Coherent Beam-Beam Instability in Collisions with a Large Crossing Angle

In recent years the "crab-waist collision" scheme [P. Raimondi, Proceedings of 2nd SuperB Workshop, Frascati, 2006.; M. Zobov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 174801 (2010)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.104.174801] has become popular for circular e^{+} e^{-} colliders. The designs of several future colliders are based on this scheme. So far the beam-beam effects for collisions under a large crossing angle with or without crab waist were mostly studied using weak-strong simulations. We present here strong-strong simulations showing a novel strong coherent head-tail instability, which can limit the performance of proposed future colliders. We explain the underlying instability mechanism starting from the "cross-wake force" induced by the beam-beam interaction. Using this beam-beam wake, the beam-beam head tail modes are studied by an eigenmode analysis. The instability may affect all collider designs based on the crab-waist scheme. We suggest an experimental verification at SuperKEKB during its commissioning phase II.

Anomalous Evolution of the Near-Side Jet Peak Shape in Pb-Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=2.76 TeV

The measurement of two-particle angular correlations is a powerful tool to study jet quenching in a p_{T} region inaccessible by direct jet identification. In these measurements pseudorapidity (Δη) and azimuthal (Δφ) differences are used to extract the shape of the near-side peak formed by particles associated with a higher p_{T} trigger particle (1<p_{T,trig}<8  GeV/c). A combined fit of the near-side peak and long-range correlations is applied to the data allowing the extraction of the centrality evolution of the peak shape in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=2.76  TeV. A significant broadening of the peak in the Δη direction at low p_{T} is found from peripheral to central collisions, which vanishes above 4  GeV/c, while in the Δφ direction the peak is almost independent of centrality. For the 10% most central collisions and 1<p_{T,assoc}<2  GeV/c, 1<p_{T,trig}<3  GeV/c a novel feature is observed: a depletion develops around the center of the peak. The results are compared to pp collisions at the same center of mass energy and ampt model simulations. The comparison to the investigated models suggests that the broadening and the development of the depletion is connected to the strength of radial and longitudinal flow.

A natural chalcone induces apoptosis in lung cancer cells: 3D-QSAR, docking and an in vivo/vitro assay

This study was to study the antitumor effect of lonchocarpin (34) from traditional herbal medicine Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre and to reveal the underlying mechanism. The cytotoxic activities of lonchocarpin were evaluated in 10 lung cancer cell lines and it exhibited 97.5% activity at a dose of 100 μM in the H292 cell line. A field-based quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) study of 37 flavonoids from P. pinnata was also performed, and the results obtained showed that the hydrophobic interaction could be the crucial factor for the antitumor activity of lonchocarpin. Molecular docking studies revealed that lonchocarpin bound stably to the BH3-binding groove of the Bcl-2 protein with hydrophobic interactions with ALA146. Also, lonchocarpin significantly reduced cell proliferation via modulating Bax/Caspase-9/Caspase-3 pathway. An apoptotic test using flow cytometry showed that lonchocarpin produced about 41.1% and 47.9% apoptosis after treatment for 24 h and 48 h, respectively. Moreover, lonchocarpin inhibited tumor growth in S180-bearing mice with an inhibition rate of 57.94, 63.40 and 72.51%, respectively at a dose of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg. These results suggest that lonchocarpin is a potentially useful natural agent for cancer treatment.

The full-length sequence of HLA-B*59:01:01:01 confirmed by cloning and sequencing

The full‐length sequence of HLA‐B*59:01:01:01.

Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome caused by valproic acid as a monotherapy for epilepsy: First case report in Asian population

Valproic acid (VPA) is a broad-spectrum antiseizure drug used for a variety of clinical conditions, such as epilepsy and mood disorders. Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DRESS) accompanied by hyponatremia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia and elevated aminotransferase has never been reported as an adverse effect of VPA monotherapy during titration for epilepsy in Asian population. Hereby, we present the case of a 73-year-old Chinese male who suffered from DRESS and other complications two weeks after initiating VPA treatment for epilepsy. Understanding the risk associated with VPA-induced DRESS, and taking effective measures to avoid the severe side effects are necessary.

Energy dependence of forward-rapidity [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] production in pp collisions at the LHC

We present results on transverse momentum ([Formula: see text]) and rapidity ([Formula: see text]) differential production cross sections, mean transverse momentum and mean transverse momentum square of inclusive [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] at forward rapidity ([Formula: see text]) as well as [Formula: see text]-to-[Formula: see text] cross section ratios. These quantities are measured in pp collisions at center of mass energies [Formula: see text] and 13 TeV with the ALICE detector. Both charmonium states are reconstructed in the dimuon decay channel, using the muon spectrometer. A comprehensive comparison to inclusive charmonium cross sections measured at [Formula: see text], 7 and 8 TeV is performed. A comparison to non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics and fixed-order next-to-leading logarithm calculations, which describe prompt and non-prompt charmonium production respectively, is also presented. A good description of the data is obtained over the full [Formula: see text] range, provided that both contributions are summed. In particular, it is found that for [Formula: see text] GeV/c the non-prompt contribution reaches up to 50% of the total charmonium yield.

Production of Σ(1385)± and Ξ(1530)0 in p-Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV

The transverse momentum distributions of the strange and double-strange hyperon resonances (Σ ( 1385 ) ± , Ξ ( 1530 ) 0 ) produced in p-Pb collisions at s NN = 5.02 TeV were measured in the rapidity range - 0.5 < y CMS < 0 for event classes corresponding to different charged-particle multiplicity densities, ⟨ dN ch /dη lab ⟩ . The mean transverse momentum values are presented as a function of ⟨ dN ch /dη lab ⟩ , as well as a function of the particle masses and compared with previous results on hyperon production. The integrated yield ratios of excited to ground-state hyperons are constant as a function of ⟨ dN ch /dη lab ⟩ . The equivalent ratios to pions exhibit an increase with ⟨ dN ch /dη lab ⟩ , depending on their strangeness content.

Influence of W substitution on crystal structure, phase evolution and microwave dielectric properties of (Na0.5Bi0.5)MoO4 ceramics with low sintering temperature

In this work, the (Na0.5Bi0.5)(Mo1-xWx)O4 (x = 0.0, 0.5 and 1.0) ceramics were prepared via solid state reaction method. All the samples can be well densified at sintering temperature about ~720 °C. Dense and homogeneous microstructure with grain size lying between 2~8 μm can be observed from scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microwave dielectric permittivity of the (Na0.5Bi0.5)(Mo0.5W0.5)O4 ceramic was found to be temperature-independent in a wide range between 25~120 °C with a temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) ~-6 ppm/°C, a permittivity ~28.9, and Qf values 12,000~14,000 GHz. Crystal structure was refined using Rietveld method and lattice parameters are a = b = 5.281 (5) Å and c = 11.550 (6) Å with a space group I 41/a (88). The (Na0.5Bi0.5)(Mo1-xWx)O4 ceramics might be good candidate for low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) technology.

Arctigenin induced gallbladder cancer senescence through modulating epidermal growth factor receptor pathway

Gallbladder cancer has poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Arctigenin, a representative dibenzylbutyrolactone lignan, occurs in a variety of plants. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the antitumor effect of arctigenin on gallbladder cancer have not been fully elucidated. The expression levels of epidermal growth factor receptor were examined in 100 matched pairs of gallbladder cancer tissues. A positive correlation between high epidermal growth factor receptor expression levels and poor prognosis was observed in gallbladder cancer tissues. Pharmacological inhibition or inhibition via RNA interference of epidermal growth factor receptor induced cellular senescence in gallbladder cancer cells. The antitumor effect of arctigenin on gallbladder cancer cells was primarily achieved by inducing cellular senescence. In gallbladder cancer cells treated with arctigenin, the expression level of epidermal growth factor receptor significantly decreased. The analysis of the activity of the kinases downstream of epidermal growth factor receptor revealed that the RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway was significantly inhibited. Furthermore, the cellular senescence induced by arctigenin could be reverted by pcDNA-epidermal growth factor receptor. Arctigenin also potently inhibited the growth of tumor xenografts, which was accompanied by the downregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor and induction of senescence. This study demonstrates arctigenin could induce cellular senescence in gallbladder cancer through the modulation of epidermal growth factor receptor pathway. These data identify epidermal growth factor receptor as a key regulator in arctigenin-induced gallbladder cancer senescence.

USP22 down-regulation facilitates human retinoblastoma cell aging and apoptosis via inhibiting TERT/P53 pathway

OBJECTIVE

Retinoblastoma is the most common malignant intraocular tumor in childhood, and still lacks effective treatment. The immortality of tumor cell can be attributed to elevated telomerase activity, which has been considered as tumor marker and treatment target. USP22 is one of the important targets for inhibiting tumor growth, but clear illustration regarding its effects of telomerase, tumor cell immortality and retinoblastoma cell aging or apoptosis via suppressing TERT/P53 signal pathway remains to be elusive.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

MTT was used for describing cell proliferation, and Western blot was used to test protein expression level of USP22, TERT and P53. RT-qPCR was used to test USP22 mRNA level, followed by TRAP method to detect telomerase activity. Flow cytometry and comet assay were used to quantify cell apoptosis and DNA damage. Cell aging was measured by β-galactosidase.

RESULTS

The overexpression of USP22 significantly enhanced cell proliferation potency and telomerase activity, elevated TERT expression level, inhibited p53 expression and cell aging, as well as decreased cell apoptosis or DNA damage. Down-regulation of USP22 contributed to opposite effects.

CONCLUSIONS

USP22 played an important role in retinoblastoma cell proliferation/aging and apoptosis. The reduction of USP22 expression facilitated human retinoblastoma cell aging or apoptosis via suppressing TERT/P53 signal pathway. USP22, thus, may work as a target for treating retinoblastoma.

Pharmacometric Modeling of Naloxegol Efficacy and Safety: Impact on Dose and Label

Naloxegol is a peripherally acting μ-opioid receptor antagonist that was developed for the treatment of opioid-induced constipation. Modeling and simulation of naloxegol efficacy and tolerability informed selection of doses for phase III studies and provided comprehensive dosage recommendations for the naloxegol US package insert.

Production of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] mesons up to high transverse momentum in pp collisions at 2.76 TeV

The invariant differential cross sections for inclusive [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] mesons at midrapidity were measured in pp collisions at [Formula: see text] TeV for transverse momenta [Formula: see text] GeV/c and [Formula: see text] GeV/c, respectively, using the ALICE detector. This large range in [Formula: see text] was achieved by combining various analysis techniques and different triggers involving the electromagnetic calorimeter (EMCal). In particular, a new single-cluster, shower-shape based method was developed for the identification of high-[Formula: see text] neutral pions, which exploits that the showers originating from their decay photons overlap in the EMCal. Above 4 GeV/[Formula: see text], the measured cross sections are found to exhibit a similar power-law behavior with an exponent of about 6.3. Next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations differ from the measured cross sections by about 30% for the [Formula: see text], and between 30-50% for the [Formula: see text] meson, while generator-level simulations with PYTHIA 8.2 describe the data to better than 10-30%, except at [Formula: see text] GeV/[Formula: see text]. The new data can therefore be used to further improve the theoretical description of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] meson production.

Population pharmacokinetic analysis of lanicemine (AZD6765), an NMDA channel blocker, in healthy subjects and patients with major depressive disorder

WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE

Lanicemine (AZD6765) is a low-trapping N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor channel blocker that has demonstrated antidepressant efficacy in three of four clinical studies. The aim of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic model describing the concentration vs time profile of intravenously administered lanicemine in healthy subjects and patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and to use the model to evaluate the impact of demographic and clinical factors and concomitant medication on the pharmacokinetics of lanicemine.

METHODS

Data were derived from four studies: two Phase I trials in healthy subjects (studies 8 [NCT01069822] and 13 [NCT00785915]) and two Phase II trials in patients with MDD (studies 1 [NCT00491686] and 9 [NCT00781742]). Population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed by nonlinear mixed-effects modelling. The covariates evaluated within the model included sex, race, age and body weight parameters, clinically relevant laboratory measures, and use of concomitant medications. Goodness-of-fit plots, bootstrap and visual predictive checks were conducted to confirm concordance with observed data.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

A total of 2531 plasma lanicemine concentrations were available for analysis from 191 healthy subjects and patients with MDD. The pharmacokinetics of lanicemine following intravenous infusion was best described by a two-compartment model with zero-order input and first-order elimination. Mean systemic clearance (CL) was estimated at 9.43 L/h (90% CI 9.12-9.77), central compartment volume of distribution (V1) was 106 L (90% CI 93.7-115), peripheral volume of distribution (V2) was 47.3 (95% CI 39.6-56.6), and intercompartmental clearance (Q) was 75.7 (90% CI 51.8-127). Lean body mass and body surface area had a statistically significant effect on CL and V1, respectively.

WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSIONS

The population pharmacokinetic model developed adequately described the clinical observation of lanicemine in patients with MDD and healthy volunteers. Lean body mass and body surface area were identified as covariates that significantly influence the pharmacokinetics of lanicemine.