Abstract OT3-2-02: PreOperative window of endocrine therapy provides information to increase compliance: POWER PIINC: A feasibility study

Background: The addition of systemic therapy to the surgical treatment of breast cancer has improved survival of patients. A mainstay of systemic therapy in the setting of hormone receptor positive breast cancer is endocrine therapy. Despite the known advantages, the compliance with short and long term systemic endocrine therapy is less than ideal. Several studies report significant rates of non-compliance with endocrine therapy, either in patients never starting the medication or not completing the recommended multi-year course. It is estimated that as many as 10% of patients per year discontinue their therapy. We wondered why women would forgo such an important part of their treatment and how we might intervene to improve compliance. Using information gleaned from POWER PIINC, we hope to design a behavioral intervention study to see if the patient knowing her tumor's preoperative response to endocrine therapy will improve long term compliance. In order to do such a study we would need to define the minimal length of preoperative endocrine therapy needed to detect measurable changes in the tumor.

After 14 days of endocrine therapy, significant decreases in Ki67 can be seen in most hormone sensitive breast cancers. In fact two current studies are using this information (POETIC and ADAPT trials). Both of these trials are being conducted outside of the U.S. where operative therapy does not typically occur within a week or two of seeing the surgeon. POWER PIINC is a feasibility study to determine if we can detect changes in Ki67 with only 7 days of therapy. The results of POWER PIINC will inform the behavioral intervention trial.

Trial Design: This is a prospective, single-arm feasibility study. Participants take tamoxifen for 7 days prior to surgery. Ki67 is measured pre (core biopsy) and post (surgical specimen) tamoxifen.

Eligibility critieria: Non-pregnant women age 18 or older with a hormone positive (>1% ER or PR) clinical Stage 1 or 2 breast cancer who are candidates for surgical therapy of their breast cancer. No concurrent CYP2D6 inhibitors or other contraindications to tamoxifen.

Specific Aims:

Primary Objective:

Demonstrate a significant reduction in Ki67 expression in tumors with 7 days of pre-surgical tamoxifen.

Secondary Objectives:

- Evaluate symptom patterns from baseline through 18 months of follow-up (presence, severity, and bother)

-Evaluate 18-month endocrine therapy adherence

-Evaluate change in attitude regarding endocrine therapy

-Evaluate correlation between changes in Ki67 expression and symptom scores

-Evaluate additional changes in proliferative markers (subset of PAM 50)

Statistical Methods: A one-sample t-test will be applied to the log-ratio of Ki67 at resection to pre therapy. If this ratio is not normally distributed we will use a non-parametric Wilcoxon test. Secondary objectives will be analyzed using a variety of appropriate statistical tests.

Accrual: Target accrual is 52 patients over 18 months. We opened this study in August of 2012. To date (9 months) we have accrued 23 patients.

Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr OT3-2-02.

WE-E-211-01: Medical Physics in Federal and State Governments

In 2010, FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) launched an "Initiative to Reduce Unnecessary Radiation Exposure from Medical Imaging" and held a public meeting on "Device Improvements to Reduce Unnecessary Radiation Exposure from Medical Imaging" March 30- 31, 2010). In follow-up, FDA is pursuing efforts using its regulatory authority as it applies to imaging equipment and manufacturers and also partnering with professional organizations such as AAPM, industry and other governmental agencies to incorporate radiation protection principles into facility quality assurance, personnel credentialing, and training requirements.The current U.S. Federal guidance on medical x-rays was published in 1976 and addresses film imaging for radiographie and dental modalities. The Medical Workgroup of the Interagency Steering Committee on Radiation Standards (ISCORS) has modernized that document to address both diagnostic and interventional approaches, film and digital imaging, and the broad range of modalities that include radiography, computed tomography, interventional fluoroscopy, dentistry, bone densitometry, and veterinary practice. The current scope and status of the document will be presented.The Military Health System is committed to providing state-of- the-art care to its beneficiaries; both at home and abroad. Personnel constraints and the continuing wars oversees have created obstacles to this objective. In the past decade, tremendous advances have occurred in Electronic Health Records (EHR) and Teleradiology. Military Radiology seeks to leverage these advances as a means of surmounting many of the challenges it faces. In this talk, the current status of DoD teleradiology and EHR will be presented.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1. To provide a venue in which physicists working in the public sector can interface and discuss specific issues related to supporting the federal and state governments 2. To provide a venue for medical physicists to voice specific concerns with federal/state programs where medical physics should be involved in and/or more effective. 3. To educate audience on federal or state new or updated guidelines.

Identification of novel coding mutation in C1qA gene in an African-American pedigree with lupus and C1q deficiency

OBJECTIVES

Homozygous C1q deficiency is an extremely rare condition and strongly associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. To assess and characterize C1q deficiency in an African-American lupus pedigree, C1q genomic region was evaluated in the lupus cases and family members.

METHODS

Genomic DNA from patient was obtained and C1q A, B and C gene cluster was sequenced using next generation sequencing method. The identified mutation was further confirmed by direct Sanger sequencing method in the patient and all blood relatives. C1q levels in serum were measured using sandwich ELISA method.

RESULTS

In an African-American patient with lupus and C1q deficiency, we identified and confirmed a novel homozygote start codon mutation in C1qA gene that changes amino acid methionine to arginine at position 1. The Met1Arg mutation prevents protein translation (Met1Arg). Mutation analyses of the patient's family members also revealed the Met1Arg homozygote mutation in her deceased brother who also had lupus with absence of total complement activity consistent with a recessive pattern of inheritance.

CONCLUSION

The identification of new mutation in C1qA gene that disrupts the start codon (ATG to AGG (Met1Arg)) has not been reported previously and it expands the knowledge and importance of the C1q gene in the pathogenesis of lupus especially in the high-risk African-American population.

[Two cases of chronic pain after regional anaesthesia]

We are reporting two cases of chronic neuropathic pain after traumatism during regional anaesthesia (RA). Nerve injury is a rare complication of RA and it is the neurogical deficit, which is the most often quoted in medical literature. However, in both cases the neuropathic pain was the single departure point. The reunion of the clinical element, which incorporates possible traumatism during regional anaesthesia, characteristics of pain and unusual painful localization of surgery, should have allowed a more early diagnostic and treatment. In both cases, persistent neuropathic pain incapacitates the patient several years after the traumatism.

Virologic and immunologic effectiveness of tipranavir/ritonavir (TPV/r)- versus darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r)-based regimens in clinical practice

BACKGROUND

Although both tipranavir and darunavir are important options for the management of patients with multidrug resistant HIV, there are at present no studies comparing the effectiveness and safety of these 2 antiretroviral drugs in this population of patients.

OBJECTIVE

To compare the effectiveness and safety of ritonavir (TPV/r)- and darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/ r)-based therapies in treatment-experienced patients (n = 38 and 47, respectively).

METHODS

Multicenter, retrospective cohort study.

RESULTS

The median baseline viral load and CD4 count were 4.7 copies/mL (interquartile range [IQR] 4.3, 5.2) and 168 cells/mm( 3) (IQR 80, 252) for TPV/r patients and 4.7 copies/mL (IQR 3.7, 5.1) and 171 cells/mm(3) (IQR 92, 290) for DRV/r patients. The median number of years on antiretroviral therapy (ART) prior to starting DRV/r or TPV/r were 12.7 (10.2-15.5) and 10.5 (8.4-12.6), respectively (P < .01). Current raltegravir (RAL) use (odds ratio [OR] 5.53, 95% CI 1.08-28.34) was significantly associated with virologic suppression at week 24 in multivariable logistic regression models, whereas the use of TPV/r was not significantly associated with virologic suppression compared to DRV/r (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.27-3.18, P = .91).

CONCLUSION

No significant difference was observed between DRV/r and TPV/r in terms of virologic suppression.

Regional anaesthesia practice for total knee arthroplasty: French national survey - 2008

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

Improved pain management techniques and rehabilitation programs have significantly modified outcome for total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the survey was to describe the French practice patterns in regional anaesthesia for TKA.

METHODS

Twenty-item questionnaires were distributed to units with significant orthopaedic activity across France. The content referred to the type of orthopaedic activity; anaesthetic and analgesic management; preoperative patient information; technical aspects describing regional anaesthesia and postoperative analgesia.

RESULTS

Response rate was 54%. Combined general anaesthesia and perineural catheter was the most frequently used anaesthetic technique. Most of respondents used multimodal analgesia (including femoral nerve catheter by 80%). Written hygiene protocols were rarely available. Sterile gowns were seldom worn. Among antiseptic agents, povidone iodine was most often used. Sedative agents were systematically used by 36% of respondents. Ropivacaine was the preferred local anaesthetic agent. Finally, adjuvants were rarely used. In most cases (58%) the femoral block was performed before induction of general anaesthesia. The catheter was commonly threaded to a length between 5 and 8 cm. The correct position of the catheter tip was verified clinically by majority of respondents. Local anaesthetics were administered by continuous infusion, continuous infusion plus boluses and boluses alone in 44, 36 and 8% of cases. Catheter duration was 48 and 72 h in 45 and 33% of the units and was independent of pain scores.

CONCLUSION

This national survey showed practices in accordance with recent guidelines as well as persistent challenges in regional anaesthesia for TKA.

[National evaluation of knowledge and practice of cardiopulmonary resuscitation of children and infants in the field]

INTRODUCTION

After the publication of new recommendations for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (2005 guidelines and 2006 French recommendations), we conducted a study amongst EMS teams concerning their approach with children and infants, nationwide. The objective was to measure the level of knowledge of guidelines and practice.

METHODS

The online questionnaire was offered to emergency physicians belonging to the French emergency database, between November 1st and December 15th 2007. Incomplete questionnaires were excluded from the study. We recorded: profile of personnel, knowledge of guidelines, basic CPR and advanced CPR parameters.

RESULTS

Four hundred and thirty-nine questionnaires were analyzed. Personnel was aged under 40 in 50.2 %, with 2-5 years experience in prehospital emergency care (57.6 %); 51,3 % declared having had training in pediatric CPR. A minority of subjects declared knowing the 2005 Guidelines (35 %), more the French 2006 recommendations (62.5 %). Basic CPR: transition age child/adult known in 30.3 %. Compression/ventilation ratio: 30/2 for one rescuer in 50.2 % (child), 46.5 % (infant); 15/2 for two or more rescuers in 57.6 % (child), 48 % (infant). AED age for use (1 year old) known in 59.8 %. Advanced CPR: epinephrine dose known in 89.3 % (intravenous) and 34.3 % (tracheal). External shock known in 57.2 %.

CONCLUSION

This study emphasizes the lack of knowledge, especially with regard to first aid. Formations will be developed.