101
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Response and Survival in Patients of BCLC Stage C Hepatocellular Carcinoma Receiving SBRT and Immunotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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102
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92P Safety of liver resection following atezolizumab plus bevacizumab treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with macrovascular invasion: A pre-specified analysis of the TALENTop study. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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103
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132TiP Dose escalation of chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma based on positron emission tomography response: A phase III, open-label, randomized, controlled trial (ESO-Shanghai 12). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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104
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392P A phase II study of SAF-189s in patients with advanced ROS1 fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
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105
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Association between cerebral blood flow changes and blood-brain barrier compromise in spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage. Clin Radiol 2022; 77:833-839. [PMID: 35786315 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To quantitatively evaluate blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in the perihaematomal region of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) and investigate the association between the alterations in cerebral blood flow and BBB permeability around the haematoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Spontaneous ICH patients underwent unenhanced computed tomography (CT) and CT perfusion (CTP) simultaneously. Haematoma volume was measured on CT. The values of cerebral haemodynamic parameters including cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), mean transit time (MTT), time to peak (TTP), and permeability-surface area product (PS) were measured in the perihaematomal region and the contralateral mirror region, and then relative values were calculated for statistical analysis. Linear regression was used to evaluate associations between BBB permeability and variables. RESULTS A total of 87 ICH patients were included in this study. The focally elevated BBB permeability was observed in the perihaematomal region in ICH patients. Linear regression showed that reduced rCBF (β = -0.379, p=0.001) and increased rCBV (β = 0.412, p=0.000) correlated independently with increased relative PS (rPS) value in deep ICH, while only increased rCBV (β = 0.423, p=0.071) correlated to increased rPS value in patients with lobar ICH. CONCLUSIONS BBB permeability is focally elevated in the region around the haematoma. Cerebral haemodynamic alterations are associated with increased BBB permeability. Cerebral hypoperfusion may aggravate BBB compromise, and a compensatory increase in CBV may lead to reperfusion injury on BBB.
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Experimental Evidence of t_{2g} Electron-Gas Rashba Interaction Induced by Asymmetric Orbital Hybridization. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:187203. [PMID: 36374676 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.187203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We report the control of Rashba spin-orbit interaction by tuning asymmetric hybridization between Ti orbitals at the LaAlO_{3}/SrTiO_{3} interface. This asymmetric orbital hybridization is modulated by introducing a LaFeO_{3} layer between LaAlO_{3} and SrTiO_{3}, which alters the Ti-O lattice polarization and traps interfacial charge carriers, resulting in a large Rashba spin-orbit effect at the interface in the absence of an external bias. This observation is verified through high-resolution electron microscopy, magnetotransport and first-principles calculations. Our results open hitherto unexplored avenues of controlling Rashba interaction to design next-generation spin orbitronics.
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107
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Measured proton electromagnetic structure deviates from theoretical predictions. Nature 2022; 611:265-270. [PMID: 36261531 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05248-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The visible world is founded on the proton, the only composite building block of matter that is stable in nature. Consequently, understanding the formation of matter relies on explaining the dynamics and the properties of the proton's bound state. A fundamental property of the proton involves the response of the system to an external electromagnetic field. It is characterized by the electromagnetic polarizabilities1 that describe how easily the charge and magnetization distributions inside the system are distorted by the electromagnetic field. Moreover, the generalized polarizabilities2 map out the resulting deformation of the densities in a proton subject to an electromagnetic field. They disclose essential information about the underlying system dynamics and provide a key for decoding the proton structure in terms of the theory of the strong interaction that binds its elementary quark and gluon constituents. Of particular interest is a puzzle in the electric generalized polarizability of the proton that remains unresolved for two decades2. Here we report measurements of the proton's electromagnetic generalized polarizabilities at low four-momentum transfer squared. We show evidence of an anomaly to the behaviour of the proton's electric generalized polarizability that contradicts the predictions of nuclear theory and derive its signature in the spatial distribution of the induced polarization in the proton. The reported measurements suggest the presence of a new, not-yet-understood dynamical mechanism in the proton and present notable challenges to the nuclear theory.
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Diagnostic performance of angiography-derived index of microvascular resistance: a systematic review and pooled meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The index of microvascular resistance (IMR) is an established measurement of coronary microcirculation status. However, it has not been widely incorporated into routine practice due to need for intracoronary instrumentation (pressure wire) and hyperaemic agents. Several angiography-derived quantitative flow ratio-based indexes of microvascular resistance (angio-IMR) have been proposed rekindling the interest for the assessment and management of microvascular disease.
Purpose
To review the overall diagnostic accuracy of angio-IMR against wire based IMR.
Methods
A systematic review of the literature was performed and studies comparing angio-IMR with wire based IMR were included. Individual data was extracted using semi-automatic digitalization. Correlation of angio-IMR with IMR and its diagnostic performance against IMR were analysed.
Results
Six studies directly comparing angio-IMR with IMR were included. Data extraction rate was 85.1% (582/684 vessels). There was a linear correlation between angio-IMR and IMR (β=0.483, R square=0.298) (Figure 1A). Pooled sensitivity was 77%, specificity was 66%, positive predictive value was 65%, negative predictive value was 78%, and accuracy was 71.0%. Pooled area under receiver operator curve of angio-IMR for predicting IMR diagnosed coronary microvascular disease was 0.754 (95% confidential interval 0.715 to 0.793) (Figure 1B). Similar diagnostic performance was observed in subgroups of patients with or without ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.
Conclusions
Currently available angio-IMR showed a clearly useful discrimination and diagnostic performance against the standard of wire based IMR.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): China Scholarship Council
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Lower risk of gout in sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors in type-2 diabetes patients: a propensity score-matched study. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2I) versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4I) on the risk of new gout diagnosis have not been explored. This study aims to compare the effects of SGLT2I against DPP4I on gout risks in a Chinese population.
Methods
This was a retrospective population-based cohort study of patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus treated with SGLT2I or DPP4I between January 1st, 2015 and December 31st, 2020 in Hong Kong. The study outcomes are new-onset gout and all-cause mortality. Propensity score matching (1:1 ratio) between SGLT2I and DPP4I was performed. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis models were conducted. Competing risks models and multiple approaches based on the propensity score were applied.
Patients
This study included 60996 patients (median age: 62.3 years old, 54.96% males; SGLTI group: n=21690; DPP4I group: n=39306).
Results
In the matched cohort, 1096 developed gout (IR: 2.52%) and 2195 died (IR: 5.05%). Univariable Cox regression showed that SGLT2I use was associated with lower risks of new diagnosis of gout (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.34; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.30–0.39; P-value<0.0001) and all-cause mortality (HR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.32–0.39; P-value<0.0001) compared to DPP4I. The associated remained for both new diagnosis of gout (HR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.37–0.57; P-value<0.0001) and all-cause mortality (HR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.33–0.44; P-value<0.0001) after adjusting for significant demographics, past comorbidities, and non-SGLT2I/DPP4I medications. The risks of gout were lowered in each types of SGLT2I. The results were consistent on competing risk and other propensity score approaches analyses.
Conclusions
SGLT2I use was associated with lower risks of new gout diagnosis compared to DPP4I use.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Impact of cardiovascular events on primary and hospital care costs: findings from UK Biobank study. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Need for primary and secondary healthcare increases following cardiovascular disease (CVD) events but there is no data on comparative increases in costs.
Purpose
To estimate annual primary care and hospital inpatient costs associated with key CVD and other adverse events using the UK Biobank (UKB) individual participant data.
Methods
UKB participants with linked primary care data (192,983 participants) or hospital inpatient episodes data (all 501,807 participants) contributed data to this study. The three categories of primary care services (patient consultations, diagnostic and monitoring tests, prescription medications), and hospital episodes were costed (2020 UK£) using the NHS England reference costs. Annual primary care costs and, separately, annual hospital inpatient costs were modelled as functions of participant characteristics at entry (socio-demographic, clinical, prior diseases) and time-updated first occurrences of myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary revascularization, incident cancer, incident diabetes, vascular death and non-vascular death during follow-up (p-value <0.01 in stepwise covariate selection). One-part generalized linear regression model (GLM) with Poisson distribution and identity link function was used for primary care costs, and two-part model was used for inpatient costs (part 1: logistic regression models probability of incurring costs; part 2: GLM with Poisson distribution and identity link function models costs conditional on incurring any). Separate models were fitted among participants with and without previous CVD at entry into UKB.
Results
Most adverse events were associated with excess primary care and hospital inpatient costs. Compared to people without previous CVD, people with previous CVD had on average larger excess primary care and hospital inpatient costs in years with myocardial infarction, stroke and vascular death; but similar excess costs in years with other events. Among both people without and with previous CVD, the excess annual primary care costs were less than 7% of the excess annual hospital inpatient costs for vascular events (Table). However, following diabetes diagnosis the excess annual primary care costs were higher than the excess annual hospital inpatient costs (Table).
Conclusions
These excess primary and hospital care costs associated with CVD events could inform assessments of interventions and policies to reduce CVD risks in UK.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Programme, UK Medical Research Council (MRC), British Heart Foundation
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Predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for atrial fibrillation and stroke in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a population-based cohort study. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a routinely available biomarker that reflects systemic inflammation. The study evaluated the predictive value of NLR for ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods
This was a population-based cohort study of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and complete blood count tests at baseline between January 1st, 2009 to December 31st, 2009 at government-funded hospitals/clinics in Hong Kong. Follow-up was until December 31st, 2019 or death.
Results
A total of 85351 patients (age=67.6±13.2 years old, male=48.8%, follow-up=3101±1441 days) were included. Univariable Cox regression found that increased NLR at quartiles 2, 3 and 4 was significantly associated with higher risks of new onset ischemic stroke (HR: 1.28 [1.20–1.37], P<0.001, HR: 1.41 [1.32–1.51], P<0.001 and HR: 1.38 [1.29–1.47], P<0.001) and AF (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.09 [1.02–1.17], P<0.015; HR: 1.28 [1.20–1.37], P<0.001; HR: 1.39 [1.31–1.49], P<0.001) compared to quartile 1. On multivariable analysis, NLR remained a significant predictor of ischemic stroke risk for quartiles 2 and 3 (quartile 2: HR: 1.14 [1.05, 1.22], p=0.001; quartile 3: HR: 1.14 [1.06, 1.23], p<0.001) but not quartile 4 (HR: 1.08 [0.994, 1.17], p=0.070). By contrast, NLR was not predictive of AF after adjusting for confounders (quartile 2: HR: 0.966 [0.874, 1.07], p=0.499; quartile 3: HR: 0.978 [0.884, 1.08], p=0.661; quartile 4: HR: 1.05 [0.935, 1.16], p=0.462).
Conclusion
NLR is a significant predictor of new onset ischaemic stroke but not AF after adjusting for significant confounders.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Cost-effectiveness of statin therapy in categories of patients in the UK. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality has declined steadily over the last few decades across Europe and North America.
Purpose
To provide contemporary estimates of long-term effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of statin therapy in different categories of patients in UK.
Methods
The CTT-UKB micro-simulation model, developed using the Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' Collaboration data (CTT: 118,000 participants; 5 years follow-up), and calibrated in the UK Biobank cohort (UKB: 502,000 participants; 9 years follow-up). The model integrates parametric risk equations for incident myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary revascularization, diabetes, cancer and vascular and nonvascular death, and projects annually these endpoints and survival using patient characteristics at entry. UKB data and linked primary and hospital care data informed healthcare costs in the model (2020 UK£); 2021 UK NHS Drug Tariff informed statin costs (atorvastatin 40mg at £1.22 and 80mg at £1.68 per 28 tablets); and Health Survey for England data informed health-related quality of life in the model. Previous CTT meta-analysis, atorvastatin dose-response randomized trials, and further meta-analyses of statin trials and cohort studies informed effects of 40mg/80mg atorvastatin therapy daily on rates of incident myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary revascularization, vascular death, diabetes, myopathy and rhabdomyolysis.
The model was used to project gains in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and additional cost per QALY with lifetime use of atorvastatin 40mg or 80mg daily in categories of UKB participants by sex, age at statin initiation (40–49; 50–59 and 60–70 years), and 10-year CVD risk (QRISK3 risk (%): <5; 5–10, 10–15, 15–20, ≥20). Further scenarios explored effects of 5-year delay of statin initiation in people under 45 years of age or stopping statin therapy at 80 years of age.
Results
Across men and women in categories by age and CVD risk, lifetime use of atorvastatin 40mg daily was associated with increases in survival by 0.44–1.69 years (0.28–1.02 QALYs), and atorvastatin 80mg daily with increases in survival of 0.45–1.87 years (0.32–1.13 QALYs; Figure 1) with gains larger among participants at higher CVD risk. Both atorvastatin 40mg and 80mg doses were in the range of cost-effective treatments with incremental cost per QALY gained with atorvastatin 40mg daily versus no statin therapy below £7200/QALY and with atorvastatin 80mg vs 40mg daily below £16000/QALY (Figure 2) across all patient categories studied. Compared to lifetime statin therapy, stopping therapy at 80 years of age substantially reduced benefits and was not cost-effective in any patient category studied. Similarly, compared to immediate initiation, 5-year delay of statin therapy in 40–45 years old patients was not a cost-effective.
Conclusions
In the UK, statin therapy remains highly cost-effective across men and women 40–70 years old, including those at 10-year CVD risk <5%.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Programme, UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Programme, UK Medical Research Council (MRC), British Heart Foundation
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Benefit accrual with cardiovascular disease prevention and effects of discontinuation: a modelling study. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Statin therapy reduces rates of heart attacks and strokes and improves survival in people at increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, there is some uncertainty when to start and how long to persist with statin therapy so as to optimise benefits.
Purpose
To project the accrual of benefit with statin therapy in population groups by age at therapy initiation using a newly developed micro-simulation model.
Methods
Participants without previous CVD (N=44,412) and with previous CVD (N=13,061) at entry were randomly selected from the UK Biobank cohort, ensuring sufficient representation in respective categories by age, LDL cholesterol, diabetes and 10-year CVD risk categories (QRISK3 score, for those without previous CVD only). The CTT-UKB model, a CVD micro-simulation model [1], was used to predict subsequent survival and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) of the participants using their characteristics at entry. Treatment with atorvastatin 40mg daily was used as an example to illustrate the effect of the therapy compared to no such therapy. Scenarios include: (1) lifelong preventive therapy, (2) preventive therapy stopped at 80 years of age, and (3) delayed initiation of preventive therapy by 5 years in participants under 45 years of age.
Results
Statin treatment benefits, measured in QALYs gained, accrue over lifetime. The majority of benefits accrue later in life. Men accumulate larger benefits and earlier than women (Figure 1A). The pattern of benefits accrual is similar for participants with and without previous CVD (data not shown). The higher the participants' CVD risk, the larger and earlier the benefits, with younger participants accruing larger benefits (Figure 1B). Compared with lifelong prevention, stopping treatment at 80 years of age leads to large reductions in overall benefits, especially in women and those at lower CVD risk. For example, compared to lifelong therapy, people without previous CVD who initiate therapy in their 50s, would lose 47% of QALYs benefit (if men), 66% (if women), 73% (if with CVD risk <5%), and 35% (if with CVD risk ≥20%), respectively, if they stop treatment when they reach 80 years of age. Five-year delay of statin therapy initiation in people under 45 years of age reduces their benefits by about 4% on average, though the loss is somewhat larger in people at higher CVD risk (Figure 2).
Conclusion
Benefits from lifelong cardiovascular prevention accrue over peoples' lifespan with large share of benefits accruing at older age. Stopping treatment earlier substantially reduces benefits.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): UK NationalInstitute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Programme, UK Medical Research Council (MRC), and British Heart Foundation
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[Focusing on patient safety and quality of care, exploring long-term antimicrobial stewardship]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2022; 61:1091-1094. [PMID: 36207964 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20220509-00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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115
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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: Effects on secondary metabolite accumulation of traditional Chinese medicines. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2022; 24:932-938. [PMID: 35733285 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has played a pivotal role in maintaining the health of people, and the intrinsic quality of TCM is directly related to the clinical efficacy. The medicinal ingredients of TCM are derived from the secondary metabolites of plant metabolism and are also the result of the coordination of various physiological activities in plants. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are among the most ubiquitous plant mutualists that enhance the growth and yield of plants by facilitating the uptake of nutrients and water. Symbiosis of AMF with higher plants promotes growth and helps in the accumulation of secondary metabolites. However, there is still no systematic analysis and summation of their roles in the application of TCM, biosynthesis and accumulation of active substances of herbs, as well as the mechanisms. AMF directly or indirectly affect the accumulation of secondary metabolites of TCM, which is the focus of this review. First, in this review, the effects of AMF symbiosis on the content of different secondary metabolites in TCM, such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenoids, are summarized. Moreover, the mechanism of AMF regulating the synthesis of secondary metabolites was also considered, in combination with the establishment of mycorrhizal symbionts, response mechanisms of plant hormones, nutritional elements and expression of key enzyme their activities. Finally, combined with the current application prospects for AMF in TCM, future in-depth research is planned, thus providing a reference for improving the quality of TCM. In this manuscript, we review the research status of AMF in promoting the accumulation of secondary metabolites in TCM to provide new ideas and methods for improving the quality of TCM.
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Association between maternal oxygenation and brain growth in fetuses with left-sided cardiac obstructive lesions. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2022; 60:499-505. [PMID: 35502529 DOI: 10.1002/uog.24927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Impaired brain growth has been observed in fetuses with left-sided obstructive lesions (LSOL). Maternal oxygenation (MO) can alter fetal cerebral oxygenation and vascular reactivity. Our aim was to observe whether brain growth improves during MO in fetuses with LSOL. METHODS Forty-six fetuses with LSOL and 23 control fetuses were enrolled in this prospective longitudinal study. Fetuses with LSOL were subgrouped into those with MO (LSOL-MO, n = 23) and those without MO (LSOL-nMO, n = 23). Fetal head circumference (HC) and total intracranial volume (TIV) were evaluated serially at 4-week intervals. Brain biometry and growth were analyzed using linear mixed models adjusted for gestational age and sex. Spearman's correlation coefficients were calculated to identify baseline characteristics predictive of brain growth in the LSOL-MO group. RESULTS Duration of MO therapy had significant interaction effects on cerebral biometry in fetuses with LSOL. TIV increased more rapidly after 8 weeks of oxygen exposure and HC was larger after 16 weeks of oxygen exposure in the LSOL-MO group compared with the LSOL-nMO group (P < 0.001). The change in TIV at the final time- point relative to the initial timepoint in the LSOL-MO group correlated negatively with the baseline pulsatility index of the middle cerebral artery (r = -0.58, P = 0.003) and baseline myocardial performance index of the left ventricle (r = -0.68, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS TIV and HC increased faster in fetuses with LSOL which had MO compared with those that did not. Lower cerebral vascular resistance and preserved left heart function at baseline may predict greater cerebral biometric growth during MO. Additional research, including larger serial studies, is needed to confirm these preliminary findings and evaluate the clinical application of MO in this population. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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EP08.01-107 The Increase of Blood Intratumor Heterogeneity Is Associated with Unfavorable Outcomes of ICIs Plus Chemotherapy in NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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118
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OA03.07 Safety and Efficacy of D-1553 in Patients with KRAS G12C Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase 1 Trial. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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119
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1011P MET and NF2 alterations confer early resistance to first-line alectinib treatment in ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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120
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981P A phase IIa study to evaluate safety and efficacy of rezivertinib (BPI-7711) in locally advanced or metastatic/recurrent treatment-naïve NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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121
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725P Identification of cuproptosis-related subtypes, the development of a prognosis model and drug candidates in HCC. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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122
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Clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of long non-coding RNA myocardial infarction-associated transcript in multiple cancers. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2022; 26:6129-6144. [PMID: 36111915 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202209_29631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the meta-analysis was to explore the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) in various cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched multiple databases, including PubMed, China National Knowledge 53 Infrastructure (CNKI), Springer, Web of Science, and Cochrane, for articles on the prognostic value of lncRNA MIAT in various cancers before 25 March 2021. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were adopted to evaluate the clinicopathological features and outcomes of cancers. The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset was used to identify the differential expression and prognostic significance of lncRNA MIAT. RESULTS We enrolled 14 publications, including 1,573 cancer patients. Higher lncRNA MIAT expression was significantly related to worse overall survival (OR=3.13, 95% CI: 2.47-3.96, p<0.05), regardless of cancer types, sample size, and follow-up time of the included studies. Additionally, higher lncRNA MIAT expression was associated with larger tumour sizes (OR=1.67, 95% CI: 1.24-2.26, p<0.05), advanced clinical stage (OR=4.79, 95% CI: 3.38-6.79, p<0.05), lymph nodes metastasis (OR=7.33, 95% CI: 4.61-11.67, p<0.05), and distant metastasis (OR=2.62, 95% CI: 1.88-3.66, p<0.05), but not associated with age and gender. We found no publication bias, and sensitivity analysis indicated that the results were reliable. CONCLUSIONS Higher lncRNA MIAT expression may predict larger tumour sizes, advanced clinical stage, metastasis of cancers, and lower overall survival rate. LncRNA MIAT may serve as a useful clinicopathological and prognostic biomarker for cancers.
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987P Sunvozertinib for NSCLC patients with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations: Preliminary analysis of WU-KONG6, the first pivotal study. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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896P Multiple radiomic biomarkers-based machine learning model to predict responses of surufatinib-treated advanced neuroendocrine tumor (NET): A multicenter exploratory study. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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LBA61 HR070803 plus 5-FU/LV versus placebo plus 5-FU/LV in second-line therapy for gemcitabine-refractory locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer: A multicentered, randomized, double-blind, parallel-controlled phase III trial (HR-IRI-APC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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EP08.02-139 A Phase 2 Study of Befotertinib in Patients with EGFR T790M Mutated NSCLC after Prior EGFR TKIs. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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1037P Taxol-ramucirumab-pembrolizumab (TRP) for immuno-resistant/refractory NSCLC. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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1743P ALTN-AK105-II-02 cohort 4: A phase II study of penpulimab plus anlotinib in patients (pts) with previously treated locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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LP-24 Thallium exposure promotes colorectal tumorigenesis via the aberrant m6A modification in ATP13A3. Toxicol Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.07.766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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[Research progress on risk factors for adverse events after thoracic endovascular aortic repair for Stanford type B aortic dissection]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2022; 50:825-829. [PMID: 35982019 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20220419-00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
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Discrimination between microcystic meningioma and atypical meningioma using whole-lesion apparent diffusion coefficient histogram analysis. Clin Radiol 2022; 77:864-869. [PMID: 36030110 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore the value of whole-lesion apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram analysis in discriminating microcystic meningioma (MCM) from atypical meningioma (AM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical and preoperative MRI data of 20 patients with MCM and 26 patients with AM were analysed retrospectively. Whole-lesion apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram analysis was performed on each patient's lesion to obtain histogram parameters, including mean, variance, skewness, kurtosis, the 1st (ADCp1), 10th (ADCp10), 50th (ADCp50), 90th (ADCp90), and 99th (ADCp99) percentiles of ADC. The differences between the ADC histogram parameters of the two tumours were compared, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the diagnostic performance of statistically significant parameters in distinguishing the two tumours. RESULTS The mean, ADCp1, ADCp10, ADCp50, and ADCp90 of MCM were greater than those of AM, and significant differences were observed in these parameters between MCM and AM (all p<0.05). ROC analysis showed that the mean had the highest area under the curve value (AUC) in distinguishing the two tumours (AUC = 0.852), when using 120.46 × 10-6 mm2/s as the optimal threshold, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for discriminating the two groups were 84.6%, 75%, 80.4%, 81.5%, and 78.9%, respectively. CONCLUSION Histogram analysis based on whole-lesion ADC maps was useful for discriminating between MCM from AM preoperatively, with the mean being the most promising potential parameter.
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[Exploration of endovascular repair of aortic disease]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2022; 50:739-742. [PMID: 35982003 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20220628-00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
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Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on WGWOA-VMD-SVM. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22166281. [PMID: 36016042 PMCID: PMC9416014 DOI: 10.3390/s22166281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on whale gray wolf optimization algorithm-variational mode decomposition-support vector machine (WGWOA-VMD-SVM) was proposed to solve the unclear fault characterization of rolling bearing vibration signal due to its nonlinear and nonstationary characteristics. A whale gray wolf optimization algorithm (WGWOA) was proposed by combining whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and gray wolf optimization (GWO), and the rolling bearing signal was decomposed by using variational mode decomposition (VMD). Each eigenvalue was extracted as eigenvector after VMD, and the training and test sets of the fault diagnosis model were divided accordingly. The support vector machine (SVM) was used as the fault diagnosis model and optimized by using WGWOA. The validity of this method was verified by two cases of Case Western Reserve University bearing data set and laboratory test. The test results show that in the bearing data set of Case Western Reserve University, compared with the existing VMD-SVM method, the fault diagnosis accuracy rate of the WGWOA-VMD-SVM method in five repeated tests reaches 100.00%, which preliminarily verifies the feasibility of this algorithm. In the laboratory test case, the diagnostic effect of the proposed fault diagnosis method is compared with backpropagation neural network, SVM, VMD-SVM, WOA-VMD-SVM, GWO-VMD-SVM, and WGWOA-VMD-SVM. Test results show that the accuracy rate of WGWOA-VMD-SVM fault diagnosis is the highest, the accuracy rate of a single test reaches 100.00%, and the accuracy rate of five repeated tests reaches 99.75%, which is the highest compared with the above six methods. WGWOA plays a good optimization role in optimizing VMD and SVM. The signal decomposed by VMD is optimized by using the WGWOA algorithm without mode overlap. WGWOA has the better convergence performance than WOA and GWO, which further verifies its superiority among the compared methods. The research results can provide an effective improvement method for the existing rolling bearing fault diagnosis technology.
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[Taxonomic rank of human parasites]. ZHONGGUO XUE XI CHONG BING FANG ZHI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL 2022; 34:420-428. [PMID: 36116936 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2021202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biological category is effective to indicate the evolution of organism populations between past and present. Conventional taxonomy of human parasites mainly depends on important morphological features, which suffers from a problem of categorizing related-genera species with similar morphological characteristics. With recent advances in molecular biological technologies, the effective applications of mitochondrial and ribosomal biomarkers and sequencing greatly improve the development of the taxonomic rank of human parasites. Worldwide, the classification of human parasites have been continuously revised and improved. Hereby, we re-categorize parasitic Protozoa, Trematoda, Cestoda and Nematoda, so as to provide insights into the researches on molecular systematics and genetic evolution of human parasites.
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[Prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma of head and neck and risk factors for lung metastasis]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2022; 57:963-968. [PMID: 36058663 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20220508-00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the prognosis and risk factors of lung metastasis of patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma(ACC) of head and neck. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted. The data of 157 patients with ACC of head and neck treated in Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2014 to October 2020 were collected, including 72 males and 85 females, with onset age between 14 and 72 years old. According to whether lung metastasis occurred, the patients were divided into lung metastasis group (88 cases) and non-pulmonary metastasis group (69 cases). Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the overall survival rate and progression-free survival rate using SPSS 26.0 software. Log-rank test was used to evaluate statistically relevant clinicopathological factors. Cox proportional risk model was used in multivariate analysis for the factors affecting the lung metastasis-free survival using R Studio 1.2.5042. Results: The 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 91.5% and 85.2%, respectively. The 3-year and 5-year progression-free survival rates were 57.7% and 34.3%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that primary site, histological grade, high-grade transformation, Ki-67, T stage, and lymph node status were the risk factors for lung metastasis (χ2=11.78, 10.41, 4.06, 4.71, 5.37, 16.20, respectively, all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed independent risk factors for lung metastasis, including submandibular gland and sublingual gland (HR=3.53, 95%CI: 1.19-10.46, P<0.05), T3-4 stage (HR=3.09, 95%CI: 1.54-6.23, P<0.05), and Grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ grade (HR=2.47, 95%CI: 1.26-4.86,P<0.05). Conclusion: Distant metastasis, mainly pulmonary metastasis, affects the long-term prognosis of patients with ACC significantly. Primary site, T stage and histopathological grade can be used as the predictors for the risk of lung metastasis.
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502 The genomic and phenotypic landscape of ichthyosis: An analysis of 1000 kindreds. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Extrusion-based additive manufacturing of Mg-Zn/bioceramic composite scaffolds. Acta Biomater 2022; 151:628-646. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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[Association between coagulation function and prognosis in patients with acute pancreatitis]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:1006-1012. [PMID: 35869762 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.07.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation of coagulation function with the severity and prognosis of acute pancreatitis (AP) and identify the laboratory markers for early prediction and dynamic monitoring of the prognosis of AP. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with AP admitted less than 72 h after onset to our hospital from December 1, 2017 to November 30, 2018. The correlation of coagulation function-related markers at admission and their changes during hospitalization with the prognosis of the patients was analyzed. RESULTS We screened the data of a total of 1260 patients with AP against the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and eventually 175 patients were enrolled in this analysis, among whom 52 patients had severe AP (SAP) and 12 patients died. Logistic regression analysis identified vWF: Ag, PT, PC, AT Ⅲ and D-dimer markers at admission as independent risk factors for predicting SAP and death. Dynamic monitoring of the changes in coagulation function-related markers in the disease course had greater predictive value of the patients' prognosis, and the indicators including vWF: Agmax, PTmax, APTTmax, TTmax, FIBmin, D-dimermax, PLTmin, PCmin, PLGmin, AT Ⅲmin, and their variations were all independent risk factors for predicting SAP and death. ROC analysis suggested that dynamic monitoring of the changes in the indicators, especially those of △vWF: Ag, △PT, △APTT, △FIB, △TT, △D-dimer, △PLT, △PC, △AT Ⅲ, △PLG, could effectively predict SAP and death in these patients (with AUC range of 0.63-0.84). CONCLUSION Patients with AP have vascular endothelial injuries and coagulation disorders. The markers including vWF: Ag, PT, PC, AT Ⅲ and D-dimer at admission are independent risk factors for predicting SAP and death, and dynamic monitoring of the changes in vWF: Ag、PT、APTT、TT、FIB、D-dimer、PLT、PC、AT Ⅲ and PLG can further increase the predictive value.
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Effects of the m6Am methyltransferase PCIF1 on cell proliferation and survival in gliomas. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166498. [PMID: 35868483 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested an important role for N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in the proliferation of glioma cells. N6, 2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am) is another methylated form affecting the fate and function of most RNA. PCIF1 has recently been identified as the sole m6Am methyltransferase in mammalian mRNA. However, it remains unknown about the role of PCIF1 in the growth and survival of glioma cells. METHODS We constructed glioma cell lines that stably downregulated/upregulated PCIF1, established intracranial xenograft models using these cell lines, and employed the following methods for investigations: CCK-8, EdU, colony formation, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. FINDINGS Downregulating PCIF1 promoted glioma cell proliferation, while overexpressing PCIF1 showed the opposite effects. Overexpression of PCIF1 blocked cell cycle progression and induced apoptosis in glioma cells, which was further confirmed by alterations in the expression of cell checkpoint proteins and apoptotic markers. Interestingly, disruption of PCIF1 methyltransferase activity slightly reversed the effect of PCIF1 overexpression on cell proliferation, but had no significant reversal effects on cell cycle progression or apoptosis. Knockdown of PCIF1 promoted the growth of gliomas, while overexpressing PCIF1 inhibited tumor growth and prolonged the survival time of tumor-bearing mice. In addition, the mRNA and protein levels of PCIF1 were gradually decreased with the increase of WHO grade in glioma tissues, but there was no significant correlation with patient survival. INTERPRETATION These results indicated that PCIF1 played a suppressing role in glioma growth and survival, which may not entirely depend on its methyltransferase activity.
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[Analysis of the new WHO guideline to accelerate the progress towards elimination of schistosomiasis in China]. ZHONGGUO XUE XI CHONG BING FANG ZHI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL 2022; 34:217-222. [PMID: 35896483 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2022113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
On February 2022, WHO released the evidence-based guideline on control and elimination of human schistosomiasis, with aims to guide the elimination of schistosomiasis as a public health problem in disease-endemic countries by 2030 and promote the interruption of schistosomiasis transmission across the world. Based on the One Health concept, six evidence-based recommendations were proposed in this guideline. This article aims to analyze the feasibility of key aspects of this guideline in Chinese national schistosomiasis control program and illustrate the significance to guide the future actions for Chinese national schistosomiasis control program. Currently, the One Health concept has been embodied in the Chinese national schistosomiasis control program. Based on this new WHO guideline, the following recommendations are proposed for the national schistosomiasis control program of China: (1) improving the systematic framework building, facilitating the agreement of the cross-sectoral consensus, and building a high-level leadership group; (2) optimizing the current human and livestock treatments in the national schistosomiasis control program of China; (3) developing highly sensitive and specific diagnostics and the framework for verifying elimination of schistosomiasis; (4) accelerating the progress towards elimination of schistosomiasis and other parasitic diseases through integrating the national control programs for other parasitic diseases.
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[Decoding the evolution of preventive chemotherapy schemes for schistosomiasis in China to improve the precise implementation of the WHO guideline on control and elimination of human schistosomiasis]. ZHONGGUO XUE XI CHONG BING FANG ZHI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL 2022; 34:223-229. [PMID: 35896484 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2022111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Preventive chemotherapy is one of the pivotal interventions for the control and elimination of schistosomiasis, which is effective to reduce the morbidity and prevalence of schistosomiasis. In order to promote the United Nations' sustainable development goals and the targets set for schistosomiasis control in the Ending the neglect to attain the Sustainable Development Goals: a road map for neglected tropical diseases 2021-2030, WHO released the guideline on control and elimination of human schistosomiasis in 2022, with major evidence-based updates of the current preventive chemotherapy strategy for schistosomiasis. In China where great success has been achieved in schistosomiasis control, the preventive chemotherapy strategy for schistosomiasis has been updated several times during the past seven decades. This article reviews the evolution of the WHO guidelines on preventive chemotherapy and Chinese national preventive chemotherapy schemes, compares the current Chinese national preventive chemotherapy scheme and the recommendations for preventive chemotherapy proposed in the 2022 WHO guideline on control and elimination of human schistosomiasis, and proposes recommendations for preventive chemotherapy during the future implementation of the 2022 WHO guideline, so as to provide insights into schistosomiasis control among public health professionals engaging in healthcare foreign aid.
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[Study of cross-sectional morphology of root canals in Tibetan mandibular incisors by micro-computed tomography]. ZHONGHUA KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2022; 57:739-744. [PMID: 35790514 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20210731-00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To study the cross-sectional morphology of root canal system of Tibetan mandibular incisors by micro-CT. Methods: From October 2019 to October 2020, one hundred and thirty-six mandibular incisors were collected from Tibetan patients [(51.9±16.4) years old, range from 25 to 80 years] who underwent teeth extraction due to severe periodontitis at the Department of Stomatology, Tibetan Hospital of Traditional Tibetan Medicine, including 84 mandibular central incisors and 52 mandibular lateral incisors. These teeth were scanned at 23 μm voxel size resolution. Root lengths from cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to apex of mandibular incisors were measured. According to the length, the root was divided as cervical 1/3, middle 1/3 and apical 1/3, and the numbers of root canals were recorded simultaneously. The major diameter, minor diameter, and dimension were measured per millimeter in cross section for mandibular incisor with single root canal, and the ratio of major diameter to minor diameter (Dmax/Dmin) as well as roundness were calculated for morphological analysis. The diversions and conversions from CEJ to apex in cross section were recorded for mandibular incisor with multiple root canals. Results: For mandibular central incisors with single root canal, the Dmax/Dmin was highest in middle 1/3 of the root [1.99 (1.31, 2.79)], which was significantly higher than cervical 1/3 and apical 1/3 (P=0.010, P=0.003). The roundness was least in middle 1/3 [0.47 (0.31, 0.66)], which was significantly lower than cervical 1/3 and apical 1/3 (P=0.010, P=0.001). For mandibular central incisor with multiple root canals, the highest incidence of multiple root canals was 40.5% (34/84), and mainly detected in middle 1/3 of the root [32.1% (27/84)]. For mandibular lateral incisor with single root canal, the roundness was greatest in apical 1/3 of the root [0.61 (0.49, 0.71)], which was significantly higher than cervical 1/3 (P=0.001) and middle 1/3 (P=0.001). The highest incidence of multiple root canals was 34.6% (18/52), all of which were detected in apical 1/3. Conclusions: In Tibetan mandibular central incisors, the cross-sectional morphology of root canals was long and narrow in middle 1/3, and multiple root canals were more likely to be found here. In Tibetan mandibular lateral incisors, the cross-sectional anatomy of root canal was relatively close to circle in apical 1/3, but the shape was still so irregular that one root canal may divide into two here.
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[Clinical features and risk factors for early relapse of pediatric ulcerative colitis]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2022; 60:660-665. [PMID: 35768353 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20220401-00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical features of pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC) and analyze the risk factors of disease relapse. Methods: The clinical data of 79 children with UC diagnosed in Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2016 to February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into early relapse group and non-early relapse group according to the clinical relapse within 12 months after diagnosis. T-test, rank sum test, χ2 test or Fisher's exact test were used to compare the variables between the 2 groups, including the clinical features, laboratory examination results and treatments. The Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of early relapse. The cumulative relapse rate during follow-up was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Among the 79 UC children, 46 were males and 33 were females, and the age of onset was 10.6 (6.4, 12.7) years. The children were mainly characterized by extensive disease (E3) and pancolitis (E4) (51/79, 65%), moderate to severe activity (48/79, 61%) and moderate to severe inflammation of colonic mucosa (71/79, 90%). Thirty-eight (48%) patients had atypical phenotype and 17 (22%) had extraintestinal manifestations. The follow-up period was 43.9 (22.8, 61.3) months, and of the 41 patients rechecked with colonoscopy, 7 (17%) had disease progression. According to Kaplan-Meier analysis, the cumulative relapse rate of the 79 cases at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after diagnosis were 27% (21/79), 47% (37/79), 57% (45/79) and 73% (53/73), respectively. There were 45 children (57%) in early relapse group and 34 (43%) in non-early relapse group. In early relapse group, hemoglobin and mucosal healing rate were both significantly lower (105 (87, 122) vs. 120 (104, 131) g/L, 28% (7/25) vs. 7/9, Z=-2.38, χ²=4.87, both P<0.05). The rate of steroid-dependent, E3 and step-up therapy during the induction period were all significantly higher than those in non-early relapse group (11/19 vs. 1/12, 24% (11/45) vs. 6% (2/34), 29% (13/45) vs. 6% (2/34), χ²=5.67, 4.85, 6.66, all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that extraintestinal manifestations (OR=4.33, 95%CI 1.05-17.83), E3 (OR=8.27, 95%CI 1.47-46.46) and step-up therapy during the induction period (OR=5.58, 95%CI 1.01-30.77) were independent risk factors for early relapse. Conclusions: Pediatric UC is usually extensive and severe, with atypical phenotype, a high rate of relapse and a risk of disease progression. Extraintestinal manifestations, E3 and step-up therapy during the induction period are independent risk factors for early relapse.
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The adaptation to freezing tolerance of hydrated lettuce seeds: effects of regional climate and of seed characteristics. CRYO LETTERS 2022; 43:237-245. [PMID: 36626127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With global warming, soil seed banks at high altitudes face dual challenges, excessive water absorption and thinner snow cover that increase underground temperature. A better understanding of freezing tolerance of hydrated seeds provides insights for conservation in natural soil seed banks. OBJECTIVE To understand the adaptation mechanisms of seed freezing tolerance under various climates, in relation to cooling rate and seed size. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve ecotypes of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seeds were collected from different geographical locations around the world. Seeds were fully hydrated and tested for their freezing tolerance using programmed cooling methods. RESULTS The size of seeds from different climate regions varied, and was correlated with the freezing tolerance of the hydrated seeds (P < 0.05). Larger seeds showed poorer freezing tolerance. The local climates of maternal plants were also well correlated to seed freezing tolerance (P < 0.05), especially under slow cooling conditions. The seeds collected in regions with high spring rainfall exhibited greater freezing tolerance. CONCLUSION Freezing tolerance of hydrated seeds is affected by the climate of maternal plants and by seed size. Our data revealed the existence of an adaptation mechanism of freezing tolerance among various ecotypes of lettuce seeds. doi.org/10.54680/fr22410110412.
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Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides attenuate uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC)-induced pyroptosis in macrophage cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113098. [PMID: 35594714 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are recognized as one of the most common infectious diseases worldwide, and uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the main causative agent of UTI. Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides (DOPs), the main effective ingredient in Dendrobium officinale, have been reported to possess an anti-inflammatory role. Whether DOPs can attenuate the inflammatory injury (pyroptosis) induced by UPEC remains unknown. The present study aimed to assess the protective effect and potential mechanism of DOPs in UPEC-induced pyroptosis. Cell viability of THP-1 differentiated macrophage cells with DOPs was determined using MTT assay. Pyroptosis by UPEC in macrophage cells with or not DOPs pre-treatment was evaluated with flow cytometry analysis, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, and proinflammatory cytokines secretion. Expression level of key proteins in the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pyroptotic pathway was analyzed with western blot. Furthermore the effect of DOPs on ROS activation was investigated. Results indicated that DOPs attenuated UPEC-induced cell damage in macrophage cells, inhibited the activation of NLRP3 mediated inflammasome, subsequently decreased induction and activation of caspase-1/GSDMD, and reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β et al.). Moreover, pretreatment with DOPs significantly reduces ROS production, an important/putative pyroptosis stimulus signal. These results suggested that DOPs successfully mitigate UPEC-promoted pyroptosis in macrophage cells. The protective effects of DOPs are associated with the inhibition of the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway and ROS signal activation.
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Radiotherapy-induced abscopal effect on the metastatic carcinoma of unknown primary origin: a case report and literature review. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2022; 26:4634-4637. [PMID: 35856353 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202207_29185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abscopal effect of radiotherapy refers to a clinical phenomenon that is characterized by the eradication of distant metastatic tumors following localized irradiation. Reports on the abscopal effect following pure radiotherapy have been relatively rare. CASE REPORT Herein, we reported a 70-year-old male patient, who has been subjected to swelling and pain in the left neck. Computed tomography examination presented a metastatic lymph node of the left cervical and an intra-abdominal mass which was located in hepatogastric space, upward of the pancreatic head. Histopathology of the left cervical lymph node further ensured a poorly-moderately differentiated form of squamous cell carcinoma. But the primary origin was not defined. This patient received radiotherapy on the metastatic lymph nodes of the left cervical (dose: 60 Gray in 30 fractions) only. After treatment, the pain in the left neck dramatically improved and the swelling of the radiation exposure site diminished gradually. Computed tomography examination also confirmed that the abdominal mass was significantly reduced. CONCLUSIONS The abscopal effect, in this case, may help us to get a better understanding of the impact of radiotherapy.
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[Contribution to global implementation of WHO guideline on control and elimination of human schistosomiasis by learning successful experiences from the national schistosomiasis control program in China]. ZHONGGUO XUE XI CHONG BING FANG ZHI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL 2022; 34:230-234. [PMID: 35896485 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2022114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease that seriously hinders socioeconomic developments and threatens public health security. To achieve the global elimination of schistosomiasis as a public health problem by 2030, WHO released the guideline on control and elimination of human schistosomiasis on February, 2022, with aims to provide evidence-based recommendations for schistosomiasis morbidity control, elimination of schistosomiasis as a public health problem, and ultimate interruption of schistosomiasis transmission in disease-endemic countries. Following concerted efforts for decades, great achievements have been obtained for schistosomiasis control in China where the disease was historically highly prevalent, and the country is moving towards schistosomiasis elimination. This article reviews the successful experiences from the national schistosmiasis control program in China, and summarizes their contributions to the formulation and implementation of the WHO guideline on control and elimination of human schistosomiasis. With the progress of the "Belt and Road" initiative, the world is looking forward to more China's solutions on schistosomiasis control.
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[Diagnostic efficacy of indirect haemagglutination assay for detection of Schistosoma japonicum infections among boatmen and fishermen in the Dongting Lake region]. ZHONGGUO XUE XI CHONG BING FANG ZHI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL 2022; 34:300-306. [PMID: 35896494 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2022110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of indirect haemagglutination assay (IHA) for detection of Schistosoma japonicum infections among boatmen and fishermen in Dongting Lake region, so as to provide insights into improving the schistosomiasis surveillance program among boatmen and fishermen. METHODS The boatmen and fishermen were detected for S. japonicum infections using IHA and Kato-Katz technique or miracidium hatching test nylon gauze simultaneously at schistosomiasis testing sites in the anchor sites for boatmen and fishermen in the Dongting Lake region during the period from 2014 to 2016, and using IHA for serological screening followed by parasitological testing of seropositives during the period from 2017 to 2019. The sensitivity and specificity of IHA were evaluated for detection of S. japonicum infections among boatmen and fishermen, with the 2014-2016 parasitological testing results as a gold standard. In addition, the seroprevalence of S. japonicum infections was compared among boatmen and fishermen with different characteristics and among years. RESULTS A total of 306 schistosomiasis testing sites were assigned for boatmen and fishermen, and a total of 143 360 person-time boatmen and fishermen were tested for S. japonicum infections in the Dongting Lake region from 2014 to 2019. The sensitivity and specificity of IHA were 69.9%, 97.3% and 96.1% (χ2 = 74.6, P < 0.05), and 70.9%, 74.5% and 71.9% for detection of S. japonicum infections from 2014 to 2016 (χ2 = 29.4, P < 0.05), respectively. The seroprevalence of S. japonicum infections reduced from 30.3% in 2014 to 1.8% in 2019 among boatmen and fishermen, appearing an overall tendency towards a decline (Z = 1 552.4, P < 0.05). In addition, male, individuals at ages of 45 to 60 years, full-time boatmen and fishermen were more likely to be seropositive for S. japonicum infections (all P values < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The seroprevalence of S. japonicum infections appeared a tendency towards a decline among boatmen and fishermen in the Dongting Lake region year by year from 2014 to 2019. IHA presented a high efficacy for screening of S. japonicum infections among boatmen and fishermen in the Dongting Lake region.
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[Hypoxia promotes differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into embryoid bodies in vitro]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:929-936. [PMID: 35790445 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.06.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate effects of physiological hypoxic conditions on suspension and adherence of embryoid bodies (EBs) during differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS EBs in suspension culture were divided into normoxic (21% O2) and hypoxic (5% O2) groups, and those in adherent culture were divided into normoxic, hypoxic and hypoxia + HIF-1α inhibitor (echinomycin) groups. After characterization of the pluripotency with immunofluorescence assay, the hiPSCs were digested and suspended under normoxic and hypoxic conditions for 5 days, and the formation and morphological changes of the EBs were observed microscopically; the expressions of the markers genes of the 3 germ layers in the EBs were detected. The EBs were then inoculated into petri dishes for further culture in normoxic and hypoxic conditions for another 2 days, after which the adhesion and peripheral expansion rate of the adherent EBs were observed; the changes in the expressions of HIF-1α, β-catenin and VEGFA were detected in response to hypoxic culture and echinomycin treatment. RESULTS The EBs cultured in normoxic and hypoxic conditions were all capable of differentiation into the 3 germ layers. The EBs cultured in hypoxic conditions showed reduced apoptotic debris around them with earlier appearance of cystic EBs and more uniform sizes as compared with those in normoxic culture. Hypoxic culture induced more adherent EBs than normoxic culture (P < 0.05) with also a greater outgrowth rate of the adherent EBs (P < 0.05). The EBs in hypoxic culture showed significantly up-regulated mRNA expressions of β-catenin and VEGFA (P < 0.05) and protein expressions of HIF-1 α, β-catenin and VEGFA (P < 0.05), and their protein expresisons levels were significantly lowered after treatment with echinomycin (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Hypoxia can promote the formation and maturation of suspended EBs and enhance their adherence and post-adherent proliferation without affecting their pluripotency for differentiation into all the 3 germ layers. Our results provide preliminary evidence that activation of HIF-1α/β-catenin/VEGFA signaling pathway can enhance the differentiation potential of hiPSCs.
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Polymer formulated self-amplifying RNA vaccine is partially protective against influenza virus infection in ferrets. OXFORD OPEN IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 3:iqac004. [PMID: 35996628 PMCID: PMC9384352 DOI: 10.1093/oxfimm/iqac004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has demonstrated the power of RNA vaccines as part of a pandemic response toolkit. Another virus with pandemic potential is influenza. Further development of RNA vaccines in advance of a future influenza pandemic will save time and lives. As RNA vaccines require formulation to enter cells and induce antigen expression, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a recently developed bioreducible cationic polymer, pABOL for the delivery of a self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) vaccine for seasonal influenza virus in mice and ferrets. Mice and ferrets were immunized with pABOL formulated saRNA vaccines expressing either haemagglutinin (HA) from H1N1 or H3N2 influenza virus in a prime boost regime. Antibody responses, both binding and functional were measured in serum after immunization. Animals were then challenged with a matched influenza virus either directly by intranasal inoculation or in a contact transmission model. While highly immunogenic in mice, pABOL-formulated saRNA led to variable responses in ferrets. Animals that responded to the vaccine with higher levels of influenza virus-specific neutralizing antibodies were more protected against influenza virus infection. pABOL-formulated saRNA is immunogenic in ferrets, but further optimization of RNA vaccine formulation and constructs is required to increase the quality and quantity of the antibody response to the vaccine.
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