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Cao C, Shou J, Sun Z, Zhou A, Lan X, Shang B, Jiang W, Guo L, Zheng S, Bi X. Phenotypical screening on metastatic PRCC-TFE3 fusion translocation renal cell carcinoma organoids reveals potential therapeutic agents. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)01205-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Li T, Providencia R, Jiang W, Liu M, Yu L, Gu C, Chang ACY, Ma H. Association of Metformin with the Mortality and Incidence of Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Pre-existing Cardiovascular Diseases. Drugs 2022; 82:311-322. [PMID: 35032305 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-021-01665-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Whether metformin reduces all-cause cardiovascular mortality and the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remains inconclusive. Some randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies have shown that metformin is associated with an increased risk of mortality and cardiovascular events. METHODS We conducted a pooling synthesis to assess the effects of metformin in all-cause cardiovascular mortality and incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with CVD. Studies published up to October 2021 in PubMed or Embase with a registration in PROSPERO (CRD42020189905) were collected. Both RCT and cohort studies were included. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% CI were pooled across various trials using the random-effects model. RESULTS This study enrolled 35 published studies (in 14 publications) for qualitative synthesis and identified 33 studies (published in 26 publications) for quantitative analysis. We analysed a total of 61,704 patients, among them 58,271 patients were used to calculate all-cause mortality while 12,814 patients were used to calculate cardiovascular mortality. Compared with non-metformin control, metformin usage is associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality (HR: 0.90; 95% CI 0.83, 0.98; p = 0.01), cardiovascular mortality (HR: 0.89; 95% CI 0.85, 0.94; p < 0.0001), incidence of coronary revascularisation (HR: 0.79; 95% CI 0.64, 0.98; p = 0.03), and heart failure (HR: 0.90; 95% CI 0.87, 0.94; p < 0.0001) in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases. CONCLUSION Metformin use is associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, incidence of coronary revascularisation, and heart failure in patients with CVD; however, metformin usage was not associated with reduction in the incidence of myocardial infarction, angina, or stroke.
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Zhai L, Jiang W, Zang Y, Gao Y, Jiang D, Tian Q, Zhao C. Impact of Thyroid Tissue Status on the Cut-Off Value of Lymph Node Fine-Needle Aspiration Thyroglobulin Measurements in Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Br J Biomed Sci 2022; 79:10210. [PMID: 35996517 PMCID: PMC8915611 DOI: 10.3389/bjbs.2021.10210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the optimal cut-off value of thyroglobulin measurement in a fine-needle aspiration (FNA-Tg) in diagnosing malignant lymph nodes and benign lymph nodes (LNs) according to the thyroid tissue status. Methods: A total of 517 LNs were aspirated: 401 preoperative LNs, 42 LNs after subtotal thyroidectomy and 74 suspected LNs after total thyroidectomy. The cut-off value of FNA-Tg was obtained from receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The cut-off value with the best diagnostic performance was then obtained by comparing different cut-off values from other studies. Results: LN FNA-Tg levels differed between preoperative and total thyroid disease (p < 0.001) and subtotal thyroidectomy and total thyroidectomy (p = 0.03), but not between preoperative and subtotal thyroidectomy (p = 1.00). Accordingly, those 443 LNs with preoperative and subtotal thyroidectomy were compared to those 74 without thyroid tissue. The optimal cut-off value in thyroid tissue group was 19.4 ng/ml and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.95 (95% CI 0.92–0.97). The optimal cut-off value in thyroid tissue absence group was 1.2 ng/ml and the AUC was 0.93 (0.85–0.98). After the analysis and comparison of multiple cut-off values, the optimal diagnostic performance was still found to be 19.4 ng/ml and 1.2 ng/ml. Conclusion: The influential factors of FNA-Tg are still controversial, and the optimal cut-off value of FNA-Tg can be determined based on the presence or absence of thyroid tissue. FNA-Tg can be used as an important auxiliary method for diagnosing cervical metastatic LNs of thyroid cancer.
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Zhou J, Li T, Chen X, Wang M, Jiang W, Jia H. Comparison of the Diagnostic Value of SARC-F and Its Three Modified Versions for Screening Sarcopenia in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:77-83. [PMID: 35067707 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1718-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sarcopenia refers to age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass. SARC-F is a screening tool for sarcopenia with high specificity and relatively good overall diagnostic accuracy but with low sensitivity. This study evaluated the diagnostic utility of SARC-F and its three modified versions (SARC-CalF, SARC-F+AC, and SARC-CalF+AC) for screening sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN Diagnostic accuracy study. SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS We screened sarcopenia of older adults (age ≥ 60 years) in three communities in 2020. The participants' information and anthropometric measurements were collected, respectively. METHODS The updated consensuses of AWGS2019 and the EWGSOP2 were applied as the reference standards. we performed sensitivity/specificity analyses and estimated the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) of the four scales. RESULTS The prevalence of sarcopenia was 26.4% and 12.5% based on the AWGS2019 and EWGSOP2 criteria, respectively. The sensitivities/specificities of SARC-F, SARC-CalF, SARC-F+AC, and SARC-CalF+AC were 12.26%/95.59%, 47.17%/91.53%, 82.08%/68.47%, and 75.47%/83.73%, respectively, using the AWGS2019 criteria. Further, the corresponding AUCs of SARC-F, SARC-CalF, SARC-F+AC, and SARC-CalF+AC were 0.650 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.601-0.697), 0.811 (95% CI: 0.769-0.848), 0.801 (95% CI: 0.759-0.839), and 0.848 (95% CI: 0.809-0.881), respectively. Using the EWGSOP2 criteria, the sensitivities/specificities of SARC-F, SARC-CalF, SARC-F+AC, and SARC-CalF+AC were 20.00%/95.44%, 56.00%/86.61%, 70.00%/81.20%, and 80.00%/74.93%, respectively. The AUCs of SARC-F, SARC-CalF, SARC-F+AC, and SARC-CalF+AC were 0.706 (95% CI: 0.659-0.750), 0.799 (95% CI: 0.756-0.837), 0.815 (95% CI: 0.774-0.852), and 0.834 (95% CI: 0.794-0.869), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The modified versions of SARC-F+AC and SARC-CalF+AC, which have superior sensitivity, can be used to screen sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. SARC-CalF+AC had the highest overall diagnostic accuracy for screening sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults.
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Jiang W, Zhang CH. A Sequential Probability Ratio Test for Sparse Gaussian Mixtures. Stat Sin 2022. [DOI: 10.5705/ss.202019.0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Jiang W, Wang X, Shu C, Hou Q, Yang K, Wu X. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of novel pyridone derivatives as potent BRD4 inhibitors for the potential treatment of prostate cancer. Bioorg Chem 2021; 119:105575. [PMID: 34995979 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Since androgen receptor (AR) can bind to BRD4 protein and this binding can be blocked by BRD4 inhibitors, targeting BRD4 has emerged as a promising approach for the treatment of prostate cancer (PC). Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of 5-(1-benzyl-1H-indazol-6-yl)-4-ethoxy-1-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one derivatives as novel BRD4 inhibitors for prostate cancer. Among them, compound 13 displayed the most robust BRD4 inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 18 nM. Furthermore, 13 showed potent anti-proliferative activity against enzalutamide-resistant 22RV1 cells. The mechanism of action studies demonstrated that 13 induced cell apoptosis by regulating Bcl-2/Bax proteins and activating caspase-3 signaling pathway. In addition, the c-Myc level was significantly reduced in 22RV1 cells on the western blot assay. These findings collectively suggested that compound 13 might find potential use for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Wang Y, Yang Q, Zheng L, Wang X, Jiang W, Lu L, Yan L, Zhang M, Chen L. Efficacy of Individualized Preventive Treatment of Patients with Severe Hemophilia A Guided by Multiple Clinical Parameters and Pharmacokinetics. Acta Haematol 2021; 145:354-361. [PMID: 34879368 DOI: 10.1159/000521360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of multiple clinical parameters (age, weight, blood types, and bleeding types) on FⅧ pharmacokinetic parameters (PK parameters) in adult patients with severe hemophilia A (SHA), draw up individualized preventive treatment plans, and observe clinical efficacy and economic benefit. METHODS Forty SHA patients treated in our hospital from January 2018 to May 2019 were enrolled, with their age, weight, blood types, bleeding types, and PK parameters measured to analyze the effects of clinical parameters on PK parameters. Individualized preventive treatment was developed, and patients were followed up for 1 year. The annual bleeding times (ABR), annual joint bleeding times (AJBR), and annual FⅧ dosage were observed and compared before and after treatment. RESULTS Weight, blood types and bleeding types could affect the PK parameters of FVIII. A prevention plan was formulated under the guidance of FVIII half-life. After 1 year of follow-up, ABR decreased by 88.9%, AJBR decreased by 90%, and annual FⅧ dosage increased by 47%. The dosage of FⅧ in 8 patients after was less than that before prevention, and the average half-life time of these 8 patients was 13.32 h. CONCLUSIONS 1. Weight, blood types, and bleeding types of adult SHA patients could affect FVIII half-life. As body mass index increased, FVIII half-life were significantly prolonged. The FVIII half-life of patients with type O blood were significantly shorter than those with other blood types, and the FVIII half-life of knee joint bleeding were conspicuously shorter than those of elbow joint bleeding. 2. Individualized preventive treatment could markedly reduce bleeding times. For patients with a long half-life period, the total annual FⅧ dosage could be reduced to achieve bleeding prevention and economic benefit.
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Ding X, Jiang W, Hu YH, Jiang J, Wu Y, Xu CZ, Wu ZZ, Yu YF, Liu XJ, Li GW, Yin DP. [Study on the incidence of adult herpes zoster in Yichang city and its association with early-life famine exposure]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2021; 55:1328-1331. [PMID: 34749477 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20201110-01350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Based on Yichang health big data platform, 850 608 patients from September 2018 to September 2019 were included in this study. According to the date of birth, the participants were divided into early childhood famine exposure group, fetal famine exposure group and non-famine exposure group. The incidence of adult herpes zoster (HZ) in Yichang city was analyzed, and the correlation between early life famine exposure and adult HZ was analyzed. In 2019, the crude incidence rate of adult HZ in Yichang was 6.83‰. The crude incidence rate of adult HZ in females (7.26‰) was higher than that in males (6.40‰). Compared with the non-famine exposure group, fetal famine exposure was associated with the incidence of adult HZ (OR=1.21; 95%CI: 1.01-1.45, P=0.041). After stratification by sex, fetal famine exposure was only found to be associated with the onset of adult HZ in females (OR=1.28, 95%CI:1.02-1.61, P=0.034).
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Kiyanda A, Mensah S, Patts G, Cheng D, Jiang W, Samet J, So-Armah K. Change in alcohol consumption and altered coagulation in people with HIV (PWH). Alcohol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2021.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Olson R, Jiang W, Liu M, Bergman A, Schellenberg D, Mou B, Alexander A, Carolan H, Hsu F, Miller S, Atrchian S, Chan E, Ho C, Mohamed I, Lin A, Berrang T, Bang A, Chng N, Matthews Q, Huang V, Mestrovic T, Hyde D, Lund C, Pai H, Valev B, Lefresne S, Tyldesley S. Population Based Phase II Trial of Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR) for up to 5 Oligometastases: Preliminary Results of the SABR-5 Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zhou Y, Yu Y, Ke R, Jiang W, Xu M, Xiao C, Cheng Y, Li Z, Li B, Wang Z, Li J, Duan X, Ye M. Design of a Lyman-Alpha-Based BES for edge plasma density diagnosing on the HL-2A tokamak. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Qin Y, Sun XL, Wang D, Jiang W, Wang HY, Sun XX, Fang W, Li J, Tian Z, Song L, Kang LM. [A case of wild-type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2021; 49:1023-1026. [PMID: 34674441 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20201204-00961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Morrone D, Chen C, Dinshaw L, Jiang W, Kim YH, Kirchhof P, Koretsune Y, Pecen L, Reimitz PE, Wang CC, Yamashita T, Unverdorben M, De Caterina R. Edoxaban treatment in real-world practice is highly concordant with ESC atrial fibrillation guidelines: results from the non-interventional global ETNA-AF program. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The ESC atrial fibrillation management guidelines recommend a risk-based approach to oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy. How clinical practice aligns with these recommendations is of interest.
Purpose
To analyse real world data from Global ETNA-AF program in patient groups stratified by stroke and bleeding risk scores according to ESC guidelines.
Methods
Global ETNA-AF is a multicentre, prospective, noninterventional program evaluating the safety and effectiveness of edoxaban in patients from European and Asian countries. Baseline characteristics and clinical event data at 2-year follow-up were analysed in 4 subgroups defined by CHA2DS2-VASc score (≥3 for female / ≥2 for male [OAC recommended] vs 2 for female / 1 for male [OAC should be considered]) and HAS-BLED score (≥3 [Bleeding risk high] vs <3 [Bleeding risk low]) (Table 1).
Results
Of 27,616 patients included in this analysis, 23,152 (83.8%) were in the “OAC recommended” category and 3,539 (12.8%) were in the “OAC should be considered” category. Only 3.3% of patients did not meet ESC guideline criteria for OAC initiation. Among patients with high bleeding risk, 98% were in the “OAC recommended” category. A similar distribution was observed across regions (Table 2). The recommended edoxaban dose was used in the vast majority (>80%) of patients across all risk stratification subgroups. In the “OAC recommended” category, patients with high bleeding risk had higher rates of thromboembolic, bleeding, and death events than those with low bleeding risk.
Conclusion
Data from routine clinical practice in Global ETNA-AF demonstrate high concordance of edoxaban treatment with ESC guidelines. Edoxaban dose is consistent with label recommendation in the vast majority (>80%) of patients. Clinical event rates were generally low across all risk groups, including acceptable bleeding rates in anticoagulated patients with high bleeding risk.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): Daiichi Sankyo Table 1. Subgroups as per ESC guidelinesTable 2. Patient characteristics & events
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Dinshaw L, Chen C, De Caterina R, Jiang W, Kim YH, Koretsune Y, Morrone D, Pecen L, Reimitz PE, Wang CC, Yamashita T, Unverdorben M, Kirchhof P. Temporal trend of clinical events in patients with atrial fibrillation on edoxaban therapy: results from the non-interventional global ETNA-AF program. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who initiated vitamin K antagonist (VKA) were at highest risk of stroke and bleeding in the first few months of therapy. Understanding of the temporal trend of clinical events in AF patients on non-VKA oral anticoagulant (NOAC) therapy should aid therapeutic decisions.
Purpose
To evaluate the temporal trend of clinical events in AF patients receiving edoxaban in routine clinical practice in the Global ETNA-AF program.
Methods
Global ETNA-AF is a multicentre, prospective, noninterventional program evaluating the safety and effectiveness of edoxaban in patients from European and Asian countries. Thromboembolic, bleeding and death events were analysed separately for the 1st and 2nd year of the follow-up period, using a time-to-first-event estimation of cumulative incidence and annual rate via Kaplan-Meier method.
Results
A total of 27,617 patients were included in this analysis, 48.6% from Europe and 51.4% from Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. Baseline characteristics were consistent with typical AF population in real world studies (Table 1). Approximately 83% of patients received the recommended edoxaban dose. Annualized rates of ischaemic stroke and major bleeding (ISTH) were lower in the 2nd year than in the 1st year: ischaemic stroke 0.59% (95% CI, 0.50–0.70) vs 0.86% (95% CI, 0.75–0.98), p=0.015; major bleeding 0.87% (95% CI, 0.75–1.00) vs 1.15% (95% CI, 1.02–1.29), p=0.036. The trend toward lower rates of ischaemic stroke and major bleeding in the 2nd year was consistent across regions. All-cause mortality increased slightly from the 1st year to the 2nd year, which was not statistically significant and was not driven by cardiovascular (CV) mortality (Table 2).
Conclusion
In routine clinical practice in the Global ETNA-AF program, major bleeding and ischaemic stroke rates in >27,000 patients on edoxaban therapy declined from 1st year to 2nd year. Further analyses will investigate whether such trend is influenced by selection for healthier patients over time. Longer follow-up is needed to better understand long-term trends.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): Daiichi Sankyo Table 1. Baseline characteristicsTable 2. Annualised clinical event rates
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Zhang S, Niu D, Wang D, Nie Y, Song N, Wang J, Ruan X, Huang M, Wada R, Ren J, Ding Y, Zhang K, Tang X, Han R, Liu B, Lu L, Jiang W. Measurement of leakage neutron spectra for aluminium with D-T fusion neutrons and validation of evaluated nuclear data. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Bi N, Hu X, Zhao K, Yang Y, Zhang L, E M, Cao J, Ge H, Zhu X, Zhao L, Di Y, Jiang W, Ran J, Zhang H, Zhang T, Shen W, Deng C, Hu C, Chen M, Wang L. P64.04 Hypo-Fractionated Versus Conventionally Fractionated Radiotherapy for Patients with LS-SCLC: An Open-Label, Randomized, Phase 3 Trial. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bi N, Jiang W, Chen M, Fu X, Wang L. P47.18 Almonertinib With Radiotherapy vs Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Unresectable Stage III EGFR-mutant NSCLC (ADVANCE Trial). J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dong X, Jiang W, Hua D, Wang X, Xu L, Wu X. Radical-mediated vicinal addition of alkoxysulfonyl/fluorosulfonyl and trifluoromethyl groups to aryl alkyl alkynes. Chem Sci 2021; 12:11762-11768. [PMID: 34659713 PMCID: PMC8442677 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03315h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The addition of sulfonyl radicals to alkenes and alkynes is a valuable method for constructing useful highly functionalized sulfonyl compounds. The underexplored alkoxy- and fluorosulfonyl radicals are easily accessed by CF3 radical addition to readily available allylsulfonic acid derivatives and then β-fragmentation. These substituted sulfonyl radicals add to aryl alkyl alkynes to give vinyl radicals that are trapped by trifluoromethyl transfer to provide tetra-substituted alkenes bearing the privileged alkoxy- or fluorosulfonyl group on one carbon and a trifluoromethyl group on the other. This process exhibits broad functional group compatibility and allows for the late-stage functionalization of drug molecules, demonstrating its potential in drug discovery and chemical biology. An unprecedented method for vicinal addition of alkoxysulfonyl/fluorosulfonyl and trifluoromethyl groups to aryl alkyl alkynes has been developed to afford useful alkenylsulfonate esters and alkenylsulfonyl fluorides.![]()
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Liu YB, Xu BC, Chen YT, Yuan X, Liu JY, Liu T, Du GZ, Jiang W, Yang Y, Zhu Y, Chen LJ, Ding BS, Wei YQ, Yang L. Directed evolution of AAV accounting for long-term and enhanced transduction of cardiovascular endothelial cells in vivo. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2021; 22:148-161. [PMID: 34485601 PMCID: PMC8397840 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac endothelial cells (ECs) are important targets for cardiovascular gene therapy. However, the approach of stably transducing ECs in vivo using different vectors, including adeno-associated virus (AAV), remains unexamined. Regarding this unmet need, two AAV libraries from DNA shuffling and random peptide display were simultaneously screened in a transgenic mouse model. Cardiac ECs were isolated by cell sorting for salvage of EC-targeting AAV. Two AAV variants, i.e., EC71 and EC73, enriched in cardiac EC, were further characterized for their tissue tropism. Both of them demonstrated remarkably enhanced transduction of cardiac ECs and reduced infection of liver ECs in comparison to natural AAVs after intravenous injection. Significantly, persistent transgene expression was maintained in mouse cardiac ECs in vivo for at least 4 months. The EC71 vector was selected for delivery of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene into cardiac ECs in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. Enhanced eNOS activity was observed in the mouse heart and lung, which was correlated with partially improved cardiac function. Taken together, two AAV capsids were evolved with more efficient transduction in cardiovascular endothelium in vivo, but their endothelial tropism might need to be further optimized for practical application to cardiac gene therapy.
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Liu S, Zhao L, Xiao X, Jiang W, Ju Z, Tian M, Li H, Lin H. Acetate promotes lipogenesis in adipocytes but not in hepatocytes of chickens. Br Poult Sci 2021; 63:54-61. [PMID: 34309437 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1960950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
1.The role of acetate in lipogenesis of chickens remains largely unknown. This trial investigated the effect of sodium acetate (SA) on chicken fat metabolism via in vivo and in vitro experiments.2.The results indicated that supplementation of SA (1.0 g/kg feed) showed marginal to moderate stimulation on the area of the abdominal fat cells and triglyceride (TG) content in liver and adipose tissues. It increased the transcription of some genes involved in fat synthesis and deposition, but did not affect free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) expression in either liver or abdominal fat.3. In cultured hepatocytes treated with 0.01 mM to 5 mM SA, although mRNA levels of ACC1, PPAR, SREBP-1 c, and FFAR2 were upregulated with SA at certain concentrations, TG content and protein expression of lipogenic genes and FFAR2 were not altered at any dosages. In adipogenic differentiation of preadipocytes, high concentrations of SA (5 mM) exhibited significant increments in TG content and accumulated fat droplets, associated with stimulated transcription of FAS, LPL, AD, FABP4, and FFAR2, as well as elevated protein expression of FABP4 and FFAR2.4. The results showed that adipocytes were more sensitive to acetate than hepatocytes in chickens. While acetate played a minor role in hepatic fat metabolism, it promoted lipogenesis in adipocytes via FFAR2 with the involvement of FAS, LPL, and FABP4.
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Wang JS, Ritterbusch F, Dong XZ, Gao C, Li H, Jiang W, Liu SY, Lu ZT, Wang WH, Yang GM, Zhang YS, Zhang ZY. Optical Excitation and Trapping of ^{81}Kr. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:023201. [PMID: 34296902 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.023201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We have realized optical excitation, trapping, and detection of the radioisotope ^{81}Kr with an isotopic abundance of 0.9 ppt. The 124 nm light needed for the production of metastable atoms is generated by a resonant discharge lamp. Photon transport through the optically thick krypton gas inside the lamp is simulated and optimized to enhance both brightness and resonance. We achieve a state-of-the-art ^{81}Kr loading rate of 1800 atoms/h, which can be further scaled up by adding more lamps. The all-optical approach overcomes the limitations on precision and sample size of radiokrypton dating, enabling new applications in the earth sciences, particularly for dating of polar ice cores.
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Wang Q, Xiao B, Jiang W, Steele S, Cai J, Pan Z, Zhang X, Ding P. P-187 Watch-and-wait strategy for DNA mismatch repair-deficient/microsatellite instability-high rectal cancer with a clinical complete response after neoadjuvant immunotherapy: An observational cohort study. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.05.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Guo HJ, Ding X, Jiang W, Jiang J, Wu Y, Shu Z, Li GW, Hu YH, Yin DP. [Association analysis of famine exposure during early life and risk of hypertension in adulthood]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2021; 55:732-736. [PMID: 34139812 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20210111-00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the relationship between exposure to famine in early life and the risk of hypertension in adulthood. Methods: The medical data of Yichang Health Management Big Data Center from 2018 to 2019 were analyzed. A retrospective cohort study design was adopted, with hypertension as the study outcome, and different life periods exposed to the Great Famine in China were divided into groups. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between famine exposure in early life and hypertension in adulthood. At the same time, the interaction between gender and famine exposure was analyzed. Results: The age of 142 016 subjects was (60. 56±4.43). Among them, men accounted for 46.36% (65 845/142 016) and women accounted for 53.64% (76 171/142 016). There are 42 575(29.98%), 19 644(13.83%), 28 405(20.00%), 28 305(19.93%), 23 087 (19.93%) in non-famine exposure group, fetal famine exposure group, early childhood famine exposure group and late childhood famine exposure group, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension was 17.57% (24 947 cases). Multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that after adjusting for related confounding factors, compared with non-famine exposure group, the risk of hypertension in fetal, early childhood, middle childhood and late childhood famine exposure group was higher and the OR (95%CI) values were 1.16 (1.11-1.22), 1.27 (1.21-1.33), 1.54 (1.47-1.60) and 1.84 (1.76-1.92), respectively. There was an interaction between sex and famine exposure group (P<0.001). The above association is stronger among women than among men. Conclusion: Famine exposure in early life may increase the risk of hypertension in adulthood, and the risk of women is greater than that of men.
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Morrone D, Unverdorben M, Chen C, Dinshaw L, Jiang W, Kim YH, Kirchhof P, Koretsune Y, Pecen L, Reimitz PE, Wang CC, Yamashita T, De Caterina R. Low bleeding and stroke rates with minor age-dependent increase confirm the safety and effectiveness of edoxaban in patients with atrial fibrillation across age groups: Two-year results from ETNA-AF. Europace 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euab116.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): Daiichi Sankyo
Background
Age is a risk factor for ischemic stroke and bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The large dataset from the global prospective, noninterventional ETNA-AF program allows for analysis of the impact of age on clinical events in AF patients treated with edoxaban.
Purpose
Evaluate the safety and effectiveness of edoxaban by age subgroups and the impact of age on clinical events.
Methods
Baseline patient characteristics, thromboembolic and bleeding events, and mortality data were collected from patients with 2-year follow-up in ETNA-AF program and analyzed in defined age subgroups. Cox regression analysis was conducted using age as a continuous variable and clinical events as outcome variables.
Results
A total of 27,617 patients were categorized into four age subgroups: <65, 65-74, 75-84 and ≥85 years. Patient demographics and baseline characteristics are shown in the Table. Percentage of male, mean body weight, and mean creatinine clearance decreased with age, whereas percentages of patients with heart failure, patients on reduced dose edoxaban 30 mg, mean stroke and bleeding risk scores increased with age. The annualized rates of ischemic stroke and major bleeding increased with age, yet remained low. Importantly, the rate of intracranial hemorrhage was low across age groups, including the ≥85 years group. The hazard ratio (HR) for ischemic stroke was 1.041 (95%CI 1.028-1.053), ie. with a 1-year increase in age, the risk of ischemic stroke increased by 4.1%. The HRs for other clinical events were: major bleeding 1.044 (95%CI 1.033-1.055), intracranial hemorrhage 1.027 (95%CI 1.007-1.046), major gastrointestinal bleeding 1.065 (95%CI 1.048-1.081), all-cause mortality 1.086 (95%CI 1.079-1.093).
Conclusion
Two-year follow-up data from the global ETNA-AF program support the use of edoxaban as a safe and effective treatment for AF patients across all age groups, including the very elderly, in routine clinical care. The impact of age on the risk of ICH was smaller than that of ischemic stroke and major bleeding. <65 yr(N = 4,278) ≥65-74 yr(N = 9,396) ≥75-84 yr(N = 10,728) ≥85 yr(N = 3,214) Age [years], mean (SD)Male, %Weight [kg], mean (SD) 57.3 (6.6)72.580.6 (20.3) 69.9 (2.9)61.973.0 (17.7) 79.1 (2.8)53.968.0 (16.0) 87.9 (2.8)42.260.1 (14.9) CrCL [mL/min], mean (SD)CHA2DS2-VASc, mean (SD)Mod. HAS-BLED≠, mean (SD) 101.8 (33.7)1.6 (1.1)1.4 (1.0) 75.3 (22.3)2.8 (1.2)2.5 (1.1) 57.9 (18.1)4.1 (1.2)2.7 (1.0) 42.5 (14.3)4.4 (1.3)2.7 (1.0) 2-year clinical events Major Bleeding (ISTH)%/yr [95% CI] Intracranial Hemorrhage%/yr [95% CI] Major GI Bleeding%/yr [95% CI] 0.49 [0.35; 0.68] 0.18 [0.09; 0.30] 0.22 [0.13; 0.36] 0.84 [0.70; 0.99] 0.26 [0.18; 0.34] 0.34 [0.26; 0.44] 1.16 [1.00; 1.32] 0.31 [0.23; 0.40]0.60 [0.49; 0.72] 1.88 [1.51; 2.30] 0.46 [0.29; 0.69]1.19 [0.90; 1.53] Any Stroke%/yr [95% CI]Ischemic Stroke%/yr [95% CI]Hemorrhagic Stroke%/yr [95% CI] 0.54 [0.38; 0.73]0.38[0.26; 0.56]0.12[0.06; 0.23] 0.79 [0.66; 0.94]0.59[0.47; 0.71]0.19[0.13; 0.27] 1.15 [1.00; 1.32]0.89[0.76; 1.04]0.23[0.16; 0.31] 1.53 [1.21; 1.92]1.21[0.92; 1.56]0.320.18; 0.52] All-cause Death%/yr [95% CI]CV Death (sensitivity)%/yr [95% CI] 1.05 [0.83; 1.32]0.51[0.36; 0.70] 1.82 [1.62; 2.04]0.83[0.69; 0.98 3.51 [3.25; 3.80]1.65[1.47; 1.84] 9.08 [8.27; 9.96]4.16[3.62; 4.77] ≠Excluding labile INR.
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Vanassche T, Colonna P, Santamaria A, Chen C, Von Heymann C, Jin J, Saxena M, Jiang W, Unverdorben M. Periprocedural anticoagulation management in edxoaban patients undergoing catheter-based cardiovascular procedures: analyses of the noninterventional global EMIT study. Europace 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euab116.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): Daiichi Sankyo
Background
The optimal periprocedural management of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC), including edoxaban, in patients undergoing catheter-based cardiovascular procedures is unknown, and mainly based on physician opinion and experience.
Purpose
To assess real-world management of edoxaban in patients undergoing cardiovascular procedures, and to report their clinical events.
Methods
Global EMIT-AF/VTE is a prospective study of periprocedural management in edoxaban-treated patients undergoing diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. We report the data from patients undergoing cardiovascular procedures. Timing and duration of edoxaban interruption were at the treating physician’s discretion. Outcomes were collected from 5 days before until 30 days post procedure. Primary outcome was the incidence of major bleeding (MB); secondary outcomes included incidence of clinically relevant non-major bleeding (CRNMB) and acute thromboembolic events (ATE).
Results
Data was collected from 301 and 311 procedures with arterial or venous access, respectively. Baseline characteristics are shown in Table 1. Edoxaban was not interrupted in 36.9% of arterial and 52.7% of venous procedures. Edoxaban was interrupted pre-procedure in 41% of arterial and 32.8% of venous procedures. The median periprocedural interruption was 2 days. The overall incidence of bleeding was very low. Any bleeding was reported in 8 patients undergoing arterial and 10 patients undergoing venous procedures (2.7% and 3.2%). MB or CRNMB occurred in 2 arterial and 3 venous procedures (0.7% and 1.0%) and ATE occurred in 5 arterial and 1 venous procedure (1.7% and 0.3%, Table 1).
Conclusions
In this study, the periprocedural risks of bleeding and thrombotic events were low. About a third of arterial access procedures and half of venous access procedures were performed without edoxaban interruption. Arterial(n = 301) Venous(n = 311) Baseline characteristics Age, year, mean (SD)Male, n (%)Weight (kg), mean (SD) 71.9 (8.5)211 (70.1%)80.8 (16.7) 64.6 (11.1)215 (69.1%)84.1 (17.4) CrCL (mL/min), mean (SD) CHA2DS2-VASc score, mean (SD)HAS-BLED score, mean (SD) 73.5 (29.8) 3.3 (1.5)2.0 (1.0) 88.9 (35.5) 2.2 (1.5)1.3 (1.0) Edoxaban 60 mg / 30 mg, % 73% / 26% 88% / 26% Coronary heart disease, n (%) Congestive heart failure, n (%) 101 (33.6%) 58 (19.3%) 51 (16.4%) 33 (10.6%) Interruption of edoxaban, n (%) No interruption Pre-procedure only Post-procedure only Pre- and post-procedure 111 (36.9%)125 (41.5%)12 (4.0%)53 (17.6%) 164 (52.7%)102 (32.8%)8 (2.6%)37 (11.9%) Clinical events, n (%) MB or CRNMBACSStroke/Transient ischemic attackCV mortalityAll-cause mortality 2 (0.7%)2 (0.7%)3 (1.0%)1 (0.3%)2 (0.7%) 3 (1.0%) 01 (0.3%)00
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