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Liu C, Zhang S, Zhang J, Liang Q, Li D. Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oil from berries ofSchisandra chinensis(Turcz.) Baill. Nat Prod Res 2012; 26:2199-203. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2011.636745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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77
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Wen C, Liang Q, Yi Z, Wan W. Erdheim-Chester disease in a child. W INDIAN MED J 2012; 61:834-837. [PMID: 23757907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare systemic non-Langerhans histiocytosis that affects multiple organ systems. It occurs more often in adults, and paediatric ECD is extremely rare. The diagnosis of ECD can be established based on clinical presentations and imaging but the final diagnosis should be based on biopsy. Treatment of ECD has involved the use of corticosteroids, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, yet the efficacy of these treatments is difficult to determine. At present, it is thought that the treatment of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) is safe and effective for ECD. Herein, we report on an 11-year old girl who was admitted to hospital because of systemic bone pain and limping, and the final diagnosis of ECD was based on evidence provided by her clinical presentation, imaging and biopsy of a lesion of the right ilium. The patient was treated with subcutaneous IFN-alpha at a dosage of 3 x 10(6) units three times weekly for 19 months. We thought that the treatment of IFN-alpha was safe and effective for the girl's clinical manifestations, and IFN-alpha might be a valuable first-line therapy for paediatric ECD.
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Qiao W, Stephan D, Hasselbeck M, Liang Q, Dekorsy T. Low-temperature THz time domain waveguide spectrometer with butt-coupled emitter and detector crystal. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:19769-19777. [PMID: 23037029 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.019769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A compact high-resolution THz time-domain waveguide spectrometer that is operated inside a cryostat is demonstrated. A THz photo-Dember emitter and a ZnTe electro-optic detection crystal are directly attached to a parallel copper-plate waveguide. This allows the THz beam to be excited and detected entirely inside the cryostat, obviating the need for THz-transparent windows or external THz mirrors. Since no external bias for the emitter is required, no electric feed-through into the cryostat is necessary. Using asynchronous optical sampling, high resolution THz spectra are obtained in the frequency range from 0.2 to 2.0 THz. The THz emission from the photo-Dember emitter and the absorption spectrum of 1,2-dicyanobenzene film are measured as a function of temperature. An absorption peak around 750 GHz of 1,2-dicyanobenzene displays a blue shift with increasing temperature.
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Liang Q, DeWerd L. WE-A-218-11: Investigation of Image Extrapolation Methods to Improve Accuracy of CT Dose Calculations Based on Patient CT Images. Med Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4736080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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80
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Copeland B, Ellmore T, Beurlot M, Liang Q, Suescun J, Furr-Stimming E, Castriotta R, Schiess M. Region of Interest Measurements of Structural Volumes in Patients with Parkinson's Disease, Atypical Parkinsonism, and REM Sleep Behavior Disorder: Baseline Measurements from a Prospective Longitudinal Study (P06.076). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p06.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Lin B, Lu Y, Wang J, Liang Q, Liu J. The effects of combined essential oils along with fumarate on rumen fermentation and methane production in vitro. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2012. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/66064/2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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82
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Wang C, Wu H, He F, Jing X, Liang Q, Heng G, Wang L, Gao G, Zhang H. Alleviation of Ferric Chloride-Induced Seizures and Retarded Behaviour in Epileptic Rats by Cortical Electrical Stimulation Treatment. J Int Med Res 2012; 40:266-81. [PMID: 22429366 DOI: 10.1177/147323001204000127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of low-frequency cortical electrical stimulation (CES) on seizures and behaviour in a rat model of epilepsy induced by ferric chloride (FeCl3). METHODS: Rats were randomly assigned into four groups ( n = 8 per group): normal healthy rats; saline-treated control rats; FeCl3-induced epileptic rats; CES-treated FeCl3-induced epileptic rats. Behavioural tests, analysis of the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein in brain tissue, and ultrastructural studies using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were undertaken. RESULTS: CES significantly decreased the number and grade of seizures, and improved rat behaviour, compared with untreated epileptic rats. CES reduced levels of BDNF protein in the forebrain and increased levels of BDNF protein in the hippocampus compared with untreated epileptic rats. TEM showed less damage and ultrastructural changes in the neurons of CES-treated epileptic rats. CONCLUSIONS: CES inhibited seizures in FeCl3-induced epileptic rats and improved their behaviour. These effects might be mediated by altering BDNF protein levels in the brain.
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Lin B, Wang JH, Lu Y, Liang Q, Liu JX. In vitro rumen fermentation and methane production are influenced by active components of essential oils combined with fumarate. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2011; 97:1-9. [PMID: 21966888 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2011.01236.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Two trials were conducted to identify the optimal levels of essential oil active components (EOAC) and their combination with fumarate on in vitro rumen fermentation. In trial 1, eugenol, carvacrol, citral and cinnamaldehyde were mixed at ratios of 1:2:3:4, 2:1:4:3, 3:4:1:2, 4:3:2:1 and 1:1:1:1 to make up five combinations (EOAC1, EOAC2, EOAC3, EOAC4 and EOAC5 respectively). The mixtures were supplied at levels of 0, 50, 200 or 500 mg/l to identify the optimal combination for methane reduction. Methane production and ammonia nitrogen were decreased by adding EOAC, irrespective of component compounds, but the production of gas and total volatile fatty acids (VFA) were also decreased. Hydrogen balance analysis indicated that the ratio of hydrogen consumed via methane to hydrogen consumed via VFA was lowest at 200 mg/l of EOAC5 treatment, from which the proportional change in methane was more than the change in VFA, with 31.5% of methane reduction and 12.9% of VFA reduction. In trial 2, 200 mg/l of EOAC5 was added with 0, 5, 10 and 15 mm monosodium fumarate to see whether fumarate had a further effect on rumen fermentation. The addition of fumarate had no influence on gas production, but it further decreased methane and increased the total VFA in comparison with EOAC added solely, with the greatest decrease occurring in methane (78.1%) from 10 mm of fumarate. Quantification of the microbial populations in rumen fluids by RT-PCR showed that methanogen, protozoa, fungi, Fibrobacter succinogenes and Ruminococcus flavefaciens populations were significantly decreased by EOAC5, but were not influenced by fumarate. In summary, the addition of EOAC had consistent effects on rumen fermentation parameters, but high levels of EOAC would induce the inhibition of rumen fermentation. Adding fumarate can enhance the methane-inhibiting effect of EOAC, and the decrease was higher than that calculated stoichiometrically.
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Wang Y, Liang Q, Szeto GPY, Chan CCH. Effects on cardiovascular response, perceived stress and cervical muscle activation during physical and mental conditions in computer users. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300867.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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85
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Liang Q, DeWerd L. SU-E-I-72: Evaluation of CTDIw under the New Scan Modes of GE HD 750 Scanner. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3611645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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86
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Alam R, Goplen N, Liang Q, Germinaro M, Karim Z. Differential Expression of MAPK Activators and Phosphatases in Acute, Chronic and Tolerant Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.12.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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87
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Zhang Z, Liang XF, Su MQ, Liang Q, Li LP, Zhang XH, Wang XM, Zhu X. Pharmacokinetics of dl-praeruptorin A after single-dose intravenous administration to rats with liver cirrhosis. Daru 2011; 19:210-5. [PMID: 22615659 PMCID: PMC3232105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Revised: 05/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY As a novel drug in the treatment of cardiac diseases, dl-praeruptorin A (Pd-Ia) is the major active component of traditional herbal medicine Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn and is metabolized primarily via cytochrome P450 isozymes (CYP) 3A1 and 3A2 in rats. In the present study, the influence of liver cirrhosis on pharmacokinetics of Pd-Ia and hepatic mRNA expression of CYP3A1 and 3A2 in rats with experimental liver cirrhosis (LC rats) were evaluated. METHODS Pd-Ia was given intravenously (5 mg kg(-1)) to LC rats induced by dimethylnitrosamine and pharmacokinetic variables were measured. Enzyme kinetic metabolism of Pd-Ia in rat hepatic microsomes was also investigated and hepatic mRNA expression of CYP3A1 and 3A2 were measured by real-time PCR. RESULTS AND MAJOR CONCLUSION After intravenous administration in LC rats, the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC0-8) was significantly greater than that in control rats, which might be due to slower rate of the hepatic blood flow and significant slower hepatic intrinsic clearance (CL(int)) in rats. The decreased metabolic clearance of Pd-Ia in LC rats might be at least partly caused by the decreased levels of CYP3A1 and 3A2 responsible for Pd-Ia metabolism. These findings may provide new insights into the inter- and intra-individual pharmacokinetic variability of Pd-Ia.
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88
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Zou N, Liang Q, He H, Liu J, Ji A, Nelson AM, Chu WS. Ultrasound-facilitated formalin fixation of biological specimens. Biotech Histochem 2010; 86:413-20. [PMID: 20854223 DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2010.518830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous study, we showed that ultrasound can dramatically reduce the time required for tissue fixation in formalin. It generally is believed that ultrasound increases the speed of tissue fixation in two possible ways: 1) increasing the speed of penetration of fixative molecules into tissue samples and 2) increasing the speed of cross-linking reactions. We addressed here the second possible way by using protein solutions and cultured cells, which minimized the effects of the penetration factor. Proteins or cultured cells in solution were fixed with formalin with or without ultrasound irradiation. Fixed proteins and cell lysates then were separated by SDS-poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis and subjected to Western blotting to examine cross-linking formation in certain proteins. Unexpectedly, irradiation with ultrasound did not produce an observable difference in the rate of cross-linking in protein solutions. In similar experiments using cultured cells, however, we observed a significant reduction in recovery of certain proteins from cells fixed by formalin under the influence of ultrasound, which indicated that the ultrasound fixation procedure accelerated cross-linking formation within cells. Studies on protein and cell fixation without ultrasound showed that cross-linking formation was closely related to incubation temperature, which indicates that the heating function, which is inherently associated with ultrasound is another major factor in the ability of ultrasound to accelerate cross-linking.
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Unverdorben M, Mostert A, Munjal S, van der Bijl A, Potgieter L, Venter C, Liang Q, Meyer B, Roethig HJ. Acute effects of cigarette smoking on pulmonary function. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2010; 57:241-6. [PMID: 20233598 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2009.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic smoking related changes in pulmonary function are reflected as accelerated decrease in FEV1 although histologic changes occur in the peripheral bronchi earlier. More sensitive pulmonary function parameters might mirror those early changes and might show a dose response. METHODS In a randomized three-period cross-over design 57 male adult conventional cigarette (CC)-smokers (age: 45.1+/-7.1 years) smoked either CC (tar:11 mg, nicotine:0.8 mg, carbon monoxide:11 mg [Federal Trade Commission (FTC)]), or used as a potential reduced-exposure product the electrically heated smoking system (EHCSS) (tar:5 mg, nicotine:0.3 mg, carbon monoxide:0.45 mg (FTC)) or did not smoke (NS). After each 3-day exposure period, hematology and exposure parameters were determined preceding body plethysmography. RESULTS Cigarette smoke exposure was significantly (p<0.0001) higher in CC than in EHCSS and in NS: (carboxyhemoglobin: CC: 6.4+/-1.9%; EHCSS: 1.3+/-0.6%; NS: 0.5+/-0.3%; serum nicotine: CC: 18.9+/-7.4 ng/ml; EHCSS: 8.4+/-4.3 ng/ml; NS: 1.2+/-1.6 ng/ml). Significantly lower in CC than in EHCSS and NS were specific airway conductance (0.22+/-0.09; 0.25+/-0.12; 0.25+/-0.1 1/cmH(2)O x s; CC vs EHCSS: p<0.05; CC vs NS: p<0.01), forced expiratory flow 25% (7.6+/-1.7; 7.8+/-1.7; 7.9+/-1.7 L/s; CC vs EHCSS or NS: p<0.01). Thoracic gas volume (5.1+/-1; 5+/-1.1; 5+/-1.1L/min) changed insignificantly. CONCLUSION The data indicate acute and reversible effects of cigarette smoke exposures and no-smoking on mid to small size pulmonary airways in a dose dependent manner.
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Liang Q, Davis S, DeWerd L. SU-GG-T-285: Combined Effect of Intrinsic Energy Dependence and Intrinsic Linearity on TLD-100 Response to Moderately Filtered 50 KVp X-Ray Spectra Relative to 60Co. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3468679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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92
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Li Y, Liang Q, Wen YQ, Chen LL, Wang LT, Liu YL, Luo CQ, Liang HZ, Li MT, Li Z. Comparative proteomics analysis of human osteosarcomas and benign tumor of bone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 198:97-106. [PMID: 20362224 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2009] [Revised: 01/02/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We conducted comparative proteomic analysis of osteosarcoma, with hopes of identifying the specific protein markers of osteosarcoma and improve the understanding of tumorigenesis and progression of osteosarcoma. Proteins extracted from osteosarcoma tissue and benign bone tumors, including osteoblastoma, chondroblastoma, and giant cell tumor of bone, were examined using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry analysis and database searches. We also validated the expression levels of interesting proteins by Western blotting assay and immunohistochemical staining. Intensity alterations of 30 spots were detected in osteosarcoma, and 18 of these spots were finally identified, including 12 up-regulated proteins and 6 down-regulated ones. The up-regulated proteins include VIM, TUBA1C, ZNF133, EZR, ACTG1, TF, and so on. The six down-regulated proteins include ADCY1, ATP5B, TUBB, RCN3, ACTB, and YWHAZ. Subsequent immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting assay for TUBA1C and ZNF133 in osteosarcoma samples confirmed the observation obtained by proteomic analysis. Our results suggest that these identified proteins may be potential biomarkers for osteosarcoma tumorigenesis and therapeutics. Aberrant expression of cytoskeletal- and microtubule-associated proteins in osteosarcoma may provide an advantage for tumor invasion and metastasis by affecting the stability of microtubule, which consequently influences the prognosis of patients.
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Ostroukhova M, Liang Q, Goplen N, Alam R. Switching of Glucose Metabolism from Oxidative Phosphorylation to Aerobic Glycolysis (the Warburg Effect) in T-Cells from Patients with Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.12.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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94
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Wang YB, Liu DS, Pan TH, Liang Q, Huang XH, Wu ST, Huang CC. Structural variation from 1D to 3D: effect of metal centers on the construction of metal–organic coordination polymers with N-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)benzamide ligand. CrystEngComm 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c003502e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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95
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Liang Q. Nephrotoxicity study of Aristolochia fangchi in rats by metabonomics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 7:746-52. [DOI: 10.3736/jcim20090808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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96
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Liang Q, DeWerd L. SU-FF-T-279: The Influence of Readout Parameters On the TL Dose Response of TLD-100. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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97
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Gogate S, Liang Q, Hanifi A, Gorska M, Alam R. T cells from Allergic Asthmatic Patients are Inherently Resistant to nTreg and TGFβ-mediated Suppression: the Importance of the ERK1/2 of Signaling Pathway. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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98
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Feng S, Roethig HJ, Liang Q, Kinser R, Jin Y, Scherer G, Urban M, Engl J, Riedel K. Evaluation of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene,S-phenylmercapturic acid,trans,trans-muconic acid, 3-methyladenine, 3-ethyladenine, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and thioethers as biomarkers of exposure to cigarette smoke. Biomarkers 2008; 11:28-52. [PMID: 16484135 DOI: 10.1080/13547500500399730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the utility of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA), trans,trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA), 3-methyladenine (3-MeAd), 3-ethyladenine (3-EtAd), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and thioethers as biomarkers for assessing the exposure in adult smokers who switched from smoking conventional cigarettes to candidate potential reduced exposure products (PREP) or who stopped smoking. Two electrically heated smoking systems (EHCSS) were used as prototype cigarettes that have significant reductions in a number of mainstream smoke constituents as measured by smoking machines relative to those from conventional cigarettes. Urine samples were collected from a randomized, controlled, forced-switching study in which 110 adult smokers of a conventional cigarette brand (CC1) were randomly assigned to five study groups. The groups included the CC1 smoking group, a lower-tar conventional cigarette (CC2) smoking group, EHCSS1 group, EHCSS2 group and a no smoking group that were monitored for 8 days. Biomarkers were measured at baseline and day 8. The daily excretion levels of these biomarkers were compared among the groups before and after switching, and the relationships between the daily excretion levels of these biomarkers and cigarette smoking-related exposure were investigated using Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple regression analyses. It was concluded that under controlled study conditions: (1) 1-OHP, S-PMA and t,t-MA are useful biomarkers that could differentiate exposure between smoking conventional and EHCSS cigarettes or between smoking conventional cigarettes and no smoking; between S-PMA and t,t-MA, the former appeared to be more sensitive; (2) 3-MeAd could only differentiate between smoking conventional cigarettes and no smoking; the results for 3-EtAd were not conclusive because contradictory results were observed; (3) 8-OHdG had a questionable association with smoking and therefore the utility of this biomarker for smoking-related exposure could not be established; and (4) urinary excretion of thioethers as a biomarker lacked sensitivity to demonstrate a clear dose-response relationship in conventional cigarette smokers, although it could differentiate the excretion levels between those subjects who smoked a conventional cigarette and those who stopped smoking.
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Li W, Jia D, Wang JL, Liang Q, Jian Z, Wang XL, He S, Gao G. Deterministic Dynamics in Neuronal Discharge from Pallidotomy Targets. J Int Med Res 2008; 36:979-85. [PMID: 18831891 DOI: 10.1177/147323000803600514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-linear dynamic specificity of the firing pattern discharged from neurons of the internal globus pallidus (GPi) was investigated by recording their spontaneous firing using a microelectrode during posteroventral pallidotomy in eight patients with Parkinson's disease. Raw data from the cells were processed to extract spiking events (discharges above a selected threshold) and the interspike interval was measured. Using the unstable periodic orbits extraction method, significant period-1, −2 and −3 orbits were identified in burst firing discharged from the GPi cells in all eight patients, suggesting that deterministic dynamics exist in the timing of the discharges. As well as providing a useful peri-operative technique for locating posteroventral pallidotomy targets in Parkinson's disease, this method also provides a promising basis for investigating characteristic neuronal discharges in other regions of the brain and for various other neurological disorders.
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Wang J, Zhao Z, Liang Q, Wang X, Chang C, Wang J, Gao G. The Nucleus Accumbens Core has a More Important Role in Resisting Reactivation of Extinguished Conditioned Place Preference in Morphine-addicted Rats. J Int Med Res 2008; 36:673-81. [DOI: 10.1177/147323000803600408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the roles of the core and shell subfields of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in drug- or foot-shock-induced reactivation of extinguished conditioned place preference (CPP) in morphine-addicted rats. Rats were given electrolytic lesions to either the core or shell after CPP was established. After surgery, a reduction of CPP scores to morphine was observed in all groups. During the reacquisition of morphine-seeking behaviour, rats in the shell and sham lesion groups regained their CPP, while the CPP in core lesion rats remained severely impaired. Similarly, foot-shock-induced reactivation of CPP in the core lesion group was significantly lower than that of the shell and sham lesion groups, and there was no significant difference between these latter groups. Our results demonstrate that NAc core and shell lesions elicited dissociable effects on reactivation of extinguished CPP in rats, suggesting that the NAc core might play a more important role in resisting reactivation of extinguished CPP in morphine-addicted rats.
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