A non-aqueous procedure to synthesize amino group bearing nanostructured organic-inorganic hybrid materials

Amino-functionalized organic-inorganic hybrid materials with a narrow distributed nanostructure of 2-4 nm in size were obtained by means of a template-free and non-aqueous procedure. Simultaneous twin polymerization of novel amino group containing twin monomers with 2,2'-spirobi[4H-1,3,2-benzodioxasiline] has been applied for this purpose. The amino groups of the organic-inorganic hybrid material are useful for post derivatization.

Preoperative identification of anomalous arterial anatomy at pancreaticoduodenectomy

The understanding of abdominal vascular anatomy and its anatomical variations is of considerable importance in upper abdominal surgery. We present the rare finding of a common hepatic artery arising from the superior mesenteric artery and passing anterior to the pancreatic gland in a patient undergoing a pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Crystal structure of [4-(2-meth-oxy-phen-yl)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-6-tri-fluoro-methyl-1H-pyrazolo-[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl](thio-phen-2-yl)methanone

The title compound, C26H18F3N3O2S, a 2-meth-oxy-substituted derivative, is closely related to its 4-methyl- and 4-chloro-substituted analogues and yet displays no structural relationships with them. The thio-phene ring is disorder free and the -CF3 group exhibits disorder, respectively, in contrast and similar to that observed in the 4-methyl- and 4-chloro-substituted derivatives. The torsion angle which defines the twist of the thio-phene ring is -69.6 (2)° (gauche) in the title compound, whereas it is anti-clinal in the 4-methyl- and 4-chloro-substituted derivatives, with respective values of 99.9 (2) and 99.3 (2)°. The absence of disorder in the thio-phene ring facilitates one of its ring C atoms to participate in the lone inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bond present in the crystal, leading to a characteristic C(5) chain graph-set motif linking mol-ecules related through glides along [010]. An intra-moleculr C-H⋯N hydrogen bond also occurs.

Implementation of fluidized granulated iron reactors in a chromate remediation process

A new approach concerning in-situ remediation on source ('hot-spot') decontamination of a chromate damage in connection with an innovative pump-and-treat-technique has been developed. Iron granulates show significant higher reduction rates, using fluidized bed conditions, than a literature study with a fixed bed installation of small-sized iron granules. First results from an abandoned tannery site concerning injections of sodium dithionite as a chromate reductant for the vadose zone in combination with a pump-and-treat-method, allying the advantages of granulated zero valent iron (ZVI), are reported. Reduction amounts of chromate have been found up to 88% compared with initial values in the soil after a soil water exchange of 8 pore volumes within 2.5 months. Chromate concentrations in the pumped effluent have been reduced to under the detection limit of 0.005 mg/L by treatment with ZVI in the pilot plant.

[Methods for analysis of protein-protein and protein-ligand interactions]

In order to maintain cellular homeostasis, cellular proteins coexist in complex and variable molecular assemblies. Therefore, understanding of major physiological processes at molecular level is based on analysis of protein-protein interaction networks. Firstly, composition of the molecular assembly has to be qualitatively analyzed. In the next step, quantitative bio-chemical properties of the identified protein-protein interactions are determined. Detailed information about the protein-protein interaction interface can be obtained by crystallographic methods. Accordingly, the insight into the molecular architecture of these protein-protein complexes allows us to rationally design new synthetic compounds that specifically influence various physiological or pathological processes by targeted modulation of protein interactions. This review is focused on description of the most used methods applied in both qualitative and quantitative analysis of protein-protein interactions. Co- immunoprecipitation and affinity co- precipitation are basic methods designed for qualitative analysis of protein binding partners. Further bio-chemical analysis of the interaction requires definition of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is used for description of affinity and kinetic profile of the interaction, fluorescence polarization (FP) method for fast determination of inhibition potential of inhibitors and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) for definition of thermodynamic parameters of the interaction (G, H and S). Besides the importance of uncovering the molecular basis of protein interactions for basic research, the same methodological approaches open new possibilities in rational design of novel therapeutic agents.

Dipolmomente der 1.2-Di-(pyridyl)-äthene / Dipole Moments of 1,2-Dipyridyl-ethylenes

The dipole moments of the six isomeric trans-1,2-dipyridyl-ethylenes were measured in benzene at room temperature. As some dipyridyl-ethylenes can exist in several different conformations the dipole moments are mean values for all conformations. It is shown that the dipole moments of the individual conformations can be computed of the dipole moment vectors of the pyridine nuclei.

Diffusion von HT, DT und T2 in H2 und D2 bei 24 °C

Der Diffusionskoeffizient D von HT-, DT- und T2-Spuren in H2 und D2 bei 24 °C und 1 Atm. wurde gemessen. Es zeigen sich Abweichungen vom D ∼ µ-½-Gesetz (µ = reduzierte Masse der Diffusionspartner), sie sind aber zum Teil erheblich kleiner als nach anderen diesjährigen Publikationen. Durch eine Ausgleichsrechnung ergeben sich aus unseren 6 gemessenen D-Werten die drei Koeffizienten der Darstellung

2(√µ D)III =0,111 mIII + 0,049(m13 2—m24 2) +0,083(mAC 2+mBD 2 —mAC 2—mbd 2) Dabei ist generell xik = (xi —xk) / (xi+xk). I und II bezeichnen Gemische und 1, 2, 3 und 4 bezeichnen Moleküle. Für die Massen gilt m1=mA+mC, m3=mB+mD, m2=ma+mc, m4=mb+md, mI=m1+m3, mII=m2+m4. Im Zusammenhang mit den Abweichungen vom D ∼ μ-½-Gesetz werden die aus den Molekülspektren berechneten Unterschiede der Kernabstände, die Aussagen des Modells der rauhen Kugeln und die Beiträge der zweiten Näherung der kinetischen Gastheorie diskutiert.

Dipolmomente der Phenanthroline / Dipole-Moments of Phenanthrolines

Dipole moments of the ten isomeric phenanthrolines are presented and discussed shortly. They could be computed in a close approximation from the dipole moment vectors of the individual pyridine nuclei. Dipole moments calculated by means of the CNDO/2-method are in agreement with the experimental data.

m-Hydroxyphenylglycin und 3.5-Dihydroxyphenylglycin, zwei neue Aminosäuren aus dem Latex von Euphorbia helioscopia L

Aus dem Latex des annuellen Ackerunkrautes Euphorbia helioscopia L. konnten zwei unbekannte, proteinfremde Aminosäuren isoliert werden. Durch chemische Abbauversuche, Auswertung von Spektren und Synthese wurden die Verbindungen als m-Hydroxyphenylglycin und 3.5-Dihydroxyphenylglycin charakterisiert.

Combining low-energy electron microscopy and scanning probe microscopy techniques for surface science: development of a novel sample-holder

We introduce an experimental facility dedicated to surface science that combines Low-Energy Electron Microscopy/Photo-Electron Emission Microscopy (LEEM/PEEM) and variable-temperature Scanning Probe Microscopy techniques. A technical challenge has been to design a sample-holder that allows to exploit the complementary specifications of both microscopes and to preserve their optimal functionality. Experimental demonstration is reported by characterizing under ultrahigh vacuum with both techniques: Au(111) surface reconstruction and a two-layer thick graphene on 6H-SiC(0001). A set of macros to analyze LEEM/PEEM data extends the capabilities of the setup.

Wrinkling of random and regular semiflexible polymer networks

We investigate wrinkling of two-dimensional random and triangular semiflexible polymer networks under shear. Both types of semiflexible networks exhibit wrinkling above a small critical shear angle, which scales with an exponent of the bending modulus between 1.9 and 2.0. Random networks exhibit hysteresis at the wrinkling threshold. Wrinkling lowers the total elastic energy by up to 20% and strongly affects the elastic properties of all semiflexible networks such as the crossover between bending and stretching dominated behavior. In random networks, we also find evidence for metastable wrinkled configurations. While the disordered microstructure of random networks affects the scaling behavior of wrinkle amplitudes, it has little effect on wrinkle wavelength. Therefore, wrinkles represent a robust, microstructure-independent assay of shear strain or elastic properties.

Twisting and piezochromism of phenylene-ethynylenes with aromatic interactions between side chains and main chains

This paper describes a series of three-ring phenylene-ethynylenes (PEs) in which specific, non-covalent arene–arene interactions control conformation in the solid-state.

A Bayesian changepoint analysis of ChIP-Seq data of Lamin B

The spatial organisation of the chromosomes in the nucleus is influenced by chromatin regions binding to the nucleic lamina, i.e., the inner part of the nucleic envelope. To investigate the architecture of chromosomes in the interphase nucleus, it is thus of high interest to detect such chromatin segments. This goal can be achieved by considering the fibrous protein Lamin B as a surrogate, since regions of high abundance of Lamin B can indicate chromatin segments attached to the nucleic lamina. We analyse ChIP-Seq (Chromatin-Immunoprecipitation Sequencing) data from an experiment that is designed to record Lamin B abundance. We introduce a Bayesian segmentation procedure in which a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm is used for inference about the desired segmentation. The procedure is based on a Bayesian hierarchical model. Inference allows the distinction between regions of high versus low levels of Lamin B, and therefore, gives an insight into the binding of the chromatin to the nucleic envelope. An implementation of this approach is available in the statistical software environment R. This article is part of a special issue entitled: Computational proteomics in the post-identification era. Guest Editors: Martin Eisenacher and Christian Stephan.

Heralded photonic interaction between distant single ions

We establish a heralded interaction between two remotely trapped single (40)Ca(+) ions through the exchange of single photons. In the sender ion, we release single photons with a controlled temporal shape on the P(3/2) to D(5/2) transition and transmit them to the distant receiver ion. Individual absorption events in the receiver ion are detected by quantum jumps. For continuously generated photons, the absorption reduces significantly the lifetime of the long-lived D(5/2) state. For triggered single-photon transmission, we observe a coincidence between the emission at the sender and quantum jump events at the receiver.