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Marjanovic EJ, Southern HN, Coates P, Adams JE, Walsh T, Horner K, Devlin H. Do patients with osteoporosis have an increased prevalence of periodontal disease? A cross-sectional study. Osteoporos Int 2013; 24:1973-9. [PMID: 23340948 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-012-2246-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The study examined if women with osteoporosis were at increased risk of periodontal disease. Three hundred eighty females aged 45-65 years with recent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans of the spine and proximal femur agreed to a dental examination. No association was established between the presence of severe periodontal disease and osteoporosis. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study is to determine whether patients with osteoporosis have an increased severity and extent of periodontal disease, taking full account of confounding factors. METHODS Volunteer dentate women (45-65 years), who had undergone recent DXA of the femur and lumbar spine, received a clinical examination of their periodontal tissues by a single trained operator who was blind to the subject's osteoporosis status. Clinical examinations were performed within 6 months of the DXA. Basic Periodontal Examination score, gingival bleeding score, periodontal pocket depth, recession and calculus were the periodontal outcome measures. Potential confounding factors were recorded. Logistic regression was performed for the dichotomous outcome measure of severe periodontal disease (present or absent) with osteoporotic status, adjusting for confounding factors. RESULTS There were 380 dentate participants for whom DXA data were available. Of these, 98 had osteoporosis. When compared with osteoporotic subjects, those with normal bone mineral density were significantly younger (p = 0.01), had a higher body mass index (p = 0.03) and had more teeth (p = 0.01). The prevalence of severe periodontal disease in the sample was 39 %. The unadjusted odds ratio for the association between osteoporosis and severe periodontal disease was 1.21 (0.76 to 1.93). The adjusted odds ratio analysis including other covariates (age, smoking, hormone replacement therapy, alcohol) was 0.99 (0.61 to 1.61). CONCLUSION No association was established between the presence of severe periodontal disease and osteoporosis.
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Morrison KE, Dhariwal S, Hornabrook R, Savage L, Burn DJ, Khoo TK, Kelly J, Murphy CL, Al-Chalabi A, Dougherty A, Leigh PN, Wijesekera L, Thornhill M, Ellis CM, O'Hanlon K, Panicker J, Pate L, Ray P, Wyatt L, Young CA, Copeland L, Ealing J, Hamdalla H, Leroi I, Murphy C, O'Keeffe F, Oughton E, Partington L, Paterson P, Rog D, Sathish A, Sexton D, Smith J, Vanek H, Dodds S, Williams TL, Steen IN, Clarke J, Eziefula C, Howard R, Orrell R, Sidle K, Sylvester R, Barrett W, Merritt C, Talbot K, Turner MR, Whatley C, Williams C, Williams J, Cosby C, Hanemann CO, Iman I, Philips C, Timings L, Crawford SE, Hewamadduma C, Hibberd R, Hollinger H, McDermott C, Mils G, Rafiq M, Shaw PJ, Taylor A, Waines E, Walsh T, Addison-Jones R, Birt J, Hare M, Majid T. Lithium in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (LiCALS): a phase 3 multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol 2013; 12:339-45. [PMID: 23453347 PMCID: PMC3610091 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(13)70037-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Lithium has neuroprotective effects in cell and animal models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and a small pilot study in patients with ALS showed a significant effect of lithium on survival. We aimed to assess whether lithium improves survival in patients with ALS. Methods The lithium carbonate in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (LiCALS) trial is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral lithium taken daily for 18 months in patients with ALS. Patients aged at least 18 years who had ALS according to the revised El Escorial criteria, had disease duration between 6 and 36 months, and were taking riluzole were recruited from ten centres in the UK. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either lithium or matched placebo tablets. Randomisation was via an online system done at the level of the individual by block randomisation with randomly varying block sizes, stratified by study centre and site of disease onset (limb or bulbar). All patients and assessing study personnel were masked to treatment assignment. The primary endpoint was the rate of survival at 18 months and was analysed by intention to treat. This study is registered with Eudract, number 2008-006891-31. Findings Between May 26, 2009, and Nov 10, 2011, 243 patients were screened, 214 of whom were randomly assigned to receive lithium (107 patients) or placebo (107 patients). Two patients discontinued treatment and one died before the target therapeutic lithium concentration could be achieved. 63 (59%) of 107 patients in the placebo group and 54 (50%) of 107 patients in the lithium group were alive at 18 months. The survival functions did not differ significantly between groups (Mantel-Cox log-rank χ2 on 1 df=1·64; p=0·20). After adjusting for study centre and site of onset using logistic regression, the relative odds of survival at 18 months (lithium vs placebo) was 0·71 (95% CI 0·40–1·24). 56 patients in the placebo group and 61 in the lithium group had at least one serious adverse event. Interpretation We found no evidence of benefit of lithium on survival in patients with ALS, but nor were there safety concerns, which had been identified in previous studies with less conventional designs. This finding emphasises the importance of pursuing adequately powered trials with clear endpoints when testing new treatments. Funding The Motor Neurone Disease Association of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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Cheang MCU, Parker J, DeSchryver K, Snider J, Walsh T, Davies S, Prat A, Vickery T, Reed J, Zehnbauer B, Leung S, Voduc D, Nielsen T, Mardis E, Bernard P, Perou C, Ellis M. Abstract P6-07-10: Luminal A vs. Basal-like Breast Cancer: time dependent changes in the risk of relapse in the absence of treatment. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-p6-07-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Numerous retrospective analyses of prospective randomized clinical trials of patients treated with adjuvant tamoxifen and chemotherapy have demonstrated that the breast cancer intrinsic subtype Luminal A tumors generally have favorable early initial outcomes, while basal-like tumors are associated with a marked risk of early relapse. To determine the extended natural history of the intrinsic subtypes across two decades of follow up the PAM50 “non-commercial open source bioinformatics” qPCR assay was conducted on node negative tumors accrued through the Cooperative Breast Cancer Tissue Registry (CBCTR) from patients who did not receive systemic therapy.
Methods: Intrinsic subtype calls were obtained from 331 CBCTR cases treated with local interventions only. Tumors were classified into Luminal A (LumA), Luminal B (LumB), HER2-enriched (HER2-E) and Basal-like (BLBC), and correlated relapse-free (RFS). Patient survival and hazard rate were estimated using Kaplan-Meier plots and log-rank test. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to determine the significance of the intrinsic subtypes, adjusted with standard clinicopathological variables including tumor size, age at diagnosis, grade, radiation therapy treatment, centralized reviewed estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor 2 status measured by immunohistochemistry. Patients were diagnosed from 1978 to 1992, with a mean follow-up time of 13 years (range 0.5–31).
Results: Of the 331 tumors tested, 51% of cases were classified as LumA, 18% as LumB, 11% as HER2-E and 20% as BLBC. Although LumA was associated with the best outcome for the first 10-year of follow-up, the final number of RFS events were eventually comparable with those observed for BLBC with prolonged follow up (Table 1). In the multivariable Cox model, only BLBC tumors were associated with worse prognosis than LumA with borderline significance (Hazard ratio: 2.0 (95% CI 0.9–5), p = 0.07). BLBC had the highest hazard rates for the first 5 years (7% at first year to 5% at 5 yr), consistent with previous observations. Interestingly, in the absence of treatment, the slow growing LumA subtype had a gradual increase of hazard for an RFS event from 3% at 5 yrs to 4% at 10 yrs to 7% at 20 yrs. The hazard rates of LumA cross with those of BLBC at 10 years.
Conclusions: Basal-like breast cancers are associated with an early risk of relapse that decreases over time. In contrast, Luminal A breast cancer has a low risk of relapse at the outset but the risk of relapse increases over time and is responsible of the majority of the RFS events after 20 years of follow up. Luminal A breast cancers are therefore not truly low risk, particularly if they do not receive endocrine therapy; and may experience the consequences of inadequate treatment decades after diagnosis.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-07-10.
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Cooley SM, Donnelly JC, Walsh T, Kirkham C, Gillan J, Geary MP. Ponderal index (PI) vs birth weight centiles in the low-risk primigravid population: which is the better predictor of fetal wellbeing? J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2012; 32:439-43. [PMID: 22663314 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2012.667172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to compare Ponderal index (PI) with birth weight centiles as predictors of perinatal morbidity and to determine which best reflects the presence of placental disease. We prospectively recruited 1,011 low-risk primigravidas and calculated PI and birth weight centiles following delivery. Perinatal morbidity was defined as: pre-term birth (PTB); fetal acidosis; an Apgar score <7 at 5 min or neonatal resuscitation. Placental disease was defined as chronic uteroplacental insufficiency (CUPI); villous dysmaturity; infection or vascular pathology. Ponderal index was statistically reduced (25.33 vs 27.79 p =0.001) and the incidence of infant birth weight <9th centile was statistically higher (11.1% vs 5.1%; p =0.004) in cases with PTB and in CUPI (26.23 vs 27.84; p =0.001 and 28.2.1% vs 10.4%; p =0.002). Both PI and infant birth weight centile <9th centile for gestational age correlate with PTB, however overall, both are poor predictors of neonatal and placental disease.
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Napier RJ, Spence D, Diamond O, O'Brien S, Walsh T, Beverland DE. Modifiable factors delaying early discharge following primary joint arthroplasty. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND TRAUMATOLOGY 2012; 23:665-9. [PMID: 23412186 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-012-1053-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Recent NHS reforms have incentivised reduction in length of stay, with the UK department of health expecting health trusts to reduce bed days and ultimately reduce overall costs. The aim of this study was to identify avoidable causes for protracted hospital admission following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) within a fast-track unit. METHODS During a 6-month period, 535 consecutive patients underwent primary THA or TKA under the care of a single surgeon. All patients with a post-operative stay of greater than 72 h were identified, and reasons for delayed discharge were determined. RESULTS The majority of arthroplasty patients were discharged within 3 days post-operatively. Twenty-one per cent of THA patients and 25 % of TKA patients remained as inpatients for greater than 72 h. For the THA population, this equates to 43 % of bed days used by 21 % of patients, and for the TKA population, 44 % of bed days were used by 25 % of patients. The major factor within both groups for delayed discharge was attributed to inadequate social support. CONCLUSIONS Delayed discharge can never be totally prevented. This unit aims to develop improvement in social work provision, with a greater focus on pre-admission discharge planning to reduce the number of delayed discharges and ultimately reduce the cost burden of joint replacement surgery. It is not conducive with the ethos of fast-track arthroplasty to only identify social circumstances upon admission.
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Everitt A, Clare S, Pertel T, John S, Wash R, Smith S, Chin C, Feeley E, Simms J, Adams D, Wise H, Kane L, Goulding D, Digard P, Anttila V, Baillie K, Walsh T, Hume D, Palotie A, Xue Y, Colonna V, Tyler-Smith C, Dunning J, Gordon S, Smyth R, Openshaw P, Dougan G, Brass A, Kellam P. IFITM3 restricts the morbidity and mortality associated with influenza. Int J Infect Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Babin-Fenske J, Merritt T, Gunn J, Walsh T, Lesbarrères D. Phylogenetic analysis of Hyalella colonization in lakes recovering from acidification and metal contamination. CAN J ZOOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1139/z2012-028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The freshwater amphipod Hyalella azteca (Saussure, 1858) is common throughout North America and is a popular organism for toxicity tests and assessment of an ecosystem’s health. However, recent studies suggest that this “species” may actually be a number of closely related species, possibly with distinct habitat requirements. The region in and around Sudbury, Ontario, has many lakes recovering from acidification and metal contamination with Hyalella slowly recolonizing the area. Analyzing mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequences, we find two major groups of Hyalella: one group associated with recolonization of the central, historically more contaminated set of lakes and a second group associated with the more distant, less impacted, lakes. Morphologically, these inner city amphipods are significantly larger than those observed in lakes farther away from the city. This study may provide a foundation for a better understanding of Hyalella species complex, as well as colonization routes, toxicological sensitivities, habitat requirements, and dispersal capabilities.
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McDermott C, Proctor A, Walsh T, Ackroyd R, Rao G, Bianchi S, Englert L, Rafiq MK, Shaw PJ. 164 Experience of the use of diaphragm pacing in patients with respiratory impairment due to motor neurone disorders. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301993.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Pennington K, Walsh T, Casadei S, Lee M, Pennil C, Thornton A, Agnew K, Garcia R, King M, Swisher E. Germline and somatic mutations in homologous recombination genes predict platinum response in ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal carcinomas. Gynecol Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Aridegbe T, Kandler R, Walsh T, Shaw PJ, McDermott CJ. 154 The natural history of motor neurone disease (MND): assessing the impact of specialist care. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301993.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Norquist B, Walsh T, Pennil C, Lee M, Casadei S, Thornton A, Nord A, Garcia R, King M, Swisher E. Factors associated with genetic testing in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers with advanced ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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87
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Cooley SM, Donnelly JC, Walsh T, Durnea U, Collins C, Rodeck CH, Hindmarsh PC, Geary MP. The relationship between body mass index and mid-arm circumference in a pregnant population. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2011; 31:594-6. [PMID: 21973130 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2011.597892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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88
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Milsom KM, Blinkhorn AS, Walsh T, Worthington HV, Kearney-Mitchell P, Whitehead H, Tickle M. A cluster-randomized controlled trial: fluoride varnish in school children. J Dent Res 2011; 90:1306-11. [PMID: 21921250 DOI: 10.1177/0022034511422063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a school-based parallel cluster randomized controlled trial with 36-month follow-up of children aged 7 to 8 years. Primary schools were randomly assigned to 2 groups: 3 applications of fluoride varnish (22,600 ppm) each year or no intervention. The primary outcome was DFS increment in the first permanent molars, with the hypothesis that 9 applications of varnish over 3 years would result in a lower increment in the test group. Follow-up measurements were recorded by examiners blind to the allocation. Ninety-five schools were randomized to the test and 95 to the reference groups; 1473 (test) and 1494 (reference) children participated in the trial. An intention-to-treat analysis was carried out with random effects models. The DFS increment was 0.65 (SD 2.15) in the test and 0.67 (SD 2.10) in the reference groups, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. We were unable to demonstrate an effect for fluoride varnish when it was used as a public health intervention to prevent caries in the first permanent molar teeth (Inter-national Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Registration: ISRCTN: #72589426).
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Kennedy AM, Boyle EM, Traynor O, Walsh T, Hill ADK. Video gaming enhances psychomotor skills but not visuospatial and perceptual abilities in surgical trainees. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2011; 68:414-420. [PMID: 21821223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2011.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2011] [Revised: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is considerable interest in the identification and assessment of underlying aptitudes or innate abilities that could potentially predict excellence in the technical aspects of operating. However, before the assessment of innate abilities is introduced for high-stakes assessment (such as competitive selection into surgical training programs), it is essential to determine that these abilities are stable and unchanging and are not influenced by other factors, such as the use of video games. The aim of this study was to investigate whether experience playing video games will predict psychomotor performance on a laparoscopic simulator or scores on tests of visuospatial and perceptual abilities, and to examine the correlation, if any, between these innate abilities. METHODS Institutional ethical approval was obtained. Thirty-eight undergraduate medical students with no previous surgical experience were recruited. All participants completed a self-reported questionnaire that asked them to detail their video game experience. They then underwent assessment of their psychomotor, visuospatial, and perceptual abilities using previously validated tests. The results were analyzed using independent samples t tests to compare means and linear regression curves for subsequent analysis. RESULTS Students who played video games for at least 7 hours per week demonstrated significantly better psychomotor skills than students who did not play video games regularly. However, there was no difference on measures of visuospatial and perceptual abilities. There was no correlation between psychomotor tests and visuospatial or perceptual tests. CONCLUSIONS Regular video gaming correlates positively with psychomotor ability, but it does not seem to influence visuospatial or perceptual ability. This study suggests that video game experience might be beneficial to a future career in surgery. It also suggests that relevant surgical skills may be gained usefully outside the operating room in activities that are not related to surgery.
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Warner P, Walsh T, Williams L, Hay A, Carduff E, Mackenzie S, Bain M, Prescott R. P1-61 Can routine hospital activity data be utilised to provide reliable information about hospital incidence of cases of severe sepsis? Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976c.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ng CT, O'Neil M, Walsh D, Walsh T, Veale DJ. Successful pregnancy after rituximab in a women with recurrent in vitro fertilisation failures and anti-phospholipid antibody positive. Ir J Med Sci 2011; 178:531-3. [PMID: 19043774 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-008-0265-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2008] [Accepted: 11/07/2008] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of successful pregnancy after rituximab in a patient with a history of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) failures and positive anti-cardiolipin antibody (ACA). Following a course of rituximab, her ACA became negative and she successfully conceived with IVF treatment. This is the first case in literature describing the use of rituximab therapy in this clinical scenario.
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Swisher E, Pennil C, Lee M, Casadei S, Thornton A, Nord A, Norquist B, Agnew K, Stray S, Garcia R, M. King, Walsh T. Massive parallel sequencing identifies novel ovarian cancer susceptibility genes and a high fraction of hereditary ovarian, peritoneal and tubal carcinomas. Gynecol Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Pini M, Rossi F, Venable K, Walsh T. Incompleteness and incomparability in preference aggregation: Complexity results. ARTIF INTELL 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.artint.2010.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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94
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Luong M, Clancy C, Kwak E, Silveira F, Crespo M, Pilewski J, Toyoda Y, Wissel M, Grantham K, Kleiboeker S, Walsh T, Nguyen M. 357 Aspergillus Quantitative PCR on BAL Fluid Improves the Diagnosis of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis (IPA) in Lung Transplant Recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2011.01.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Yariz KO, Walsh T, Akay H, Duman D, Akkaynak AC, King MC, Tekin M. A truncating mutation in GPSM2 is associated with recessive non-syndromic hearing loss. Clin Genet 2011; 81:289-93. [PMID: 21348867 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01654.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary deafness is a genetically heterogeneous phenotype for which more than 100 genomic loci have been identified thus far. By analysis of a consanguineous Palestinian family, GPSM2 was recently discovered to be the cause of autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss DFNB82. Here, we report a second truncating mutation, GPSM2 p.Q562X, identified via autozygosity mapping in a consanguineous Turkish family. This report provides evidence for allelic heterogeneity of GPSM2 and confirms its causative role for non-syndromic deafness.
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Wong MCM, Clarkson J, Glenny AM, Lo ECM, Marinho VCC, Tsang BWK, Walsh T, Worthington HV. Cochrane reviews on the benefits/risks of fluoride toothpastes. J Dent Res 2011; 90:573-9. [PMID: 21248357 DOI: 10.1177/0022034510393346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This concise review presents two Cochrane Reviews undertaken to determine: (1) the relative effectiveness of fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations in preventing dental caries in children and adolescents; and (2) the relationship between the use of topical fluorides in young children and their risk of developing dental fluorosis. To determine the relative effectiveness of fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations, we undertook a network meta-analysis utilizing both direct and indirect comparisons from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The review examining fluorosis included evidence from experimental and observational studies. The findings of the reviews confirm the benefits of using fluoride toothpaste, when compared with placebo, in preventing caries in children and adolescents, but only significantly for fluoride concentrations of 1000 ppm and above. The relative caries-preventive effects of fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations increase with higher fluoride concentration. However, there is weak, unreliable evidence that starting the use of fluoride toothpaste in children under 12 months of age may be associated with an increased risk of fluorosis. The decision of what fluoride levels to use for children under 6 years should be balanced between the risk of developing dental caries and that of mild fluorosis.
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Conway Morris A, Kefala K, Wilkinson TS, Dhaliwal K, Laurenson IF, Walsh T, McAuley DF, O'Kane C, Simpson AJ. S79 Potential diagnostic significance of neutrophil proteases in ventilator-associated pneumonia. Thorax 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/thx.2010.150938.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Sinclair EA, Madsen A, Walsh T, Nelson J, Crandall KA. Cryptic genetic divergence in the giant Tasmanian freshwater crayfish Astacopsis gouldi (Decapoda: Parastacidae): implications for conservation. Anim Conserv 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2010.00395.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Walsh T. David Martyn Lewsey. West J Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.c2774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Shahin H, Rahil M, Rayan AA, Avraham KB, King MC, Kanaan M, Walsh T. Nonsense mutation of the stereociliar membrane protein gene PTPRQ in human hearing loss DFNB84. J Med Genet 2010; 47:643-5. [DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2009.075697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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