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Trampush JW, Yang MLZ, Yu J, Knowles E, Davies G, Liewald DC, Starr JM, Djurovic S, Melle I, Sundet K, Christoforou A, Reinvang I, DeRosse P, Lundervold AJ, Steen VM, Espeseth T, Räikkönen K, Widen E, Palotie A, Eriksson JG, Giegling I, Konte B, Roussos P, Giakoumaki S, Burdick KE, Payton A, Ollier W, Horan M, Chiba-Falek O, Attix DK, Need AC, Cirulli ET, Voineskos AN, Stefanis NC, Avramopoulos D, Hatzimanolis A, Arking DE, Smyrnis N, Bilder RM, Freimer NA, Cannon TD, London E, Poldrack RA, Sabb FW, Congdon E, Conley ED, Scult MA, Dickinson D, Straub RE, Donohoe G, Morris D, Corvin A, Gill M, Hariri AR, Weinberger DR, Pendleton N, Bitsios P, Rujescu D, Lahti J, Le Hellard S, Keller MC, Andreassen OA, Deary IJ, Glahn DC, Malhotra AK, Lencz T. GWAS meta-analysis reveals novel loci and genetic correlates for general cognitive function: a report from the COGENT consortium. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:1651-1652. [PMID: 29068436 PMCID: PMC5659072 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.244.
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Zimberg S, Richardson T, Sylvester J, Given R, Kipper M, Mantz C, Morris D, Perlmutter M, Song D, Fernandez E, Brookland R, Tchekmedyian N, Hafron J, Hartford A, Peddada A, Vacirca J, De Sanctis Y, Muenz-Wollny R, Conti P. Treatment Patterns, Patient Characteristics, and Preliminary Safety in the Radium-223 (Ra-223) REASSURE Observational Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Primessnig U, Krisper M, Pieske-Kraigher E, Morris D, Pieske B, Tschoepe C. P5270Diastolic pressure volume quotient (DPVQ) as a novel non invasive parameter using 3D echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging to estimate LV stiffness and risk stratification in HFpEF patients. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx493.p5270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Boyle AG, Rankin SC, Duffee LA, Morris D. Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Equine Nasopharyngeal and Guttural Pouch Wash Samples. J Vet Intern Med 2017; 31:1551-1555. [PMID: 28661019 PMCID: PMC5598885 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is recognized as a cause of nosocomial infections in both human and veterinary medicine. Studies that examine the nasopharynx and guttural pouches of the horse as carriage sites for MRSA have not been reported. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVE MRSA colonizes the nasopharynx and guttural pouch of horses. To determine the prevalence of MRSA in equine nasopharyngeal wash (NPW) and guttural pouch lavage (GPL) samples in a field population of horses. SAMPLES One hundred seventy-eight samples (123 NPW and 55 GPL) from 108 horses. METHODS Prospective study. Samples were collected from a convenience population of clinically ill horses with suspected Streptococcus equi subsp. equi (S. equi) infection, horses convalescing from a known S. equi infection, and asymptomatic horses undergoing S. equi screening. Samples were submitted for S. aureus aerobic bacterial culture with mannitol salt broth and two selective agars (cefoxitin CHROMagar as the PBP2a inducer and mannitol salt agar with oxacillin). Biochemical identification of Staphylococcus species and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), to determine clonal relationships between isolates, were performed. RESULTS Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS) was isolated from the nasopharynx of 7/108 (4%) horses. Three horses had MRSA (2.7%), and 4 had MR-Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP). MRSA was isolated from horses on the same farm. PFGE revealed the 3 MRSA as USA 500 strains. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Sampling the nasopharynx and guttural pouch of community-based horses revealed a similarly low prevalence rate of MRSA as other studies sampling the nares of community-based horses. More study is required to determine the need for sampling multiple anatomic sites when screening horses for MRSA.
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Esposito M, Kuchibhotla S, Catalina B, Ryan O, Pedicini R, Andrew M, Annamalai S, Mark G, Kiernan M, Pham D, Anderson M, Morris D, Batsides G, Danny R, Kapur N. Increased Right Ventricular Afterload Is Associated with Poor Survival Among Patients Receiving Biventricular Impella (BiPella) Support for Cardiogenic Shock. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Hawi Z, Cummins TDR, Tong J, Arcos-Burgos M, Zhao Q, Matthews N, Newman DP, Johnson B, Vance A, Heussler HS, Levy F, Easteal S, Wray NR, Kenny E, Morris D, Kent L, Gill M, Bellgrove MA. Rare DNA variants in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene increase risk for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a next-generation sequencing study. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:580-584. [PMID: 27457811 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent and highly heritable disorder of childhood with negative lifetime outcomes. Although candidate gene and genome-wide association studies have identified promising common variant signals, these explain only a fraction of the heritability of ADHD. The observation that rare structural variants confer substantial risk to psychiatric disorders suggests that rare variants might explain a portion of the missing heritability for ADHD. Here we believe we performed the first large-scale next-generation targeted sequencing study of ADHD in 152 child and adolescent cases and 188 controls across an a priori set of 117 genes. A multi-marker gene-level analysis of rare (<1% frequency) single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) revealed that the gene encoding brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was associated with ADHD at Bonferroni corrected levels. Sanger sequencing confirmed the existence of all novel rare BDNF variants. Our results implicate BDNF as a genetic risk factor for ADHD, potentially by virtue of its critical role in neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity.
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Cove-Smith L, Schmitt M, Dive C, Backen A, Mescallado N, Roberts R, Mellor H, Morris D, Naish J, Jackson A, Kirk J, Hargreaves A, Galvin M, Smith S, Brocklehurst S, Price S, Betts C, Hockings P, Woodhouse N, Radford J, Linton K. 019 Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity: could a translational cardiac MRI model help identify patients at risk? BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2017-311399.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Trampush JW, Yang MLZ, Yu J, Knowles E, Davies G, Liewald DC, Starr JM, Djurovic S, Melle I, Sundet K, Christoforou A, Reinvang I, DeRosse P, Lundervold AJ, Steen VM, Espeseth T, Räikkönen K, Widen E, Palotie A, Eriksson JG, Giegling I, Konte B, Roussos P, Giakoumaki S, Burdick KE, Payton A, Ollier W, Horan M, Chiba-Falek O, Attix DK, Need AC, Cirulli ET, Voineskos AN, Stefanis NC, Avramopoulos D, Hatzimanolis A, Arking DE, Smyrnis N, Bilder RM, Freimer NA, Cannon TD, London E, Poldrack RA, Sabb FW, Congdon E, Conley ED, Scult MA, Dickinson D, Straub RE, Donohoe G, Morris D, Corvin A, Gill M, Hariri AR, Weinberger DR, Pendleton N, Bitsios P, Rujescu D, Lahti J, Le Hellard S, Keller MC, Andreassen OA, Deary IJ, Glahn DC, Malhotra AK, Lencz T. GWAS meta-analysis reveals novel loci and genetic correlates for general cognitive function: a report from the COGENT consortium. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:336-345. [PMID: 28093568 PMCID: PMC5322272 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The complex nature of human cognition has resulted in cognitive genomics lagging behind many other fields in terms of gene discovery using genome-wide association study (GWAS) methods. In an attempt to overcome these barriers, the current study utilized GWAS meta-analysis to examine the association of common genetic variation (~8M single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) with minor allele frequency ⩾1%) to general cognitive function in a sample of 35 298 healthy individuals of European ancestry across 24 cohorts in the Cognitive Genomics Consortium (COGENT). In addition, we utilized individual SNP lookups and polygenic score analyses to identify genetic overlap with other relevant neurobehavioral phenotypes. Our primary GWAS meta-analysis identified two novel SNP loci (top SNPs: rs76114856 in the CENPO gene on chromosome 2 and rs6669072 near LOC105378853 on chromosome 1) associated with cognitive performance at the genome-wide significance level (P<5 × 10-8). Gene-based analysis identified an additional three Bonferroni-corrected significant loci at chromosomes 17q21.31, 17p13.1 and 1p13.3. Altogether, common variation across the genome resulted in a conservatively estimated SNP heritability of 21.5% (s.e.=0.01%) for general cognitive function. Integration with prior GWAS of cognitive performance and educational attainment yielded several additional significant loci. Finally, we found robust polygenic correlations between cognitive performance and educational attainment, several psychiatric disorders, birth length/weight and smoking behavior, as well as a novel genetic association to the personality trait of openness. These data provide new insight into the genetics of neurocognitive function with relevance to understanding the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric illness.
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McGillicuddy E, Murray I, Kavanagh S, Morrison L, Fogarty A, Cormican M, Dockery P, Prendergast M, Rowan N, Morris D. Silver nanoparticles in the environment: Sources, detection and ecotoxicology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 575:231-246. [PMID: 27744152 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The environmental impact of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) has become a topic of interest recently, this is due to the fact that AgNPs have been included in numerous consumer products including textiles, medical products, domestic appliances, food containers, cosmetics, paints and nano-functionalised plastics. The production, use and disposal of these AgNP containing products are potential routes for environmental exposure. These concerns have led to a number of studies investigating the release of particles from nano-functionalised products, the detection of the particles in the aquatic environment and the potential environmental toxicology of these AgNPs to aquatic organisms. The overall aim of this review is to examine methods for the capture and detection of AgNPs, potential toxicity and transmission routes in the aquatic environment.
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Ross-Innes CS, Chettouh H, Achilleos A, Galeano-Dalmau N, Debiram-Beecham I, MacRae S, Fessas P, Walker E, Varghese S, Evan T, Lao-Sirieix PS, O'Donovan M, Malhotra S, Novelli M, Disep B, Kaye PV, Lovat LB, Haidry R, Griffin M, Ragunath K, Bhandari P, Haycock A, Morris D, Attwood S, Dhar A, Rees C, Rutter MD, Ostler R, Aigret B, Sasieni PD, Fitzgerald RC. Risk stratification of Barrett's oesophagus using a non-endoscopic sampling method coupled with a biomarker panel: a cohort study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 2:23-31. [PMID: 28404010 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(16)30118-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barrett's oesophagus predisposes to adenocarcinoma. However, most patients with Barrett's oesophagus will not progress and endoscopic surveillance is invasive, expensive, and fraught by issues of sampling bias and the subjective assessment of dysplasia. We investigated whether a non-endoscopic device, the Cytosponge, could be coupled with clinical and molecular biomarkers to identify a group of patients with low risk of progression suitable for non-endoscopic follow-up. METHODS In this multicentre cohort study (BEST2), patients with Barrett's oesophagus underwent the Cytosponge test before their surveillance endoscopy. We collected clinical and demographic data and tested Cytosponge samples for a molecular biomarker panel including three protein biomarkers (P53, c-Myc, and Aurora kinase A), two methylation markers (MYOD1 and RUNX3), glandular atypia, and TP53 mutation status. We used a multivariable logistic regression model to compute the conditional probability of dysplasia status. We selected a simple model with high classification accuracy and applied it to an independent validation cohort. The BEST2 study is registered with ISRCTN, number 12730505. FINDINGS The discovery cohort consisted of 468 patients with Barrett's oesophagus and intestinal metaplasia. Of these, 376 had no dysplasia and 22 had high-grade dysplasia or intramucosal adenocarcinoma. In the discovery cohort, a model with high classification accuracy consisted of glandular atypia, P53 abnormality, and Aurora kinase A positivity, and the interaction of age, waist-to-hip ratio, and length of the Barrett's oesophagus segment. 162 (35%) of 468 of patients fell into the low-risk category and the probability of being a true non-dysplastic patient was 100% (99% CI 96-100) and the probability of having high-grade dysplasia or intramucosal adenocarcinoma was 0% (0-4). 238 (51%) of participants were classified as of moderate risk; the probability of having high-grade dysplasia was 14% (9-21). 58 (12%) of participants were classified as high-risk; the probability of having non-dysplastic endoscopic biopsies was 13% (5-27), whereas the probability of having high-grade dysplasia or intramucosal adenocarcinoma was 87% (73-95). In the validation cohort (65 patients), 51 were non-dysplastic and 14 had high-grade dysplasia. In this cohort, 25 (38%) of 65 patients were classified as being low-risk, and the probability of being non-dysplastic was 96·0% (99% CI 73·80-99·99). The moderate-risk group comprised 27 non-dysplastic and eight high-grade dysplasia cases, whereas the high-risk group (8% of the cohort) had no non-dysplastic cases and five patients with high-grade dysplasia. INTERPRETATION A combination of biomarker assays from a single Cytosponge sample can be used to determine a group of patients at low risk of progression, for whom endoscopy could be avoided. This strategy could help to avoid overdiagnosis and overtreatment in patients with Barrett's oesophagus. FUNDING Cancer Research UK.
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Tudor R, Kopciuk K, D'Silva A, Brenner D, Morris D, Bebb D. Addressing disease progression in EGFRmut+ NSCLC patients. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw383.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Stewart DA, Guo D, Luider J, Auer I, Klassen J, Morris D, Chaudhry A, Brown C, Glück S, Russell JA. A Low CD34+ Cell Dose Predicts Relapse and Death Early following Autologous Blood Stem Cell Transplantation. Hematology 2016; 6:19-27. [DOI: 10.1080/10245332.2001.11746549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Hares JD, Dymoke-Bradshaw AKL, Hilsabeck TJ, Kilkenny JD, Morris D, Horsfield CJ, Gales SG, Milnes J, Herrmann HW, McFee C. A demonstration of ultra-high time resolution with a pulse-dilation photo-multiplier. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/717/1/012093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Yonemura Y, Canbay E, Li Y, Coccolini F, Glehen O, Sugarbaker PH, Morris D, Moran B, Gonzaletz-Moreno S, Deraco M, Piso P, Elias D, Batlett D, Ishibashi H, Mizumoto A, Verwaal V, Mahtem H. A comprehensive treatment for peritoneal metastases from gastric cancer with curative intent. Eur J Surg Oncol 2016; 42:1123-31. [PMID: 27160355 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, Peritoneal Surface Oncology Group International (PSOGI) developed a novel comprehensive treatment consisting of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and perioperative chemotherapy (POC) for the treatment of peritoneal metastases (PM) from gastric cancer with curative intent. This article reviews the results of this treatment and verifies its indication. In this strategy, peritoneal cancer index (PCI) is determined by laparoscopy, and a peritoneal port is placed. Neoadjuvant bidirectional intraperitoneal/systemic chemotherapy (NIPS) is performed for 3 cycles, and then laparotomy is performed. Cytoreductive surgery with peritonectomy procedures and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion (HIPEC) are performed. Multivariate analyses showed that completeness of cytoreduction, pathologic response to NIPS and PCI level and cytologic status after NIPS, as independent prognostic factors. PCI less than cut-off level after NIPS, negative cytology after NIPS, and positive response to NIPS were identified as the indications for comprehensive treatment. Patients who hold these criteria should be considered as the candidates for CRS and HIPEC.
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Huo Y, Glenn D, Power M, Zhao J, Liauw W, Morris D. Incidence of and risk factors for pneumothorax and other complications following percutaneous ablation of lung metastases: a single-centre experience of 312 sessions. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Huo Y, Glenn D, Power M, Zhao J, Liauw W, Morris D. CEA failure as a prognostic factor for percutaneous ablation of pulmonary colorectal metastases. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Mason C, Brown TL, Buchanan D, Maher CJ, Morris D, Taylor RJ. The Decomposition of Oxalic Acid in Nitric Acid. J SOLUTION CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-016-0437-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Zhang L, Ji QH, Ruge F, Lane C, Morris D, Tee AR, Dayan CM, Ludgate M. Reversal of Pathological Features of Graves' Orbitopathy by Activation of Forkhead Transcription Factors, FOXOs. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101:114-22. [PMID: 26502358 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-2932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is a disfiguring/distressing, inflammatory autoimmune condition. This intractable problem is caused by expansion of the orbital contents around the eye by excessive fat generation (adipogenesis) and overproduction of extracellular matrix components, especially hyaluronan (HA) from preadipocytes/fibroblasts (PFs). Current immunosuppressive/antiinflammatory treatments are largely ineffective and have unpleasant side effects, and a better therapeutic strategy through understanding GO-associated pathological features is needed. OBJECTIVE Previously we identified depot-specific HA synthase 2 regulation (HAS2; major source of HA), which facilitates orbit-specific HA accumulation during adipogenesis, and targeting phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/mechanistic target of rapamycin-complex-1 pathways blocked both pathological features. The current study revealed low expression levels of Forkhead box O (FOXOs; critical downstream effectors of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase) in orbital PFs through adipogenesis compared with sc levels. We aimed to dissect the role of FOXOs in GO pathogenesis to identify nonimmunosuppressive targets for GO treatment. DESIGN/SETTING/PARTICIPANTS Human orbital and sc primary PFs were treated with small interfering RNA/chemical inhibitor (AS1842856) of FOXOs or FOXO enhancer trifluoperazine hydrochloride (TFP; Food and Drug Administration approved drug), in serum-free medium for 24 hours, or TFP treatment in adipogenic medium for 15 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Quantitative PCR was used to measure HAS2 transcripts and the terminal adipogenesis differentiation marker lipoprotein lipase. HA accumulation in the medium was measured by an ELISA. RESULTS Substantially increased or decreased HAS2/HA production was observed by inhibiting (small interfering RNA or chemical inhibitor) or enhancing (TFP) FOXO expression, respectively. TFP treatment is also sufficient to counteract thyrotropin receptor-activated HAS2/HA production and block adipogenesis in orbital PFs. CONCLUSIONS FOXOs play a crucial repressor role in the regulation of HAS2/HA production and adipogenesis in orbital PFs. Our data reveal for the first time that resetting GO-associated pathological features through drug-targeted activation of FOXOs could provide a feasible nonimmunosuppressive therapeutic strategy for GO.
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McGettigan PA, Browne JA, Carrington SD, Crowe MA, Fair T, Forde N, Loftus BJ, Lohan A, Lonergan P, Pluta K, Mamo S, Murphy A, Roche J, Walsh SW, Creevey CJ, Earley B, Keady S, Kenny DA, Matthews D, McCabe M, Morris D, O'Loughlin A, Waters S, Diskin MG, Evans ACO. Fertility and genomics: comparison of gene expression in contrasting reproductive tissues of female cattle. Reprod Fertil Dev 2016; 28:11-24. [DOI: 10.1071/rd15354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To compare gene expression among bovine tissues, large bovine RNA-seq datasets were used, comprising 280 samples from 10 different bovine tissues (uterine endometrium, granulosa cells, theca cells, cervix, embryos, leucocytes, liver, hypothalamus, pituitary, muscle) and generating 260 Gbases of data. Twin approaches were used: an information–theoretic analysis of the existing annotated transcriptome to identify the most tissue-specific genes and a de-novo transcriptome annotation to evaluate general features of the transcription landscape. Expression was detected for 97% of the Ensembl transcriptome with at least one read in one sample and between 28% and 66% at a level of 10 tags per million (TPM) or greater in individual tissues. Over 95% of genes exhibited some level of tissue-specific gene expression. This was mostly due to different levels of expression in different tissues rather than exclusive expression in a single tissue. Less than 1% of annotated genes exhibited a highly restricted tissue-specific expression profile and approximately 2% exhibited classic housekeeping profiles. In conclusion, it is the combined effects of the variable expression of large numbers of genes (73%–93% of the genome) and the specific expression of a small number of genes (<1% of the transcriptome) that contribute to determining the outcome of the function of individual tissues.
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Gilligan P, Houlihan A, Padki A, Amadi-Obi A, Owens N, Khashab A, Mutawa A, Eswararaj M, Gannon S, Alrmawi A, Gasem J, Sheung P, Tynan C, Little R, Merriman W, O'Donnell C, Morris D, Chochliouros I. THE DOCTOR WILL SEE YOU NOW: A STUDY OF PERSPECTIVES ON TELEMEDICINE IN THE PRE-HOSPITAL ENVIRONMENT. J Accid Emerg Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2015-205372.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Gilligan P, Amadi-Obi A, Sheung P, Alrmawi A, Gasem J, Tynan C, Khashab A, Gannon S, Mutawa A, Eswararaj M, Little R, Padki A, Houlihan A, Owens N, Morris D, Merriman W, O'Donnell C. SEEING IS BELIEVING: THE LIVECITY AMBULANCE E-HEALTH TELEMEDICINE PROJECT. Arch Emerg Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2015-205372.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Haidry RJ, Lipman G, Banks MR, Butt MA, Sehgal V, Graham D, Dunn JM, Gupta A, Sweis R, Miah H, Morris D, Smart HL, Bhandari P, Willert R, Fullarton G, Morris J, Di Pietro M, Gordon C, Penman I, Barr H, Patel P, Boger P, Kapoor N, Mahon B, Hoare J, Narayanasamy R, O'Toole D, Cheong E, Direkze NC, Ang Y, Veitch A, Dhar A, Nyalender D, Ragunath K, Leahy A, Fullard M, Rodriguez-Justo M, Novelli M, Lovat LB. Comparing outcome of radiofrequency ablation in Barrett's with high grade dysplasia and intramucosal carcinoma: a prospective multicenter UK registry. Endoscopy 2015; 47:980-7. [PMID: 26126159 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1392414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM Mucosal neoplasia arising in Barrett's esophagus can be successfully treated with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) followed by radiofrequency ablation (RFA). The aim of the study was to compare clinical outcomes of patients with high grade dysplasia (HGD) or intramucosal cancer (IMC) at baseline from the United Kingdom RFA registry. PATIENTS AND METHODS Prior to RFA, visible lesions and nodularity were removed entirely by EMR. Thereafter, patients underwent RFA every 3 months until all visible Barrett's mucosa was ablated or cancer developed (end points). Biopsies were taken at 12 months or when end points were reached. RESULTS A total of 515 patients, 384 with HGD and 131 with IMC, completed treatment. Prior to RFA, EMR was performed for visible lesions more frequently in the IMC cohort than in HGD patients (77 % vs. 47 %; P < 0.0001). The 12-month complete response for dysplasia and intestinal metaplasia were almost identical in the two cohorts (HGD 88 % and 76 %, respectively; IMC 87 % and 75 %, respectively; P = 0.7). Progression to invasive cancer was not significantly different at 12 months (HGD 1.8 %, IMC 3.8 %; P = 0.19). A trend towards slightly worse medium-term durability may be emerging in IMC patients (P = 0.08). In IMC, EMR followed by RFA was definitely associated with superior durability compared with RFA alone (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION The Registry reports on endoscopic therapy for Barrett's neoplasia, representing real-life outcomes. Patients with IMC were more likely to have visible lesions requiring initial EMR than those with HGD, and may carry a higher risk of cancer progression in the medium term. The data consolidate the approach to ensuring that these patients undergo thorough endoscopic work-up, including EMR prior to RFA when necessary.
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Davis M, Morris D, Bilker W, Tolomeo P, Julian K, Baron P, Brazil A, Ferguson J, Iverson S, Hu B, Rankin S, Nachamkin I, Lautenbach E. Companion animals and home surface contamination in community-associated
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization of people. Ann Glob Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2015.02.790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Evans S, Lane C, Bhatia S, Martin J, Morris D, Hayhurst C. Premoulded Custom Implants for Spheno-Orbital Reconstruction: A Novel Multidisciplinary Approach. Skull Base Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1546609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ross-Innes CS, Debiram-Beecham I, O'Donovan M, Walker E, Varghese S, Lao-Sirieix P, Lovat L, Griffin M, Ragunath K, Haidry R, Sami SS, Kaye P, Novelli M, Disep B, Ostler R, Aigret B, North BV, Bhandari P, Haycock A, Morris D, Attwood S, Dhar A, Rees C, Rutter MDD, Sasieni PD, Fitzgerald RC. Evaluation of a minimally invasive cell sampling device coupled with assessment of trefoil factor 3 expression for diagnosing Barrett's esophagus: a multi-center case-control study. PLoS Med 2015; 12:e1001780. [PMID: 25634542 PMCID: PMC4310596 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a commonly undiagnosed condition that predisposes to esophageal adenocarcinoma. Routine endoscopic screening for BE is not recommended because of the burden this would impose on the health care system. The objective of this study was to determine whether a novel approach using a minimally invasive cell sampling device, the Cytosponge, coupled with immunohistochemical staining for the biomarker Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3), could be used to identify patients who warrant endoscopy to diagnose BE. METHODS AND FINDINGS A case-control study was performed across 11 UK hospitals between July 2011 and December 2013. In total, 1,110 individuals comprising 463 controls with dyspepsia and reflux symptoms and 647 BE cases swallowed a Cytosponge prior to endoscopy. The primary outcome measures were to evaluate the safety, acceptability, and accuracy of the Cytosponge-TFF3 test compared with endoscopy and biopsy. In all, 1,042 (93.9%) patients successfully swallowed the Cytosponge, and no serious adverse events were attributed to the device. The Cytosponge was rated favorably, using a visual analogue scale, compared with endoscopy (p < 0.001), and patients who were not sedated for endoscopy were more likely to rate the Cytosponge higher than endoscopy (Mann-Whitney test, p < 0.001). The overall sensitivity of the test was 79.9% (95% CI 76.4%-83.0%), increasing to 87.2% (95% CI 83.0%-90.6%) for patients with ≥3 cm of circumferential BE, known to confer a higher cancer risk. The sensitivity increased to 89.7% (95% CI 82.3%-94.8%) in 107 patients who swallowed the device twice during the study course. There was no loss of sensitivity in patients with dysplasia. The specificity for diagnosing BE was 92.4% (95% CI 89.5%-94.7%). The case-control design of the study means that the results are not generalizable to a primary care population. Another limitation is that the acceptability data were limited to a single measure. CONCLUSIONS The Cytosponge-TFF3 test is safe and acceptable, and has accuracy comparable to other screening tests. This test may be a simple and inexpensive approach to identify patients with reflux symptoms who warrant endoscopy to diagnose BE.
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