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Wang FR, Peng ML, Zhu QF, Yu LL, Zhang LJ, Xu SY, Wang Q, Li J, He X, Liao SG, Ao JL, Xu GB. Withanolides from the active extract of Physalis angulate and their anti-hepatic fibrosis effects. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 325:117830. [PMID: 38301983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Physalis angulata L., a traditional Chinese medicine called "Kuzhi" in China, was used traditionally to treat liver diseases (eg. icterus, hepatitis) as well as malaria, asthma, and rheumatism. AIM OF THE STUDY Our study aimed to investigate the withanolides with anti-hepatic fibrosis effect from P. angulate. MATERIALS AND METHODS Withanolides were obtained from the EtOH extract of P. angulate by bioassay-molecular networking analysis-guided isolation using column chromatography and normal/reversed-phase semipreparative HPLC. The structures of new withanolides were elucidated by combinations of spectroscopic techniques with NMR and ECD calculations. MTT cell viability assay, AO/EB staining method, cell wound healing assay, ELISA and Western blot experiments were employed to evaluate the anti-hepatic fibrosis activity and to uncover related mechanism. Molecular docking analysis and cellular thermal shift assay were used to evaluate and verify the interaction between the active withanolides and their potential targets. RESULTS Eight unreported withanolides, withagulides A-H (1-8), along with twenty-eight known ones were obtained from P. angulate. Withanolides 6, 9, 10, 24, 27, and 29-32 showed marked anti-hepatic fibrosis effect with COL1A1 expression inhibition above 50 %. Physalin F (9), the main component in the active fraction, significantly decreased the TGF β1-stimulated expressions of collagen I and α-SMA in LX-2 cells. Mechanism study revealed that physalin F exerted its anti-hepatic fibrosis effect via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. CONCLUSION This study suggested that withanolides were an important class of natural products with marked anti-hepatic fibrosis effect. The main withanolide physalin F might be a promising candidate for hepatic fibrosis treatment. The work provided experimental foundation for the use of P. angulate to treat hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Gui-an New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; University Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases by Authentic Medicinal Materials in Guizhou Province, Gui-an New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Mei-Lin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Gui-an New District, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Qin-Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Gui-an New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Ling-Ling Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Gui-an New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Li-Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Gui-an New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Shi-Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Gui-an New District, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Gui-an New District, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Gui-an New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Xun He
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Gui-an New District, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Shang-Gao Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Gui-an New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; University Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases by Authentic Medicinal Materials in Guizhou Province, Gui-an New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China.
| | - Jun-Li Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Gui-an New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China.
| | - Guo-Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Gui-an New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; University Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases by Authentic Medicinal Materials in Guizhou Province, Gui-an New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China.
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Xiang K, Liu Y, Zhu R, Xu Y, Sun D, Yang Y, Yan Y, Yang B, Li H, Chen L. Cytotoxic withanolides from the stems and leaves of Physalis ixocarpa. Food Chem 2024; 439:138136. [PMID: 38064840 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The stems and leaves of the tomatillo (Physalis ixocarpa or Physalis philadelphica) were considered agricultural waste during the processing of tomatillo fruits. However, their potential value for utilization has not yet been explored. The investigation resulted in the isolation of a total of 29 withanolides, out of which 15 never reported. These newly discovered withanolides were then tested for their cytotoxicity against eight different human tumor cell lines. Compounds 2-3, 6-7, 17, 19, and 25-27 displayed encouraging cytotoxic effects. Given the potent inhibitory activity of physagulin C (25) on the proliferation of HepG2 cells in vitro, further investigation was conducted to determine its molecular mechanism. Physagulin C inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process through the down-regulation of the JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. Withanolides presenting in the stems and leaves of tomatillo make the plant possess potential commercial importance. Therefore, tomatillos could be commercialized worldwide in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xiang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dejuan Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yueying Yang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yushu Yan
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Bingyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Institute of Structural Pharmacology & TCM Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Liu X, Chen C, Lin Y, Liu Y, Cai S, Li D, Li L, Xiao P, Yi F. Withania somnifera root extract inhibits MGO-induced skin fibroblast cells dysfunction via ECM-integrin interaction. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 323:117699. [PMID: 38185262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, known as Ashwagandha, has long been used in traditional medicine in Ayurveda, India, a representative adaptogen. The main active constituents of W. somnifera are withanolides, and the root is often used as a medicine with a wide range of pharmacological activities, which can be used to treat insomnia, neurasthenia, diabetes mellitus and skin cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY Whole-component qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed on W. somnifera. We explored the ameliorative effect of the adaptogen representative plant W. somnifera on the senescence events of MGO-injured fibroblasts and its action mechanism and verified the hypotheses that WS can inhibit the accumulation of AGEs and regulate the dynamic balance among the components of the ECM by modulating the expression of integrin β1 receptor; as a result, WS maintains cellular behavioural and biological functions in a normal range and retards the aging of skin from the cellular level. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the components of WS were first qualitatively and quantitatively analysed by HPLC fingerprinting and LC-MS detection. Second, a model of MGO-induced injury of CML-overexpressing fibroblasts was established. ELISA was used to detect CML expression and the synthesis of key extracellular matrix ECM protein components COL1, FN1, LM5 and TNC synthesis; CCK-8 was used to detect cell viability; EDU was used to detect cell proliferation capacity; fluorescence was used to detect cell adhesion capacity; and migration assay were used to detect cell migration capacity; qRT-PCR was used to detect the regulatory pathway TGF-β1 and MMP-2, MMP-9 in ECMs; immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of ITGB1; and WB was used to detect the expression of COL1, FN1, LM5, Tnc, TGF-β1, MMP-2, MMP-9 and ITGB1. RESULTS In total, 27 active ingredients were analysed from WS, which mainly consisted of withanolide components, such as withaferin A and withanolide A. Based on the model of MGO-induced fibroblast senescence injury, WS significantly inhibited CML synthesis. By up-regulating the expression of integrin β1, it upregulated the expression of the TGF-β1 gene, which is closely related to the generation of ECMs, downregulated the expression of the MMP-2 and MMP-9 genes, which are closely related to the degradation of ECMs, maintained the dynamic balance of the four types of ECMs, and improved cell viability as well as proliferation, migration and adhesion abilities. CONCLUSIONS WS can prevent cellular behavioural dysfunction and delay skin ageing by reducing the accumulation of CML, upregulating the expression of the ITGB1 receptor, maintaining the normal function of ECM-integrin receptor interaction and preventing an imbalance between the production and degradation of protein components of ECMs. The findings reported in this study suggest that WS as a CML inhibitor can modulate ECM-integrin homeostasis and has great potential in the field of aging retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxing Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Institute of cosmetic regulatory science, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Chunyu Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Institute of cosmetic regulatory science, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Yingying Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Institute of cosmetic regulatory science, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Hua An Tang Biotech Group Co., Ltd., No.13, Liuwei Street, Hualong Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511434, PR China
| | - Shaochun Cai
- Hua An Tang Biotech Group Co., Ltd., No.13, Liuwei Street, Hualong Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511434, PR China
| | - Dongcui Li
- Hua An Tang Biotech Group Co., Ltd., No.13, Liuwei Street, Hualong Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511434, PR China
| | - Li Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Institute of cosmetic regulatory science, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 151 Malianwa N, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Fan Yi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Institute of cosmetic regulatory science, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China.
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Vaidya VG, Naik NN, Ganu G, Parmar V, Jagtap S, Saste G, Bhatt A, Mulay V, Girme A, Modi SJ, Hingorani L. Clinical pharmacokinetic evaluation of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal root extract in healthy human volunteers: A non-randomized, single dose study utilizing UHPLC-MS/MS analysis. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 322:117603. [PMID: 38122911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal; (Solanaceae), commonly known as Ashwagandha, is one of the most significant medicinal herbs in 'Ayurveda', a traditional Indian medicine used for centuries with evidence in scriptures. Ashwagandha was mentioned in old Ayurvedic medical literature such as Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita for improving weight and strength, with multiple citations for internal and exterior usage in emaciation and nourishing the body. Ethnopharmacological evidence revealed that it was used to relieve inflammation, reduce abdominal swelling, as a mild purgative, and treat swollen glands. The root was regarded as a tonic, aphrodisiac, and emmenagogue in the Unani tradition of the Indian medicinal system. Further, Ashwagandha has been also described as an Ayurvedic medicinal plant in the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India extending informed therapeutic usage and formulations. Despite the widespread ethnopharmacological usage of Ashwagandha, clinical pharmacokinetic parameters are lacking in the literature; hence, the findings of this study will be relevant for calculating doses for future clinical evaluations of Ashwagandha root extract. AIM This study aimed to develop a validated and highly sensitive bioanalytical method for quantifying withanosides and withanolides of the Ashwagandha root extract in human plasma to explore its bioaccessibility. Further to apply a developed method to perform pharmacokinetics of standardized Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal root extract (WSE; AgeVel®/Witholytin®) capsules in healthy human volunteers. METHODS A sensitive, reliable, and specific ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of five major withanosides and withanolides (withanoside IV, withanoside V, withanolide A, withaferin A, and 12-deoxy-withastramonolide) in human plasma. Further for the study, eighteen healthy male volunteers (18-45 years) were enrolled in a non-randomized, open-label, single period, single treatment, clinical pharmacokinetic study and given a single dose (500 mg) of WSE (AgeVel®/Witholytin®) capsules containing not less than 7.5 mg of total withanolides under fasting condition. Later, pharmacokinetic profiles were assessed using the plasma concentration of each bioactive constituent Vs. time data. RESULTS For all five constituents, the bioanalytical method demonstrated high selectivity, specificity, and linearity. There was no carryover, and no matrix effect was observed. Furthermore, the inter-day and intra-day precision and accuracy results fulfilled the acceptance criteria. Upon oral administration of WSE capsules, Cmax was found to be 0.639 ± 0.211, 2.926 ± 1.317, 2.833 ± 0.981, and 5.498 ± 1.986 ng/mL for withanoside IV, withanolide A, withaferin A, and 12-deoxy-withastramonolide with Tmax of 1.639 ± 0.993, 1.361 ± 0.850, 0.903 ± 0.273, and 1.375 ± 0.510 h respectively. Further, withanoside V was also detected in plasma; but its concentration was found below LLOQ. CONCLUSION The novel and first-time developed bioanalytical method was successfully applied for the quantification of five bio-active constituents in human volunteers following administration of WSE capsules, indicating that withanosides and withanolides were rapidly absorbed from the stomach, have high oral bioavailability, and an optimum half-life to produce significant pharmacological activity. Further, AgeVel®/Witholytin® was found safe and well tolerated after oral administration, with no adverse reaction observed at a 500 mg dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidyadhar G Vaidya
- Lokmanya Medical Research Centre and Hospital, Pune, 411033, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Ninad N Naik
- Lokmanya Medical Research Centre and Hospital, Pune, 411033, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Gayatri Ganu
- Mprex Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Pune, 411057, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Vijay Parmar
- Pharmanza Herbal Pvt. Ltd., Anand, 388430, Gujarat, India.
| | - Shubham Jagtap
- Pharmanza Herbal Pvt. Ltd., Anand, 388430, Gujarat, India.
| | - Ganesh Saste
- Pharmanza Herbal Pvt. Ltd., Anand, 388430, Gujarat, India.
| | - Ankit Bhatt
- Pharmanza Herbal Pvt. Ltd., Anand, 388430, Gujarat, India.
| | - Vallabh Mulay
- Pharmanza Herbal Pvt. Ltd., Anand, 388430, Gujarat, India.
| | - Aboli Girme
- Pharmanza Herbal Pvt. Ltd., Anand, 388430, Gujarat, India.
| | | | - Lal Hingorani
- Pharmanza Herbal Pvt. Ltd., Anand, 388430, Gujarat, India.
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Wijeratne EMK, Xu YM, Padumadasa C, Astashkin AV, Gunatilaka AAL. A Homodimer of Withaferin A Formed by Base-Promoted Elimination of Acetic Acid from 27- O-Acetylwithaferin A Followed by a Diels-Alder Reaction. J Nat Prod 2024; 87:583-590. [PMID: 38414352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Treatment of 27-O-acetylwithaferin A (2) with the non-nucleophilic base, 1,8-diazabicyclo[5,4,0]undec-7-ene (DBU), afforded 5β,6β-epoxy-4β-hydroxy-1-oxo-witha-2(3),23(24),25(27)-trienolide (3) and 4, a homodimer of withaferin A resulting from a Diels-Alder [4 + 2] type cycloaddition of the intermediate α,β-dimethylene-δ-lactone (9). Structures of 3 and 4 were elucidated using HRMS and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The structure of 4 was also confirmed by single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis of its bis-4-O-p-nitrobenzoate (8). Formation of withaferin A homodimer (4) as the major product suggests regio- and stereoselectivity of the Diels-Alder [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of 9. Acetylation of 2-4 afforded their acetyl derivatives 5-7, respectively. Compounds 2-4 and 6-8 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against four prostate cancer (PC) cell lines (LNCaP, 22Rv1, DU-145, and PC-3) and normal human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cells. Significantly, 4 exhibited improved activity compared to the other compounds for most of the tested cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Kithsiri Wijeratne
- Southwest Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Arizona, 1064 E. Lowell Street, Tucson, Arizona 85719, United States
| | - Ya-Ming Xu
- Southwest Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Arizona, 1064 E. Lowell Street, Tucson, Arizona 85719, United States
| | - Chayanika Padumadasa
- Southwest Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Arizona, 1064 E. Lowell Street, Tucson, Arizona 85719, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Andrei V Astashkin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - A A Leslie Gunatilaka
- Southwest Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Arizona, 1064 E. Lowell Street, Tucson, Arizona 85719, United States
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Waller SB, Ripoll MK, Pierobom RM, Rodrigues PRC, Costa PPC, Pinto FDCL, Pessoa ODL, Gomes ADR, de Faria RO, Cleff MB. Screening of alkaloids and withanolides isolated from Solanaceae plants for antifungal properties against non-wild type Sporothrix brasiliensis. J Mycol Med 2024; 34:101451. [PMID: 38043164 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Antifungal resistance has often been found in animal sporotrichosis in Southern Brazil. The biological potential of compounds from plants of the Solanaceae family against infectious diseases is known, however, it is still unknown against Sporothrix brasiliensis. This study evaluated the anti-Sporothrix brasiliensis activity, synergism, cytotoxicity, and action mechanism of steroidal lactones (withanolides) and alkaloids isolated from these plants. Pure compounds of withanolide D (WNOD), physalin F (PHYF), withanicandin (WNIC), nicandin B (NICB), solasonine (SSON), and solamargine (SMAR) were tested against 12 Sporothrix brasiliensis isolated from cats (n = 11) and dogs (n = 2) through M38-A2 CLSI. For the compounds with the best activity, a checkerboard assay for synergism, sorbitol protection, and ergosterol effect for action mechanism; and MTT test for cytotoxicity were performed. The withanolides WNOD, PHYF, WNIC, and NICB were not antifungal, but SSON (MIC 0.125-1 mg/mL) and SMAR (MIC 0.5-1 mg/mL) were both fungistatic and fungicidal (MFC 0.5-1 mg/mL for both) against wild-type (WT) and non-WT isolates. The activity of SSON and SMAR was indifferent when combined with itraconazole. In the mechanism of action, cell wall and plasma membrane by complexation with ergosterol seemed to be two target structures of SSON and SMAR. SSON was selected for cytotoxicity, whose cell viability in MDBK cells ranged from 28.85 % to 101.75 %, and was higher than 87.49 % at concentrations ≤0.0015 mg/ml. Only the steroidal alkaloids SSON and SMAR were active against non-WT isolates, being promising antifungal candidates for the treatment of feline and canine sporotrichosis with low susceptibility to itraconazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Bressan Waller
- Center for Diagnostics and Research in Veterinary Mycology, Department of Preventive Veterinary, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), 96010-900, Pelotas/RS, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), 96010-900, Pelotas/RS, Brazil.
| | - Márcia Kutscher Ripoll
- Center for Diagnostics and Research in Veterinary Mycology, Department of Preventive Veterinary, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), 96010-900, Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | - Renata Marques Pierobom
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), 96010-900, Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo Ricardo Centeno Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), 96010-900, Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Priscila Correia Costa
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), 96010-900, Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | - Francisco das Chagas Lima Pinto
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry of Medicinal Plants, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Center of Science, Federal University of Ceará (UFC) (UFC), Fortaleza/CE, Brazil
| | - Otília Deusdênia Loiola Pessoa
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry of Medicinal Plants, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Center of Science, Federal University of Ceará (UFC) (UFC), Fortaleza/CE, Brazil
| | - Angelita Dos Reis Gomes
- Center for Diagnostics and Research in Veterinary Mycology, Department of Preventive Veterinary, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), 96010-900, Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | - Renata Osório de Faria
- Center for Diagnostics and Research in Veterinary Mycology, Department of Preventive Veterinary, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), 96010-900, Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | - Marlete Brum Cleff
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), 96010-900, Pelotas/RS, Brazil
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Karami M, Naghavi MR, Nasiri J, Farzin N, Ignea C. Enhanced production of withaferin A from the hairy root culture of Withania somnifera via synergistic effect of Methyl jasmonate and β-cyclodextrin. Plant Physiol Biochem 2024; 208:108440. [PMID: 38412705 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Due to low amounts of withanolides produced in some plants and high demand for various applications, their biotechnological production is widely researched. The effects of two explant types (i.e., leaf and stem from the in vitro seedlings of three genotypes of Withania somnifera) and four Rhizobium strains (i.e., LBA 9402, A4, ATCC 15834, and C58C1) to improve hairy root formation efficiency was studied. Furthermore, the combined effects of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on withaferin A production after 48 h exposure time was examined. Four hairy roots having the maximum percentage of induced roots and mean number of induced roots to analyze their growth kinetics and identified G3/ATCC/LEAF culture having the maximum specific growth rate (μ = 0.036 day-1) and growth index (GI = 9.18), and the shortest doubling time (Td = 18.82 day) were selected. After 48 h exposure of G3/ATCC/LEAF culture to different elicitation conditions, maximum amounts of withaferin A were produced in samples co-treated with 0.5 mM β-CD + 100 μM MeJA (9.57 mg/g DW) and 5.0 mM β-CD + 100 μM MeJA (17.45 mg/g DW). These outcomes represented a 6.8-fold and 12.5-fold increase, respectively, compared to the control. Similarly, combined β-CD/MeJA elicitation increased gene expression levels of HMGR, SQS, SMT-1, and SDS/CYP710A involved in withanolides biosynthetic pathway, of which just SMT-1 had significant correlation with withaferin A production. These results demonstrated the superiority of G1-leaf explant and ATCC 15834 for hairy root induction, and revealed synergistic effect of MeJA and β-CD on withaferin A production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahbobeh Karami
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agricultural and Natural Resources College, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Naghavi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agricultural and Natural Resources College, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran; Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Agriculture, RUDN University, 117198, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Jaber Nasiri
- Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Karaj, Iran.
| | - Narjes Farzin
- Department of Horticultural Science and Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Codruta Ignea
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0E9, Canada.
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8
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Dutra LL, Borges RJ, Maltarollo VG, Mendes TAO, Bressan GC, Leite JPV. In silico evaluation of pharmacokinetics properties of withanolides and simulation of their biological activities against Alzheimer's disease. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:2616-2631. [PMID: 37166375 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2206909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The withanolides are naturally occurring steroidal lactones found mainly in plants of the Solanaceae family. The subtribe Withaninae includes species like Withania sominifera, which are a source of many bioactive withanolides. In this work, we selected and evaluate the ADMET-related properties of 91 withanolides found in species of the subtribe Withaninae computationally, to predict the relationship between their structures and their pharmacokinetic profiles. We also evaluated the interaction of these withanolides with known targets of Alzheimer's disease (AD) through molecular docking and molecular dynamics. Withanolides presented favorable pharmacokinetic properties, like high gastrointestinal absorption, lipophilicity (logP ≤ 5), good distribution and excretion parameters, and a favorable toxicity profile. The specie Withania aristata stood out as an interesting source of the promising withanolides classified as 5-ene with 16-ene or 17-ene. These withanolides presented a favourable pharmacokinetic profile and were also highlighted as the best candidates for inhibition of AD-related targets. Our results also suggest that withanolides are likely to act as cholinesterase inhibitors by interacting with the catalytic pocket in an energy favorable and stable way.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana L Dutra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael J Borges
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vinícius G Maltarollo
- Pharmaceutical Products Department- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tiago A O Mendes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gustavo C Bressan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João Paulo V Leite
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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9
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Zhang Q, Yuan Y, Cao S, Kang N, Qiu F. Withanolides: Promising candidates for cancer therapy. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1104-1158. [PMID: 38176694 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Natural products have played a significant role throughout history in the prevention and treatment of numerous diseases, particularly cancers. As a natural product primarily derived from various medicinal plants in the Withania genus, withanolides have been shown in several studies to exhibit potential activities in cancer treatment. Consequently, understanding the molecular mechanism of withanolides could herald the discovery of new anticancer agents. Withanolides have been studied widely, especially in the last 20 years, and attracted the attention of numerous researchers. Currently, over 1200 withanolides have been classified, with approximately a quarter of them having been reported in the literature to be able to modulate the survival and death of cancer cells through multiple avenues. To what extent, though, has the anticancer effects of these compounds been studied? How far are they from being developed into clinical drugs? What are their potential, characteristic features, and challenges? In this review, we elaborate on the current knowledge of natural compounds belonging to this class and provide an overview of their natural sources, anticancer activity, mechanism of action, molecular targets, and implications for anticancer drug research. In addition, direct targets and clinical research to guide the design and implementation of future preclinical and clinical studies to accelerate the application of withanolides have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - YongKang Yuan
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Kang
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Pan J, Liu Y, Li XY, Wang SY, Wu JT, Li MM, Guan W, Mohammed Algradi A, Kuang HX, Yang BY. Cytotoxic withanolides from the leaves of Datura stramonium L. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301655. [PMID: 38084071 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Six novel withanolides, along with nine known related compounds were isolated from the leaves of Datura stramonium L. The structures and absolute configurations of the new withanolides were elucidated by employing various spectral techniques and comparing them with those previously reported in the literature. In addition, four withanlides demonstrated interesting cytotoxic activity on LN229 cells with IC50 <20 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pan
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Si-Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jia-Tong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Meng-Meng Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Adnan Mohammed Algradi
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Bing-You Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
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Kumar P, Banik SP, Goel A, Chakraborty S, Bagchi M, Bagchi D. Revisiting the Multifaceted Therapeutic Potential of Withaferin A (WA), a Novel Steroidal Lactone, W-ferinAmax Ashwagandha, from Withania Somnifera (L) Dunal. J Am Nutr Assoc 2024; 43:115-130. [PMID: 37410676 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2023.2228863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, abundant in the Indian subcontinent as Ashwagandha or winter cherry, is a herb of unprecedented therapeutic value. The number of ailments for which crude Ashwagandha extract can be used as a preventive or curative is practically limitless; and this explains why its use has been in vogue in ancient Ayurveda since at-least about four thousand years. The therapeutic potential of Ashwagandha mainly owes from its reservoir of alkaloids (isopelletierine, anaferine), steroidal lactones (withanolides) and saponins with an extra acyl group (sitoindoside VII and VIII). Withaferin A is an exceptionally potent withanolide which is found in high concentrations in W. somnifera plant extracts. The high reactivity of Withaferin A owes to the presence of a C-28 ergostane network with multiple sites of unsaturation and differential oxygenation. It interacts with the effectors of multiple signaling pathways involved in inflammatory response, oxidative stress response, cell cycle regulation and synaptic transmission and has been found to be significantly effective in inducing programmed cell death in cancer cells, restoring cognitive health, managing diabetes, alleviating metabolic disorders, and rejuvenating the overall body homeostasis. Additionally, recent studies suggest that Withaferin A (WA) has the potential to prevent viral endocytosis by sequestering TMPRSS2, the host transmembrane protease, without altering ACE-2 expression. The scope of performing subtle structural modifications in this multi-ring compound is believed to further expand its pharmacotherapeutic horizon. Very recently, a novel, heavy metal and pesticide free formulation of Ashwagandha whole herb extract, with a significant amount of WA, termed W-ferinAmax Ashwagandha, has been developed. The present review attempts to fathom the present and future of this wonder molecule with comprehensive discussion on its therapeutic potential, safety and toxicity.Key teaching pointsWithania somnifera (L.) Dunal is a medicinal plant with versatile therapeutic values.The therapeutic potential of the plant owes to the presence of withanolides such as Withaferin A.Withaferin A is a C-28 ergostane based triterpenoid with multiple reactive sites of therapeutic potential.It is effective against a broad spectrum of ailments including neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, inflammatory and oxidative stress disorders and it also promotes cardiovascular and sexual health.W-ferinAmax Ashwagandha, is a heavy metal and pesticide free Ashwagandha whole herb extract based formulation with significant amount of Withaferin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Kumar
- Research and Development Department, Chemical Resources (CHERESO), Panchkula, Haryana, India
| | - Samudra P Banik
- Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad College, Kolkata, India
| | - Apurva Goel
- Regulatory Department, Chemical Resources (CHERESO), Panchkula, India
| | - Sanjoy Chakraborty
- Department of Biological Sciences, New York City College of Technology/CUNY, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Manashi Bagchi
- Research & Development Department, Dr. Herbs LLC, Concord, California, USA
| | - Debasis Bagchi
- Department of Biology, Adelphi University, Garden City, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, USA
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Zhang JF, Wu SF, Zhu L, Cai YX, Yu ZP, Kong LY, Luo JG. Withanolides from Physalis angulata var. villosa and the Relative Configurational Revision of Some Known Analogs. J Nat Prod 2024; 87:38-49. [PMID: 38207331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Physalis angulata var. villosa is a plant possessing abundant withanolides, but in-depth research is lacking. In our ongoing study of P. angulata var. villosa, 15 previously undescribed withanolides (1-15), along with 21 known analogs (16-36), were isolated from the whole plant. The structures of the withanolides (1-15) were elucidated based on analysis of their 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, and ECD data. Additionally, the application of γ-gauche effects with the help of ROESY correlations led to the formulation of empirical rules for withanolides with 14-OH/15-OAc to rapidly determine the 14-OH orientations, making it possible to propose configurational revisions of 19 previously reported analogs (1'-19'). Withanolides 1, 4-6, and 10 showed potent cytotoxic activities against three human cancer cell lines (HCT-116, MDA-MB-231, and A549).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Fei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Fang Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xing Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Peng Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Guang Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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Zhang J, Xu X, Zhao Y, Ren C, Gu M, Zhang H, Wu P, Wang Y, Kong L, Han C. Target Separation and Potential Anticancer Activity of Withanolide-Based Glucose Transporter Protein 1 Inhibitors from Physalis angulata var. villosa. J Nat Prod 2024; 87:2-13. [PMID: 38117981 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) protein is involved in the basal-level absorption of glucose in tumor cells. Inhibiting GLUT1 decreases tumor cell proliferation and induces tumor cell damage. Natural GLUT1 inhibitors have been studied only to a small extent, and the structures of known natural GLUT1 inhibitors are limited to a few classes of natural products. Therefore, discovering and researching other natural GLUT1 inhibitors with novel scaffolds are essential. Physalis angulata L. var. villosa is a plant known as Mao-Ku-Zhi (MKZ). Withanolides are the main phytochemical components of MKZ. MKZ extracts and the components of MKZ exhibited antitumor activity in recent pharmacological studies. However, the antitumor-active components of MKZ and their molecular mechanisms remain unknown. A cell membrane-biomimetic nanoplatform (CM@Fe3O4/MIL-101) was used for target separation of potential GLUT1 inhibitors from MKZ. A new withanolide, physagulide Y (2), together with six known withanolides (1, 3-7), was identified as a potential GLUT1 inhibitor. Physagulide Y was the most potent GLUT1 inhibitor, and its antitumor activity and possible mechanism of action were explored in MCF-7 human cancer cells. These findings advance the development of technologies for the targeted separation of natural products and identify a new molecular framework for the investigation of natural GLUT1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Chunling Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Mengzhen Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Haili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Peiye Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Chao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
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Cavaleri F, Chattopadhyay S, Palsule V, Kar PK, Chatterjee R. Study of Drug Targets Associated With Oncogenesis and Cancer Cell Survival and the Therapeutic Activity of Engineered Ashwagandha Extract Having Differential Withanolide Constitutions. Integr Cancer Ther 2024; 23:15347354231223499. [PMID: 38281118 PMCID: PMC10823841 DOI: 10.1177/15347354231223499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) has gained worldwide popularity for a multitude of health benefits inclusive of cancer-preventive and curative effects. Despite numerous research data supporting the benefits of this wonder herb, the actual use of ashwagandha for cancer treatment in clinics is limited. The primary reason for this is the inconsistent therapeutic outcome due to highly variable composition and constitution of active ingredients in the plant extract impacting ashwagandha's pharmacology. We investigate here an engineered yield: an ashwagandha extract (Oncowithanib) that has a unique and fixed portion of active ingredients to achieve consistent and effective therapeutic activity. Using the MCF7 cell line, Oncowithanib was studied for its anti-neoplastic efficacy and drug targets associated with cell cycle regulation, translation machinery, and cell survival and apoptosis. Results demonstrate a dose-dependent decline in Oncowithanib-treated MCF7 cell viability and reduced colony-forming ability. Treated cells showed increased cell death as evidenced by enhancement of Caspase 3 enzyme activity and decreased expressions of cell proliferation markers such as Ki67 and Aurora Kinase A. Oncowithanib treatment was also found to be associated with expressional suppression of key cellular kinases such as RSK1, Akt1, and mTOR in MCF7 cells. Our findings indicate that Oncowithanib decreases MCF7 cell survival and propagation, and sheds light on common drug targets that might be good candidates for the development of cancer therapeutics. Further in-depth investigations are required to fully explore the potency and pharmacology of this novel extract. This study also highlights the importance of the standardization of herbal extracts to get consistent therapeutic activity for the disease indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Cavaleri
- Biologic Pharmamedical Research, Surrey, BC, Canada
- Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | | | | | - Pradip Kumar Kar
- Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | - Ritam Chatterjee
- Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
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Saunshi YB, David CG, Pushpadass HA, Emerald Franklin ME, Awachat VB, Kadakol VR. Characterization of withanolides and bacoside A-loaded proniosomes: effect on oxidative stress and survival under hypergravity in rodent model. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2023; 49:748-758. [PMID: 38037324 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2023.2286702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This work provides characterization of withanolides and bacoside A proniosomes, and evaluating their potency in rat model for combating oxidative stress-induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage and their survival under hypergravity. SIGNIFICANCE The delivery system was aimed for sustained drug release in plasma and brain, which could improve their efficiency and provide a therapeutic approach to combat oxidative damage and restore BBB integrity. METHODS Proniosomes were prepared using withanolides extracted from the roots of W. somnifera and bacoside A derived from the leaf extract of B. monnieri by thin film hydration technique. In vitro release of withanolides and bacoside A from the proniosomes was studied. In vivo experiments were conducted in Wistar Albino rat model to evaluate the efficacy of drug-loaded proniosomes in improving the antioxidant activity in plasma and brain, restoring BBB integrity and combating hypergravity conditions. RESULTS The withanolides and bacoside A-loaded proniosomes showed slow and sustained release of just 62.0 ± 2.87 and 62.9 ± 3.41%, respectively, in 9 h period against the release of 98-99% for the extracts that served as control. Trials conducted in vivo revealed a significant (p < .05) increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in both plasma and brain. Also, minimal extravasation of Evans blue dye into the brain (15 ± 0.03 and 16 ± 0.03 ng/g in treated groups against 110 ± 0.01 ng/g in control) of the rats fed with drug-loaded proniosomes was indicative of minimal damage to BBB. Rats fed with drug-loaded proniosomes survived to the extent of 75-83.3% against simulated hypergravity as compared to the control group in which only 50% survived. CONCLUSION Proniosomes provided sustained release of drugs, which helped to protect BBB integrity, thereby combating hypergravity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Corbon Godfrey David
- Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
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16
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Wang P, Yang XM, Hu ZX, Li YN, Yang J, Hao XJ, Yuan CM, Yi P. UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS-Guided Isolation of Bioactive Withanolides from the Fruits of Physalis angulata. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:16581-16592. [PMID: 37897427 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Physalis angulata Linn. is an exotic Amazonian fruit that is commonly recognized as wild tomato, winter cherry, and gooseberry. While its fruit is known to contain many nutrients, such as minerals, fibers, and vitamins, few papers have investigated withanolide derivatives from its fruits. UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS, which produces fragmentation spectra, was applied for the first time to guide the isolation of bioactive withanolide derivatives from P. angulata fruits. As a result, twenty-six withanolide derivatives, including two novel 1,10-secowithanolides (1 and 2) and a new derivative (3), were obtained. Compounds 1 and 2 are rare rearranged 1,10-secowithanolides with a tetracyclic 7/6/6/5 ring system. All structures were assigned through various spectroscopic data and quantum chemical calculations. Nine withanolide derivatives exhibited significant inhibitory effects on three tumor cell lines with IC50 values of 0.51-13.79 μM. Moreover, three new compounds (1-3) exhibited potential nitric oxide inhibitory effects in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells (IC50: 7.51-61.8 μM). This investigation indicated that fruits of P. angulata could be applied to treat and prevent cancer and inflammatory-related diseases due to their potent active withanolide derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Meng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Xing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Mao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
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17
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Baghel K, Azam Z, Srivastava R, Gupta N, Kango N. Withaferin-A attenuates diabetes mellitus induced male reproductive dysfunction mediated by ERα in brain and testes of Swiss albino mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17625. [PMID: 37848702 PMCID: PMC10582261 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44904-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease, characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from diminished insulin secretion or insulin resistance. The present study evaluated the ameliorative effects of Withaferin-A (WA) on DM-induced reproductive dysfunction in mice. For the same, mice were intraperitoneally injected with Streptozotocin (STZ), (40 mg/kg/day) for 5 consecutive days to induce DM. Mice were then treated with WA (8 mg/kg/day) in normal and diabetic conditions (STZ + WA). Next, blood glucose levels, oral glucose tolerance, intraperitoneal insulin tolerance, oxidative stress and reproductive parameters were estimated. For reproductive performance, immunofluorescent localization of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH-I) and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in the preoptic area and paraventricular nucleus region of hypothalamus and ERα in testes was performed. STZ-induced diabetes triggered reproductive dysfunctions as mediated by low GnRH-I and ERα in the brain and ERα in the testes along with declined testosterone and estradiol levels. Treatment with WA significantly reduced the blood glucose levels and enhanced glucose clearance accompanied by reduced oxidative stress in the brain, pancreas and testes as indicated by the low levels of H2O2 and MDA in diabetic mice treated with WA (STZ + WA). This study reports, for the first time, that WA can efficiently ameliorate DM-induced reproductive dysfunctions by enhancing endogenous testosterone, estrogen and increased GnRH-I and ERα in the brain and ERα in the testes of DM-induced male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Baghel
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP, 470003, India
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP, 470003, India
| | - Zaffar Azam
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP, 470003, India
| | - Rashmi Srivastava
- Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP, 211002, India
| | - Neelima Gupta
- Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP, 470003, India
| | - Naveen Kango
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP, 470003, India.
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18
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González U, Nieto-Camacho A, Hernández-Ortega S, Martínez M, Maldonado E. Withanolides from Datura ceratocaula and Datura discolor and their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Fitoterapia 2023; 170:105655. [PMID: 37595646 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of the chemical constituents of Datura ceratocaula and D. discolor allowed to isolate three new withanolides, datucerolide A (1) from the first species, and datudiscolides A (8) and B (9) from the second. In addition, seven known withanolides and five ubiquitous compounds were isolated from these plants, along with 27-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl dinnoxolide A (5), which was obtained as the tetraacetyl derivative 4. All the structures were elucidated by analyses of their spectroscopic and spectrometric data and that of dinnoxolide A (6) was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The structure 4 was assigned earlier to daturametelin G-Ac and that of 5 to datinolide B, therefore, it will be discussed whether these assignments are correct. On the other hand, the structure of datudiscolide A (8) was previously assigned to the aglycone of dinoxin B (14), however, a revision of its reported NMR data showed inconsistencies with the proposed structure. The inhibitory activity of withanolides 2, 3, 6-8, 12, and 13 against acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) was evaluated. Compounds 6, 7, 12, and 13 exhibited the best activity with IC50 values ranging from 2.8 to 21.5 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulises González
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Cd. Mx., Mexico.
| | - Antonio Nieto-Camacho
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Cd. Mx., Mexico.
| | - Simón Hernández-Ortega
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Cd. Mx., Mexico.
| | - Mahinda Martínez
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Avenida de las Ciencias s/n, Col. Juriquilla 76230, Querétaro, Qro, Mexico.
| | - Emma Maldonado
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Cd. Mx., Mexico.
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19
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Xing Z, Su A, Mi L, Zhang Y, He T, Qiu Y, Wei T, Li Z, Zhu J, Wu W. Withaferin A: A Dietary Supplement with Promising Potential as an Anti-Tumor Therapeutic for Cancer Treatment - Pharmacology and Mechanisms. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:2909-2929. [PMID: 37753228 PMCID: PMC10519218 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s422512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer, as the leading cause of death worldwide, poses a serious threat to human health, making the development of effective tumor treatments a significant challenge. Natural products continue to serve as crucial resources for drug discovery. Among them, Withaferin A (WA), the most active phytocompound extracted from the renowned dietary supplement Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, exhibits remarkable anti-tumor efficacy. In this manuscript, we aim to comprehensively summarize the pharmacological characteristics of WA as a potential anti-tumor drug candidate, with the objective of contributing to its further development and the discovery of prospective drugs. Through an extensive review of literature from PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science, we have gathered substantial evidence showcasing WA's significant anti-tumor effects against a wide range of cancers in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Mechanistically, WA exerts its anti-tumor influence by inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis. Additionally, it inhibits cell proliferation, cancer stem cells, tumor metastasis, and also suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis. Several studies have identified direct target proteins of WA, such as vimentin, Hsp90, annexin II and mFAM72A, while BCR-ABL, Mortalin (mtHsp70), Nrf2, and c-MYB are potential targets of WA. Notwithstanding its remarkable anti-tumor efficacy, there are some limitations associated with WA, including potential toxicity and poor oral bioavailability, which need to be addressed when considering it as an anti-tumor candidate agent. Nevertheless, I given its promising anti-tumor attributes, WA remains an encouraging candidate for future drug development. Unveiling the exact target and comprehensive mechanism of WA's action represents a crucial research direction to pursue in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Xing
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Anping Su
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Mi
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting He
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Qiu
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Wei
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingqiang Zhu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenshuang Wu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Nakano D, Ishitsuka K, Deishi Y, Tsuchihashi R, Kinjo J, Nohara T, Okawa M. Screening of promising chemotherapeutic candidates from plants against human adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (VIII): six new withanolides from Physalis philadelphica. J Nat Med 2023; 77:688-698. [PMID: 37202653 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01705-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a malignancy of mature peripheral T-lymphocytes caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I). There are an estimated 5-20 million HTLV-1-infected individuals worldwide. Conventional chemotherapeutic regimens used against other malignant lymphomas have been administered to patients with ATL, but the therapeutic outcomes of acute and lymphoma-type ATL remain extremely poor. In the course of our screening program for novel chemotherapeutic candidate compounds from plants against two human T-cell leukemia virus I-infected T-cell lines (MT-1 and MT-2), we screened 16 extracts obtained from different parts of 7 Solanaceae plants. We identified that the extracts of Physalis pruinosa and P. philadelphica showed potent anti-proliferative activity in MT-1 and MT-2 cells. In our previous study, we have isolated withanolides from extract of aerial parts of P. pruinosa and examined their structure-activity relationships. In addition, we are also investigating further structure-activity relationships about other withanolides from Solanaceae plants (Withania somnifera, Withania coagulans, Physalis angulate, Nicandra physalodes, Petunia hybrida, and Solanum cilistum). In this study, we attempted to isolate their active compounds against MT-1 and MT-2 from extracts of P. philadelphica. We identified 13 withanolides, including six newly isolated compounds [24R, 25S-4β, 16β, 20R-trihydroxy-1-oxowitha-2-en-5β, 6 β -epoxy-22,26-olide (1), 4β, 7β,20R-trihydroxy-1-oxowitha-2-en-5β, 6β -epoxy-22,26-olide (2), 17β,20 S-dihydroxywithanone (3), 2,3-dihydro-3β-methoxy-23β-hydroxywithaphysacarpin (4), 3-O-(4-rhamnosyl)glucosyl-physalolactone B (5), and 17R, 20R, 22S, 23S, 24R, 25R-4β, 5α, 6β, 20β, 22α -tetrahydroxy-16β, 23-diepoxy-1-oxowitha-2-en-26, 23-olide (6)], from the extract and examined the structure-activity relationships. The 50% effective concentration of withaphysacarpin (compound 7) [MT-1: 0.10 µM and MT-2: 0.04 µM] was comparable to that of etoposide [MT-1: 0.08 µM and MT-2: 0.07 µM]. Therefore, withanolides might be promising candidates for the treatment of ATL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Nakano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishitsuka
- Division of Hematology and Immunology, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Yurie Deishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Ryota Tsuchihashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Junei Kinjo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Nohara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-0082, Japan
| | - Masafumi Okawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
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21
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Yano A, Yuki S, Shiraishi A, Hakozaki M, Kanno Y, Kimura KI, Uesugi S. Golden berry leaf extract containing withanolides suppresses TNF-α and IL-17 induced IL-6 expression in HeLa Cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 87:972-980. [PMID: 37279446 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation, characterized by the overexpression of IL-6 in various tissues, has been reported as a symptom of coronavirus disease 2019. In this study, we established an experimental system for overexpression of IL-6 in HeLa cells stimulated by TNF-α and IL-17, along with identification of anti-inflammatory materials and components from local agricultural, forestry, and fishery resources. We constructed a library of extracts from natural sources, of which 111 samples were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities. The MeOH extract of Golden Berry (Physalis peruviana L) leaf was found to exhibit strong anti-inflammatory properties (IC50 = 4.97 µg/mL). Preparative chromatography identified two active constituents, 4β-hydroxywithanolide E (4β-HWE) (IC50 = 183 nM) and withanolide E (WE) (IC50 = 65.1 nM). Withanolides are known anti-inflammatory ingredients of Withania somnifera, an Ayurvedic herbal medicine. P. peruviana leaves containing 4β-HWE and WE should be considered as useful natural resources for anti-inflammatory products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Yano
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan
| | - Sayaka Yuki
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan
| | | | | | - Yuko Kanno
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Kimura
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Shota Uesugi
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan
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22
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Mir SA, Wani RA, Maqbool MS, Singh D, Bharitkar YP, Malik FA, Yousuf SK. TFA-mediated stereoselective aza-Michael addition for the synthesis of 3β-arylamine derivatives of withaferin A and evaluation of their anticancer potential. Steroids 2023; 191:109172. [PMID: 36574871 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient protocol for the aza-Michael addition of various aromatic anilines to ring A of withaferin A has been developed. Stereoselectivity, functional group tolerance, broad substrate scope, short reaction time and moderate to high yield are the merits of the protocol. One of the synthesized compounds 11 shows an IC 50 value of 3.8 μM against aggressive, highly metastatic triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabir Ahmad Mir
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Srinagar 190005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India
| | - Rafiq Ahmad Wani
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Srinagar 190005, India
| | - Mir Shahid Maqbool
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India; Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Srinagar 190005, India
| | - Deepika Singh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India; Quality Management & Instrumentation Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu 180001, India
| | - Yogesh P Bharitkar
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Srinagar 190005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India
| | - Fayaz A Malik
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India; Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Srinagar 190005, India
| | - Syed Khalid Yousuf
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Srinagar 190005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India.
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23
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Checker R, Bhilwade HN, Nandha SR, Patwardhan RS, Sharma D, Sandur SK. Withaferin A, a steroidal lactone, selectively protects normal lymphocytes against ionizing radiation induced apoptosis and genotoxicity via activation of ERK/Nrf-2/HO-1 axis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 461:116389. [PMID: 36716864 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Increasing use of ionizing radiation (IR) in medicine, industry, agriculture and research ensues potential health hazards if not used properly or contained effectively. However, radioprotectors which are effective in clinical and/or accidental radiation exposures are still elusive. In this direction, we have explored the radioprotective potential of Withaferin A, a plant withanolide, which was recently shown to be safe and well tolerated in cancer patients in a clinical trial and is also known to be a radio-sensitizer in cancer cells. Our results show that, Withaferin A (WA) protected only normal lymphocytes, but not cancer cells, against IR-induced apoptosis and offered radioprotection even when added post-radiation exposure. WA treatment led to significant inhibition of IR-induced caspase-3 activation and decreased IR-induced DNA damage to lymphocytes and bone-marrow cells. WA reduced intracellular ROS and GSH levels and only thiol based anti-oxidants could abrogate the radio-protective effects of WA, indicating a crucial role of cellular/protein thiols in its biological activity. The inability of WA-glutathione adduct to offer radioprotection further underscored the role of cellular thiols. WA induced pro-survival transcription factor, Nrf-2, and expression of cytoprotective genes HO-1, catalase, SOD, peroxiredoxin-2 via ERK. Further, WA administration could rescue mice against radiation induced mortality, DNA damage, increase in micro-nucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (mn-PCEs) and increased ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) to Normochromatic Erythrocytes (NCEs) in bone-marrow, demonstrating its potent in vivo the radio-protective efficacy. In conclusion, WA selectively protects normal cells against IR-induced apoptosis via activation of cytoprotective Nrf-2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Checker
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - H N Bhilwade
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Shivani R Nandha
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Raghavendra S Patwardhan
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Santosh K Sandur
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India.
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24
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Pięta E, Chrabąszcz K, Pogoda K, Suchy K, Paluszkiewicz C, Kwiatek WM. Adaptogenic activity of withaferin A on human cervical carcinoma cells using high-definition vibrational spectroscopic imaging. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166615. [PMID: 36481485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite invaluable advances in cervical cancer therapy, treatment regimens for recurrent or persistent cancers and low-toxicity alternative treatment options are scarce. In recent years, substances classified as adaptogens have been identified as promising drug sources for preventing and treating cancer-based diseases on their ability to attack multiple molecular targets. This paper establishes the effectiveness of inhibition of the neoplastic process by a withaferin A (WFA), an adaptogenic substance, based on an in vitro model of cervical cancer. This study explores for the first time the potential of high-definition vibrational spectroscopy methods, i.e. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopic (RS) imaging at the single-cell level to evaluate the efficacy of the adaptogenic drug. HeLa cervical cancer cells were incubated with various concentrations of WFA at different incubation times. The multimodal spectroscopic approach combined with partial least squares (PLS) regression allowed the identification of molecular changes (e.g., lipids, protein secondary structures, or nucleic acids) induced by WFA at the cellular level. The results clearly illustrate the enormous potential of WFA in inhibiting the proliferation of cervical cancer cells. WFA inhibited the growth of the studied cancer cell line in a dose-dependent manner. Such studies provide comprehensive information on the sensitivity of cells to adaptogenic drugs. This is a fundamental step towards determining the rate and nature of adaptogen-induced changes in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Pięta
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Karolina Chrabąszcz
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pogoda
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland
| | - Klaudia Suchy
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Wojciech M Kwiatek
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland
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Abreu Alves P, Dantas Rocha KA, Bezerra LL, Ayala AP, Vieira Monteiro NDK, Pessoa ODL. Withanolides of Athenaea velutina with potential inhibitory properties against SARS coronavirus main protease (m pro): molecular modeling studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:12267-12275. [PMID: 36690603 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2167863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Since the global COVID-19 pandemic began, the scientific community has dedicated efforts to finding effective antiviral drugs to treat or minimize the effects caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Some targets can act as inhibitor substrates, highlighting the Main Protease (Mpro), which plays an essential role in the translation and transcription of the virus cycle. Withanolides, a class of natural C28 steroidal lactones, are compounds of interest as possible inhibitors of Mpro and other critical targets of the virus, such as papain-like protease. In this study, the isolation of a new withanolide (1), along with the known 27-deoxywithaferin A (2) and 27-deoxy-2,3-dihydrowithaferin A (3), from the leaves of Athenaea velutina (Solanaceae) is described. Their structures were determined using spectroscopic and spectrometric methods (NMR, IR, HRESIMS). Moreover, the interaction and the stability of withanolides 1-3 and withanolide D (4), previously isolated of Acnistus arborescens, against the Mpro target through molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and binding free energy simulations were analyzed. The molecular dynamics results indicated that the complexes formed by the molecular docking simulations between the Mpro target with each of the withanolides 1-4 exhibited good stability during the simulations due to a slight change in the structure of complexes. The binding free energy results suggested that withanolide (1) can be a natural candidate against COVID-19 disease.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pabllo Abreu Alves
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico Química, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Késya Amanda Dantas Rocha
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lucas Lima Bezerra
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico Química, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Pedro Ayala
- Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Deshpande SH, Muhsinah AB, Bagewadi ZK, Ankad GM, Mahnashi MH, Yaraguppi DA, Shaikh IA, Khan AA, Hegde HV, Roy S. In Silico Study on the Interactions, Molecular Docking, Dynamics and Simulation of Potential Compounds from Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal Root against Cancer by Targeting KAT6A. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031117. [PMID: 36770785 PMCID: PMC9920226 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is characterized by the abnormal development of cells that divide in an uncontrolled manner and further take over the body and destroy the normal cells of the body. Although several therapies are practiced, the demand and need for new therapeutic agents are ever-increasing because of issues with the safety, efficacy and efficiency of old drugs. Several plant-based therapeutics are being used for treatment, either as conjugates with existing drugs or as standalone formulations. Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal is a highly studied medicinal plant which is known to possess immunomodulatory activity as well as anticancer properties. The pivotal role of KAT6A in major cellular pathways and its oncogenic nature make it an important target in cancer treatment. Based on the literature and curated datasets, twenty-six compounds from the root of W. somnifera and a standard inhibitor were docked with the target KAT6A using Autodock vina. The compounds and the inhibitor complexes were subjected to molecular dynamics simulation (50 ns) using Desmond to understand the stability and interactions. The top compounds (based on the docking score of less than -8.5 kcal/mol) were evaluated in comparison to the inhibitor. Based on interactions at ARG655, LEU686, GLN760, ARG660, LEU689 and LYS763 amino acids with the inhibitor WM-8014, the compounds from W. somnifera were evaluated. Withanolide D, Withasomniferol C, Withanolide E, 27-Hydroxywithanone, Withanolide G, Withasomniferol B and Sitoindoside IX showed high stability with the residues of interest. The cell viability of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells was evaluated by treating them with W. Somnifera root extract using an MTT assay, which showed inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 45 µg/mL. The data from the study support the traditional practice of W. somnifera as an anticancer herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay H. Deshpande
- Department of Biotechnology, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580031, Karnataka, India
| | - Abdullatif Bin Muhsinah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zabin K. Bagewadi
- Department of Biotechnology, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580031, Karnataka, India
- Correspondence: (Z.K.B.); (M.H.M.)
| | - Gireesh M. Ankad
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Mater H. Mahnashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (Z.K.B.); (M.H.M.)
| | - Deepak A. Yaraguppi
- Department of Biotechnology, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580031, Karnataka, India
| | - Ibrahim Ahmed Shaikh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aejaz Abdullatif Khan
- Department of General Science, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah 21418, Saudi Arabia
| | - Harsha V. Hegde
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Subarna Roy
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
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Dantas Rocha KA, de Freitas Paulo T, Ayala AP, da Silva Sampaio V, Gomes Nunes PI, Santos FA, Canuto KM, Silveira ER, Loiola Pessoa OD. Anti-inflammatory withajardins from the leaves of Athenaea velutina. Phytochemistry 2022; 203:113338. [PMID: 35948140 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Withajardins, uncommon modified withanolide-type steroids, have been isolated exclusively from plants of the Solanaceae family so far. Two undescribed withajardins and the known tuboanosigenin were isolated from the hexane/EtOAc 1:1 extract from Athenaea velutina leaves. Their structures were established by an extensive analysis of 1D and 2D-NMR and HRMS data. The absolute configuration was determined by X-ray diffraction (withajardin L and tuboanosigenin) and circular dichroism (CD) analyses (withajardin M). The anti-inflammatory activity of compounds was evaluated through the inhibition of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, and IL-6 release in RAW264.7 cells. The cell viability effects to RAW 264.7 cells showed IC50 values of 74.4-354.4 μM. The compounds attenuated LPS-induced release of NO and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Késya Amanda Dantas Rocha
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60021-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Tércio de Freitas Paulo
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60021-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Pedro Ayala
- Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60440-900, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Iury Gomes Nunes
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60430-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Flávia Almeida Santos
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60430-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Edilberto Rocha Silveira
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60021-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Otília Deusdenia Loiola Pessoa
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60021-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Gowtham HG, Murali M, Singh SB, Shivamallu C, Pradeep S, Shivakumar CS, Anandan S, Thampy A, Achar RR, Silina E, Stupin V, Ortega-Castro J, Frau J, Flores-Holguín N, Amruthesh KN, Kollur SP, Glossman-Mitnik D. Phytoconstituents of Withania somnifera unveiled Ashwagandhanolide as a potential drug targeting breast cancer: Investigations through computational, molecular docking and conceptual DFT studies. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275432. [PMID: 36201520 PMCID: PMC9536605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy in females worldwide and poses a great challenge that necessitates the identification of novel therapeutic agents from several sources. This research aimed to study the molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations of four proteins (such as PDB: 6CBZ, 1FDW, 5GWK and 2WTT) with the selected phytochemicals from Withania somnifera to identify the potential inhibitors for breast cancer. The molecular docking result showed that among 44 compounds, two of them, Ashwagandhanolide and Withanolide sulfoxide have the potential to inhibit estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), 17-beta-hydroxysteroid -dehydrogenase type 1 (17β-HSD1), topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) and p73 tetramerization domain that are expressed during breast cancer. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulations results suggested that Ashwagandhanolide remained inside the binding cavity of four targeted proteins and contributed favorably towards forming a stable protein-ligand complex throughout the simulation. Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity (ADMET) properties confirmed that Ashwagandhanolide is hydrophobic and has moderate intestinal permeability, good intestinal absorption, and poor skin permeability. The compound has a relatively low VDss value (-1.652) and can be transported across ABC transporter and good central nervous system (CNS) permeability but did not easily cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This compound does not possess any mutagenicity, hepatotoxicity and skin sensitization. Based on the results obtained, the present study highlights the anticancer potential of Ashwagandhanolide, a compound from W. somnifera. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo studies are necessary to perform before clinical trials to prove the potentiality of Ashwagandhanolide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahadevamurthy Murali
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Chandan Shivamallu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushma Pradeep
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - C. S. Shivakumar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - Satish Anandan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, Karnataka, India
- * E-mail: (SA); (KNA); (SPK); (DGM)
| | - Anjana Thampy
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghu Ram Achar
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ekaterina Silina
- Department of Human Pathology, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor Stupin
- Department of Hospital Surgery, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Juan Frau
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Malllorca, Spain
| | - Norma Flores-Holguín
- Laboratorio Virtual NANOCOSMOS, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energía, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Chih, México
| | - Kestur Nagaraj Amruthesh
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- * E-mail: (SA); (KNA); (SPK); (DGM)
| | - Shiva Prasad Kollur
- School of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences (SAGEONS), University of the South Pacific, Laucala Campus, Suva, Fiji
- Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru Campus, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- * E-mail: (SA); (KNA); (SPK); (DGM)
| | - Daniel Glossman-Mitnik
- Laboratorio Virtual NANOCOSMOS, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energía, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Chih, México
- * E-mail: (SA); (KNA); (SPK); (DGM)
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Liu W, Zhang H, Wan H, Hou J, Lee D, Xu J, Guo Y. Anti-inflammatory withanolides from the aerial parts of Physalis minima. Phytochemistry 2022; 202:113301. [PMID: 35780926 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Eight undescribed and two known withanolides were obtained from the aerial parts of Physalis minima. The structures of these compounds were defined by spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data analysis. Physminin E was elucidated to be a rare 13,14-seco-withanolide. Inhibitory effects of these compounds on nitric oxide (NO) production were evaluated by using LPS-activated RAW264.7 macrophages, and physminin C was shown to be the most active with an IC50 value of 3.5 μM. The further mechanistic analysis of NO inhibition was performed by molecular docking and Western blotting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxu Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiantong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongho Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Holvoet H, Long DM, Law A, McClure C, Choi J, Yang L, Marney L, Poeck B, Strauss R, Stevens JF, Maier CS, Soumyanath A, Kretzschmar D. Withania somnifera Extracts Promote Resilience against Age-Related and Stress-Induced Behavioral Phenotypes in Drosophila melanogaster; a Possible Role of Other Compounds besides Withanolides. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193923. [PMID: 36235577 PMCID: PMC9573261 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Withania somnifera (WS) extracts have been used in traditional medicine for millennia to promote healthy aging and wellbeing. WS is now also widely used in Western countries as a nutritional supplement to extend healthspan and increase resilience against age-related changes, including sleep deficits and depression. Although human trials have supported beneficial effects of WS, the study designs have varied widely. Plant material is intrinsically complex, and extracts vary widely with the origin of the plant material and the extraction method. Commercial supplements can contain various other ingredients, and the characteristics of the study population can also be varied. To perform maximally controlled experiments, we used plant extracts analyzed for their composition and stability. We then tested these extracts in an inbred Drosophila line to minimize effects of the genetic background in a controlled environment. We found that a water extract of WS (WSAq) was most potent in improving physical fitness, while an ethanol extract (WSE) improved sleep in aged flies. Both extracts provided resilience against stress-induced behavioral changes. WSE contained higher levels of withanolides, which have been proposed to be active ingredients, than WSAq. Therefore, withanolides may mediate the sleep improvement, whereas so-far-unknown ingredients enriched in WSAq likely mediate the effects on fitness and stress-related behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Holvoet
- Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 15, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dani M. Long
- Botanicals Enhancing Neurological and Functional Resilience in Aging, Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Alexander Law
- Botanicals Enhancing Neurological and Functional Resilience in Aging, Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Christine McClure
- Botanicals Enhancing Neurological and Functional Resilience in Aging, Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jaewoo Choi
- Botanicals Enhancing Neurological and Functional Resilience in Aging, Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Liping Yang
- Botanicals Enhancing Neurological and Functional Resilience in Aging, Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Luke Marney
- Botanicals Enhancing Neurological and Functional Resilience in Aging, Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Burkhard Poeck
- Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 15, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Roland Strauss
- Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 15, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan F. Stevens
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Claudia S. Maier
- Botanicals Enhancing Neurological and Functional Resilience in Aging, Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Amala Soumyanath
- Botanicals Enhancing Neurological and Functional Resilience in Aging, Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Doris Kretzschmar
- Botanicals Enhancing Neurological and Functional Resilience in Aging, Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Correspondence:
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Wu JT, Liu Y, Wang SY, Jiang YK, Li XM, Naseem A, Guan W, Pan J, Kuang HX, Yang BY. Four new withanolides with anti-inflammatory activity from Datura inoxia Mill. leaves. Steroids 2022; 182:109010. [PMID: 35283117 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Four previously undescribed withanolides, datinolides A-D (1-4) and eight known withanolides (5-12), were separated from the 70% ethyl alcohol extract of Datura inoxia Mill. leaves. All structures were clarified by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis. Furthermore, all withanolides were assessed for their anti-inflammatory activity and results showed that 1 exhibited a fairly good suppression against nitric oxide generation in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells (IC50 = 10.33 ± 1.53 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Tong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Kai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Mao Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Anam Naseem
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Guan
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Pan
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bing-You Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China.
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32
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Hu B, Li H, Tang C, Ke CQ, Geng M, Yao S, Xie Z, Ye Y. Withaphysalins from Medicinal and Edible Physalis minima and Their Anti-inflammatory Activities. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:5595-5609. [PMID: 35476903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Physalis minima is a medicinal and edible plant in China. In this study, 22 new withaphysalins, including a novel 1(10 → 6)abeo-14β-hydroxy one (1) and other 15 unusual 14β-hydroxy ones (3-4, 6-17, 19), were isolated from the whole herbs of P. minima together with two known analogues (23-24). Their structures were established by extensive analysis of high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, IR, and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. Their absolute configurations were determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra and single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analyses, together with DFT NMR calculations. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity via measuring the colorimetric reporter of the secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase gene driven by an IFN-β minimal promoter fused to five copies of the NF-κB consensus transcriptional response element and three copies of the c-Rel binding site in LPS-stimulated human THP1-Dual cells. Compounds 2, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, and 20 showed significant anti-inflammatory effects with IC50 values in the range of 3.01-13.39 μM. Among them, compounds 2 and 10 showed better anti-inflammatory effects to inhibit the secretion of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated THP1-Dual cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bintao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Han Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Chunping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chang-Qiang Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Meiyu Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Sheng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zuoquan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201203, China
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33
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Almeida AA, Lima GDA, Eiterer M, Rodrigues LA, A do Vale JA, Zanatta AC, Bressan GC, de Oliveira LL, Leite JPV. A Withanolide-rich Fraction of Athenaea velutina Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Melanoma B16F10 Cells. Planta Med 2022; 88:429-439. [PMID: 33853120 DOI: 10.1055/a-1395-9046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Athenaea velutina is a promising Brazilian shrub with cytotoxic and antimigratory properties against cancer cells. However, the mechanism of induction of cancer cell death and the compounds involved remain unknown. To ascertain these bioactive compounds, bioassay-guided fractionation was performed, alongside the appropriate in vitro tests. A withanolide-rich fraction (FAv_5) from the dichloromethane extract increased cytotoxic activity by 1.5-fold (IC50 = 2.1 µg/mL). Fourteen withanolide steroids were tentatively identified for the first time for this species by mass spectrometry coupled to liquid chromatography (LC MS/MS), including withanolide A, aurelianolide A, and aurelianolide B. FAv_5 significantly decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion with a selectivity index greater than 8 for B16F10 cells. Furthermore, flow cytometry with annexin V fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide (V-FITC/PI) staining showed FAv_5 to promote cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1-phase as well as apoptotic cell death. Overall, these findings highlight A. velutina as a source of withanolide-steroids that inhibit cancer cell proliferation through apoptosis and cell cycle blockade mechanisms. Details on the geographic distribution of A. velutina and species conservation strategies have also been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisson A Almeida
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Graziela D A Lima
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Laís A Rodrigues
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Juliana A A do Vale
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana C Zanatta
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Química, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo C Bressan
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Leandro L de Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João P V Leite
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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Balkrishna A, Solleti SK, Singh H, Sharma N, Varshney A. Withanolides from Withania somnifera Ameliorate Neutrophil Infiltration in Endotoxin-Induced Peritonitis by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Cytokines. Planta Med 2022; 88:466-478. [PMID: 33862643 DOI: 10.1055/a-1438-2816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Identification of novel anti-inflammatory strategies are needed to avoid the side effects associated with the currently available therapies. Use of anti-inflammatory herbal remedies is gaining attention. The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the pharmacological potential of the withanolide-rich root extracts of the medical plant Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal using in vivo and in vitro models of endotoxin-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. The pharmacological effects of W. somnifera root extracts were evaluated using a mouse model of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide)-induced peritonitis and various relevant human cell lines. HPLC analysis of the W. somnifera root extracts identified the presence of various bioactive withanolides. In vivo challenge of mice with endotoxin resulted in the infiltration of various leukocytes, specifically neutrophils, along with monocytes and lymphocytes into the peritoneal cavity. Importantly, prophylactic treatment with W. somnifera inhibited the migration of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes and decreased the release of interleukin-1β, TNF-α, and interleukin-6 cytokines into the peritoneal cavity as identified by ELISA. Liver (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, glutathione disulfide, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase) and peritoneal fluid (nitrite) biochemical analysis revealed the antioxidant profile of W. somnifera. Similarly, in human HepG2 cells, W. somnifera significantly modulated the antioxidant levels. In THP-1 cells, W. somnifera decreased the secretion of interleukin-6 and TNF-α. In HEK-Blue reporter cells, W. somnifera inhibited TNF-α-induced nuclear factor-κB/activator protein 1 transcriptional activity. Our findings suggest the pharmacological effects of root extracts of W. somnifera rich in withanolides inhibit neutrophil infiltration, oxidative hepatic damage, and cytokine secretion via modulating the nuclear factor-κB/activator protein 1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
- Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali Yog Peeth, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
- Patanjali UK Trust, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Siva Kumar Solleti
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Hoshiyar Singh
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Niti Sharma
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anurag Varshney
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
- Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali Yog Peeth, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
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35
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Li L, Niu B, Zhang W, Hou L, Zheng Y. Withaferin A inhibits cell proliferation of U266B1 and IM-9 human myeloma cells by inducing intrinsic apoptosis. Acta Biochim Pol 2022; 69:197-203. [PMID: 35235278 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2020_5938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Withaferin A, a withanolide obtained from Withania somnifera exhibits remarkable pharmacological properties. Withaferin A has been reported to exert cytotoxic effects against human multiple myeloma cells. Nevertheless, the in-depth understanding of the withaferin A induced antiproliferative effects against human myeloma cells is still unclear. The results showed that withaferin A inhibited the viability of six different myeloma cells with a lowest IC50 of 9 μM against the U266B1 and IM-9 cell lines. Withaferin A inhibited the viability and colony formation of the U266B1 and IM-9 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. The DAPI and annexin V/PI staining assays revealed that withaferin A exerts anticancer effects against the human myeloma cells via induction of apoptosis. The induction of apoptosis in U266B1 and IM-9 cells was associated with upregulation of Bax and cytochrome c, downregulation of Bcl-2 and activation of PARP, caspase-3 and capase-9 cleavage. Additionally, withaferin A triggered the production of ROS in human myeloma cells indicative of ROS mediated apoptosis in human myeloma cells. The treatment of the U266B1 and IM-9 with ascorbic acid (antioxidant) could prevent the withaferin A mediated ROS production and the withaferin A induced antiproliferative effects. Collectively, the results show that withaferin A inhibits human myeloma cell proliferation via ROS mediated intrinsic apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Li
- Department of hematopathology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi 'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ben Niu
- Department of hematopathology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi 'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of hematopathology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi 'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Limin Hou
- Department of hematopathology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi 'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of hematopathology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi 'an, Shaanxi, China
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36
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Guo B, Liu J, Wang B, Zhang C, Su Z, Zhao M, Qin L, Zhang W, Zheng R. Withaferin A Promotes White Adipose Browning and Prevents Obesity Through Sympathetic Nerve-Activated Prdm16-FATP1 Axis. Diabetes 2022; 71:249-263. [PMID: 34732538 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of obesity has resulted in demands for the development of new effective strategies for obesity treatment. Withaferin A (WA) shows a great potential for prevention of obesity by sensitizing leptin signaling in the hypothalamus. However, the mechanism underlying the weight- and adiposity-reducing effects of WA remains to be elucidated. In this study, we report that WA treatment induced white adipose tissue (WAT) browning, elevated energy expenditure, decreased respiratory exchange ratio, and prevented high-fat diet-induced obesity. The sympathetic chemical denervation dampened the WAT browning and also impeded the reduction of adiposity in WA-treated mice. WA markedly upregulated the levels of Prdm16 and FATP1 (Slc27a1) in the inguinal WAT (iWAT), and this was blocked by sympathetic denervation. Prdm16 or FATP1 knockdown in iWAT abrogated the WAT browning-inducing effects of WA and restored the weight gain and adiposity in WA-treated mice. Together, these findings suggest that WA induces WAT browning through the sympathetic nerve-adipose axis, and the adipocytic Prdm16-FATP1 pathway mediates the promotive effects of WA on white adipose browning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Guo
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarui Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingwei Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijie Su
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Qin
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiguang Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruimao Zheng
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Malik V, Radhakrishnan N, Kaul SC, Wadhwa R, Sundar D. Computational Identification of BCR-ABL Oncogenic Signaling as a Candidate Target of Withaferin A and Withanone. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020212. [PMID: 35204712 PMCID: PMC8961606 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Withaferin-A (Wi-A), a secondary metabolite extracted from Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), has been shown to possess anticancer activity. However, the molecular mechanism of its action and the signaling pathways have not yet been fully explored. We performed an inverse virtual screening to investigate its binding potential to the catalytic site of protein kinases and identified ABL as a strong candidate. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were undertaken to investigate the effects on BCR-ABL oncogenic signaling that is constitutively activated yielding uncontrolled proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML). We found that Wi-A and its closely related withanolide, Withanone (Wi-N), interact at both catalytic and allosteric sites of the ABL. The calculated binding energies were higher in the case of Wi-A at catalytic site (−82.19 ± 5.48) and allosteric site (−67.00 ± 4.96) as compared to the clinically used drugs Imatinib (−78.11 ± 5.21) and Asciminib (−54.00 ± 6.45) respectively. Wi-N had a lesser binding energy (−42.11 ± 10.57) compared to Asciminib at the allosteric site. The interaction and conformational changes, subjected to ligand interaction, were found to be similar to the drugs Imatinib and Asciminib. The data suggested that Ashwagandha extracts containing withanolides, Wi-A and Wi-N may serve as natural drugs for the treatment of CML. Inhibition of ABL is suggested as one of the contributing factors of anti-cancer activity of Wi-A and Wi-N, warranting further in vitro and in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhi Malik
- DAILAB, Department of Biochemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT)-Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110-016, India; (V.M.); (N.R.)
| | - Navaneethan Radhakrishnan
- DAILAB, Department of Biochemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT)-Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110-016, India; (V.M.); (N.R.)
| | - Sunil C. Kaul
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (S.C.K.); (R.W.)
| | - Renu Wadhwa
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (S.C.K.); (R.W.)
| | - Durai Sundar
- DAILAB, Department of Biochemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT)-Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110-016, India; (V.M.); (N.R.)
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, New Delhi 110-016, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-11-2659-1066
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Kumar V, Dhanjal JK, Bhargava P, Kaul A, Wang J, Zhang H, Kaul SC, Wadhwa R, Sundar D. Withanone and Withaferin-A are predicted to interact with transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and block entry of SARS-CoV-2 into cells. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:1-13. [PMID: 32469279 PMCID: PMC7309304 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1775704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) initiated in December 2019 in Wuhan, China and became pandemic causing high fatality and disrupted normal life calling world almost to a halt. Causative agent is a novel coronavirus called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2/2019-nCoV). While new line of drug/vaccine development has been initiated world-wide, in the current scenario of high infected numbers, severity of the disease and high morbidity, repurposing of the existing drugs is heavily explored. Here, we used a homology-based structural model of transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), a cell surface receptor, required for entry of virus to the target host cell. Using the strengths of molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations, we examined the binding potential of Withaferin-A (Wi-A), Withanone (Wi-N) and caffeic acid phenethyl ester to TPMRSS2 in comparison to its known inhibitor, Camostat mesylate. We found that both Wi-A and Wi-N could bind and stably interact at the catalytic site of TMPRSS2. Wi-N showed stronger interactions with TMPRSS2 catalytic residues than Wi-A and was also able to induce changes in its allosteric site. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of Wi-N on TMPRSS2 expression in MCF7 cells and found remarkable downregulation of TMPRSS2 mRNA in treated cells predicting dual action of Wi-N to block SARS-CoV-2 entry into the host cells. Since the natural compounds are easily available/affordable, they may even offer a timely therapeutic/preventive value for the management of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We also report that Wi-A/Wi-N content varies in different parts of Ashwagandha and warrants careful attention for their use.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipul Kumar
- DAILAB, Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Jaspreet Kaur Dhanjal
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Priyanshu Bhargava
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Ashish Kaul
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Jia Wang
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Huayue Zhang
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Sunil C. Kaul
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Renu Wadhwa
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Durai Sundar
- DAILAB, Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Khan MI, Maqsood M, Saeed RA, Alam A, Sahar A, Kieliszek M, Miecznikowski A, Muzammil HS, Aadil RM. Phytochemistry, Food Application, and Therapeutic Potential of the Medicinal Plant ( Withania coagulans): A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:6881. [PMID: 34833974 PMCID: PMC8622323 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal plants have been utilized to treat and cure various health-related problems since ancient times. The use of Ayurvedic medicine is very significant because of its least reported side effects and host of advantages. Withania coagulans (Family; Solanaceae), a valuable medicinal plant, has been used to cure abnormal cell growth, wasting disorders, neural as well as physical problems, diabetes mellitus, insomnia, acute and chronic hepatic ailments. This review provides critical insight regarding the phytochemistry, biological activities, and pharmacognostic properties of W. coagulans. It has been known to possess diuretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, cardio-protective, hepato-protective, hypoglycemic, anti-oxidative, and anti-mutagenic properties owing to the existence of withanolides, an active compound present in it. Apart from withanolides, W. coagulans also contains many phytochemicals such as flavonoids, tannins, and β-sterols. Several studies indicate that various parts of W. coagulans and their active constituents have numerous pharmacological and therapeutic properties and thus can be considered as a new drug therapy against multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Issa Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.M.); (R.A.S.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (H.S.M.)
| | - Maria Maqsood
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.M.); (R.A.S.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (H.S.M.)
| | - Raakia Anam Saeed
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.M.); (R.A.S.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (H.S.M.)
| | - Amna Alam
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.M.); (R.A.S.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (H.S.M.)
| | - Amna Sahar
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.M.); (R.A.S.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (H.S.M.)
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Marek Kieliszek
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159 C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Antoni Miecznikowski
- Department of Fermentation Technology, Prof. Waclaw Dabrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology—State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Hafiz Shehzad Muzammil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.M.); (R.A.S.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (H.S.M.)
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.M.); (R.A.S.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (H.S.M.)
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Taddeo VA, Núñez MJ, Beltrán M, Castillo UG, Menjívar J, Jiménez IA, Alcamí J, Bedoya LM, Bazzocchi IL. Withanolide-Type Steroids from Physalis nicandroides Inhibit HIV Transcription. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:2717-2726. [PMID: 34549952 PMCID: PMC8946265 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to report the isolation, structural elucidation, and antiviral evaluation of four new withanolide-type steroids, named nicansteroidins A-D (1-4), together with nine related known compounds (5-13) isolated from the aerial parts of Physalis nicandroides. Their structures were established based on an extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Outstandingly, nicansteroidins A and B possess an unusual side chain with an exocyclic double bond on the δ-lactone system, whereas nicansteroidins C and D have an uncommon cycloperoxide functionality in ring A as distinct structural motifs. Their biological evaluation as inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication revealed that two compounds from this series, 7 and 13, displayed strong inhibition of HIV-1 replication with IC50 values lower than 2 μM. Moreover, cellular mechanism experiments showed that the main target of these compounds in the HIV replication cycle is viral transcription. This study is the first report of withanolide-type steroids as HIV inhibitors and provides insight into their potential as candidates for further preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito A. Taddeo
- Instituto
Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González and Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de La Laguna, Avenida
Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife Spain
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi
“G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marvin J. Núñez
- Laboratorio
de Investigación en Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química
y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, Final Avenida de Mártires
y Héroes del 30 de Julio, San Salvador 1101, El Salvador
| | - Manuela Beltrán
- Retrovirus
Laboratory, Department of AIDS Immunopathogenesis, National Centre
of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos
III, Ctra. Pozuelo Km. 2, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ulises G. Castillo
- Laboratorio
de Investigación en Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química
y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, Final Avenida de Mártires
y Héroes del 30 de Julio, San Salvador 1101, El Salvador
| | - Jenny Menjívar
- Museo
de Historia Natural de El Salvador, Ministerio
de Cultura, San Salvador 1101, El Salvador
| | - Ignacio A. Jiménez
- Instituto
Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González and Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de La Laguna, Avenida
Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife Spain
| | - José Alcamí
- Retrovirus
Laboratory, Department of AIDS Immunopathogenesis, National Centre
of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos
III, Ctra. Pozuelo Km. 2, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M. Bedoya
- Retrovirus
Laboratory, Department of AIDS Immunopathogenesis, National Centre
of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos
III, Ctra. Pozuelo Km. 2, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
- Pharmacology,
Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pz. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel L. Bazzocchi
- Instituto
Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González and Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de La Laguna, Avenida
Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife Spain
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41
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Pathak P, Shukla P, Kanshana JS, Jagavelu K, Sangwan NS, Dwivedi AK, Dikshit M. Standardized root extract of Withania somnifera and Withanolide A exert moderate vasorelaxant effect in the rat aortic rings by enhancing nitric oxide generation. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 278:114296. [PMID: 34090907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, commonly known as Ashwagandha, belongs to the family Solanaceae. In Ayurveda, Ashwagandha has been defined as one of the most important herb and is considered to be the best adaptogen. It is also an excellent rejuvenator, a general health tonic and cure for various disorders such as cerebrovascular, insomnia, asthma, ulcers, etc. Steroidal lactones (Withanolides: Withanolide A, Withaferin A, Withanolide D, Withanone, etc) isolated from this plant, possess promising medicinal properties such as anti-inflammatory, immune-stimulatory etc. Standardized root extract of the plant NMITLI-118R (NM) was prepared at CSIR-CIMAP, and was investigated for various biological activities at CSIR-CDRI. Among the notable medicinal properties, NM exhibited excellent neuroprotective activity in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model. AIM OF THE STUDY Endothelial dysfunction is the primary event in the cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disorders, present study was thus undertaken to evaluate vasoprotective potential of NM and its biomarker compound Withanolide A (WA) using rat aortic rings and EA.hy926 endothelial cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS Transverse aortic rings of 10 weeks old Wistar rats were used to evaluate effect of NM and WA on the vasoreactivity. While, mechanism of NM and WA mediated vasorelaxant was investigated in Ea.hy926 cell line by measuring NO generation, nitrite content, Serine 1177 phosphorylation of eNOS, reduced/oxidized biopterin levels and expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mRNA and protein. RESULTS Fingerprinting of NM using HPLC identified presence of WA in the extract. NM as well as WA exerted moderate vasorelaxant effect in the endothelium intact rat aortic rings which was lesser than acetylcholine (ACh). NM and WA augmented ACh induced relaxation in the rat aortic rings. NM and WA dependent vasorelaxation was blocked by N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or 1H-[1,2,4] oxadiazolo [4,3,-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), indicating role of NO/cGMP. Further Ea.hy926 cells treated with NM and WA showed accumulation of nitrite content, enhanced NO levels, eNOS expression and eNOS phosphorylation (Serine 1177). CONCLUSION Altogether NM and WA dependent improvement in the NO availability seems to be mediated by the enhanced eNOS phosphorylation. WA, seems to be one of the active constituent of NM, and presence of other vasoactive substances cannot be ruled out. The data obtained imply that the vasorelaxant property of NM is beneficial for its neuroprotective potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Pathak
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, 110001, India.
| | - Prachi Shukla
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Jitendra S Kanshana
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Kumaravelu Jagavelu
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Neelam S Sangwan
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India.
| | - Anil K Dwivedi
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Madhu Dikshit
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Tanslational Health Science and Technology, Faridabad, 121001, India.
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Wang J, Zhang H, Kaul A, Li K, Priyandoko D, Kaul SC, Wadhwa R. Effect of Ashwagandha Withanolides on Muscle Cell Differentiation. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101454. [PMID: 34680087 PMCID: PMC8533065 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) is used in Indian traditional medicine, Ayurveda, and is believed to have a variety of health-promoting effects. The molecular mechanisms and pathways underlying these effects have not yet been sufficiently explored. In this study, we investigated the effect of Ashwagandha extracts and their major withanolides (withaferin A and withanone) on muscle cell differentiation using C2C12 myoblasts. We found that withaferin A and withanone and Ashwagandha extracts possessing different ratios of these active ingredients have different effects on the differentiation of C2C12. Withanone and withanone-rich extracts caused stronger differentiation of myoblasts to myotubes, deaggregation of heat- and metal-stress-induced aggregated proteins, and activation of hypoxia and autophagy pathways. Of note, the Parkinson’s disease model of Drosophila that possess a neuromuscular disorder showed improvement in their flight and climbing activity, suggesting the potential of Ashwagandha withanolides for the management of muscle repair and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 3058565, Japan; (J.W.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (K.L.); (D.P.); (S.C.K.)
| | - Huayue Zhang
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 3058565, Japan; (J.W.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (K.L.); (D.P.); (S.C.K.)
| | - Ashish Kaul
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 3058565, Japan; (J.W.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (K.L.); (D.P.); (S.C.K.)
| | - Kejuan Li
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 3058565, Japan; (J.W.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (K.L.); (D.P.); (S.C.K.)
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Didik Priyandoko
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 3058565, Japan; (J.W.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (K.L.); (D.P.); (S.C.K.)
- Department of Biology, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bangdung 40154, Indonesia
| | - Sunil C. Kaul
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 3058565, Japan; (J.W.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (K.L.); (D.P.); (S.C.K.)
| | - Renu Wadhwa
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 3058565, Japan; (J.W.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (K.L.); (D.P.); (S.C.K.)
- Correspondence:
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Akter R, Najda A, Rahman MH, Shah M, Wesołowska S, Hassan SSU, Mubin S, Bibi P, Saeeda S. Potential Role of Natural Products to Combat Radiotherapy and Their Future Perspectives. Molecules 2021; 26:5997. [PMID: 34641542 PMCID: PMC8512367 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT) are the common cancer treatments. In addition to these limitations, the development of adverse effects from chemotherapy and RT reduces the quality of life for cancer patients. Cellular radiosensitivity, or the ability to resist and overcome cell damage caused by ionizing radiation (IR), is directly related to cancer cells' response to RT. Therefore, radiobiological research is emphasizing chemical compounds 'radiosensitization of cancer cells so that they are more reactive in the IR spectrum. Recent years researchers have seen an increase in interest in natural products that have antitumor effects with minimal side effects. Natural products, on the other hand, are easy to recover and therefore less expensive. There have been several scientific studies done based on these compounds that have tested their ability in vitro and in vivo to induce tumor radiosensitization. The role of natural products in RT, as well as their usefulness and potential applications, is the goal of this current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rokeya Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh;
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangwon-do, Wonju 26426, Korea
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Vegetable and Herbal Crops, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 50A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangwon-do, Wonju 26426, Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani Street, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh
| | - Muddaser Shah
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (P.B.); (S.S.)
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Sylwia Wesołowska
- Institute of Soil Science and Environment Shaping, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 7 Leszczyńskiego Street, 20-069 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Syed Shams ul Hassan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Sidra Mubin
- Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra 21310, Pakistan;
| | - Parveen Bibi
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (P.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Saeeda Saeeda
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (P.B.); (S.S.)
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Freitas Misakyan MF, Wijeratne EMK, Issa ME, Xu YM, Monteillier A, Gunatilaka AAL, Cuendet M. Structure-Activity Relationships of Withanolides as Antiproliferative Agents for Multiple Myeloma: Comparison of Activity in 2D Models and a 3D Coculture Model. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:2321-2335. [PMID: 34445874 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological cancer in which relapse and resistance are highly frequent. Therefore, alternatives to conventional treatments are necessary. Withaferin A, a withanolide isolated from Withania somnifera, has previously shown promising activity against various MM models. In the present study, structure-activity relationships (SARs) were evaluated using 56 withanolides. The antiproliferative activity was assessed in three MM cell lines and in a 3D MM coculture model to understand the in vitro activity of compounds in models of various complexity. While the results obtained in 2D allowed a quick and simple evaluation of cytotoxicity used for a first selection, the use of the 3D MM coculture model allowed filtering compounds that perform better in a more complex setup. This study shows the importance of the last model as a bridge between 2D and in vivo studies to select the most active compounds and ultimately lead to a reduction of animal use for more sustained in vivo studies. NF-κB inhibition was determined to evaluate if this could be one of the targeted pathways. The most active compounds, withanolide D (2) and 38, should be further evaluated in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela F Freitas Misakyan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E M Kithsiri Wijeratne
- Southwest Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Mark E Issa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ya-Ming Xu
- Southwest Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Aymeric Monteillier
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A A Leslie Gunatilaka
- Southwest Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Muriel Cuendet
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Ko YC, Choi HS, Liu R, Lee DS. Physalin A, 13,14-Seco-16, 24-Cyclo-Steroid, Inhibits Stemness of Breast Cancer Cells by Regulation of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway and Yes-Associated Protein 1 (YAP1). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168718. [PMID: 34445421 PMCID: PMC8395918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway plays an important role in embryonic development and adult organ homeostasis. Aberrant activity of the Hedgehog signaling pathway induces many developmental disorders and cancers. Recent studies have investigated the relationship of this pathway with various cancers. GPCR-like protein Smoothened (SMO) and the glioma-associated oncogene (GLI1) are the main effectors of Hedgehog signaling. Physalin A, a bioactive substance derived from Physalis alkekengi, inhibits proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells and mammospheres formation. Physalin A-induced apoptosis and growth inhibition of mammospheres, and reduced transcripts of cancer stem cell (CSC) marker genes. Physalin A reduced protein expressions of SMO and GLI1/2. Down-regulation of SMO and GLI1 using siRNA inhibited mammosphere formation. Physalin A reduced mammosphere formation by reducing GLI1 gene expression. Down-regulation of GLI1 reduced CSC marker genes. Physalin A reduced protein level of YAP1. Down-regulation of YAP1 using siRNA inhibited mammosphere formation. Physalin A reduced mammosphere formation through reduction of YAP1 gene expression. Down-regulation of YAP1 reduced CSC marker genes. We showed that treatment of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells with GLI1 siRNA induced inhibition of mammosphere formation and down-regulation of YAP1, a Hippo pathway effector. These results show that Hippo signaling is regulated by the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Physalin A also inhibits the canonical Hedgehog and Hippo signaling pathways, CSC-specific genes, and the formation of mammospheres. These findings suggest that physalin A is a potential therapeutic agent for targeting CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chan Ko
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (Y.-C.K.); (R.L.)
| | - Hack Sun Choi
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
- Bio-Health Materials Core-Facility Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Ren Liu
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (Y.-C.K.); (R.L.)
| | - Dong-Sun Lee
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (Y.-C.K.); (R.L.)
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
- Bio-Health Materials Core-Facility Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Practical Translational Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Wang L, Lu S, Wang L, Xin M, Xu Y, Wang G, Chen D, Chen L, Liu S, Zhao F. Anti-inflammatory effects of three withanolides isolated from Physalis angulata L. in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells through blocking NF-κB signaling pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 276:114186. [PMID: 33957208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Physalis angulata L. is commonly used in many countries as popular medicine for the treatment of a variety of diseases such as malaria, hepatitis, dermatitis and rheumatism. But the anti-inflammatory active constituents of this medicinal plant and their molecular mechanism are still not elucidated clearly. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the study is to isolate and identify a series of compounds from the ethanolic extract of Physalis angulata L., and to investigate the anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and the molecular mechanism of physagulin A, physagulin C, and physagulin H. MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to further understand the anti-inflammatory mechanism of the three compounds, their potential anti-inflammatory activities were investigated in vitro in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells by Griess assay, ELISA, Western blot and immunofluorescence methods in the present study. RESULTS Physagulin A, physagulin C, and physagulin H could not only inhibit the release of NO, PGE2, IL-6 and TNF-α, but also could down-regulate the expression of iNOS and COX-2 proteins. Furthermore, physagulin A, physagulin C, and physagulin H could remarkably block the degradation of IκB-α and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB/p65 in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. However, none of them could inhibit the phosphorylation of MAPKs family proteins ERK, JNK and p38. Thus, the anti-inflammatory actions of physagulin A, physagulin C, and physagulin H were mainly due to the significant inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway rather than MAPKs signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS All the results clearly showed that physagulin A, physagulin C, and physagulin H demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory activity and can be used as novel NF-κB inhibitors. They are potential to be developed as an alternative or complementary agents for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqiong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Shiqing Lu
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Department, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, 264000, PR China
| | - Liying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Min Xin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Yaoyao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Ge Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Daquan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Lixia Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China.
| | - Feng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China.
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Tuan Anh HL, Le Ba V, Do TT, Phan VK, Pham Thi HY, Bach LG, Tran MH, Tran Thi PA, Kim YH. Bioactive compounds from Physalis angulata and their anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2021; 23:809-817. [PMID: 33030034 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2020.1825390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A new compound, physalucoside A (1), together with seven withanolides (2-8) and three flavonoids (9-11), were isolated from Physalis angulata L. (Solanaceae), a medicinal plant native to Vietnam. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated by one- and two-dimensional NMR spectra, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analyses, and chemical reactivity. The anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of isolated compounds were also evaluated. These data suggest that the anti-inflammatory activity of P. angulata is due primarily to its withanolide content. This study demonstrates the potential of withanolides as promising candidates for the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Le Tuan Anh
- Mientrung Institute for Scientific Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 321 Huynh Thuc Khang, Hue City, Thua Thien Hue 531600, Vietnam
- Graduated University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi 10307, Vietnam
| | - Vinh Le Ba
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Ha Noi 10307, Vietnam
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Thi Thao Do
- Graduated University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi 10307, Vietnam
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Ha Noi 10307, Vietnam
| | - Van Kiem Phan
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Ha Noi 10307, Vietnam
| | - Hai Yen Pham Thi
- Graduated University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi 10307, Vietnam
| | - Long Giang Bach
- Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, Ho Chi Minh City 748000, Vietnam
| | - Manh Hung Tran
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University Hochiminh city, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ho Chi Minh City 748000, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Anh Tran Thi
- Graduated University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi 10307, Vietnam
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Zhao M, Wang B, Zhang C, Su Z, Guo B, Zhao Y, Zheng R. The DJ1-Nrf2-STING axis mediates the neuroprotective effects of Withaferin A in Parkinson's disease. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:2517-2535. [PMID: 33762743 PMCID: PMC8329302 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00767-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains unclear, and there is no disease-modifying agent for PD. Withaferin A (WA), a naturally occurring compound, has emerged as a neuroprotective agent. However, the mechanisms by which WA is neuroprotective in PD are unknown. Here we show that WA protected against loss of dopaminergic neurons, neuroinflammation, and motor deficits in MPTP-induced PD mouse models. Whole-genome deep sequencing analysis combined with Meta-analysis of human PD studies reveal that DJ1, Nrf2, and STING in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) are linked to anti-PD effect of WA. We found that WA activated DJ1 and Nrf2, and suppressed STING within SNc; and overexpression of STING in SNc dampened the effect of WA. Using genetically modified mice (DJ1-KO, Nrf2-KO, STINGgt/gt and STING-KO) and immunolabeling technique, we identified that WA targeted DJ1-Nrf2-STING pathway in dopaminergic neurons; and we demonstrate that STING might be an important factor in PD pathogenesis. In addition, WA alleviated accumulation of phosphorylated α-synuclein (p-α-syn) and insoluble α-syn within SNc in adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated human α-syn overexpression PD model. Our comparative analysis on whole-genome transcriptome profiles suggests that STING might be a key target of WA and amantadine in PD treatment. This study highlights a multifaceted role for WA in neuroprotection, and suggests that WA can be a potential candidate for treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingwei Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijie Su
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingbing Guo
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruimao Zheng
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Tomita T, Wadhwa R, Kaul SC, Kurita R, Kojima N, Onishi Y. Withanolide Derivative 2,3-Dihydro-3β-methoxy Withaferin-A Modulates the Circadian Clock via Interaction with RAR-Related Orphan Receptor α (RORa). J Nat Prod 2021; 84:1882-1888. [PMID: 34152143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Withanolide derivatives have anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and other functions and are components of Indian traditional Ayurvedic medicine. Here, we found that 2,3-dihydro-3β-methoxy withaferin-A (3βmWi-A), a derivative of withaferin-A (Wi-A) belonging to a class of withanolides that are abundant in Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), lengthened the period of the circadian clock. This compound dose-dependently elongated circadian rhythms in Sarcoma 180 cancer cells and in normal fibroblasts including NIH3T3 and spontaneously immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF). Furthermore, 3βmWi-A dose-dependently upregulated the mRNA expression and promoter activities of Bmal1 after dexamethasone stimulation and of the nuclear orphan receptors, Rora and Nr1d1, that comprise the stabilization loop for Bmal1 oscillatory expression. We showed that 3βmWi-A functions as an inverse agonist for RORa with an IC50 of 11.3 μM and that 3βmWi-A directly, but weakly, interacts with RORa (estimated dissociation constant [Kd], 5.9 μM). We propose that 3βmWi-A is a novel modulator of circadian rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsunosuke Tomita
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - Renu Wadhwa
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - Sunil C Kaul
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - Ryoji Kurita
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan
| | - Naoshi Kojima
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Onishi
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan
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Bonandi E, Mori M, Infante P, Basili I, Di Marcotullio L, Calcaterra A, Catti F, Botta B, Passarella D. Design and Synthesis of New Withaferin A Inspired Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitors. Chemistry 2021; 27:8350-8357. [PMID: 33811701 PMCID: PMC8251939 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Withanolides constitute a well-known family of plant-based alkaloids characterised by widespread biological properties, including the ability of interfering with Hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway. Following our interest in natural products and in anticancer compounds, we report here the synthesis of a new class of Hh signalling pathway inhibitors, inspired by withaferin A, the first isolated member of withanolides. The decoration of our scaffolds was rationally supported by in silico studies, while functional evaluation revealed promising candidates, confirming once again the importance of natural products as inspiration source for the discovery of novel bioactive compounds. A stereoselective approach, based on Brown chemistry, allowed the obtainment and the functional evaluation of the enantiopure hit compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bonandi
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di MilanoVia Golgi 1920133MilanItaly
| | - Mattia Mori
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy Università degli Studi di SienaVia Aldo Moro 253100SienaItaly
| | - Paola Infante
- Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaViale Regina Elena 29100161RomeItaly
| | - Irene Basili
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity La Sapienza, RomaViale Regina Elena 29100161RomaItaly
| | - Lucia Di Marcotullio
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity La Sapienza, RomaViale Regina Elena 29100161RomaItaly
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci BolognettiDepartment of Molecular MedicineUniversity La SapienzaViale Regina Elena 29100161RomaItaly
| | - Andrea Calcaterra
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of DrugsUniversity La Sapienza, RomaPiazzale Aldo Moro 500185RomeItaly
| | - Federica Catti
- Arkansas State UniversityCampus Querétaro Carretera Estatal 100, km 17.5. C.P.76270 Municipio de ColónQuerétaroMéxico
| | - Bruno Botta
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of DrugsUniversity La Sapienza, RomaPiazzale Aldo Moro 500185RomeItaly
| | - Daniele Passarella
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di MilanoVia Golgi 1920133MilanItaly
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