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Chackartchi T, Bosshardt DD, Imber JC, Stähli A, Sacks H, Nagy K, Sculean A. Histological evaluation following treatment of recession-type defects with coronally advanced flap and a novel human recombinant amelogenin. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5041-5048. [PMID: 37421492 PMCID: PMC10492744 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05123-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To histologically evaluate the effects of a novel human recombinant amelogenin (rAmelX) on periodontal wound healing / regeneration in recession-type defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 17 gingival recession-type defects were surgically created in the maxilla of three minipigs. The defects were randomly treated with a coronally advanced flap (CAF) and either rAmelX (test), or a CAF and placebo (control). At three months following reconstructive surgery, the animals were euthanized, and the healing outcomes histologically evaluated. RESULTS The test group yielded statistically significantly (p = 0.047) greater formation of cementum with inserting collagen fibers compared with the control group (i.e., 4.38 mm ± 0.36 mm vs. 3.48 mm ± 1.13 mm). Bone formation measured 2.15 mm ± 0.8 mm in the test group and 2.24 mm ± 1.23 mm in the control group, respectively, without a statistically significant difference (p = 0.94). CONCLUSIONS The present data have provided for the first-time evidence for the potential of rAmelX to promote regeneration of periodontal ligament and root cementum in recession-type defects, thus warranting further preclinical and clinical testing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The present results set the basis for the potential clinical application of rAmelX in reconstructive periodontal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tali Chackartchi
- Department of Periodontology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dieter D Bosshardt
- Department of Periodontology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Robert K. Schenk Laboratory of Oral Histology, Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Claude Imber
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Katalin Nagy
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
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Stähli A, Párkányi L, Aroca S, Stavropoulos A, Schwarz F, Sculean A, Bosshardt DD. The effect of connective tissue graft or a collagen matrix on epithelial differentiation around teeth and implants: a preclinical study in minipigs. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:4553-4566. [PMID: 37300738 PMCID: PMC10415429 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05080-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to histologically evaluate the healing at 8 weeks after coronally advanced flap (CAF) with either a superficial (SCTG) or deep palatal connective tissue graft (DCTG), or a collagen matrix (CM) to cover recession defects at teeth and implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS One mandibular side of 6 miniature pigs received each 3 titanium implants 12 weeks after extraction. Eight weeks later, recession defects were created around implants and contralateral premolars and 4 weeks later randomly subjected to CAF + SCTG, CAF + DCTG, or CAF + CM. After 8 weeks, block biopsies were histologically analyzed. RESULTS For the primary outcome, i.e., keratinization of the epithelium, all teeth and implants exhibited a keratinized epithelium with no histological differences among them also not in terms of statistically significant differences in length (SCTG 0.86 ± 0.92 mm, DCTG 1.13 ± 0.62 mm, and Cm, 1.44 ± 0.76 mm). Pocket formation was histologically seen at all teeth, around most implants with SCTG and DCTG, however not in the CM implant group. The connective tissue grafts showed hardly signs of degradation, whereas the CM was partly degraded and integrated in connective tissue. The mean gain in gingival height was similar in all experimental groups (SCTG 3.89 ± 0.80 mm, DCTG 4.01 ± 1.40 mm, CM 4.21 ± 0.64 mm). Statistically significant differences were found in the height of the junctional epithelium between the control teeth and the connective tissue groups (p = 0.009 and 0.044). CONCLUSIONS In this animal model, the use of either a superficial or deep connective tissue graft or a collagen membrane did not seem to have any impact on the epithelial keratinization around both teeth and implants. All procedures (CAF + SCTG/DCTG/CM) resulted in a long JE that was even longer at implants. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Deep/superficial palatal connective tissue graft yielded similar keratinization around teeth/implants. Given the absence of pocket formation and inflammatory processes at implants when using a CM, CAF + CM might bear potential clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - László Párkányi
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, 6720 Tisza Lajos Körút 64, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sofia Aroca
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Stavropoulos
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Carl Gustafs Väg 34, 20506, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Frank Schwarz
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dieter D Bosshardt
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Robert K. Schenk Laboratory of Oral Histology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 3, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
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Inchingolo AM, Malcangi G, Costa S, Fatone MC, Avantario P, Campanelli M, Piras F, Patano A, Ferrara I, Di Pede C, Netti A, de Ruvo E, Palmieri G, Settanni V, Carpentiere V, Tartaglia GM, Bordea IR, Lorusso F, Sauro S, Di Venere D, Inchingolo F, Inchingolo AD, Dipalma G. Tooth Complications after Orthodontic Miniscrews Insertion. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1562. [PMID: 36674316 PMCID: PMC9867269 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Orthodontic miniscrews (OM) are widely used in modern orthodontic clinical practice to improve skeletal anchorage and have a high safety profile. A complication at the time of OM insertion is tooth root perforation or periodontal ligament trauma. Rarely, OM injury can cause permanent damage, such as ankylosis, osteosclerosis, and loss of tooth vitality. The aim of this work was to analyze potential risks and dental complications associated with the use of OMs. A search of the PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Scopus databases was conducted without a time limit using the keywords "orthodontic mini-screw" and "dental damage", resulting in 99 studies. After screening and eligibility, including articles obtained through a citation search, 13 articles were selected. Four studies revealed accidental injuries caused by OM. Most of the damage was localized at the root level and resolved spontaneously with restorative cement formation after prompt removal of the OM, while the pain disappeared. In some cases, irreversible nerve damage, extensive lesions to the dentin-pulp complex, and refractory periapical periodontitis occurred, requiring endodontic and/or surgical treatment. The choice of insertion site was the most important element to be evaluated during the application of OMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuseppina Malcangi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Costa
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Pasquale Avantario
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Merigrazia Campanelli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Piras
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Assunta Patano
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Irene Ferrara
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Di Pede
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Netti
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta de Ruvo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giulia Palmieri
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Settanni
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Carpentiere
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Gianluca Martino Tartaglia
- UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Ioana Roxana Bordea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Felice Lorusso
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, University CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, C/Santiago Ramón y Cajal, s/n., Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Daniela Di Venere
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Gianna Dipalma
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
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Groenke BR, Idiyatullin D, Gaalaas L, Petersen A, Chew HP, Law A, Barsness B, Royal M, Ordinola-Zapata R, Fok A, Aregawi W, Nixdorf DR. Minimal Detectable Width of Tooth Fractures Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Method to Measure. J Endod 2022; 48:1414-1420.e1. [PMID: 36100083 PMCID: PMC9704057 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vertical root fracture (VRF) in root canal-treated (RCT) teeth is a common cause of pain, bone resorption, and tooth loss. VRF is also difficult to diagnose and measure. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the potential to identify VRF due to beneficial partial volume averaging, without using ionizing radiation. This investigation aimed to describe the narrowest VRFs detectable based on MRI, using micro-computed tomography (microCT) as the reference standard and proposes a method using profile integrals to measure the widths of small VRFs. METHODS VRFs were induced in 62 RCT tooth root samples. All samples were imaged in a phantom using MRI and reference imaging was obtained using microCT. The stacks of 3-dimensional axial MRIs were assessed by 3 board-certified endodontists. Evaluators determined the most coronal slice within the stack that was discernible as the extent of the VRF. This slice was measured on correlated microCT sections to determine the minimum VRF width (μm) detectable using a profile integral-based method to measure small fractures and negate the effects of the point spread function. RESULTS Using profile integrals to measure VRF width was repeatable and resulted in estimates that were on average 1 μm smaller than known reference widths. Adjusted median VRF width detected using MRI was 45 μm (first quartile: 26 μm, third quartile: 64 μm). CONCLUSION Using profile integrals is a valid way to estimate small VRF width. The MRI approach demonstrated ability to repeatedly detect VRFs as small as 26 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth R Groenke
- Division of TMD and Orofacial Pain, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
| | | | - Laurence Gaalaas
- Department of Radiology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Ashley Petersen
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Hooi Pin Chew
- Division of Biomaterials, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Alan Law
- Private Practice, The Dental Specialists, Woodbury, Minnesota
| | | | - Mathew Royal
- Private Practice, HealthPartners, St Paul, Minnesota
| | - Ronald Ordinola-Zapata
- Division of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Alex Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Wondwosen Aregawi
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Donald R Nixdorf
- Division of TMD and Orofacial Pain, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Departments of Radiology & Neurology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Lim GE, Son SA, Hur B, Park JK. Evaluation of the relationship between non-caries cervical lesions and the tooth and periodontal tissue: An ex-vivo study using micro-computed tomography. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240979. [PMID: 33112900 PMCID: PMC7592738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the height and depth of buccal non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) and the relationship between the size of buccal NCCLs and clinical crown-root ratio of both buccal and lingual (palatal) sides using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) images of the teeth and periodontal tissues from the cadavers. The micro-CT images of 56 teeth and their supporting tissues were obtained from 17 cadavers. From these images, the height and depth of NCCLs and the length of the buccal and lingual (palatal) clinical crowns were measured, and the conventional/modified clinical crown-root ratios were calculated. The height and depth ratio of NCCLs were analyzed statistically with the conventional/modified crown-root ratios by Pearson's correlation and multiple regression. According to the Pearson's correlation, the height and depth of buccal NCCLs were positively correlated with the modified buccal clinical crown-root ratio (p < 0.001 and p = 0.013, respectively). The regression model composed of variables of crown-root ratios explained the height of buccal NCCLs, and the prominent factor of the model was the modified buccal clinical crown-root ratio (p < 0.001). Moreover, the depth of buccal NCCLs was also explained by the regression model, and its prominent factor was the proportion of modified buccal and lingual (palatal) clinical crowns (p = 0.004). The buccal NCCLs were related to the crown-root ratios; particularly, the level of buccal gingival margin could be associated with the formation of buccal NCCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go-Eun Lim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Sung-Ae Son
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Bock Hur
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jeong-Kil Park
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Brooks JK, Sikka S, Ong K, Gamson EK, Price JB. Pathologic root migration secondary to vertical root fracture and full-coverage crowns: a report of 3 cases. Gen Dent 2020; 68:30-35. [PMID: 31859659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Occasionally, tooth fractures may demonstrate exaggerated pathologic root migration (PRM), often resulting in tooth loss. The early propagation of the root fracture may not be readily identifiable through clinical inspection and conventional radiographic imaging. Ultimately, increased root separation, isolated deep periodontal probing depth, and characteristic radiolucent changes may facilitate the diagnosis. This article describes 3 patients with unusual presentations of PRM in endodontically treated teeth restored with full-coverage crowns. One case illustrates the use of cone beam computed tomography for restorative assessment following root separation. Although it is efficacious to place crowns on most posterior endodontically treated teeth to maintain structural integrity, patients may remain at risk for catastrophic PRM and tooth loss. Timely extraction of teeth with hopeless PRM may minimize underlying bone resorption and the need for osseous regenerative procedures, ultimately improving the dental implant recipient site.
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Mani-Caplazi G, Hotz G, Wittwer-Backofen U, Vach W. Measuring incremental line width and appearance in the tooth cementum of recent and archaeological human teeth to identify irregularities: First insights using a standardized protocol. Int J Paleopathol 2019; 27:24-37. [PMID: 31550620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Irregular incremental lines (ILs) in the tooth cementum were previously associated with pregnancy and certain diseases. This study aims to identify irregular ILs and assess their patterns and reproducibility. MATERIALS 24 recent and 32 archaeological teeth from the nineteenth century with known birth history. METHODS Histological sections of tooth roots were microscopically assessed. The width and appearance of 16,605 ILs were measured according to a standardized protocol. RESULTS Irregular appearing ILs were present in earlier deposited ILs, which correspond to younger years in life. Irregular appearances decreased as the IL number increased, whereas irregular width was spread evenly across all ILs. Within-section reproducibility was relatively high for irregular appearance (intra class correlation close to 0.70 in recent and archaeological teeth) and irregular width (intra class correlation: recent: 0.49; archaeological: 0.58), whereas the across-section reproducibility was moderate. CONCLUSIONS Irregular width and appearance in ILs were identified successfully with within-section reproducibility. The moderate reproducibility across sections needs to be addressed in further studies by more systematic sampling of sections. SIGNIFICANCE The proposed protocol identifies irregularities in a reproducible manner and may suggest that irregular ILs could be used in paleopathology to identify pregnancies and diseases. LIMITATIONS The correlation between the identified irregular ILs and known pregnancies has not been assessed as part of this study. SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH The identified irregular ILs need to be validated by correlating them with known life history data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Mani-Caplazi
- Integrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science, University of Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Gerhard Hotz
- Integrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science, University of Basel, Switzerland; Natural History Museum of Basel, Anthropological Collection, Switzerland
| | | | - Werner Vach
- Integrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
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Kim JE, Hong JK, Yi WJ, Heo MS, Lee SS, Choi SC, Huh KH. Clinico-radiologic features of molar-incisor malformation in a case series of 38 patients: A retrospective observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17356. [PMID: 31577730 PMCID: PMC6783184 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Molar-incisor malformation (MIM) is a recently defined dental abnormality of molar root and incisors, and introduced as one of the causes of periapical and periodontal abscess. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical and radiological features of MIM, with special emphasis on various medical history. A total of 38 patients with MIM were included in this study. Radiographic features and clinical data, including medical history, chief complaint, associated complications, treatment, and prognosis, were retrospectively investigated. On radiographs, the affected molars showed short, slender, underdeveloped roots and constricted pulp chambers. All affected incisors and canines exhibited dilacerated short roots, wedge-shaped defect on the cervical part of the crown. Complications included periodontal bone loss (52.6%), endodontic lesion (50.0%), and endodontic-periodontal lesion (28.9%). The medical histories of the patients with MIM indicate that almost all (94.7%) were hospitalized due to problems during the neonatal period. MIM may cause various dental problems, such as periapical and periodontal abscess and early loss of the affected teeth. The early diagnosis of MIM on radiographs and appropriate treatment will contribute to a favorable prognosis, especially for young and adolescent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo-Eun Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital
| | - Joon-Ki Hong
- School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul
| | - Won-Jin Yi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul
| | - Min-Suk Heo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul
| | - Sam-Sun Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul
| | - Soon-Chul Choi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul
| | - Kyung-Hoe Huh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
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Poornima R, Meena AK, Pratibha G. Comparison of root surface roughness produced by air polishing combined with hand instrumentation or ultrasonic instrumentation: an in vitro study. Gen Dent 2019; 67:75-77. [PMID: 31355770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the surface roughness produced by root debridement during periodontal maintenance therapy. The root surface roughness produced by hand scaling and subsequent glycine powder air polishing (GPAP) was compared with that produced by ultrasonic scaling and subsequent GPAP. Fifty extracted incisor and premolar teeth were collected and randomly allocated to the following 5 groups (n = 10 per group): 1, hand scaling followed by GPAP; 2, ultrasonic scaling followed by GPAP; 3, hand scaling alone; 4, ultrasonic scaling alone; and 5, no treatment. After the initial scaling procedure, specimens in groups 1 and 2 were incubated at 37°C for 3 days. The specimens then underwent GPAP for 5 seconds. All specimens were examined under a profilometer, and the root surface roughness was measured in micrometers. The specimens in groups 1 (hand scaling with GPAP) and 2 (ultrasonic scaling with GPAP) were studied in detail under a scanning electron microscope. The different protocols produced the following mean root surface roughness values: group 1, 2.31 µm; group 2, 4.33 µm; group 3, 5.84 µm; group 4, 6.32 µm; and group 5, 9.20 µm. The difference between groups 1 and 2 was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In this in vitro study, hand scaling with curettes produced smoother root surfaces than ultrasonic scaling. Adjunctive use of GPAP for 5 seconds along with hand scaling or ultrasonic scaling resulted in improved root surface smoothness during periodontal maintenance therapy.
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Walsh RM, Woodmansey KF, He J, Svoboda KK, Primus CM, Opperman LA. Histology of NeoMTA Plus and Quick-Set2 in Contact with Pulp and Periradicular Tissues in a Canine Model. J Endod 2019; 44:1389-1395. [PMID: 30144833 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION NeoMTA Plus (Avalon Biomed Inc, Bradenton, FL) is a tricalcium silicate material similar to the first mineral trioxide aggregate product, ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Sirona, York, PA), but with improvements such as decreased setting time, increased ion release, increased water sorption, and nonstaining radiopacifiers. Quick-Set2 (Avalon Biomed Inc) is a newly formulated calcium aluminosilicate material that has a faster setting time and increased acid resistance and is nonstaining. The purpose of this study was to compare the healing of pulpal and periapical tissues in dogs after exposure to NeoMTA Plus and Quick-Set2 after pulpotomy and root-end surgery procedures. METHODS Seventy-two teeth (36 for each procedure) in 6 beagle dogs received pulpotomy or root-end surgery using either NeoMTA Plus or Quick-Set2. The dogs were sacrificed at 90 days, and the teeth and surrounding tissues were prepared for histologic evaluation. Sixty teeth were evaluated and scored histologically (29 with pulpotomies and 31 with root-end resections). Specimens were scored for inflammation, quality and thickness of dentin bridging, pulp tissue response, cementum and periodontal ligament formation, and apical bone healing. RESULTS Both materials displayed favorable healing at 90 days. The only significant difference was the quality of dentin bridge formation in pulpotomies using NeoMTA Plus compared with Quick-Set2. CONCLUSIONS Quick-Set2 and NeoMTA Plus had similar effects on inflammation, pulp response, periodontal ligament and cementum formation, and apical tissue healing in dogs. NeoMTA Plus had superior dentin bridge quality compared with Quick-Set2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Walsh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Texas.
| | - Karl F Woodmansey
- Center for Advanced Dental Education, St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jianing He
- Endodontics, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Texas
| | - Kathy K Svoboda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Texas
| | - Carolyn M Primus
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Bradenton, Florida
| | - Lynne A Opperman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Texas
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Zander V, Chan D, Sadr A. Microcomputed Tomography Evaluation of Root Dentin Caries Prevention by Topical Fluorides and Potassium Iodide. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:E874. [PMID: 30791530 PMCID: PMC6412410 DOI: 10.3390/s19040874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The mineral content of dental hard tissues has traditionally been measured by destructive tests such as transverse microradiography. Microfocus X-ray computed tomography (micro CT) has enabled non-destructive 3D assessment of tooth demineralization. This study compared the preventive effects of silver diammine fluoride (SDF) and potassium iodide (KI) in comparison with fluoride varnish. SDF has been known to arrest caries but darkens the tooth. KI creates a precipitate with SDF that reduces the discoloration, but its effects on SDF efficacy in terms of preventing demineralization of at-risk root dentin surfaces is unknown. Bovine root dentin blocks were randomly distributed into four groups and subjected to a pretreatment in each group (n = 8); Control: deionized water (DIW); F-Varnish: 5% sodium fluoride varnish: 38% Saforide; SDF+KI: SDF followed by saturated solution of KI in DIW. The treated dentin was subjected to 8 cycles of demineralization (pH 5) for 14 h and remineralization in artificial saliva (pH 7) for 10 h. Specimens were then scanned for 12 min using micro CT at 73 KV and 1012 µA with 8.3 μm resolution. The 3D images were analyzed in Amira software to calculate lesion depth (LD), surface layer mineral density (SL) and mineral loss (ΔZ) for each specimen. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni posthoc showed that there was a statistically significant difference between Control and all three other groups for all parameters (P < 0.001), however, there was no statistical difference among F-Varnish, SDF and SDF+KI (P > 0.05). Single application of F-Varnish, SDF and SDF+KI showed comparable preventive effects against root dentin demineralization. Application of KI did not affect anti-demineralization properties of SDF in this study. Micro CT is a quick and effective method for objective and high-resolution characterization of dentin caries lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vernon Zander
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Daniel Chan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Alireza Sadr
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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Almusawi MA, Gosadi I, Abidia R, Almasawi M, Khan HA. Potential risk factors for dental caries in Type 2 diabetic patients. Int J Dent Hyg 2018; 16:467-475. [PMID: 29749033 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic patients are known to be at higher risk for dental caries. However, the role of potential risk factors such as blood glucose, salivary glucose and glycaemic control in the occurrence of dental caries in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is not clearly understood so far, and therefore, it was evaluated in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 T2D patients from Saudi Arabia. The caries risk assessment was evaluated using the guidelines of Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA). Cariogenic bacteria load in saliva was determined by a chair-side test kit. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), salivary glucose and HbA1c were analysed. RESULTS Majority of the patients had dental caries (84%), exposed root surfaces (92%) and heavy plaque (73%), whereas 66% of patients suffered from xerostomia. The frequency of patients with high counts of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli (LB) were 78% and 42%, respectively. There were significant associations between dental caries risk and FBG, HbA1c and salivary glucose. After categorizing the patients into 3 categories of glycaemic control, we observed a significant association between glycaemic control and dental caries risk. CONCLUSION Type 2 diabetes patients are at high risk for dental caries, which is directly associated with FBG, HbA1c and salivary glucose. This is the first study measuring dental caries and its risk factors in T2D patients from Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Almusawi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - I Gosadi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Abidia
- College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Almasawi
- Dr. Abdulaziz Al Ajaji Dental Polyclinics, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - H A Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Liu J, Duan YF. [Clinical efficacy of Nd:YAG laser combined with Vitapex paste in the treatment of periapical cysts around single root]. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 2018; 27:535-537. [PMID: 30680402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the clinical efficacy of Nd:YAG laser combined with Vitapex paste in the treatment of periapical cysts around single root. METHODS Thirty-four teeth with periapical cysts in 34 patients were treated from August 2014 to August 2016 in Taizhou People's Hospital using Nd: YAG laser, Vitapex paste was injected into the small periapical cysts, followed by conventional root canal filling. The clinical efficacy was observed every 3 months after surgery, the follow period was from 10 months to 2 years. RESULTS Thirty four patients with 34 teeth were treated, and 32 teeth were followed up, 29 were cured, the failure rate was 6.3%. CONCLUSIONS Nd:YAG laser combined with Vitapex paste is satisfactory in the treatment of periapical cysts around single root, which is worthy of wide clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Department of Stomatology, People's Hospital of Taizhou City. Taizhou 225300, China. E-mail:
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Towle I, Irish JD, Elliott M, De Groote I. Root grooves on two adjacent anterior teeth of Australopithecus africanus. Int J Paleopathol 2018; 22:163-167. [PMID: 30126662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tooth root grooves and other ante-mortem dental tissue loss, not associated with caries found on or near the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), are commonly termed non-carious cervical lesions. Three main processes are implicated in forming these lesions: abrasion, dental erosion, and abfraction. As yet, these lesions have not been described in non-Homo hominins. In this study, South African fossil hominin collections were examined for evidence of any type of non-carious cervical lesion. Only one individual shows ante-mortem root grooves consistent with non-carious cervical lesions. Two teeth, a mandibular right permanent lateral incisor (STW 270) and canine (STW 213), belonging to the same Australopithecus africanus individual, show clear ante-mortem grooves on the labial root surface. These lesions start below the CEJ, extend over a third of the way toward the apex, and taper to a point towards the lingual side. The characteristics of these grooves suggest the predominant aetiology was erosive wear. In addition, they are extremely similar to clinical examples of dental erosion. These are the oldest hominin examples of non-carious cervical lesions and the first described in a genus other than Homo. Further, the lesions suggest that this individual regularly processed and consumed acidic food items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Towle
- Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, United Kingdom.
| | - Joel D Irish
- Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, United Kingdom; Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa.
| | - Marina Elliott
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa.
| | - Isabelle De Groote
- Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, United Kingdom.
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Gintautaitė G, Kenstavičius G, Gaidytė A. Dental roots' and surrounding structures' response after contact with orthodontic mini implants: A systematic literature review. Stomatologija 2018; 20:73-81. [PMID: 30531161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this article was to conduct a systematic literature review about the consequences and recovery of dental roots' and surrounding structures' after iatrogenic mini implant (MI) contact based on peer reviewed publications of 2008-2017 January. The Cochrane and PRISMA references were used while searching for scientific literature in six data bases. The inclusion criteria to select articles were: 1) root contact evaluation associated with the use of orthodontic MI, 2) the diameter of MI was ≤2.5 mm, 3) the research sample was ≥20 MI, 4) the extent of dental root or surrounding structures damage, the regeneration/degeneration and their progress was described, 5) the condition of dental roots and surrounding structures should be evaluated immediately after damage with MI, after longer contact with MI and after a certain period of time, 6) articles published in 2008-2017 January. Two authors independently reviewed and extracted data from the selected studies and a methodological quality assessment process was used to rank the studies classifying them as low, moderate or high quality. 13 articles met the selection criteria of the research. The success of damaged dental root or surrounding structure regeneration was influenced by the damage extent: the cementum, dentin or periodontal ligament may regenerate; the regeneration of damaged pulp is uncertain. The loss of pulp vitality, root resorption, root fracture, ankylosis or osteosclerosis are rare complications. Dental roots may resorb due to contact with MI, but the regeneration is possible after cause removal.
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Hwang D, Lee WJ, Kim KA, Baek SH, Park YG, Kim SJ. Three-dimensional alteration of constricted alveolar ridge affected by root thrusting with and without open-flap decortication. Angle Orthod 2017; 87:725-732. [PMID: 28707951 DOI: 10.2319/030917-174.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the morphometric and histological alterations of the constricted alveolar ridge when affected by root thrusting with and without open-flap decortication. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight beagles were divided into three groups: C, control without root thrusting; R, root thrusting only; RD, root thrusting with alveolar decortication. The ridge constriction model was prepared in 16 mandibular quadrants after extraction of the third premolars. Reciprocal root thrusting of the second and fourth premolars was performed toward the constricted ridge for 10 weeks, having a moment of 900 g-mm. Open-flap decortication was conducted on the constricted bone surface in group RD. Micro-CT-based histomorphometric analysis and trichrome-staining-based tissue fractional analysis were performed to evaluate morphometric and microstructural changes on the ridge. RESULTS Group R revealed a higher percentage of bone volume (P < .001), lower bone mineral density (P < .01), and higher trabecular number (P < .001) than did group C, which was supported by a higher bone fraction woven to lamellar bone (P < .05) resulting from histologic fractional analysis. However, group RD showed no significant difference from group C. CONCLUSIONS Root thrusting toward the constricted ridge induced hypertrophic bone modeling with a high trabecular fraction on the ridge. However, combined open-flap decortication with root thrusting did not improve the volume or quality of the constricted ridge.
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Campos Velo MMDA, Farha ALH, da Silva Santos PS, Shiota A, Sansavino SZ, Souza ATF, Honório HM, Wang L. Gamma radiation increases the risk of radiation-related root dental caries. Oral Oncol 2017. [PMID: 28648361 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marilia Mattar de Amoêdo Campos Velo
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Dr Otávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ana Laura Herrera Farha
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Dr Otávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Sérgio da Silva Santos
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Dr Otávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Aymée Shiota
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Dr Otávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Simone Zuquerato Sansavino
- Radiotherapy Center of the Region of Bauru - Section of Medical Physics, Rua Prof Nair Araujo Antunes 1-50, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ana Tarsila Fonseca Souza
- Radiotherapy Center of the Region of Bauru - Section of Medical Physics, Rua Prof Nair Araujo Antunes 1-50, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Heitor Marques Honório
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Dr Otávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Linda Wang
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Dr Otávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
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Librizzi Z, Kalajzic Z, Camacho D, Yadav S, Nanda R, Uribe F. Comparison of the effects of three surgical techniques on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement in a rat model. Angle Orthod 2017; 87:717-724. [PMID: 28594231 DOI: 10.2319/123016-940.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of corticotomy and corticision, with and without a full mucoperiosteal flap, on the rate of tooth movement and alveolar response in a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty male, 6-week-old Wistar rats were divided into five groups based on surgical procedure, as follows: control (no tooth movement), orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) only, corticotomy, corticision, and corticision with full mucoperiosteal flap (corticision + flap). A force of 10-15g was applied from the maxillary left first molar to the maxillary incisors using nickel-titanium springs. Surgery was performed at the time of appliance placement (day 0), and tooth movement occurred for 21 days. Micro-computed tomography was performed on day 21 to evaluate the amount of tooth movement and alveolar bone parameters. Histomorphometry, including tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, was performed to quantify the osteoclast parameters at day 21. RESULTS No statistical differences in the amount of OTM, bone volume fraction, and tissue density and the osteoclast parameters were found among all experimental groups. CONCLUSIONS Corticotomy and corticision, with or without a full mucoperiosteal flap, did not show a significant effect on either the OTM magnitude or alveolar bone response.
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von Arx T, Bosshardt D. Vertical root fractures of endodontically treated posterior teeth: A histologic analysis with clinical and radiographic correlates. Swiss Dent J 2017; 127:14-23. [PMID: 28134967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Vertical root fractures (VRFs) usually develop slowly, unnoticed by the patient until clinical signs and symptoms become apparent. In endodontically treated teeth, a VRF is a typical cause for extraction. The objective of the present study was the histologic analysis of VRFs in extracted, endodontically treated premolars and molars. In addition, clinical and radiographic findings of these VRF-affected teeth were retrospectively evaluated. Thirty extracted teeth with a clinically diagnosed VRF were embedded in methylmethacrylate. Serial ground sections (perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the root) were stained with toluidine blue and basic fuchsin. The specimens were photographed and assessed with regard to the vertical and horizontal extent as well as to the course of the VRF. Most VRFs ran from the cervical to the apical region (81.3%). In the axial plane, 50% of VRFs traversed the root completely from buccal to oral. Another 40.6% of VRFs were limited to the buccal root portion. 84.4% of the evaluated roots presented an isthmus. Overall, the VRF was associated with the isthmus in 56.3%, but bypassed the isthmus in 28.1%. The most frequently observed clinical findings included pain (in 60% of the evaluated cases), presence of a fistula (46.7%) and an isolated periodontal pocket with ≥6 mm probing depth (40%). A periapical radiolucency (53.3%) was the most frequent radiographic finding in VRFs. J-shape lesions were seen in eight cases (26.7%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas von Arx
- Dept. of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dieter Bosshardt
- Robert K. Schenk Laboratory of Oral Histology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland
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Popescu SM, Diaconu OA, Scrieciu M, Marinescu IR, Drăghici EC, Truşcă AG, Bănică AC, Vătu M, MercuŢ V. Root fractures: epidemiological, clinical and radiographic aspects. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2017; 58:501-506. [PMID: 28730236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic root fractures are a relative frequent dental condition, occurring both in vital teeth and in teeth with root canal treatment, with a difficult and frustrating diagnosis. Two clinical forms are described: crown-root fractures with crown origin and vertical root fractures with root origin. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of the root fractured extracted teeth in two dental clinics with different profile [oral rehabilitation (OR) and endodontics (E)] and to present some particular aspects of the root fractures. A retrospective study over a period of five years was performed to determine the number of extracted teeth and the motives for extraction. For root fractured extracted teeth were noted: fracture type, tooth vitality, restoration type. Although the number of the patients with tooth extractions in the five years period was significantly higher in OR clinic than in E clinic, the number of tooth extractions was almost similar. Most of the teeth (70.6%) were extracted for caries complications. The prevalence of the root fractured extracted teeth was 17.93%. In OR clinic, women had more root fractured extracted teeth compared with E clinic, where the number of root fractured extracted teeth was higher in men. Most extracted teeth for root fracture were teeth with prosthetic restorations followed by teeth with root canal treatment and dental fillings. The most extracted teeth for root fracture were maxillary premolars, almost similar for both sexes, followed by mandibular molars. The teeth with least extractions for root fractures were mandibular incisors and mandibular canine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanda Mihaela Popescu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania;
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Silva ACD, Capistrano A, Almeida-Pedrin RRD, Cardoso MDA, Conti ACDCF, Capelozza L. Root length and alveolar bone level of impacted canines and adjacent teeth after orthodontic traction: a long-term evaluation. J Appl Oral Sci 2017; 25:75-81. [PMID: 28198979 PMCID: PMC5289403 DOI: 10.1590/1678-77572016-0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the long-term effects of orthodontic traction on root length and alveolar bone level in impacted canines and adjacent teeth. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sample consisted of 16 patients (nine males and seven females), mean initial age 11 years and 8 months presenting with unilaterally maxillary impacted canines, palatally displaced, treated with the same surgical and orthodontic approach. Teeth from the impacted-canine side were assigned as Group I (GI), and contralateral teeth as control, Group II (GII). The mean age of patients at the end of orthodontic treatment was 14 years and 2 months and the mean post-treatment time was 5 years and 11 months. Both contralateral erupted maxillary canines and adjacent teeth served as control. Root length and alveolar bone level (buccal and palatal) were evaluated on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. The comparison of root length and alveolar bone level changes between groups were assessed by applying paired t-test, at a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in root length and buccal and palatal bone levels of canines and adjacent teeth among groups. CONCLUSIONS Impacted canine treatment by closed-eruption technique associated with canine crown perforation, has a minimal effect on root length and buccal and palatal alveolar bone level in both canine and adjacent teeth, demonstrating that this treatment protocol has a good long-term prognosis.
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Gjeltema JL, Troan B, Muehlenbachs A, Liu L, Da Silva AJ, Qvarnstrom Y, Tobias JR, Loomis MR, De Voe RS. Amoebic meningoencephalitis and disseminated infection caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris in a Western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2016; 248:315-21. [PMID: 26799111 DOI: 10.2460/javma.248.3.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
CASE DESCRIPTION A 22-year-old male gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) housed in a zoo was evaluated for signs of lethargy, head-holding, and cervical stiffness followed by development of neurologic abnormalities including signs of depression, lip droop, and tremors. CLINICAL FINDINGS Physical examination under general anesthesia revealed a tooth root abscess and suboptimal body condition. A CBC and serum biochemical analysis revealed mild anemia, neutrophilia and eosinopenia consistent with a stress leukogram, and signs consistent with dehydration. Subsequent CSF analysis revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis and markedly increased total protein concentration. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME Despite treatment with antimicrobials, steroids, and additional supportive care measures, the gorilla's condition progressed to an obtunded mentation with grand mal seizures over the course of 10 days. Therefore, the animal was euthanized and necropsy was performed. Multifocal areas of malacia and hemorrhage were scattered throughout the brain; on histologic examination, these areas consisted of necrosis and hemorrhage associated with mixed inflammation, vascular necrosis, and intralesional amoebic trophozoites. Tan foci were also present in the kidneys and pancreas. Immunohistochemical testing positively labeled free-living amoebae within the brain, kidneys, eyes, pancreas, heart, and pulmonary capillaries. Subsequent PCR assay of CSF and frozen kidney samples identified the organism as Balamuthia mandrillaris, confirming a diagnosis of amoebic meningoencephalitis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Infection with B mandrillaris has been reported to account for 2.8% of captive gorilla deaths in North America over the past 19 years. Clinicians working with gorillas should have a high index of suspicion for this diagnosis when evaluating and treating animals with signs of centrally localized neurologic disease.
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Luitel A, Rimal J, Maharjan IK, Niroula D, Regmee P. Even a Tooth Slips Sometimes. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2016; 14:285-287. [PMID: 28814696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
While impaction of a tooth or two in dentoalveolar region is common, ectopic presence of them in non-dentate area is less commonly reported. A 45-year-old female reported to the department with pain on right back teeth region since two days. On examination, grossly decayed 46, root stump 47, missing 48, with poor periodontal status were noted. Panoramic radiograph was advised for screening, which revealed an inverted impacted 48 at the right ramus just below subcondylar region. However, it was an incidental finding and the patient was asymptomatic, she was informed about the pros and the cons of her case and kept under close monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Luitel
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, College of Dental Surgery, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal
| | - J Rimal
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, College of Dental Surgery, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal
| | - I K Maharjan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, College of Dental Surgery, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal
| | - D Niroula
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, College of Dental Surgery, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal
| | - P Regmee
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, College of Dental Surgery, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To immunohistochemically investigate the longitudinal changes in root resorption by jiggling force in experimental animal models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-six 12-week-old male Wistar rats were used. The maxillary first molars were alternately moved in the buccal and lingual direction in 28 rats (experimental group) using an experimental appliance to produce jiggling forces of 10 g. In another 28 rats (control group), the maxillary first molars were moved in only the lingual direction with a force of 10 g. After 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, 17, and 21 days, the maxillae were resected and subjected to immunohistochemical analysis. The resorption area was quantified histomorphometrically and the number of odontoclasts on the root surface was counted. Expression of RANKL and OPG was also examined by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS The root resorption area and the number of odontoclasts were significantly greater in the experimental group than in controls. Odontoclasts were detected in the resorption lacunae and PDL in the experimental group, whereas osteoclasts were located only along the alveolar bone in controls. OPG was detected on the alveolar bone in the experimental group and on the root surfaces of the controls. CONCLUSIONS Jiggling force is a critical factor in severe root resorption, affecting RANKL and OPG expression, which accelerates and inhibits odontoclastic induction, respectively.
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Peron APLM, Johann ACBR, Papalexiou V, Tanaka OM, Guariza-Filho O, Ignácio SA, Camargo ES. Tissue responses resulting from tooth movement surgically assisted by corticotomy and corticision in rats. Angle Orthod 2016; 87:118-124. [PMID: 27281474 DOI: 10.2319/102915-731.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the histological responses in corticotomy- and corticision-assisted tooth movement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety Wistar rats were divided into three groups: C (control-tooth movement only), CT (tooth movement + corticotomy), and CI (tooth movement + corticision). Surgeries were performed on the vestibular and lingual cortical bone of the maxillary first molar. Tooth movement was carried out with nickel-titanium closed coil springs having a force of 30 g. The rats were sacrificed at 3, 14, and 28 days. To evaluate the number of osteoclasts and amount of root resorption, a tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase stain was used. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed for areas of hyalinization, and the organic bone matrix was stained with picrosirius. RESULTS The CT group showed a greater number of osteoclasts than did the C group on day 3 (P < .05). At the same time point, the CT and CI groups showed a delayed onset of organic bone matrix remodeling and a lower incidence of root resorption than did the C group (P < .05). There were also fewer hyalinization areas in the CI group than in the C group on day 3 (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Corticotomy effectively increased bone resorption during the early stages of tooth movement, but this increase was not observed for corticision. The surgical procedures did not accelerate organic bone matrix remodeling. Corticotomies and corticisions decreased the risk of root resorption only during the early stages of movement. Corticision reduced the level of hyalinization, while corticotomy did not.
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Abstract
The removal of mandibular third molars can be complicated by injury to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN). Coronectomy retains the tooth root; this method has been found to be preferable to extraction in the context of mandibular third molars. A failed coronectomy may cause mobilization of these roots, thereby requiring a subsequent extraction. Having undergone a previous coronectomy, extraction is then safer as the roots usually migrate away from the IAN. Computed tomography is more accurate than radiography when imaging mandibular third molars pre-operatively owing to its three-dimensional nature. Longer studies need to be conducted to evaluate the long term benefits of coronectomy. CPD/CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The removal of mandibular third molars can be complicated by the presence of the close lying inferior alveolar nerve. Coronectomy can be useful in this setting and therefore it is important to be aware of the pros and cons of this technique.
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Atieh MA, Leichter J. The Octagon Model: a clinical tool for assessing marginal tissue recession. Int J Esthet Dent 2016; 11:98-109. [PMID: 26835526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The Octagon Model is a clinical assessment tool designed to assess marginal tissue recession (MTR) and estimate the level of difficulty in achieving root coverage. It evaluates eight patient- and siterelated factors: patient's expectations, smoking status, width of keratinized tissue, absence/presence of cervical lesion, interproximal soft tissue/bone level, depth and width of recession defect, and buccal bone thickness. The model is presented in a three-colored diagram to facilitate communication between clinicians and between clinicians and their patients, and to assist clinicians in optimizing treatment plans at both site and patient levels.
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Schaffner M, Stich H, Lussi A. [Dens invaginatus tooth abnormality]. Swiss Dent J 2016; 126:128-129. [PMID: 26915626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Schaffner
- Klinik für Zahnerhaltung, Präventiv- und Kinderzahnmedizin Zahnmedizinische Kliniken der Universität Bern, Bern Switzerland
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Nedzinskiene E, Drukteinis S, Peciuliene V, Maneliene R. The appearance of root canal surfaces in teeth previously treated using resorcinol-formaldehyde resin: a preliminary SEM investigation. Stomatologija 2016; 18:92-97. [PMID: 28386052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the root canal surfaces in teeth previously treated using RF resin by SEM. MATERIAL AND METHODS 20 distal roots of mandibular molars with typical discoloration of tooth crown were used in this study: 10 brownish - red and 10 non-colored roots. The roots were removed from the crowns, splinted longitudinally and subjected to SEM in a back-scattered electron mode. RESULTS In discolored root samples canal walls appeared without smear layer and varying amount of remaining debris, the observed morphology of dentine was ordinary. In the non-colored root samples the dentin profile revealed: in coronal third of the root just few open dentinal tubules were detected, while in the middle and apical thirds no open dentinal tubules were observed, dentin profile was similar to sclerotic dentin. The multiple dentinal defects were detected in all samples, however significantly more dentinal defects were found in the colored roots. The RF paste was well adhered to the root canal dentine and multiple tags of RF resin penetrating deeply into the dentinal tubules were detected. CONCLUSIONS The surfaces of the root canal walls of the teeth treated using RF paste exhibits usual appearance and ordinary dentin morphology in colored roots while the dentin of non-colored samples has the profile of sclerotic dentin. Multiple dentinal defects could be determined by damaging effect of RF resin on dentin. The adaptation and adhesion of RF paste to the dentin, capability to penetrate into dentinal tubules is comparable with the modern resin based sealers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saulius Drukteinis
- Institute of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Zalgirio 115, LT- 08217, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Olczak K, Pawlicka H. Mineral trioxide aggregate in treatment of permanent teeth with open apex and endo-perio lesions. A case report. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2015; 16:287-289. [PMID: 26637251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), one of the latest materials applied in dentistry, has a variety of potential uses. Numerous studies emphasise its biocompatibility with periodontal and hard tissues, as well as excellent sealing and regeneration abilities. CASE REPORT This article describes the successful therapy of immature mandibular premolars with large open apex, resorption, and endo-perio lesions. In the presented case, the canal was filled with the MTA material. At present, the treated tooth is asymptomatic, and a three-year follow-up radiographic examination demonstrated the dramatic regeneration of periradicular tissues and the new hard tissue formation in the area of the affected teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Olczak
- Department of Endodontics, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - H Pawlicka
- Department of Endodontics, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
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Sjögren P, Bäckman N, Sjöström O, Zimmerman M. Patient safety in domiciliary dental care for elderly nursing home residents in Sweden. Community Dent Health 2015; 32:216-220. [PMID: 26738218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse patient safety in domiciliary dental care, with data from a quality registry. DESIGN Retrospective analysis. CLINICAL SETTING Domiciliary dental care, private caregiver, Sweden, 2012-2014. METHODS All reported events in the quality registry at a provider of domiciliary dental care, (2012-05-01 to 2014-06-30) were categorized into 14 domains, and for severity as 'minor', 'moderate', or 'serious' events. The reported events were also independently assessed by an experienced reviewer for national requirements of reporting patient safety related events. RESULTS The quality registry covered 724 (0.03%) reported events during 218,586 consecutive treatment sessions in domiciliary dental care, including 628,070 registered dental procedures. Fifty (6.9%) of the reported events were patient safety related, of which 11 (1.5%) events were reportedly of minor severity, 20 (2.8%) as moderate, and 19 (2.6%) as serious. For all degrees of severity, the most frequently reported events were related to problems with patient identity control (3.3%). None of the events required reporting to national authorities. CONCLUSIONS Domiciliary dental care has a low frequency of patient safety related events (0.03% of all treatments). Identity controls need to be emphasised in nursing homes or where individuals are dependent on the care of others.
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Nagayasu-Tanaka T, Anzai J, Takaki S, Shiraishi N, Terashima A, Asano T, Nozaki T, Kitamura M, Murakami S. Action Mechanism of Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 (FGF-2) in the Promotion of Periodontal Regeneration in Beagle Dogs. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131870. [PMID: 26120833 PMCID: PMC4488280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) enhances the formation of new alveolar bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament (PDL) in periodontal defect models. However, the mechanism through which FGF-2 acts in periodontal regeneration in vivo has not been fully clarified yet. To reveal the action mechanism, the formation of regenerated tissue and gene expression at the early phase were analyzed in a beagle dog 3-wall periodontal defect model. FGF-2 (0.3%) or the vehicle (hydroxypropyl cellulose) only were topically applied to the defect in FGF-2 and control groups, respectively. Then, the amount of regenerated tissues and the number of proliferating cells at 3, 7, 14, and 28 days and the number of blood vessels at 7 days were quantitated histologically. Additionally, the expression of osteogenic genes in the regenerated tissue was evaluated by real-time PCR at 7 and 14 days. Compared with the control, cell proliferation around the existing bone and PDL, connective tissue formation on the root surface, and new bone formation in the defect at 7 days were significantly promoted by FGF-2. Additionally, the number of blood vessels at 7 days was increased by FGF-2 treatment. At 28 days, new cementum and PDL were extended by FGF-2. Moreover, FGF-2 increased the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and osteoblast differentiation markers (osterix, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin) in the regenerated tissue. We revealed the facilitatory mechanisms of FGF-2 in periodontal regeneration in vivo. First, the proliferation of fibroblastic cells derived from bone marrow and PDL was accelerated and enhanced by FGF-2. Second, angiogenesis was enhanced by FGF-2 treatment. Finally, osteoblastic differentiation and bone formation, at least in part due to BMP-2 production, were rapidly induced by FGF-2. Therefore, these multifaceted effects of FGF-2 promote new tissue formation at the early regeneration phase, leading to enhanced formation of new bone, cementum, and PDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshie Nagayasu-Tanaka
- Pharmacology Department, Drug Research Center, Kaken Pharmaceutical Co., LTD., Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Anzai
- Pharmacology Department, Drug Research Center, Kaken Pharmaceutical Co., LTD., Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shu Takaki
- Pharmacology Department, Drug Research Center, Kaken Pharmaceutical Co., LTD., Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noriko Shiraishi
- Pharmacology Department, Drug Research Center, Kaken Pharmaceutical Co., LTD., Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akio Terashima
- Pharmacology Department, Drug Research Center, Kaken Pharmaceutical Co., LTD., Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taiji Asano
- Pharmacology Department, Drug Research Center, Kaken Pharmaceutical Co., LTD., Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takenori Nozaki
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kitamura
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinya Murakami
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Bruzda-Zwiech A, Filipińska R, Borowska-Strugińska B, Żądzińska E, Wochna-Sobańska M. Caries Experience and Distribution by Tooth Surfaces in Primary Molars in the Pre-school Child Population of Lodz, Poland. Oral Health Prev Dent 2015; 13:557-66. [PMID: 26106648 DOI: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a34371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate caries experience in primary molars as well as the differences in caries prevalence and caries lesion location on individual tooth surfaces between first and second primary molars in pre-school children. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 307 children, aged 3 to 5 years, from randomly chosen kindergartens in Lodz, Poland. Caries experience was scored according to WHO recommendations. The caries intensity (dmft, dmfts) for first and second primary molars was calculated. In addition, the percentage of particular surfaces with caries was counted for each molar separately. RESULTS The mean dmft for primary molars was 1.84 (dmfts=2.47) and dmft>0 was seen in 53.09% of the study subjects. While in the entire examined population dmft and dmfts for first and second molars did not differ significantly, in 5-year-old children, the left mandibular first molar was associated with a higher caries intensity than the left mandibular second molar (dmfts=0.465 vs 0.344, Z=-1.98, p=0.04). However, in 5-year-olds, higher caries occurrence was seen for occlusal surfaces of the tooth 85 than 84 (33.62% vs 20.68%, χ2=4.09, p=0.03). The distal surface was more frequently affected in first molars than in second molars in children aged 4 (85 vs 84, χ2=17.1, p<0.001; 75 vs 74, χ2=11.5, p=0.007, 55 vs 54; χ2=4.6, p=0.03) and 5 years (54 vs 55, χ2=20.09; 64 vs 65, χ2=16.75; 74 vs 75, χ2=21.6; 84 vs 85, χ2=31.07; all comparisons p<0.001). In contrast, the mesial surfaces of mandibular second molars demonstrated more caries than the homologous surfaces of first molars, both in 4-year-olds (85 vs 84, χ2=6.15, p=0.01) and 5-year-olds (75 vs 74, χ2=3.9, p=0.04). CONCLUSION In 5-year-old children, caries of occlusal and mesial surfaces was more common in primary second molars. However, distal surfaces were affected more in first than second molars.
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Brown JP, Amaechi BT, Bader JD, Shugars D, Vollmer WM, Chen C, Gilbert GH, Esterberg EJ. The dynamic behavior of the early dental caries lesion in caries-active adults and implications. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2015; 43:208-16. [PMID: 25656426 PMCID: PMC4418491 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the full range of behavior of the visible, noncavitated, early caries lesion in caries-active adults with substantial fluoride exposure, and to consider implications. METHODS The data were from the Xylitol for Adult Caries Trial (X-ACT) collected annually for 33 months using condensed ICDAS caries threshold criteria. Individual tooth surfaces having a noncavitated caries lesion were included, and the patterns of transition to each subsequent annual clinical examination to sound, noncavitated or cavitated, filled or crowned were determined. The resulting sets of patterns for an individual tooth surface, looking forward from its first appearance as a noncavitated lesion, were combined into one of four behavior profiles classified as reversing, stable, oscillating, or continuously progressing, or were excluded if not part of the caries continuum. The distributions of profile types were assessed using the Rao-Scott chi-square test, which adjusts for clustering of tooth surfaces within teeth. RESULTS Inter- and intra-examiner kappa scores demonstrated acceptable calibration at baseline and annually. 8084 tooth surfaces from 543 subjects were included. The distribution of profile types differed significantly between coronal and root surfaces. Overall, two-thirds of all coronal noncavitated lesions were first seen at baseline, half reversed, over a fifth were stable, 15% oscillated, and only 8.3% progressed to cavitation, filled, or crowned in 33 months or less (6.3% consistently Progressed plus 2.0% inconsistently, a subset of oscillating, which oscillated before progressing to cavitation). Approximal, smooth, and occlusal coronal surfaces each were significantly different in their individual distributions of profile types. Xylitol showed no significant and consistent effect on this distribution by tooth surface type. This was in keeping with the X-ACT's lack of effect of xylitol at the noncavitated plus cavitated lesion thresholds combined. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the full dynamic range of early caries lesion behavior. The great majority were not progressive, and few (8.3%) became cavitated over 33 months in caries-active adults using fluorides. Important caries management implications favoring recorded longitudinal monitoring, prevention of active risks, and minimal restoration only after direct visual determination of cavitation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Brown
- Dental School, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
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Doméjean S, Léger S, Rechmann P, White JM, Featherstone JDB. How do dental students determine patients' caries risk level using the Caries Management By Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) system? J Dent Educ 2015; 79:278-285. [PMID: 25729021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Research has demonstrated the validation of specific caries risk assessment (CRA) systems, but little is known about how dental practitioners assign a caries risk level to their patients. The aim of this study was to explore dental students' decision making in caries risk assignment when using the Caries Management By Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) system. Multiple correspondence analysis and chi-squared automated interaction detector analysis were performed on data collected retrospectively for a period of six years (2003-09) at the University of California, San Francisco predoctoral dental clinic. The study population consisted of 12,952 patients from six years of age through adult who received a baseline CRA during the period, were new to CAMBRA, and had not received any prior CAMBRA recommendations. The results showed variation in decision making and risk level assignment, illustrated by the range of percentages for the three scores (low, moderate, and high/extreme caries risk) when CRA was assigned for the first time. For those first-time CRAs, decision making was mainly based on four factors: cavities or caries lesions into dentin on radiograph, restorations during the last three years due to caries, visible heavy plaque, and interproximal lesions into enamel (by radiographs). This study's findings provide important data regarding one group of CAMBRA users and thus contribute to the development of knowledge about the implementation of caries risk assessment in contemporary dental practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Doméjean
- Dr. Doméjean is Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculté d'Odontologie, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Dr. Léger is Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Dr. Rechmann is Professor and Director of Clinical Sciences Research Group, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco; Dr. White is Professor, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco; and Dr. Featherstone is Professor, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences and Dean, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco.
| | - Stéphanie Léger
- Dr. Doméjean is Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculté d'Odontologie, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Dr. Léger is Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Dr. Rechmann is Professor and Director of Clinical Sciences Research Group, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco; Dr. White is Professor, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco; and Dr. Featherstone is Professor, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences and Dean, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Peter Rechmann
- Dr. Doméjean is Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculté d'Odontologie, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Dr. Léger is Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Dr. Rechmann is Professor and Director of Clinical Sciences Research Group, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco; Dr. White is Professor, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco; and Dr. Featherstone is Professor, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences and Dean, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Joel M White
- Dr. Doméjean is Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculté d'Odontologie, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Dr. Léger is Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Dr. Rechmann is Professor and Director of Clinical Sciences Research Group, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco; Dr. White is Professor, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco; and Dr. Featherstone is Professor, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences and Dean, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco
| | - John D B Featherstone
- Dr. Doméjean is Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculté d'Odontologie, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Dr. Léger is Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Dr. Rechmann is Professor and Director of Clinical Sciences Research Group, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco; Dr. White is Professor, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco; and Dr. Featherstone is Professor, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences and Dean, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco
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Partido BB, Jones AA, English DL, Nguyen CA, Jacks ME. Calculus detection calibration among dental hygiene faculty members utilizing dental endoscopy: a pilot study. J Dent Educ 2015; 79:124-132. [PMID: 25640616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Dental and dental hygiene faculty members often do not provide consistent instruction in the clinical environment, especially in tasks requiring clinical judgment. From previous efforts to calibrate faculty members in calculus detection using typodonts, researchers have suggested using human subjects and emerging technology to improve consistency in clinical instruction. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine if a dental endoscopy-assisted training program would improve intra- and interrater reliability of dental hygiene faculty members in calculus detection. Training included an ODU 11/12 explorer, typodonts, and dental endoscopy. A convenience sample of six participants was recruited from the dental hygiene faculty at a California community college, and a two-group randomized experimental design was utilized. Intra- and interrater reliability was measured before and after calibration training. Pretest and posttest Kappa averages of all participants were compared using repeated measures (split-plot) ANOVA to determine the effectiveness of the calibration training on intra- and interrater reliability. The results showed that both kinds of reliability significantly improved for all participants and the training group improved significantly in interrater reliability from pretest to posttest. Calibration training was beneficial to these dental hygiene faculty members, especially those beginning with less than full agreement. This study suggests that calculus detection calibration training utilizing dental endoscopy can effectively improve interrater reliability of dental and dental hygiene clinical educators. Future studies should include human subjects, involve more participants at multiple locations, and determine whether improved rater reliability can be sustained over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian B Partido
- Mr. Partido was a graduate student in Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry at the time of this study; Dr. Jones is Professor, Department of Periodontics, Predoctoral Division, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry; Prof. English is Clinical Assistant Professor, Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry; Prof. Nguyen is Assistant Professor, Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry; and Prof. Jacks is Associate Professor, Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry.
| | - Archie A Jones
- Mr. Partido was a graduate student in Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry at the time of this study; Dr. Jones is Professor, Department of Periodontics, Predoctoral Division, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry; Prof. English is Clinical Assistant Professor, Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry; Prof. Nguyen is Assistant Professor, Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry; and Prof. Jacks is Associate Professor, Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry
| | - Dana L English
- Mr. Partido was a graduate student in Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry at the time of this study; Dr. Jones is Professor, Department of Periodontics, Predoctoral Division, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry; Prof. English is Clinical Assistant Professor, Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry; Prof. Nguyen is Assistant Professor, Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry; and Prof. Jacks is Associate Professor, Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry
| | - Carol A Nguyen
- Mr. Partido was a graduate student in Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry at the time of this study; Dr. Jones is Professor, Department of Periodontics, Predoctoral Division, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry; Prof. English is Clinical Assistant Professor, Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry; Prof. Nguyen is Assistant Professor, Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry; and Prof. Jacks is Associate Professor, Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry
| | - Mary E Jacks
- Mr. Partido was a graduate student in Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry at the time of this study; Dr. Jones is Professor, Department of Periodontics, Predoctoral Division, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry; Prof. English is Clinical Assistant Professor, Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry; Prof. Nguyen is Assistant Professor, Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry; and Prof. Jacks is Associate Professor, Dental Hygiene Division, Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry
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Soolari A, Soolari A, Alobaidi R. Management of Mandibular Anterior Teeth With Gingival Recession. Dent Today 2015; 34:62-63. [PMID: 26349253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Chen I, Karabucak B, Wang C, Wang HG, Koyama E, Kohli MR, Nah HD, Kim S. Healing after root-end microsurgery by using mineral trioxide aggregate and a new calcium silicate-based bioceramic material as root-end filling materials in dogs. J Endod 2015; 41:389-99. [PMID: 25596728 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare healing after root-end surgery by using grey mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and EndoSequence Root Repair Material (RRM) as root-end filling material in an animal model. METHODS Apical periodontitis was induced in 55 mandibular premolars of 4 healthy beagle dogs. After 6 weeks, root-end surgeries were performed by using modern microsurgical techniques. Two different root-end filling materials were used, grey MTA and RRM. Six months after surgery, healing of the periapical area was assessed by periapical radiographs, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), micro computed tomography (CT), and histology. RESULTS Minimal or no inflammatory response was observed in the majority of periapical areas regardless of the material. The degree of inflammatory infiltration and cortical plate healing were not significantly different between the 2 materials. However, a significantly greater root-end surface area was covered by cementum-like, periodontal ligament-like tissue, and bone in RRM group than in MTA group. When evaluating with periapical radiographs, complete healing rate in RRM and MTA groups was 92.6% and 75%, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (P = .073). However, on CBCT and micro CT images, RRM group demonstrated significantly superior healing on the resected root-end surface and in the periapical area (P = .000 to .027). CONCLUSIONS Like MTA, RRM is a biocompatible material with good sealing ability. However, in this animal model RRM achieved a better tissue healing response adjacent to the resected root-end surface histologically. The superior healing tendency associated with RRM could be detected by CBCT and micro CT but not periapical radiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Chen
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Bekir Karabucak
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Han-Guo Wang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Eiki Koyama
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Meetu R Kohli
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hyun-Duck Nah
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Syngcuk Kim
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Cojocaru MO, Pătroi EF, Corlan Puşcu D, Opri ML, Crăiţoiu MM, Mogoantă L, Coleş E, Nicolae V, Sabău M. The histopathological study of radicular dentinal changes in patients with chronic marginal periodontopathies. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2015; 56:407-412. [PMID: 26193206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal disease is one of the most frequent conditions in individuals, having major health and social implications. Progressing as a chronic inflammation at the level of tooth support tissues, untreated chronic periodontitis may lead to a premature loss of the dental organ. Even though the main lesions caused by the periodontal disease affect the alveolo-dental ligaments, we tried to highlight the presence of certain lesions of radicular dentine in patients with chronic marginal periodontopathy. In our study, in the patients with chronic marginal periodontopathy, at periodontium level, there was highlighted the presence of a chronic inflammatory process with numerous lymphocytes and macrophages, microhemorrhages, and also areas with tissular necrosis. At radicular dentine level, in the cases of old, untreated periodontal disease, there were observed areas of more or less extended demineralization, erosion and necrosis. Our study showed that chronic periodontal disease may affect the tooth, as well, not only its support tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Olimpia Cojocaru
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania;
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Schneiderman E, Colón E, White DJ, St John S. A Profilometry-Based Dentifrice Abrasion Method for V8 Brushing Machines Part II: Comparison of RDA-PE and Radiotracer RDA Measures. J Clin Dent 2015; 26:61-65. [PMID: 26775295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare the abrasivity of commercial dentifrices by two techniques: the conventional gold standard radiotracer-based Radioactive Dentin Abrasivity (RDA) method; and a newly validated technique based on V8 brushing that included a profilometry-based evaluation of dentin wear. This profilometry-based method is referred to as RDA-Profilometry Equivalent, or RDA-PE. METHODS A total of 36 dentifrices were sourced from four global dentifrice markets (Asia Pacific [including China], Europe, Latin America, and North America) and tested blindly using both the standard radiotracer (RDA) method and the new profilometry method (RDA-PE), taking care to follow specific details related to specimen preparation and treatment. RESULTS Commercial dentifrices tested exhibited a wide range of abrasivity, with virtually all falling well under the industry accepted upper limit of 250; that is, 2.5 times the level of abrasion measured using an ISO 11609 abrasivity reference calcium pyrophosphate as the reference control. RDA and RDA-PE comparisons were linear across the entire range of abrasivity (r2 = 0.7102) and both measures exhibited similar reproducibility with replicate assessments. RDA-PE assessments were not just linearly correlated, but were also proportional to conventional RDA measures. CONCLUSION The linearity and proportionality of the results of the current study support that both methods (RDA or RDA-PE) provide similar results and justify a rationale for making the upper abrasivity limit of 250 apply to both RDA and RDA-PE.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Teeth changes after chemotherapy are of clinical importance, but no morphological studies were conducted on microscopic level. AIM To assess morphological changes in teeth developing under chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-nine adolescents aged 13-16 years that received chemotherapy at the age of 2-13 were included in the study. Teeth morphology was evaluated by means of clinical and radiological data as well as microscopy of extracted teeth (n=13). Thirty healthy children aged 13-16 and 8 teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons served as a control. RESULTS Chemotherapy has arresting impact on teeth development confirmed by aplasia of germs when influenced on stages I-II (p=0.0001), preliminary apexogenesis resulting in shortened roots in teeth at the later stages of growth and development (p=0.01). Enamel and dentine defects usually located in cervical area are also a specific feature, while caries incidence was not higher when compared to control group. CONCLUSION Children receiving chemotherapy have high risk of secondary teeth loss because of germs aplasia and extraction of severely decayed teeth. Early diagnostics helps to prevent secondary deformations of dental arches by prompt prosthetic rehabilitation. Root morphology changes should be considered by root canal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Korolenkova
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
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Urmöso J, Kenyeres M, Oláh T. [The simultaneous appearance and treatment of diffuse maxilla and mandible cyst with autotransplantatum. Case report]. Fogorv Sz 2014; 107:131-134. [PMID: 25730941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The authors have observed 3 simultaneously but independently occurring cysts in the mandible and the maxilla at a 45 years old male patient. A plum sized follicular cyst around the non erupted maxillary # 23 canine and a bean sized follicular cyst around the mandibular # 33 tooth in residual retention and also an infectious, diffuse root cyst developed around the # 35 retained root was found in the mandibular corpus. The surgical extraction of the # 23, 33 residual retention canines, the # 35 retained root and the excision of the cysts were performed in intubation narcosis by two medical teams. For the filling up of the cyst cavities cortical cancellous bone blocks and particulated trabecular bone grafts were used harvested from the coxa. In the case of the infectious mandibular cyst the author's have also used local antibiotic perfusion. This complex therapy resulted in a successful recruitment within a short period of time.
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Curl L, Tan CW, Dreyer CW, Sampson W. A qualitative investigation of RANKL, RANK and OPG in a rat model of transient ankylosis. Aust Orthod J 2014; 30:143-151. [PMID: 25549516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have found ankylosis occurs as a part of the inflammatory process of aseptic root resorption initiated in a rat model. The physiologic mechanisms behind the development of dentoalveolar ankylosis and healing response are still unclear. While receptor activator of nuclear factor-κβ ligand (RANKL), receptor activator of nuclear factor-κβ (RANK) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) have gained momentum in the understanding of resorption, no study to date has investigated their role in dentoalveolar ankylosis. AIMS The aims of this study were to investigate if, and when, ankylosis occurred in the rat PDL, whether the resolution of ankylosis occurred with time and, finally, to observe the expression of RANKL, RANK and OPG during the ankylotic process. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dry ice was applied for 20 minutes to the upper right first molar crown of 15 eight-week-old, male Sprague-Dawley rats. An additional three rats served as untreated external controls. Groups of three rats were sacrificed after the thermal insult on day 0, 4, 7, 14 and 28 respectively. Each maxilla was dissected out and processed for histological examination and RANKL, OPG and RANK immunohistochemistry. RESULTS By the use of light microscopy and H&E staining, no ankylosis was detected in the external control group and the experimental groups at days 0 and 4. On day 7, disruption within the periodontal ligament was observed in the interradicular region and the initial signs of ankylosis were seen in the form of finger-like projections extending from the alveolar bone towards the cementum. Fourteen days after the thermal insult, all animals exhibited extensive ankylosis that spanned the entire interradicular periodontal space. At 28 days, the development of ankylosis appeared to have ceased and repair was observed, together with an intact periodontal ligament in all but one rat. Positive staining results were obtained with RANKL, RANK and OPG antibodies. The expressions of RANKL, RANK and OPG were similar in the external control group, 0-, 4-, and 28-day experimental groups. In the 7- and 14-day experimental groups, RANKL, RANK and OPG were expressed in the blood vessels within the ankylotic regions. CONCLUSIONS During the development of ankylosis and its resolution, it was concluded from their simultaneous presence that there is a complex interaction between RANKL, RANK and OPG that requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Curl
- Orthodontic Unit, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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Venskutonis T, Plotino G, Juodzbalys G, Mickevičienė L. The importance of cone-beam computed tomography in the management of endodontic problems: a review of the literature. J Endod 2014; 40:1895-901. [PMID: 25287321 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To obtain essential information in clinical endodontics, cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging can be used in all phases of treatment including diagnosis, treatment planning, during the treatment phase, and through post-treatment assessment and follow-up. The purpose of this article was to review the use of CBCT imaging in the diagnosis, treatment planning, and assessing the outcome of endodontic complications. METHODS Literature was selected through a search of PubMed electronic databases for the following keywords: tooth root injuries, tooth root radiography, tooth root perforation, tomography, cone-beam computed tomography, endodontic complications, tooth root internal/external resorption, root fractures, and broken instruments. The research was restricted to articles published in English. One hundred twelve articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. RESULTS Currently, intraoral radiography is the imaging technique of choice for the management of endodontic disease, but CBCT imaging appears to have a superior validity and reliability in the management of endodontic diagnosis and complications. CONCLUSIONS Endodontic cases should be judged individually, and CBCT imaging should be considered in situations in which information from conventional imaging systems may not yield an adequate amount of information to allow the appropriate management of endodontic problems. CBCT imaging has the potential to become the first choice for endodontic treatment planning and outcome assessment, especially when new scanners with lower radiation doses will be available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadas Venskutonis
- Department of Dental and Oral Diseases, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gianluca Plotino
- Department of Endodontics, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gintaras Juodzbalys
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Lina Mickevičienė
- Department of Dental and Oral Diseases, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Ferraz NKL, Nogueira LC, Pinheiro MLP, Marques LS, Ramos-Jorge ML, Ramos-Jorge J. Clinical consequences of untreated dental caries and toothache in preschool children. Pediatr Dent 2014; 36:389-392. [PMID: 25303505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to assess the clinical consequences of untreated dental caries related to the occurrence of toothache among Brazilian preschool children. METHODS A random sample of 540 two- to five-year-olds underwent a clinical oral examination for the assessment of early childhood caries (ECC) using the dmft (decayed, missing and filled primary teeth) index and pufa (carious lesions with pulpal involvement [p], ulceration of the mucosa due to root fragments [u], fistula [f], and abscess [a]) index to score consequences of dental caries in soft tissues. Parents/guardians were asked to answer a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic characteristics and toothache experience in the children. Descriptive analysis and hierarchically adjusted Poisson regression models were employed. RESULTS The prevalence of ECC and pufa (≥1) was approximately 50 percent and 12 percent, respectively. A total of 25 percent of the children had toothache experience. Toothache was significantly associated with: an older age (prevalence ratio [PR]=3.70; 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.09-6.58); carious lesions with pulpal involvement (PR=3.93; 95% CI=3.09-5.01); ulceration of the mucosa due to root fragments (PR=2.73; 95% CI=1.52-4.89); fistula (PR=2.91; 95% CI=1.89-4.49); and abscess (PR=4.43; 95% CI=3.78-5.19). CONCLUSION Toothache experience in preschool children was associated with untreated cavitated dentin lesions and their consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Leandro Silva Marques
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM), Brazil
| | - Maria Leticia Ramos-Jorge
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM), Brazil.
| | - Joana Ramos-Jorge
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, University of Vale do Rio Verde (UNICOR), Brazil
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Abstract
Background The prevalence of root caries is increasing with greater life expectancy and number of retained teeth. Therefore, new preventive strategies should be developed to reduce the prevalence of root caries. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fluoridated milk on the remineralization of root dentin and to compare these effects to those of sodium fluoride (NaF) application without milk. Methods Thirty extracted human molars were divided into 6 groups, and the root cementum was removed from each tooth. The dentin surface was demineralized and then incubated with one of the following six solutions: Sodium chloride NaCl, artificial saliva, milk, milk+2.5 ppm fluoride, milk+10 ppm fluoride and artificial saliva+10 ppm fluoride. Serial sections were cut through the lesions and investigated with polarized light microscopy and quantitative morphometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The data were statistically evaluated using a one-way ANOVA for multiple comparisons. Results The depth of the lesion decreased with increasing fluoride concentration and was the smallest after incubation with artificial saliva+10 ppm fluoride. SEM analysis revealed a clearly demarcated superficial remineralized zone after incubation with milk+2.5 ppm fluoride, milk+10 ppm fluoride and artificial saliva+10 ppm fluoride. Ca content in this zone increased with increasing fluoride content and was highest after artificial saliva+10 ppm fluoride incubation. In the artificial saliva+10 ppm fluoride group, an additional crystalline layer was present on top of the lesion that contained elevated levels of F and Ca. Conclusion Incubation of root dentin with fluoridated milk showed a clear effect on root dentin remineralization, and incubation with NaF dissolved in artificial saliva demonstrated a stronger effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang H. Arnold
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Bastian A. Heidt
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kuntz
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Ella A. Naumova
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
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Garg AK, Bhardwaj A, Mantri VR, Agrawal N. Endodontic management of mesiobuccal-2 canal in four-rooted and five-canalled mandibular third molar. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014; 15:363-366. [PMID: 25307822 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM A case of unusual Root morphology is presented to demonstrate anatomic variations in mandibular third molar. BACKGROUND The most common configuration of mandibular third molar is two Roots and three canals; however they may have many different combinations. Endodontic treatment was performed in mandibular third molar having aberrant anatomy. CASE DESCRIPTION Four Root canal orifices were located with the aid of dental operating microscope (DOM) and three separate Roots were diagnosed with radiographs. Spiral computed tomography (SCT) showed the presence of an extra canal and extra Root, indicating a rare anatomic configuration. Looking for additional canals and Roots are important part of successful endodontics, as the knowledge of their existence enable clinicians to treat a case successfully that otherwise might end in failure. CONCLUSION The use of DOM and SCT in this case greatly contributed toward making a confirmatory diagnosis and successful endodontic treatment of four-rooted and five-canalled mandibular third molar. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Variation in Root canal anatomy is very common. Knowledge of these variations is very essential for successful Root canal outcome, inability to do so can lead to missed canals and failures. Hence, thorough knowledge of Root canal anatomy and advances in diagnostic aids are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Garg
- Associate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, KD Dental College and Hospital, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India, e-mail:
| | - Anuj Bhardwaj
- Assistant Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, KD Dental College and Hospital, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay R Mantri
- Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, KD Dental College and Hospital, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Agrawal
- Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Modern Dental College and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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West J. The role of endodontics in interdisciplinary dentistry: are you making the right decisions? Dent Today 2014; 33:80-85. [PMID: 24791290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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Bherwani C, Kulloli A, Kathariya R, Shetty S, Agrawal P, Gujar D, Desai A. Zucchelli's technique or tunnel technique with subepithelial connective tissue graft for treatment of multiple gingival recessions. J Int Acad Periodontol 2014; 16:34-42. [PMID: 24844026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gingival recession is both unpleasant and unesthetic. Meeting the esthetic and functional demands of patients with multiple gingival recessions remains a major therapeutic challenge. We compared the clinical effectiveness of Zucchelli's technique and tunnel technique with subepithelial connective tissue graft (SECTG) for multiple gingival recessions. METHODS Twenty systemically and periodontally healthy subjects having 75 recession defects (Miller's class I or II, 39 test and 36 control sites) were included. After initial nonsurgical therapy, test sites were treated with Zucchelli's technique and control sites with tunnel technique with SECTG. Plaque index, bleeding index, pocket depth, recession depth, clinical attachment level, and keratinized gingiva height were evaluated at baseline, 3 and 6 months post-surgery. RESULTS The mean root coverage was 89.33% +/- 14.47% and 80.00% +/- 15.39% in the test and control groups respectively, with no significant difference between groups. Statistically significant root coverage was obtained for 82.50% +/- 23.72% and 71.40% +/- 20.93% of defects in the test and control groups, respectively. CONCLUSION Zucchelli's technique is effective for the treatment of multiple adjacent recessions in terms of both root coverage and keratinized tissue gain, irrespective of the number of defects. Moreover, this technique does not require an additional surgical site as required in the gold standard SECTG.
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