Chen YH, Liu D, Liu B, Ai C, Wan XZ, Gao LY, Chen XH, Zhao C. Anti-diabetic effect of oligosaccharides from seaweed Sargassum confusum via JNK-IRS1/PI3K signalling pathways and regulation of gut microbiota. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 131:110562. [PMID: 31181236 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Brown seaweed Sargassum confusum (C. Agardh) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat a variety of diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-diabetic effect of oligosaccharides from brown seaweed S. confusum (SCO). The anti-diabetic effect of SCO was evaluated in vivo using high-fat/high-sucrose fed hamsters. Molecular mechanisms of modulating gene expression of specific members of insulin signaling pathways were determined. The components of the intestinal microflora in diabetic animals were also analyzed by high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. And it was found that SCO had a sequence of sulfated anhydrogalactose and methyl sulfated galactoside units. Fasting blood glucose levels were significantly decreased after SCO administration. Histology showed that SCO could protect the cellular architecture of the liver. SCO could also significantly increase the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Clostridium XIVa and decrease that of Allobaculum, Bacteroides and Clostridium IV. The active role of SCO in anti-diabetic effect was revealed by its regulation of insulin receptor substrate 1/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathways. These results suggested that SCO might be used as a functional material to regulate gut microbiota in obese and diabetic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Feng Yang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shan-Shan Lai
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Yi-Han Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Dan Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chao Ai
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Xu-Zhi Wan
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lu-Ying Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Xin-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China; Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
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Zhang Q, Tong X, Li Y, Wang H, Wang Z, Qi B, Sui X, Jiang L. Purification and Characterization of Antioxidant Peptides from Alcalase-Hydrolyzed Soybean ( Glycine max L.) Hydrolysate and Their Cytoprotective Effects in Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cells. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:5772-5781. [PMID: 31046268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to purify and identify antioxidant peptides from the low-molecular-weight fraction (SPH-I, MW < 3 kDa) of Alcalase-hydrolyzed soybean ( Glycine max L.) hydrolysate and further evaluate the cytoprotective effects of synthesized peptides against oxidative stress in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. After purification by gel filtration chromatography and reversed-phase HPLC, four major peptides were sequenced by nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS as VVFVDRL (847 Da, SPH-IA), VIYVVDLR (976 Da, SPH-IB), IYVVDLR (877 Da, SPH-IC), and IYVFVR (795 Da, SPH-ID). The antioxidant peptides were synthesized and displayed desirable DPPH radical-scavenging activity (from 16.5 ± 0.5 to 20.3 ± 1.0 μM Trolox equivalent (TE)/μM), ABTS•+ radical-scavenging activity (from 3.42 ± 0.2 to 4.24 ± 0.4 mM TE/μM), ORAC (from 143 ± 2.1 to 171 ± 4.8 μM TE/μM), and FRAP (from 54.7 ± 1.2 to 79.0 ± 0.6 mM Fe2+/μM). Moreover, the synthesized peptides protected Caco-2 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative damage via significantly downregulating intracellular ROS generation and lipid peroxidation ( p < 0.05). Additionally, SPH-IC and SPH-ID statistically upregulated total reduced glutathione synthesis, enhanced activities of catalase and glutathione reductase, and suppressed ROS-mediated inflammatory responses via inhibiting interleukin-8 secretion ( p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaozhi Zhang
- College of Food Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , China
| | - Xiaohong Tong
- College of Food Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Food Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , China
| | - Huan Wang
- College of Food Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , China
| | - Zhongjiang Wang
- College of Food Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , China
| | - Baokun Qi
- College of Food Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , China
| | - Xiaonan Sui
- College of Food Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , China
| | - Lianzhou Jiang
- College of Food Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , China
- National Research Center of Soybean Engineering and Technology , Harbin 150030 , China
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Li S, Luo S, Chen H, Zheng Y, Lin L, Yao H, Lin X. Protective effects of five compounds from Livistona chinensis R. Brown leaves against hypoxia/reoxygenation, H 2O 2, or adriamycin-induced injury in H9c2 cells. Drug Des Devel Ther 2019; 13:1555-1566. [PMID: 31190736 PMCID: PMC6514125 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s201816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Discovering new antimyocardial ischemia drug candidates that are highly efficient, have low toxicity, and originate from natural products is a popular trend for new cardiovascular drug development at present. The ethanol extract of Livistona chinensis leaves showed a favorable antioxidant activity in our preliminary screening test. This study aims to screen out antioxidants from the herb leaves further and evaluate their efficacy in acute myocardial ischemia treatment at the cellular level. Materials and methods: Guided with online 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) screening, antioxidants were first separated and isolated from the ethanol extract of L. chinensis leaves by preparative-HPLC. Subsequently, offline DPPH approach was used to validate the free radical scavenging activity of the components. Ultimately, the resulting antioxidants were evaluated against the hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-, H2O2-, or adriamycin (ADM)-induced injury in H9c2 cells to verify their cardioprotective effects in vitro. Results: Five antioxidant ingredients, namely, orientin, isoorientin, vitexin, isovitexin, and tricin, were quickly distinguished and isolated from L. chinensis leaves. The IC50 values of these ingredients were further examined by offline DPPH assay, as follows: 15.51±0.22, 6.64±0.38, 11.86±0.24, 8.89±0.66, and 31.86±0.24 μg/mL, respectively. Out of these ingredients, isoorientin showed the strongest antioxidation, which was equivalent to that of the positive control drug (vitamin C, IC50: 6.99±0.62 μg/mL). Using H/R-, H2O2-, and ADM-induced H9c2 cell injury models, the five ingredients had different extents of cardioprotective effects in vitro. In particular, isoorientin showed the strongest protection. All the five ingredients also showed insignificant cytotoxic effect to normal H9c2 cells. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of L. chinensis leaves contained five antioxidants with low cardiac cytotoxicity. Isoorientin possessed the strongest antioxidation, which can predominantly account for the myocardial protection effects within the extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoguang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou350122, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaohong Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou350122, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou350122, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou350122, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liqing Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou350122, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou350122, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou350122, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang H, Wei X, Lu S, Lin X, Huang J, Chen L, Huang X, Jiang L, Li Y, Qin L, Wei J, Huang R. Protective effect of DMDD, isolated from the root of Averrhoa carambola L., on high glucose induced EMT in HK-2 cells by inhibiting the TLR4-BAMBI-Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 113:108705. [PMID: 30877882 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia stimulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a critical role in initiating and progressing renal fibrosis in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). It is crucial to explore novel renal protective drugs for the treatment of DKD. OBJECTIVE The present study is to confirm our hypothesis and to accumulate the information for the application of DMDD (2-Dodecyl-6-methoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione) as a novel therapeutic agent to potentially inhibit renal fibrogenesis and EMT in the DKD. METHODS High glucose induced renal proximal tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2 cells) was cultured and treated with DMDD. The cell viability and DMDD cytotoxicity were assessed by CCK8. Immunofluorescence was used for detection of TLR4 and downstream protein in normal and high glucose induced HK-2 cells. HK-2 cells were transfected with lentivirus codifying for BAMBI (BMP and activin membrane bound inhibitor) and interfering RNA for determination of the effect of BAMBI over-expression and silencing, respectively. TLR4-BAMBI-Smad2/3 pathway was analyzed by means of RT-PCR and western blot. RESULTS A high concentration (60mM) of glucose induced significant EMT process and TLR4 expression was increased obviously in this circumstance. DMDD inhibited high expressions of TLR4 and Smad2/3 in HG induced cells and decreased the expression of BAMBI. In addition, the effects of decreased BAMBI expression and increased Smad2/3 expression in HG cultured cells were reversed in the cells of TAK-242 (TLR4 signaling inhibitor) intervention. BAMBI gene silencing dramatically increased EMT process and the over-expression of BAMBI was opposite in HK-2 cells with HG condition. These observations of EMT were ameliorated when the HK-2 cells were pre-treated with DMDD. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that DMDD treatment improves EMT in the HG induced HK-2 cells. In addition, DMDD significantly inhibits EMT by TLR4-BAMBI-Smad2/3 pathway, which hints that DMDD may be an alternative approach in diabetic renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Zhang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaojie Wei
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Shunyu Lu
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xing Lin
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jianchun Huang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Lixiu Chen
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Luhui Jiang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuchun Li
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Luhui Qin
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinbin Wei
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Renbin Huang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Chang YM, Tamilselvi S, Lin HJ, Tsai CC, Lin YM, Day CH, Viswanadha VP, Chang HN, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Alpinia oxyphylla Miq extract ameliorates cardiac fibrosis associated with D-galactose induced aging in rats. Environ Toxicol 2019; 34:172-178. [PMID: 30367734 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathophysiological process observed during chronic and stress-induced acceleration of cardiac aging. Fibrosis is a necessary process during wound healing and tissue repair. However, its deposition in organs would proceed to scarring and organ damage. Here Alpinate Oxyphyllae Fructus (AOF), a Chinese medicine extract was used to protect aging heart from collagen accumulation. About 8 weeks old, male SD rats were randomly divided into (i) Control, (ii) D-galactose induced aging (IA), (iii) IA + AOF 50 (AOF low, AL), (iv) IA + AOF 100 (AOF medium, AM), (v) IA + AOF 150 (AOF high, AH) mg/kg/day, AOF was administered orally. After 8 weeks rats were sacrificed and hearts were collected. Results showed collagen deposition and up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases-MMP-2 and -9 in D-galactose-induced aging rats. Furthermore, western blotting and immunostaining were also confirmed the upregulation of TGF-β1 mediated fibrosis in aging induced rats. However, collagen deposition and fibrosis were significantly decreased by AOF treatments (AM and AH). AOF treatments salvaged the cardiac fibrosis. Hence, AOF might be a potential therapeutic agent in the prevention of cardiac fibrosis associated with aging. The protective effects of AOF might have promising results in anti-aging treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Ming Chang
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Department, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- 1PT Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shanmugam Tamilselvi
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- Departments of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Tsai
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Department, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Hsin-Nung Chang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Departments of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Wang X, Han L, Li G, Peng W, Gao X, Klaassen CD, Fan G, Zhang Y. From the Cover: Identification of Natural Products as Inhibitors of Human Organic Anion Transporters (OAT1 and OAT3) and Their Protective Effect on Mercury-Induced Toxicity. Toxicol Sci 2019; 161:321-334. [PMID: 29045746 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mercury accumulates in kidneys and produces acute kidney injury. Semen cassiae (SC), a widely consumed tea and herbal medicine in Eastern Asia, has been reported to have protective effects on kidneys. In this study, SC extract was shown to almost abolish the histological alterations induced by mercuric chloride in rat kidneys. A total of 22 compounds were isolated from SC, and 1,7,8-methoxyl-2-hydroxyl-3-methyl-anthraquinone was detected in SC for the first time. Among the eight compounds identified in the blood of rats after SC treatment, six were strong inhibitors of human organic anion transporter 1 and 3 (OAT1 and OAT3). Inhibitory studies revealed that OAT1 and OAT3 were inhibited by SC constituents, in both a competitive and noncompetitive manner. Both OAT1- and OAT3-overexpressing cells were susceptible to the cytotoxicity of the cysteine-mercury conjugate, but only OAT1-overexpressing cells could be protected by 200 μM probenecid or 10 μM of the eight inhibitors in SC, suggesting that OAT1 is the major determinant in the cellular uptake of mercury. To facilitate the identification of inhibitors of OAT1 and OAT3, models of OAT1 and OAT3 were constructed using recently determined protein templates. By combining in silico and in vitro methods, inhibitors of OAT1 and OAT3 were predicted and validated from SC constituents. Collectively, the present study suggests that additional inhibitors of OAT1 and OAT3 can be predicted and validated from natural products by combining docking and in vitro screening, and could be a source of pharmaceutical compounds for developing treatments for mercury-induced kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lifeng Han
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Gentao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wei Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Curtis D Klaassen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160
| | - Guanwei Fan
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Youcai Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Raguraman V, L SA, J J, Palaniappan S, Gopal S, R T, R K. Sulfated polysaccharide from Sargassum tenerrimum attenuates oxidative stress induced reactive oxygen species production in in vitro and in zebrafish model. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 203:441-449. [PMID: 30318233 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The sulfated polysaccharide (SP) was isolated from the brown alga S. tenerrimum. The chemical composition of SP composed of 57 ± 0.29% of total sugar, 1.14 ± 0.28% of protein and 25.6 ± 0.45% of sulfate. Elemental analysis of SP shows 28.8% of carbon, 4.02% of hydrogen and 0.29% of nitrogen. The molecular weight of SP was estimated as 31 kDa. Further, the SP was characterized through FT-IR, 1H-NMR, GC-MS, XRD and TGA analysis. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity of SP showed 34.03-62.70% and 22.94-38.04% at the concentration of 25-125 μg/mL respectively. In addition, SP exerted a protective role against H2O2 mediated oxidative stress in fibroblast cells through scavenging intracellular ROS. Furthermore, ROS generation and cell death were significantly decreased in SP treated zebrafish embryos at 150 μg/mL, whereas the survival rate was increased. The protective effect of SP against oxidative stress might be utilized in pharmacological industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasantharaja Raguraman
- Centre for Ocean Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600 119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Stanley Abraham L
- Centre for Ocean Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600 119, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jyotsna J
- Centre for Ocean Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600 119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Seedevi Palaniappan
- Department of Environmental Science, Periyar University, Salem, 636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sathishkannan Gopal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thirugnanasambandam R
- Centre for Ocean Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600 119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kirubagaran R
- Marine Biotechnology Division, ESSO-NIOT, Chennai, 600100, Tamil Nadu, India
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Wang Y, Wang D, Zhang J, Liu D, Wang Z, Meng D. Isoquinolines from Corydalis tomentella from Tibet, China, possess hepatoprotective activities. Phytochemistry 2018; 155:93-99. [PMID: 30081273 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The phytochemical study on Corydalis tomentella Franch, a traditional Chinese medicinal plant in Tibet, China, led to the isolation of six previously undescribed isoquinolines, including two rarely reported N-benzyl ones, and twenty-one known ones firstly obtained from this plant. Their planar structures were elucidated by 1D, 2D NMR experiments and high resolution mass spectrometry, and the absolute configurations were determined by NOE experiments, electronic circular dichroism, and specific rotation. Seven isoquinolines exhibited stronger hepatoprotective activities than that of positive control in D-galactosamine induced L02 cells damage model, which could be served as the leading compounds for further investigations. The primary structure-activity relationship was also summarized accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjiao Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Dandan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Zihao Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Dali Meng
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
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Maleva M, Garmash E, Chukina N, Malec P, Waloszek A, Strzałka K. Effect of the exogenous anthocyanin extract on key metabolic pathways and antioxidant status of Brazilian elodea (Egeria densa (Planch.) Casp.) exposed to cadmium and manganese. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 160:197-206. [PMID: 29804017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Present study deals with the effect of 24 h pre-incubation with exogenous anthocyanins (ANTH), extracted from red cabbage leaves, on key metabolic processes (photosynthesis and respiration) and pro-/antioxidant balance in the aquatic macrophyte Egeria densa (Planch.) Casp., Hydrocharitaceae family, treated with Cd and Mn (in sulfate form) at a concentration of 100 μmol. After five days of metal treatments, Cd was accumulated and the damage caused to metabolic processes was stronger than Mn. In Cd-treated leaves, the protein level, chlorophyll concentration and maximal photochemical efficiency of PS II decreased twofold, and net-photosynthesis was significantly inhibited, whereas lipid peroxidation and H2O2 production increased. In turn, protective responses developed, including an increase in the total soluble thiols, alternative respiratory pathway capacity and the activity of superoxide dismutase and peroxidases. Pre-incubation in the ANTH-enriched extract caused an increase in foliar ANTH content, enhanced Cd and reduced Mn uptake into the tissue. A decrease in the level of oxidative reactions, an increase in the protein and chlorophyll concentration compared to the control values and a partial improvement of the photosynthetic parameters confirmed the ability of ANTH to reduce Cd-induced damage effects and to mitigate ROS-driven stress reactions. Stimulation of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activity, an alternative respiration capacity and non-enzymatic antioxidant (carotenoids, ascorbate and proline) synthesis by ANTH were also revealed. These data suggest that ANTH-enriched extract from red cabbage leaves has a protective action against metal toxicity in Egeria plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Maleva
- Department of Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
| | - Elena Garmash
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia.
| | - Nadezhda Chukina
- Department of Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
| | - Przemysław Malec
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Waloszek
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Strzałka
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
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Cengiz MZ. Renoprotective effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn (Silymarin) on thioacetamide-induced renal injury: Biochemical and histopathological approach. Pak J Pharm Sci 2018; 31:2137-2141. [PMID: 30393224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Thioacetamide (TAA), recognized as an experimental toxin, mainly causes acute liver damage through the production of free radicals. TAA as well induces renal dysfunction hence; renal failure is often related with the end-stage of the hepatic damage. The aim of the current study was to examine the protective effects of Silymarin (Sil) against TAA-induced kidney damage in this current study. The twenty eight rats were separated into four groups. Group 1 was performed as control (saline 0,5 mL intraperitonally i.p.). Group 2 was given to 50 mg/kg TAA (i.p.). Group 3 was administrated with TAA just after 50 mg/kg Sil (per os (p.o.)). Group 4 was treated to TAA just after 100 mg/kg Sil. In end (fourteenth days) of study, tissue and blood samples of animals were collected for morphological and biochemical assessment. Our results show that Sil treatment apart from the TAA administration profitably changed the poisonous effects on the rats. In addition, 100 mg/kg Sil was more protective than 50 mg/kg Sil treatment indicated by histopathological, and biochemical values. In conclusion, Sil therapy before TAA could guard kidney tissues against TAA induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Z Cengiz
- Department of Elementary Education, Faculty of Education, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
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Zeb A, Rahman L. Eruca sativa seed oil: Characterization for potential beneficial Properties. Pak J Pharm Sci 2018; 31:1251-1258. [PMID: 30033408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Eruca sativa (ES) seed oil is used in food preparation and as source of natural medication. Eruca sativa (ES) seed oil was analysed for phenolic composition using high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD), pigment contents, quality characteristics. The oil was fed to rabbits for two weeks. Serum biochemistry, haematological and liver histological parameters were studied. Results showed that quercetin, caffeic acid and chlorogenic acids were the major phenolic compounds. Lycopene and other pigments were present in considerable amounts. Animal studies showed that the body weight of rabbits decreases with the increase of ES oil. The level of serum glucose, total cholesterols, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol decrease significantly, while an increase was observed in the HDL-cholesterol. The level of white blood cells including lymphocytes and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration increases, while a significant increase occurred in platelets count with the increase of ES seed oil dose. In the present study microscopic observations in control and the treated groups showed similar cytoarchitecture of the liver with no significant histological changes. It is concluded that Eruca sativa seed oil is a rich source of important phytochemicals with anti-obesity properties in selected animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alam Zeb
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Lutfur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
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Ma QG, Wei RR, Yang M, Huang XY, Wang F, Sang ZP, Liu WM, Yu Q. Molecular Characterization and Bioactivity of Coumarin Derivatives from the Fruits of Cucumis bisexualis. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:5540-5548. [PMID: 29775541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cucumis bisexualis (Cucurbitaceae) is known as "mapao egg" or "muskmelon egg", which has been widely used as a wild melon in Chinese folk. Nine new coumarin derivatives (1-9), named 7-hydroxy-3-(4',6'-dihydroxy-5'-isopropyl-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen)-6-prenyl-2 H-chro-men-2-one (1), 7-hydroxy-3-(5'-prenyl-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen)-6-prenyl-2 H-chromen-2-one (2), 3-(6'-hydroxy-5'-prenyl-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen)-6-prenyl-2 H-chromen-2-one (3), 3-(5'-ethyl-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen)-6-prenyl-2 H-chromen-2-one (4), 3-(4',6'-dihydroxy-5'-dimeth-ylallyl-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen)-6-prenyl-2 H-chromen-2-one (5), 3-[4',6'-dihydroxy-5'-(2-pro-penyl)-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen]-14,15-dimethyl-pyrano-chromen-2-one (6), 3-(6'-dihydroxy-5'-isopropanol-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen)-14,15-dimethyl-pyrano-chromen-2-one (7), 3-(5'-iso-pentenol-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen)-14,15-dimethyl-pyrano-chromen-2-one (8), 3-(4',6'-dihydr-oxy-5'-prenyl-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen)-14,15-dimethyl-pyrano-chromen-2-one (9), together with 12 known compounds (10-21), were isolated and identified by spectroscopic analysis and references from the active site (EtOAc soluble fraction) of the fruits of C. bisexualis for the first time. Compounds (1-21) were evaluated for antiacetylcholinesterase (AChE) and hepatoprotective activities for the first time. Compounds 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 9 showed anti-AChE activities with IC50 values ranging from 11.23 to 89.69 μM, and compounds 2, 4, 12, 15, 17, 18, and 19 (10 μM) exhibited moderate hepatoprotective activities. These findings shed much light on a better understanding of the anti-AChE and hepatoprotective effects of these coumarin derivatives and provided new insights into developing better anti-AChE and hepatoprotective drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Ge Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and High Efficiency Energy Saving and Consumption Reduction Pharmaceutical Equipment, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine , Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanchang 330004 China
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering , Nanyang Normal University , Nanyang 473061 China
| | - Rong-Rui Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and High Efficiency Energy Saving and Consumption Reduction Pharmaceutical Equipment, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine , Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanchang 330004 China
| | - Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and High Efficiency Energy Saving and Consumption Reduction Pharmaceutical Equipment, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine , Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanchang 330004 China
| | - Xiao-Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and High Efficiency Energy Saving and Consumption Reduction Pharmaceutical Equipment, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine , Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanchang 330004 China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and High Efficiency Energy Saving and Consumption Reduction Pharmaceutical Equipment, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine , Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanchang 330004 China
| | - Zhi-Pei Sang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering , Nanyang Normal University , Nanyang 473061 China
| | - Wen-Min Liu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering , Nanyang Normal University , Nanyang 473061 China
| | - Qing Yu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering , Nanyang Normal University , Nanyang 473061 China
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Cui Q, Pan Y, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Ren S, Wang D, Wang Z, Liu X, Xiao W. Metabolites of Dietary Acteoside: Profiles, Isolation, Identification, and Hepatoprotective Capacities. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:2660-2668. [PMID: 29478321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, cistanche tea has been increasingly used as a major herbal supplement in functional drinks, and it has attracted a growing number of consumers because of its excellent tonic effects and medicinal properties. Acteoside (ACT), which is the principal bioactive component of Chinese cistanche tea, possesses various pharmacological effects. This study profiled, isolated, identified, and investigated the hepatoprotective capacities of metabolites in rat urine after the administration of ACT. Eleven metabolites, including one new compound (M8), were obtained and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for the first time. Compared with native ACT, ACT metabolites such as hydroxytyrosol (HT), 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid (3-HPP), and caffeic acid (CA) exhibited higher hepatoprotective activities by regulating oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory responses in a GalN/LPS-induced-acute-hepatic-injury mouse model. The HT treatment markedly reduced the levels of TNF-α to 280 ± 14.3 ng/L compared with the model group (429 ± 9.20 ng/L, p < 0.01). The results obtained indicated that cistanche tea could be developed as a functional drink for the prevention of hepatic injuries and that ACT metabolites could be responsible for the potent hepatoprotective activity as well as the other therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Cui
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , 103 Wenhua Road , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Yingni Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , 103 Wenhua Road , Shenyang 110016 , China
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Company Ltd. , Lianyungang 222001 , China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , 103 Wenhua Road , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , 103 Wenhua Road , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Shumeng Ren
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , 103 Wenhua Road , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , 103 Wenhua Road , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Company Ltd. , Lianyungang 222001 , China
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process , Lianyungang 222001 , China
| | - Xiaoqiu Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , 103 Wenhua Road , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Company Ltd. , Lianyungang 222001 , China
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process , Lianyungang 222001 , China
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46
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Elkhadragy MF, Al-Olayan EM, Al-Amiery AA, Abdel Moneim AE. Protective Effects of Fragaria ananassa Extract Against Cadmium Chloride-Induced Acute Renal Toxicity in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 181:378-387. [PMID: 28567583 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1062-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For experiments of cadmium toxicity in animal models, cadmium (II) chloride is often used due to its solubility in water and its ability to produce high concentrations of cadmium at the target site. The present study was designed to investigate the potential inhibitory effect of the Fragaria ananassa fruit extract on cadmium (II) chloride-induced renal toxicity in rats. Tested animals were pretreated with the extract of F. ananassa and injected with cadmium (II) chloride (6.5-mg/kg body weight) for 5 days. Cadmium (II) chloride significantly increased kidney cadmium concentration, kidney weight, lipid peroxidation, and nitric oxide production. Plasma uric acid, urea, and creatinine levels also increased significantly, indicative of kidney dysfunction. These effects were accompanied by significantly decreased levels of nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant molecules (i.e., glutathione content and the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase). Moreover, messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of the antiapoptotic protein, Bcl-2, and the antioxidant proteins, superoxide dismutase 2 and glutathione reductase, were downregulated markedly, whereas mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α was upregulated significantly in kidney tissues of cadmium-treated rats. Histology of kidney tissue demonstrated severe, adverse changes that reflected cadmium-induced tissue damage. Pretreatment of rats with the extract of F. ananassa ameliorated all aforementioned cadmium (II) chloride-induced changes. In conclusion, the present study showed acute renal toxicity in rats treated with cadmium (II) chloride. The study also revealed that pretreatment with the extract of F. ananassa could protect the kidney against cadmium (II) chloride-induced acute renal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal F Elkhadragy
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ebtesam M Al-Olayan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Al-Amiery
- Environmental Research Center, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ahmed E Abdel Moneim
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
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You Y, Lee H, Yoon HG, Park J, Kim OK, Kim K, Lee MJ, Lee YH, Lee J, Jun W. A Blend of Extracts from Houttuynia cordata, Nelumbo nucifera, and Camellia sinensis Protects Against Ethanol-Induced Liver Damage in C57BL/6 Mice. J Med Food 2018; 21:203-206. [PMID: 29356593 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.4043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The protective activity of a mixture of aqueous and ethanolic extracts from Houttuynia cordata Thunb, Nelumbo nucifera G. leaves, and Camellia sinensis seed (HNC) was evaluated in C57BL/6 mice. Pretreatment with HNC prevented the elevation of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase caused by ethanol-induced hepatic damage. The HNC-treated mice showed significantly lower triglyceride levels, reduced CYP2E1 activity, and increased antioxidant enzyme activities and lipogenic mRNA levels. These results suggest that HNC might be a candidate agent for liver protection against ethanol-induced oxidative damage, through enhancement of antioxidant and antilipogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghee You
- 1 Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University , Gwangju, Korea
- 2 University Industry Liaison Office of CNU, Chonnam National University , Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyunmi Lee
- 1 Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University , Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ho-Geun Yoon
- 3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeongjin Park
- 1 Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University , Gwangju, Korea
- 4 Research Institute for Human Ecology, Chonnam National University , Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ok-Kyung Kim
- 1 Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University , Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kyungmi Kim
- 5 Department of Biofood Analysis, Korea Bio Polytechnic , Ganggyung, Korea
| | - Min-Jae Lee
- 6 NutriPlan Co., Ltd. , Research Center, Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Yoo-Hyun Lee
- 7 Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Suwon , Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Jeongmin Lee
- 8 Research Institute of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University , Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Woojin Jun
- 1 Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University , Gwangju, Korea
- 4 Research Institute for Human Ecology, Chonnam National University , Gwangju, Korea
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Aragão TP, Prazeres LDKTD, Brito SA, Neto PJR, Rolim LA, Almeida JRGDS, Caldas GFR, Wanderley AG. Contribution of Secondary Metabolites to the Gastroprotective Effect of Aqueous Extract of Ximenia americana L. (Olacaceae) Stem Bark in Rats. Molecules 2018; 23:E112. [PMID: 29315228 PMCID: PMC6017445 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ximenia americana L. (Olacaceae) is used in ethnomedicine as cicatrizant and for the treatment of gastric disorders. This study identified the chemical constituents of the aqueous extract of X. americana (XaAE) and evaluated its antiulcerogenic activity. After lyophilization, XaAE was analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and its antiulcerogenic effect was evaluated in acute gastric lesions induced by ethanol, acidified ethanol, and indomethacin. Antisecretory action, mucus production and the participation of sulfhydryl groups (-SH) and nitric oxide (NO) were also investigated. The chromatographic analysis identified procyanidins B and C and catechin/epicatechin as major compounds. Oral administration of XaAE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) inhibited the gastric lesions induced by ethanol (76.1%, 77.5% and 100%, respectively), acidified ethanol (44.9%, 80.6% and 94.9%, respectively) and indomethacin (56.4%, 52.7% and 64.9%, respectively). XaAE reduced gastric contents and acidity (51.4% and 67.7%, respectively) but did not alter the production of gastric mucus. The reduction of the -SH and NO groups promoted by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) and Nω-nitro-l-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME) respectively, reduced the gastroprotective effect of XaAE. In conclusion, XaAE has gastroprotective activity mediated in part by -SH, NO and antisecretory activity. This antiulcer action was initially correlated to its major constituents, procyanidins B and C and catechin/epicatechin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ticiana Parente Aragão
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50740-521, PE, Brazil.
- Department of Nutrition, University of Pernambuco, Petrolina 56328-903, PE, Brazil.
| | | | - Samara Alves Brito
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50740-521, PE, Brazil.
| | - Pedro José Rolim Neto
- Laboratory of Medication Technology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50740-521, PE, Brazil.
| | - Larissa Araújo Rolim
- Central of Analysis of Drugs, Medicines and Food, Federal University of San Francisco Valley, Petrolina 56304-205, PE, Brazil.
| | | | - Germana Freire Rocha Caldas
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil.
| | - Almir Gonçalves Wanderley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50740-521, PE, Brazil.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil.
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Abstract
CONTEXT Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. (Cuscutaceae) has been used traditionally for treating sore knees and kidney problems, but its efficacy has not been scientifically examined in treating arthritis and nephrotoxicity. OBJECTIVE Present study determines antiarthritic and nephroprotective potential of the aqueous methanolic extract of Cuscuta reflexa (AMECR). MATERIALS AND METHODS Antiarthritic activity of Cuscuta reflexa in formaldehyde and turpentine oil-induced rat arthritis models was appraised at 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg doses for 10 days and 6 h period, respectively, and in vitro protein denaturation (bovine serum albumin, egg albumin) inhibition was studied at 25-800 μg/mL concentration. The nephroprotective effect involved gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats at 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg doses. RESULTS Plant extract at 600 mg/kg significantly reduced paw oedema and joint swelling with maximal inhibition of 71.22% at the 6th hour for turpentine oil and 76.74% on 10th day for formaldehyde. Likewise, in vitro results corroborated significant concentration-dependent increase in percentage protection at 800 μg/mL against both bovine serum albumin (89.30%) and egg albumin (93.51%) denaturation. Similarly, 600 mg/kg dose showed maximum nephroprotection by reducing serum urea (41.400 ± 0.510 mg/dL), uric acid (0.740 ± 0.032 mg/dL), blood urea nitrogen (18.370 ± 0.328), creatinine (3.267 ± 0.076) and minimizing kidney weight gain (0.586 ± 0.005) and histopathological alterations on 8th day. Furthermore, phytochemical and HPLC analysis revealed the presence of important phytoconstituents. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that AMECR provides protection against arthritis and nephrotoxicity that might be due to the existence of phytoconstituents, thus supporting folkloric claim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Gul Niazi
- a Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Sargodha , Sargodha , Pakistan
| | - Ambreen Malik Uttra
- a Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Sargodha , Sargodha , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Qaiser
- a Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Sargodha , Sargodha , Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Ahsan
- a Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Sargodha , Sargodha , Pakistan
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50
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Ahmed Abdel-Reheim M, Messiha BAS, Abo-Saif AA. Quillaja saponaria bark saponin protects Wistar rats against ferrous sulphate-induced oxidative and inflammatory liver damage. Pharm Biol 2017; 55:1972-1983. [PMID: 28728456 PMCID: PMC6130630 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1345950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Saponins from different sources are historically reported in Chinese medicine to possess many beneficial effects. However, insufficient experimental data are available regarding the hepatoprotective potential of Quillaja bark saponin. OBJECTIVE The protective effect of Quillaja saponaria Molina (Quillajaceae) bark triterpenoid saponin against iron-induced hepatotoxicity is compared to the standard N-acetylcysteine in adult male Wistar rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals were divided into (six) groups, namely a normal control, an N-acetylcysteine control (300 mg/kg/day, p.o., 10 days), a saponin control (100 mg/kg/day, p.o., for 10 days), a hepatotoxicity control (two doses of ferrous sulphate, 30 mg/kg/day each, i.p., on 9th and 10th day), an N-acetylcysteine plus ferrous sulphate (standard treatment) and a saponin plus ferrous sulphate (test treatment) group. Hepatocyte integrity loss markers (serum ALT, AST, ALP, GGT and LDH), oxidative stress markers (hepatic MDA, GSH and NOx), dyslipidaemic markers (serum TC and TG) and hepatocyte functioning markers (serum bilirubin and albumin) were assessed. RESULTS Quillaja bark saponin decreased iron-induced elevation of ALT (reaching 57% of hepatotoxicity control), AST (66%), ALP (76%), GGT (60%), LDH (54%), MDA (65%), NOx (77%), TC (70%), TG (54%), and total (54%), direct (54%) and indirect (54%) bilirubin, coupled with increased GSH (219%) and albumin (159%) levels. Histopathological study strongly supported biochemical estimations, while immunohistochemical study showed marked effect on eNOS and iNOS expression. CONCLUSIONS Quillaja bark saponin has a good hepatoprotective effect. Amelioration of oxidative stress and suppression of NOS expression, with resultant maintenance of hepatocyte integrity and functioning, may explain this beneficial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali Ahmed Abo-Saif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni Suef, Egypt
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