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Gharbi M, Flegg JA, Hubert V, Kendjo E, Metcalf JE, Bertaux L, Guérin PJ, Le Bras J, Aboubaca A, Agnamey P, Angoulvant A, Barbut P, Basset D, Belkadi G, Bellanger AP, Bemba D, Benoit-Vica F, Berry A, Bigel ML, Bonhomme J, Botterel F, Bouchaud O, Bougnoux ME, Bourée P, Bourgeois N, Branger C, Bret L, Buret B, Casalino E, Chevrier S, Conquere de Monbrison F, Cuisenier B, Danis M, Darde ML, De Gentile L, Delarbre JM, Delaunay P, Delaval A, Desoubeaux G, Develoux M, Dunand J, Durand R, Eloy O, Fauchet N, Faugere B, Faye A, Fenneteau O, Flori P, Fontrouge M, Garabedian C, Gayandrieu F, Godineau N, Houzé P, Houzé S, Hurst JP, Ichou H, Lachaud L, Lebuisson A, Lefevre M, LeGuern AS, Le Moal G, Lusina D, Machouart MC, Malvy D, Matheron S, Maubon D, Mechali D, Megarbane B, Menard G, Millon L, Aiach MM, Minodier P, Morelle C, Nevez G, Parola P, Parzy D, Patey O, Patoz P, Penn P, Perignon A, Picot S, Pilo JE, Poilane I, Pons D, Poupart M, Pradines B, Raffenot D, Rapp C, Receveur MC, Sarfati C, Senghor Y, Simon F, Siriez JY, Taudon N, Thellier M, Thouvenin M, Toubas D. Longitudinal study assessing the return of chloroquine susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum in isolates from travellers returning from West and Central Africa, 2000-2011. Malar J 2013; 12:35. [PMID: 23351608 PMCID: PMC3583707 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-12-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chloroquine (CQ) was the main malaria therapy worldwide from the 1940s until the 1990s. Following the emergence of CQ-resistant Plasmodium falciparum, most African countries discontinued the use of CQ, and now promote artemisinin-based combination therapy as the first-line treatment. This change was generally initiated during the last decade in West and Central Africa. The aim of this study is to describe the changes in CQ susceptibility in this African region, using travellers returning from this region as a sentinel system. Methods The study was conducted by the Malaria National Reference Centre, France. The database collated the pfcrtK76T molecular marker for CQ susceptibility and the in vitro response to CQ of parasites from travellers’ isolates returning from Senegal, Mali, Ivory Coast or Cameroon. As a proxy of drug pressure, data regarding CQ intake in febrile children were collated for the study period. Logistic regression models were used to detect trends in the proportions of CQ resistant isolates. Results A total of 2874 parasite isolates were genotyped between 2000–2011. The prevalence of the pfcrt76T mutant genotype significantly decreased for Senegal (from 78% to 47%), Ivory Coast (from 63% to 37%), Cameroon (from 90% to 59%) and remained stable for Mali. The geometric mean of the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of CQ in vitro susceptibility and the proportion of resistant isolates (defining resistance as an IC50 value > 100 nM) significantly decreased for Senegal (from 86 nM (59%) to 39 nM (25%)), Mali (from 84 nM (50%) to 51 nM (31%)), Ivory Coast (from 75 nM (59%) to 29 nM (16%)) and Cameroon (from 181 nM (75%) to 51 nM (37%)). Both analyses (molecular and in vitro susceptibility) were performed for the 2004–2011 period, after the four countries had officially discontinued CQ and showed an accelerated decline of the resistant isolates for the four countries. Meanwhile, CQ use among children significantly deceased in this region (fixed effects slope = −0.3, p < 10-3). Conclusions An increase in CQ susceptibility following official withdrawal of the drug was observed in travellers returning from West and Central African countries. The same trends were observed for molecular and in vitro analysis between 2004-2011and they correlated to the decrease of the drug pressure.
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Touchon M, Charpentier S, Pognard D, Picard B, Arlet G, Rocha EPC, Denamur E, Branger C. Antibiotic resistance plasmids spread among natural isolates of Escherichia coli in spite of CRISPR elements. Microbiology (Reading) 2012; 158:2997-3004. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.060814-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Nicolescu TV, Meouche W, Branger C, Margaillan A, Sarbu A, Donescu D. Tailor-made polymer beads for gallic acid recognition and separation. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-012-0002-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Nicolescu TV, Meouche W, Branger C, Margaillan A, Sarbu A, Fruth V, Donescu D. A new microemulsion approach for producing molecularly imprinted polymers with selective recognition cavities for gallic acid. POLYM INT 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Laatikainen K, Laatikainen M, Branger C, Paatero E, Sirén H. Role of Ligand Acidity in Chelating Adsorption and Desorption of Metal Salts. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie301115u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Meouche W, Branger C, Beurroies I, Denoyel R, Margaillan A. Inverse Suspension Polymerization as a New Tool for the Synthesis of Ion-Imprinted Polymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2012; 33:928-32. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201200039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Bernard J, Branger C, Beurroies I, Denoyel R, Margaillan A. Catechol immobilized on crosslinked polystyrene resins by grafting or copolymerization: Incidence on metal ions adsorption. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Courpon-Claudinon A, Lefort A, Panhard X, Clermont O, Dornic Q, Fantin B, Mentré F, Wolff M, Denamur E, Branger C. Bacteraemia caused by third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli in France: prevalence, molecular epidemiology and clinical features. Clin Microbiol Infect 2011; 17:557-65. [PMID: 20649802 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03298.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli is one of the major pathogens responsible for bactaeremia. Empirical antibiotherapy of these infections usually relies on third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs). Thus, the occurrence and epidemiology of 3GC-resistant strains have to be monitored. The French prospective multicentre study COLIBAFI collected 1081 strains of E. coli responsible for bacteraemia in 2005. In the present work, the prevalence of resistance to 3GCs was evaluated, and the implicated molecular mechanisms were characterized by specific PCR and sequencing. Phylogenetic grouping, O-typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and virulence factor analysis were used to investigate the genetic background of the 3GC-resistant (3GC-R) strains. Clinical features of the patients with documented data (n = 1051) were analysed. Decreased susceptibility to 3GCs was observed in 41 strains (3.8%): 19, 18 and four had extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), AmpC cephalosporinase and OXA-type penicillinase phenotypes, respectively. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that the 3GC-R strains constitute a diverse population. All but one of the strains with an ESBL phenotype produced a CTX-M-type enzyme, and six of them belonged to the widespread intercontinental clone O25b:H4-ST131. AmpC phenotype strains harboured various chromosomal ampC promoter and coding region mutations and/or the bla(CMY-2) plasmidic gene. 3GC-R strains carried fewer virulence factors and were more co-resistant to other antibiotics than 3GC-susceptible (3GC-S) strains. Infections with 3GC-R strains were mostly community-acquired and, as compared with those caused by their 3GC-S counterparts, were more severe. Underlying chronic disease and prior use of antibiotics were independent risk factors for development of a 3GC-R strain bacteraemia. The fact that the molecular support of 3GC resistance is mainly plasmid-mediated represents a potentially epidemic threat.
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Touchon M, Charpentier S, Clermont O, Rocha EPC, Denamur E, Branger C. CRISPR distribution within the Escherichia coli species is not suggestive of immunity-associated diversifying selection. J Bacteriol 2011; 193:2460-7. [PMID: 21421763 PMCID: PMC3133152 DOI: 10.1128/jb.01307-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to get further insights into the role of the clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) in Escherichia coli, we analyzed the CRISPR diversity in a collection of 290 strains, in the phylogenetic framework of the strains represented by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The set included 263 natural E. coli isolates exposed to various environments and isolated over a 20-year period from humans and animals, as well as 27 fully sequenced strains. Our analyses confirm that there are two largely independent pairs of CRISPR loci (CRISPR1 and -2 and CRISPR3 and -4), each associated with a different type of cas genes (Ecoli and Ypest, respectively), but that each pair of CRISPRs has similar dynamics. Strikingly, the major phylogenetic group B2 is almost devoid of CRISPRs. The majority of genomes analyzed lack Ypest cas genes and contain CRISPR3 with spacers matching Ypest cas genes. The analysis of relatedness between strains in terms of spacer repertoire and the MLST tree shows a pattern where closely related strains (MLST phylogenetic distance of <0.005 corresponding to at least hundreds of thousands of years) often exhibit identical CRISPRs while more distantly related strains (MLST distance of >0.01) exhibit completely different CRISPRs. This suggests rare but radical turnover of spacers in CRISPRs rather than CRISPR gradual change. We found no link between the presence, size, or content of CRISPRs and the lifestyle of the strains. Our data suggest that, within the E. coli species, CRISPRs do not have the expected characteristics of a classical immune system.
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Levert M, Zamfir O, Clermont O, Bouvet O, Lespinats S, Hipeaux MC, Branger C, Picard B, Saint-Ruf C, Norel F, Balliau T, Zivy M, Le Nagard H, Cruvellier S, Chane-Woon-Ming B, Nilsson S, Gudelj I, Phan K, Ferenci T, Tenaillon O, Denamur E. Molecular and evolutionary bases of within-patient genotypic and phenotypic diversity in Escherichia coli extraintestinal infections. PLoS Pathog 2010; 6:e1001125. [PMID: 20941353 PMCID: PMC2947995 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Accepted: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although polymicrobial infections, caused by combinations of viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites, are being recognised with increasing frequency, little is known about the occurrence of within-species diversity in bacterial infections and the molecular and evolutionary bases of this diversity. We used multiple approaches to study the genomic and phenotypic diversity among 226 Escherichia coli isolates from deep and closed visceral infections occurring in 19 patients. We observed genomic variability among isolates from the same site within 11 patients. This diversity was of two types, as patients were infected either by several distinct E. coli clones (4 patients) or by members of a single clone that exhibit micro-heterogeneity (11 patients); both types of diversity were present in 4 patients. A surprisingly wide continuum of antibiotic resistance, outer membrane permeability, growth rate, stress resistance, red dry and rough morphotype characteristics and virulence properties were present within the isolates of single clones in 8 of the 11 patients showing genomic micro-heterogeneity. Many of the observed phenotypic differences within clones affected the trade-off between self-preservation and nutritional competence (SPANC). We showed in 3 patients that this phenotypic variability was associated with distinct levels of RpoS in co-existing isolates. Genome mutational analysis and global proteomic comparisons in isolates from a patient revealed a star-like relationship of changes amongst clonally diverging isolates. A mathematical model demonstrated that multiple genotypes with distinct RpoS levels can co-exist as a result of the SPANC trade-off. In the cases involving infection by a single clone, we present several lines of evidence to suggest diversification during the infectious process rather than an infection by multiple isolates exhibiting a micro-heterogeneity. Our results suggest that bacteria are subject to trade-offs during an infectious process and that the observed diversity resembled results obtained in experimental evolution studies. Whatever the mechanisms leading to diversity, our results have strong medical implications in terms of the need for more extensive isolate testing before deciding on antibiotic therapies. We investigated whether an infection is a site of pathogen within-species diversity. Our results indicate that there is indeed extensive diversity during human extraintestinal infections by Escherichia coli. This diversity was of two types, not mutually exclusive, as we found that patients were infected either by several distinct E. coli clones or by members of a single clone that exhibit micro-heterogeneity. The high degree of phenotypic diversity, including antibiotic resistance, suggests that there is no uniform selection pressure leading to a single fitter clone during an infection. We discuss a possible mechanism and a mathematical model that explains these unexpected results. Our data suggest that the evolution of diversity in the course of an infection and in in vitro experimental evolution in the absence of host immune selective pressure may have many parallels. Whatever the mechanisms leading to diversity, our results have strong medical implications in terms of the need for more extensive isolate testing before deciding on antibiotic therapies.
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Aviat F, Rochereau-Roulet S, Branger C, Estavoyer J, Chatrenet B, Orsonneau J, Thorin C, Andre-Fontaine G. Synthetic peptide issued from Hap1/LipL32 for new early serodiagnosis of human leptospirosis. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2010; 33:375-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2009.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Mnif B, Vimont S, Boyd A, Bourit E, Picard B, Branger C, Denamur E, Arlet G. Molecular characterization of addiction systems of plasmids encoding extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010; 65:1599-603. [PMID: 20507859 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkq181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Escherichia coli producing CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are spreading worldwide. The aim of this work was to investigate the addiction systems carried by the replicons involved in the emergence and spread of ESBLs in relation to ESBL and replicon types. METHODS A collection of 125 TEM, SHV and CTX-M ESBL-producing E. coli isolates and their 125 transconjugants or transformants was analysed. Five plasmid protein antitoxin-regulated systems and three plasmid antisense RNA-regulated systems were sought by PCR. RESULTS Two hundred and ninety-eight plasmid addiction systems were detected in the parental strains (mean 2.38, range 0-6 per strain) and 86 were detected in the recipient strains (mean 0.69, range 0-5 per strain). PemKI, CcdAB, Hok-Sok and VagCD were the most frequently represented systems in both recipient and parental strains. The parental SHV and CTX-M ESBL-producing strains had more addiction systems than the TEM ESBL producers. In the recipient strains, the frequency of addiction systems was significantly higher in IncF plasmids. Among the IncF replicons carrying CTX-M-type enzymes, the frequency of addiction systems was significantly higher in IncF plasmids carrying CTX-M-15 (mean 3.5) or CTX-M-9 (mean 4) than in those carrying CTX-M-14 (mean 0.6). CONCLUSIONS In E. coli producing CTX-M-15 or CTX-M-9 ESBLs, plasmids bearing the bla(CTX-M) gene have multiple addiction systems that could contribute to their maintenance in host strains.
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Mihaila L, Wyplosz B, Clermont O, Garry L, Hipeaux MC, Vittecoq D, Dussaix E, Denamur E, Branger C. Probable intrafamily transmission of a highly virulent CTX-M-3-producing Escherichia coli belonging to the emerging phylogenetic subgroup D2 O102-ST405 clone. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010; 65:1537-9. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkq155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Bernard J, Branger C, Beurroies I, Denoyel R, Blanc S, Margaillan A. Synthesis of a poly(vinylcatechol-co-divinylbenzene) resin and accessibility to catechol units. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Depecker G, Branger C, Margaillan A, Pigot T, Blanc S, Robert-Peillard F, Coulomb B, Boudenne JL. Synthesis and applications of XAD-4-DAN chelate resin for the separation and determination of Se(IV). REACT FUNCT POLYM 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2009.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Aviat F, Blanchard B, Michel V, Blanchet B, Branger C, Hars J, Mansotte F, Brasme L, De Champs C, Bolut P, Mondot P, Faliu J, Rochereau S, Kodjo A, Andre-Fontaine G. Leptospira exposure in the human environment in France: A survey in feral rodents and in fresh water. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2009; 32:463-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2008.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lefort A, Panhard X, Clermont O, Woerther P, Branger C, Mentré F, Fantin B, Wolff M, Denamur E. Facteurs prédictifs de gravité des bactériémies à Escherichia coli (BEc) : étude COLIBAFI. Rev Med Interne 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2009.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hassouni N, Ichou H, Zeng F, Mortier E, Branger C, Morand-Joubert L. H-01 Prévalence des mutations et de la résistance du VIH-1 en fonction du sous-type dans deux groupes de patients, non traités et traités par antirétroviraux. Med Mal Infect 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(09)74374-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Clermont O, Dhanji H, Upton M, Gibreel T, Fox A, Boyd D, Mulvey MR, Nordmann P, Ruppé E, Sarthou JL, Frank T, Vimont S, Arlet G, Branger C, Woodford N, Denamur E. Rapid detection of the O25b-ST131 clone of Escherichia coli encompassing the CTX-M-15-producing strains. J Antimicrob Chemother 2009; 64:274-7. [PMID: 19474064 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkp194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recently, a CTX-M-15 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli O25b-ST131 clone, belonging to the B2 phylogenetic group and with a high virulence potential, has been reported all over the world, representing a major public health problem. The present study was carried out to develop a rapid and simple detection assay that identifies members of this clone. METHODS A total of 627 E. coli isolates of which 373 produced an ESBL, collected across four continents, were screened using a O25b-ST131 clone allele-specific PCR for the pabB gene. RESULTS One hundred and forty-three ESBL isolates were found positive with the assay. These isolates were all of O25b type and, when studied by multilocus sequence typing (25 cases), were all of ST131. The O25b-ST131 clone was found to produce ESBLs other than CTX-M-15, specifically CTX-M-2, -3, -14, -27, -32 and -61 as well as TEM-24. This clone represents 3% of non-ESBL B2 isolates originating from urinary tract infections in Paris. CONCLUSIONS We have developed a PCR-based assay that easily identifies a clone with high likelihood of producing ESBLs, including CTX-M-15.
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Deschamps C, Clermont O, Hipeaux MC, Arlet G, Denamur E, Branger C. Multiple acquisitions of CTX-M plasmids in the rare D2 genotype of Escherichia coli provide evidence for convergent evolution. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2009; 155:1656-1668. [PMID: 19359321 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.023234-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, CTX-M enzymes have become the most prevalent extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) worldwide, mostly in Escherichia coli, causing a major health problem. An epidemiological relationship has been established between a rare genotype of E. coli, the D(2) genotype, and the presence of CTX-M genes. We investigated this striking association by exploring the genetic backgrounds of 18 D(2) genotype CTX-M-producing strains and of the plasmids encoding CTX-M enzymes. The 18 strains had different genetic backgrounds, as assessed by multilocus sequence and O typing, and were associated with various plasmids bearing diverse CTX-M genes. The region encompassing the genetic marker of the D(2) genotype (TSPE4.C2) was not correlated with the presence of CTX-M genes. CTX-M-producing D(2) strains had far fewer virulence factors than a control group of 8 non-ESBL-producing D(2) strains, and an inverse relationship was found between the number of co-resistances associated with the CTX-M gene and the number of virulence factors found in the strain. These findings provide evidence for multiple acquisitions of plasmids carrying CTX-M genes in different D(2) genotype strains. They strongly suggest that convergent evolution has occurred, and indicate that there has been selection for the association of a specific genetic background of the strain and the CTX-M gene. This fine-tuning of the relationship between the D(2) genotype and CTX-M genes presumably increases the fitness of the strain, indicating a role for the host cell in the acquisition and dissemination of CTX-M genes.
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Marcadé G, Deschamps C, Boyd A, Gautier V, Picard B, Branger C, Denamur E, Arlet G. Replicon typing of plasmids in Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008; 63:67-71. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkn428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Bernard J, Branger C, Nguyen TLA, Denoyel R, Margaillan A. Synthesis and characterization of a polystyrenic resin functionalized by catechol: Application to retention of metal ions. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2008.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Eveillard M, Charru P, Rufat P, Hippeaux MC, Lancien E, Benselama F, Branger C. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage in a long-term care facility: hypothesis about selection and transmission. Age Ageing 2008; 37:294-9. [PMID: 18270245 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afn021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND many studies have identified long-term care facilities (LTCFs) as reservoirs of patients carrying methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, few data about the mechanisms of MRSA diffusion in these settings are available. OBJECTIVES the purpose of our study was to suggest hypothesis on the possible ways of MRSA transmission to residents in or outside a LTCF. METHODS data concerning patients on the day of the survey and within the preceding year were collected. Multivariate analysis was performed by logistic regression to identify characteristics associated with MRSA carriage. MRSA strains were analysed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and the relatedness between DNA patterns was studied with Gel Compar software. RESULTS the prevalence of MRSA carriage was 37.6%. Treatment with fluoroquinolones or third-generation cephalosporins [odds ratio (OR) = 12.07; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 5.90-24.7], treatment with other antimicrobial agents (OR = 4.40; 95% CI = 2.43-7.97), at least one medical imaging session (OR = 5.08; 95% CI = 2.66-9.69) within the 12 preceding months, and the presence of a subcutaneous catheter on the day of the survey (OR = 3.09; 95% CI = 1.87-5.10) were independently associated with MRSA carriage. Twenty-eight of the 38 strains tested were clustered in two major groups. In each of these groups, strains had at least a 90% relatedness. These strains were isolated in patients hospitalised in different areas of the LTCF. CONCLUSION we identified that both molecular and epidemiological arguments support the hypothesis of the possibility of MRSA cross-transmission inside the LTCF. Further studies are needed to confirm and explain the association identified between MRSA carriage and medical imaging.
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Clermont O, Lavollay M, Vimont S, Deschamps C, Forestier C, Branger C, Denamur E, Arlet G. The CTX-M-15-producing Escherichia coli diffusing clone belongs to a highly virulent B2 phylogenetic subgroup. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008; 61:1024-8. [PMID: 18334490 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkn084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A clone of CTX-M-15-producing Escherichia coli has recently been reported to be spreading through Europe and Africa. The aim of this work was to thoroughly characterize this clone. MATERIALS AND METHODS Representative isolates of this clone were subjected to multilocus sequence typing, O typing, virulence gene detection, adhesion assay on human cells, biofilm production assay and mouse lethality assay. RESULTS The clone: (i) belongs to a unique B2 phylogenetic subgroup encompassing the pyelonephritogenic diffusely adhering EC7372 strain; (ii) exhibits a specific O25b molecular subtype; (iii) is identical to the E. coli clone O25:H4-ST131 producing CTX-M-15; (iv) produces biofilm; and (v) is highly virulent in mice despite lacking classical extraintestinal pathogenicity islands (except for high pathogenicity island) and the afa/dra gene. CONCLUSIONS The CTX-M-15-producing E. coli diffusing clone is associated with a high level of antibiotic resistance and with high virulence, showing that, under certain selective pressures, the previously observed trade-off between resistance and virulence may not apply.
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Boussetta S, Branger C, Margaillan A, Boudenne JL, Coulomb B. Salicylic acid and derivatives anchored on poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) resin and membrane via a diazo bridge: Synthesis, characterisation and application to metal extraction. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2007.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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