Amplitude Analysis of the Decays η^{'}→π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} and η^{'}→π^{0}π^{0}π^{0}

Based on a sample of 1.31×10^{9}  J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector, an amplitude analysis of the isospin-violating decays η^{'}→π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} and η^{'}→π^{0}π^{0}π^{0} is performed. A significant P-wave contribution from η^{'}→ρ^{±}π^{∓} is observed for the first time in η^{'}→π^{+}π^{-}π^{0}. The branching fraction is determined to be B(η^{'}→ρ^{±}π^{∓})=(7.44±0.60±1.26±1.84)×10^{-4}, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic, and the third model dependent. In addition to the nonresonant S-wave component, there is a significant σ meson component. The branching fractions of the combined S-wave components are determined to be B(η^{'}→π^{+}π^{-}π^{0})_{S}=(37.63±0.77±2.22±4.48)×10^{-4} and B(η^{'}→π^{0}π^{0}π^{0})=(35.22±0.82±2.54)×10^{-4}, respectively. The latter one is consistent with previous BESIII measurements.

An Effective Application of Bacteria Quorum Sensing and Circular Elimination in MOPSO

In this paper, an approach that incorporates a turbulence mechanism and a circular elimination strategy is presented to strengthen the performance of multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO). For convergence enhancement, the turbulence mechanism derived from bacteria quorum sensing behavior is introduced to MOPSO to preserve the swarm diversity. Meanwhile, the circular elimination strategy is used to select particles for next iteration for better distribution of the Pareto-optimal solutions. The improved MOPSO algorithm has been tested on a set of benchmark functions and compared with representative multi-objective optimization algorithms. Simulation results illustrate that the algorithm outperforms the other algorithms on convergence while keep good spread performance, and could be used as an effective global optimization tool.

[Analysis of anterolateral approach and lateral approach for the treatment of coronal shear fracture of the distal humeral]

OBJECTIVE

To treat the coronal shear fracture of the distal humeral during open reduction and internal fixation by anterolateral approach and lateral approach, and to analyze the advantage and disadvantage of each approach.

METHODS

From September 2006 to July 2014, 10 patients with coronal fracture of the distal humeral were analyzed, who were all treated with Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF), 5 with anterolateral approach (group A) and 5 with lateral approach (group B). For the anterior-lateral approach, the radial nerve and brachioradialis were retracted laterally and the brachialis was retracted medially, the capsule was incised and the fracture line was exposed, usually the capitellum and the lateral part of the trochlear could be exposed clearly but the exposure was limited. For the lateral approach, the brachioradialis was retracted anteriorly, the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) was protected or released from the starting point on the lateral condyle of the humeral, the elbow could be dislocated and the capitellum and part of the trochlear could be exposed. The fractures were classified with the system of Dubberley, the complications were analyzed and the ultimate results were evaluated according to the Mayo elbow performance index (MEPI).

RESULTS

For group A, 4 re-operations were performed, 2 for the irritation of the screws,1 for stiff elbow and 1 for failure of the internal fixation. One radial nerve injury happened but recovered later. The mean MEPI was 82 points. For group B, 1 failure of the internal fixation and instability of the elbow happened. The revision operation was performed for this patient. The mean MEPI was 91 points.

CONCLUSION

Lateral approach is better,it gives more exposure for the joint and the radial nerve is safe, but the trochlear is difficult to be exposed, and the LCL must be protected or repaired during the operation. Anterolateral approach can be used to expose the capitellum and the radial side of the trochlear, but the radial nerve is dangerous and more complications may happen.

Measurement of Singly Cabibbo Suppressed Decays Λ_{c}^{+}→pπ^{+}π^{-} and Λ_{c}^{+}→pK^{+}K^{-}

Using 567  pb^{-1} of data collected with the BESIII detector at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s]=4.599  GeV, near the Λ_{c}^{+}Λ[over ¯]_{c}^{-} threshold, we study the singly Cabibbo-suppressed decays Λ_{c}^{+}→pπ^{+}π^{-} and Λ_{c}^{+}→pK^{+}K^{-}. By normalizing with respect to the Cabibbo-favored decay Λ_{c}^{+}→pK^{-}π^{+}, we obtain ratios of branching fractions: [B(Λ_{c}^{+}→pπ^{+}π^{-})/B(Λ_{c}^{+}→pK^{-}π^{+})]=(6.70±0.48±0.25)%, [B(Λ_{c}^{+}→pϕ)/B(Λ_{c}^{+}→pK^{-}π^{+})]=(1.81±0.33±0.13)%, and [B(Λ_{c}^{+}→pK^{+}K_{non-ϕ}^{-})/B(Λ_{c}^{+}→pK^{-}π^{+})]=(9.36±2.22±0.71)×10^{-3}, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. The absolute branching fractions are also presented. Among these measurements, the decay Λ_{c}^{+}→pπ^{+}π^{-} is observed for the first time, and the precision of the branching fraction for Λ_{c}^{+}→pK^{+}K_{non-ϕ}^{-} and Λ_{c}^{+}→pϕ is significantly improved.

[Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis after renal transplantation in a child with ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis: case report and literature review]

Objective: To study the clinical features and treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) after renal transplantation in a child with ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis. Method: The clinical and pathological data of the patient treated in the Department of Pediatrics as well as in the Department of Organ Transplantation in November 2015 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, who was diagnosed with de novo FSGS after renal transplantation with a primary disease ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis, was analyzed retrospectively. Reports on "ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis" "(renal OR kidney) transplantation" "focal segmental glomerular sclerosis" were searched and reviewed. Result: A ten years old female was definitely diagnosed with ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis on the 81^st day after the onset of primary ANCA associated glomerulonephritis. Because of progressive decline of renal function, a hemodialysis period for 7 months was administered following the pulsed methylprednisolone as well as cyclophosphamide treatment. The renal transplantation was then carried out 18 months later, the renal function recovered 7 days later while proteinuria reappeared 28 days after renal transplantation. Based on the anti-rejection treatment, 3 times pulsed methylprednisolone administration did not make difference on reducing the proteinuria and then a renal biopsy was conducted and the transplanted kidney proved to be a newly developed FSGS. Consequently, plasma exchange therapy was administrated. When the plasma exchange course finished, the proteinuria decreased significantly (from 3.270 g/24 h to 0.370 g/24 h). No reports were retrieved either in Chinese databases or at PubMed as well as Medline databases. Conclusion: FSGS appears in transplanted kidney in patient with a primary renal disease as ANCA associated glomerulonephritis with early proteinuria after transplantation as well as negative P-ANCA and MPO. Pathology of renal biopsy revealed FSGS while the pathology of other recipient was not FSGS. The patient had no response to pulsed methylprednisolone therapy. Instead, plasma exchange therapy was an alternative also effective treatment for de novo FSGS in transplanted kidney.

[Clinical features and gene mutation analysis of 13 Chinese juvenile patients with nephronophthisis]

Objective: To explore the clinical features and pathogenic gene mutation of juvenile nephronophthisis (NPHP) in Chinese patients. Method: Clinical data and blood samples of 27 juvenile NPHP patients from 25 families who were initially clinically diagnosed in six hospitals in Guangdong province were collected. NPHP1 homozygous deletions were detected in all patients. Sequencing of NPHP1 gene was performed when homozygous deletions were not found in patients without eye involvement. In patients with eye involvement, NPHP5 sequencing was carried out initially and subsequently NPHP10 gene and NPHP1 when there were no NPHP5 gene mutation found. Result: Diagnosis was confirmed in 13 patients by renal pathology and (or) gene sequencing, including four boys and nine girls with a median onset age of 8.5(0.1-12.8) years. Seven of the 13 patients had a normal routine urine test and six patients had mild to moderate proteinuria. None had persistent hematuria. The estimated glomerular filtration rate of the 13 patients was (12.7±10.7) ml/(min·1.73 m²) at the time of diagnosis. Renal cysts were found in only five patients by iconography. Decreased renal size was observed in nine cases and normal renal size in four patients. Renal pathology was available in five patients, renal cysts formation at the cortical-medullar area, thickening and laying tubular basement membrane, were observed. Two of the thirteen children had eye involvement, one had liver impairment and one had growth retardation. NPHP1 gene defects were detected in seven patients with a mutation rate of 25.9%, and large homozygous deletions were observed in three patients. Four patients had single point mutations, i. e. compound heterozygous mutations (c.13 C>T and c. 1520+ 5 G>A) in one patient; homozygous mutation in three patients, two patients were siblings from the same pedigree harbored c. 1756 C>T and the other one harbored c. 1298delA. NPHP5 gene homozygous mutation was found in one pedigree. The fourteen children without renal pathology and whose genetic tests were negative shared similar clinical features with the thirteen patients whose diagnosis were confirmed by gene mutation and (or) renal pathology. Conclusion: The onset of juvenile NPHP is insidious. Urine and renal iconography changes are mild or negative. The ratio of NPHP1 mutant patient is similar with previous reports, but the proportion of NPHP1 gene homozygous deletions is much lower and all of the NPHP1 gene single point mutations detected in this research were novel, which indicates a genetic discrepancy existed between Chinese NPHP patients and the western ones.

Prominent contribution of Th1, Th17, and Tregs to the host response during M. neoaurum infection

Nontuberculous mycobacteria are ubiquitous in outside environment and animals. As for nontuberculous mycobacteria infection, there is only limited information in humans regarding infection and the subsequent immune response, especially for Mycobacterium neoaurum. Here, haematoxylin-eosin and Ziehl-Neelsen staining were used to observe pathological changes and detect acid-fast bacilli in organ samples in mouse model. Flow cytometry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were performed to analyze the contribution of Th1, Th17 and Tregs to the host immune response. M. neoaurum caused chronic infection in mice, resulting in infiltrates with large aggregates of inflammatory cells, especially macrophages, in lung tissues. Our results indicated that 72% of CD4+ T cells appeared in the early days of infection, which was followed by a decrease to 47% by day 32, and then a rise to 76% by day 56. Moreover, we found higher frequency of IFN-g-producing CD4+ T cells and elevated mRNA expression of the transcription factor T-bet in the lungs; however, we observed lower mRNA expression of the transcription factor RORgt and lower frequency of IL-17-producing CD4+ T cells. A transient relative decrease in the number of Treg cells was observed in the lungs; however, the number of Tregs did not change significantly between the first and last day following infection. Thus, M. neoaurum causes chronic infection in C57BL/6 mice, with Th1, Th17, and Tregs playing a prominent role in the host response. The present study may lay the basis for further studies on the mechanisms underlying infection with nontuberculous mycobacteria.

A Big-Data-based platform of workers' behavior: Observations from the field

Behavior-Based Safety (BBS) has been used in construction to observe, analyze and modify workers' behavior. However, studies have identified that BBS has several limitations, which have hindered its effective implementation. To mitigate the negative impact of BBS, this paper uses a case study approach to develop a Big-Data-based platform to classify, collect and store data about workers' unsafe behavior that is derived from a metro construction project. In developing the platform, three processes were undertaken: (1) a behavioral risk knowledge base was established; (2) images reflecting workers' unsafe behavior were collected from intelligent video surveillance and mobile application; and (3) images with semantic information were stored via a Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS). The platform was implemented during the construction of the metro-system and it is demonstrated that it can effectively analyze semantic information contained in images, automatically extract workers' unsafe behavior and quickly retrieve on HDFS as well. The research presented in this paper can enable construction organizations with the ability to visualize unsafe acts in real-time and further identify patterns of behavior that can jeopardize safety outcomes.

Observation of an Anomalous Line Shape of the η^{'}π^{+}π^{-} Mass Spectrum near the pp[over ¯] Mass Threshold in J/ψ→γη^{'}π^{+}π^{-}

Using 1.09×10^{9} J/ψ events collected by the BESIII experiment in 2012, we study the J/ψ→γη^{'}π^{+}π^{-} process and observe a significant abrupt change in the slope of the η^{'}π^{+}π^{-} invariant mass distribution at the proton-antiproton (pp[over ¯]) mass threshold. We use two models to characterize the η^{'}π^{+}π^{-} line shape around 1.85  GeV/c^{2}: one that explicitly incorporates the opening of a decay threshold in the mass spectrum (Flatté formula), and another that is the coherent sum of two resonant amplitudes. Both fits show almost equally good agreement with data, and suggest the existence of either a broad state around 1.85  GeV/c^{2} with strong couplings to the pp[over ¯] final states or a narrow state just below the pp[over ¯] mass threshold. Although we cannot distinguish between the fits, either one supports the existence of a pp[over ¯] moleculelike state or bound state with greater than 7σ significance.

Observation of h_{c} Radiative Decay h_{c}→γη^{'} and Evidence for h_{c}→γη

A search for radiative decays of the P-wave spin singlet charmonium resonance h_{c} is performed based on 4.48×10^{8} ψ^{'} events collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. Events of the reaction channels h_{c}→γη^{'} and γη are observed with a statistical significance of 8.4σ and 4.0σ, respectively, for the first time. The branching fractions of h_{c}→γη^{'} and h_{c}→γη are measured to be B(h_{c}→γη^{'})=(1.52±0.27±0.29)×10^{-3} and B(h_{c}→γη)=(4.7±1.5±1.4)×10^{-4}, respectively, where the first errors are statistical and the second are systematic uncertainties.

[Separate vertical wiring combined with tension band and Kirschner-wire plus cerclage wire in the treatment of displaced inferior pole fractures of the patella]

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the clinical efficacy and outcomes of two separate vertical wiring combined with tension band and Kirschner-wire plus cerclage wire in the treatment of displaced inferior pole fractures of the patella.

METHODS

From January 2013 to January 2015, 15 consecutive patients (mean age 54.5 years) with inferior pole fractures of the patella were retrospectively included in this study. All the patients underwent open reduction and internal fixation by separate vertical wiring combined with tension band and Kirschner-wire plus cerclage wire through longitudinal incision, 4.5 d (range: 3.1-5.9 d) after initial injury. A safety check for early knee range of motion was performed before wound closure. The complications including infection, nonunion, loss of fixation and any wire breakage or irritation from implant were recorded. Anteroposterior and lateral views of the knee joint obtained during the follow-up were used to assess bony union based on the time when the fracture line disappeared. At the time of the final outpatient follow up, functional evaluation of the knee joint was conducted by Bostman system.

RESULTS

The follow-up time was 13.1 months (range: 12-19 months) after surgery on average, immediate motion without immobilization in all the cases was allowed and there was no case of reduction loss of the fracture and wire breakage. There was no case of irritation from the implant. At the final follow-up, the average range of motion (ROM) arc was 126.7° (range: 115°-140°), the average ROM lag versus contralateral healthy leg was 10.3° (range: 0°-35°). The mean Bostman score at the last follow-up was 28.9 (range: 27-30), and graded excellent in most cases.

CONCLUSION

Two separate vertical wiring is an easy and effective method to reduce the displaced inferior pole fracture of patella. Augmentation of separate vertical wiring with tension band and Kirschner-wire plus cerclage wire in these patients provides enough strength to protected the early exercise of the knee joint and uneventful healing. By this surgical treatment, excellent results in knee function can be expected for cases of displaced inferior pole fractures of the patella.

Detection of Metabolism Function of Microbial Community of Corpses by Biolog-Eco Method

OBJECTIVES

To detect the changes of microbial community functional diversity of corpses with different postmortem interval （PMI） and to evaluate forensic application value for estimating PMI.

METHODS

The cultivation of microbial community from the anal swabs of a Sus scrofa and a human corpse placed in field environment from 0 to 240 h after death was performed using the Biolog-Eco Microplate and the variations of the absorbance values were also monitored. Combined with the technology of forensic pathology and flies succession, the metabolic characteristics and changes of microbial community on the decomposed corpse under natural environment were also observed.

RESULTS

The diversity of microbial metabolism function was found to be negatively correlated with the number of maggots in the corpses. The freezing processing had the greatest impact on average well color development value at 0 h and the impact almost disappeared after 48 h. The diversity of microbial metabolism of the samples became relatively unstable after 192 h. The principal component analysis showed that 31 carbon sources could be consolidated for 5 principal components （accumulative contribution ratio >90%）.The carbon source tsquare-analysis showed that N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and L-serine were the dominant carbon sources for estimating the PMI （0=240 h） of the Sus scrofa and human corpse.

CONCLUSIONS

The Biolog-Eco method can be used to reveal the metabolic differences of the carbon resources utilization of the microbial community on the corpses during 0-240 h after death, which could provide a new basis for estimating the PMI.

[A new kinematics method of determing elbow rotation axis and evaluation of its feasibility]

OBJECTIVE

To study a new positioning method of elbow external fixation rotation axis, and to evaluate its feasibility.

METHODS

Four normal adult volunteers and six Sawbone elbow models were brought into this experiment. The kinematic data of five elbow flexion were collected respectively by optical positioning system. The rotation axes of the elbow joints were fitted by the least square method. The kinematic data and fitting results were visually displayed. According to the fitting results, the average moving planes and rotation axes were calculated. Thus, the rotation axes of new kinematic methods were obtained. By using standard clinical methods, the entrance and exit points of rotation axes of six Sawbone elbow models were located under X-ray. And The kirschner wires were placed as the representatives of rotation axes using traditional positioning methods. Then, the entrance point deviation, the exit point deviation and the angle deviation of two kinds of located rotation axes were compared.

RESULTS

As to the four volunteers, the indicators represented circular degree and coplanarity of elbow flexion movement trajectory of each volunteer were both about 1 mm. All the distance deviations of the moving axes to the average moving rotation axes of the five volunteers were less than 3 mm. All the angle deviations of the moving axes to the average moving rotation axes of the five volunteers were less than 5°. As to the six Sawbone models, the average entrance point deviations, the average exit point deviations and the average angle deviations of two different rotation axes determined by two kinds of located methods were respectively 1.697 2 mm, 1.838 3 mm and 1.321 7°. All the deviations were very small. They were all in an acceptable range of clinical practice.

CONCLUSION

The values that represent circular degree and coplanarity of volunteer's elbow single curvature movement trajectory are very small. The result shows that the elbow single curvature movement can be regarded as the approximate fixed axis movement. The new method can replace the traditional method in accuracy. It can make up the deficiency of the traditional fixed axis method.

[Treatment of the old terrible triad of the elbow without operative history]

OBJECTIVE

To introduce the surgical techniques and treating results of the old "terrible triad" of the elbow.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis of 11 cases of old "terrible triad" of the elbow treated by the author from March 2009 to February 2014 were performed, with 9 males and 2 females; mean age was (31.82±8.66) years (17-45 years). The average time after injury was (6.36±2.50) weeks (4-12 weeks), with 7 cases on the left and 4 right. The combined injury included 2 cases with distal radius fractures, 1 with ankle fractures, fractures of the distal radius and the head injury (minor epidural hematoma, no surgery), and 1 with Pilon fractures and L4 fractures (fixed at local hospital). All the patients had elbow stiffness and joint dislocation, and 2 patients had symptoms of ulnar nerve. Mason classification of radial head fractures: 2 cases were type I, 5 were type II, 4 were type III. Classification of the coronoid process: Regan & Morrey: 1 was type I, 10 were type II; according to O'Driscoll classification, all the fractures were tip fracture, one was the first subtype, 10 were the second subtype. The elbow were released, the coronoid process were fixed by lasso suture combined with Kirschner wires. Radial head fractures were resected in 1 case, and replaced in 1 case, 3 cases with no treatment, 6 cases with osteotomy and 3.0 mm headless compression screw (HCS) fixation. The lateral collateral ligament complex and the common extensor tendon were repaired to the humeral lateral epicondyles, No.2 Ethibon was used in 2 cases through bone holes, and suture anchorsin the other 9 cases. All the patients were fixed by Stryker DJD II hinged external fixator to protect the bone and soft tissue.

RESULTS

The average follow-up time was (38.36±21.92) months (19-77 months). All the patients had no obvious pain, instability and ulnar nerve symptoms in the last follow-up. The average elbow flexion was 134.09°±12.41° (100°-140°), average extension was -15.91°±14.46 ° (-40°-0°), range of flexion and extension was 118.18°±23.80° (70°-140°). Average pronation was 70.91°±26.63° (20°-90°), supination was 70.91°±26.63° (20°-100 °). The range of motion (ROM) of forearm rotation was 150.91°±43.00° (40°-180°). Average Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS) was 96.36±5.04 (85- 100).X-ray showed that no degenerative changes. Five patients had heterotopic ossifications, according to Hastings and Graham grading: 1 case was grade I, 3 cases were grade IIA, 1 case was IIB.

CONCLUSION

The old "terrible triad" of elbow with no operative history is difficult to treat. The elbow's functions and stabilization can be recovered by thorough elbow release, repair of coronoid process and anterior capsule, radial head fractures, lateral collateral ligament and the common extensor tendon insertion, combined with hinged external fixator. Joint stiffness and heterotopic ossification are common complications.

[Effect of radiotherapy and indomethacin together in the prevention of recurrence of ectopic ossification around the elbow after resection]

OBJECTIVE

To discuss the effect of single low dose local radiotherapy and indomethacin together in the prevention of recurrence of ectopic ossification around the elbow after resection.

METHODS

From Jun. 2009 to Dec. 2011, we performed excision of ectopic ossification around the elbow in 78 stiff elbows. For each case, we used both medial and lateral approaches, and we performed both anterior and posterior capsulectomies and removal of ectopic ossification. In the lateral approach, we started proximally, the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus was exposed from the interval between extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) and triceps, and then distally passed the interval between ECRL and extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB). With the medial approach, after releasing the ulnar nerve, the pronator teres muscle origin was reflected from the medial epicondyle, and then the common flexor-pronator tendon was split longitudinally distally and the brachalis and the anterior portion of the flexor-pronator group were dissected off the anterior humerus. If there was forearm rotation dysfunction, we used extensive lateral approach, the anconeus muscle was reflected from the ulna and the scar tissue and ectopic ossification around the proximal radioulnar joint were resected. The important structures, such as the lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL) and the anterior part of the medial collateral ligament (AMCL), should be carefully protected, because they were important for the elbow stability. Anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve depended on the patients' condition. We performed low dose radiotherapy 4 hours before operation, and we used indomethacin for 6 weeks after operation. In these patients, there were 46 males and 32 females, whose age averaged (35.8±7.9) years (16-65 years). According to Hastings-Graham classification, there were 56 IIA, 5 IIB, 6 IIC and 11 III before operation.

RESULTS

We followed up these patients for 26 months with an average of 24-36 months, all the patients improved their elbow function, and no recurrence of ectopic ossification appeared except for 1 patient. For this patient, his elbow function was excellent, and according to Hastings-Graham classification, his ectopic ossification was of type I.

CONCLUSION

Single low dose local radiotherapy and indomethacin together are effective in the prevention of recurrence of ectopic ossification around the elbow after excision.

[Diagnosis and treatment of adult capitellar fractures]

OBJECTIVE

To discuss the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, classification methods and treatment of the capitellar fractures of the distal humerus.

METHODS

In the study, 28 adult patients with the capitellar fractures were treated in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from Sep. 2008 to Jan. 2014. There were 10 females and 18 males with an average age of 34 years (range: 14-66 years). According to Dubberley classification: IA type in 6 cases, IB type in 2 cases, IIA type in 8 cases, IIB type in 4 cases, IIIA type in 4 cases, and IIIB type in 4 cases. Sixteen patients were treated with a single Kochr approach, 1 with a lateral approach combined with a medial approach, 2 combined with anterior elbow approach and 9 combined with posterior median approach. All of the fractures were fixed with Herbert screws, 7 cases with support plates, and 4 cases with the hinged elbow external fixator. All of the patients were followed up for clinical examination and radiograph check. They were evaluated with Broberg-Morrey score system.

RESULTS

The average follow-up time was 28.5 months (range 12-72 months). The average bone union time was 8 weeks. The average ulnohumeral motion was 112°(60°-150°) and forearm rotation was 145°(100°-170°). The average Broberg-Morrey score was 92.5 points (range: 62-100 points). The excellent and good rate was 91.8%. The complications of traumatic arthritis was in 2 cases and elbow stiffness was in 2 cases.

CONCLUSION

Attention should be paid to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of capitellar fractures without missing the combined injury. According to Dubberley classification, appropriate surgical approach and the internal and external fixed methods could be chosen. Early postoperative, reasonable and effective exercise is helpful to the recovery of elbow joint function.

Correlation between IL-6 and invasiveness of ectoderm cells of embryo in early pregnancy

This study aimed to explore the correlation between Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and invasiveness of ectoderm cells of embryo in early pregnancy, in order to further discuss whether IL-6 can enhance invasiveness of ectoderm cells. The study lays the foundation for determination of pathogenesis of some gestation period-related diseases. Differences in mRNA and protein expression of trophoblastic cell line JEG-3 cells in IL-6, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 were analyzed; the regulating effect of different concentrations of IL-6 on invasive ability of trophoblast cells was studied by Transwell assay; the effect of IL-6 on proliferation of ectodermal cell line JEG-3 of embryo was analyzed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The invasive number of JEG-3 cells incubated by IL-6 (10 ng/ml) was higher than that of the control group, and the difference had statistical significance (p < 0.05). Results of using MMT assay to detect the effect of IL-6 on proliferation of trophoblastic cell line JEG-3 showed that JEG-3 cells before and after processing had no significant difference from the control group (p >0.05). Therefore, IL-6 can enhance invasiveness of ectoderm cells of embryo through activation of MMP-2.

Observation of the Singly Cabibbo-Suppressed Decay D^{+}→ωπ^{+} and Evidence for D^{0}→ωπ^{0}

Based on 2.93  fb^{-1} e^{+}e^{-} collision data taken at center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV by the BESIII detector, we report searches for the singly Cabibbo-suppressed decays D^{+}→ωπ^{+} and D^{0}→ωπ^{0}. A double tag technique is used to measure the absolute branching fractions B(D^{+}→ωπ^{+})=(2.79±0.57±0.16)×10^{-4} and B(D^{0}→ωπ^{0})=(1.17±0.34±0.07)×10^{-4}, with statistical significances of 5.5σ and 4.1σ, where the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.

Measurements of Absolute Hadronic Branching Fractions of the Λ_{c}^{+} Baryon

We report the first measurement of absolute hadronic branching fractions of Λ_{c}^{+} baryon at the Λ_{c}^{+}Λ[over ¯]_{c}^{-} production threshold, in the 30 years since the Λ_{c}^{+} discovery. In total, 12 Cabibbo-favored Λ_{c}^{+} hadronic decay modes are analyzed with a double-tag technique, based on a sample of 567  pb^{-1} of e^{+}e^{-} collisions at sqrt[s]=4.599  GeV recorded with the BESIII detector. A global least-squares fitter is utilized to improve the measured precision. Among the measurements for twelve Λ_{c}^{+} decay modes, the branching fraction for Λ_{c}^{+}→pK^{-}π^{+} is determined to be (5.84±0.27±0.23)%, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. In addition, the measurements of the branching fractions of the other 11 Cabibbo-favored hadronic decay modes are significantly improved.

Measurement of Azimuthal Asymmetries in Inclusive Charged Dipion Production in e^{+}e^{-} Annihilations at sqrt[s]=3.65 GeV

We present a measurement of the azimuthal asymmetries of two charged pions in the inclusive process e^{+}e^{-}→ππX, based on a data set of 62  pb^{-1} at the center-of-mass energy of 3.65 GeV collected with the BESIII detector. These asymmetries can be attributed to the Collins fragmentation function. We observe a nonzero asymmetry, which increases with increasing pion momentum. As our energy scale is close to that of the existing semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering experimental data, the measured asymmetries are important inputs for the global analysis of extracting the quark transversity distribution inside the nucleon and are valuable to explore the energy evolution of the spin-dependent fragmentation function.

Versatile multiple protein nanopatterning within a microfluidic channel for cell recruitment studies

A novel approach combining self-assembly-based colloidal lithography and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micromolding to generate complex protein nanopatterns for studying the mechanisms of leukocyte extravasation within microchannels is presented. Nanostructured surfaces sealed onto PDMS-molded microchannels are chemically functionalized in situ in an all-aqueous process to generate bi-functional chemical nanopatterns. Subsequent co-immobilization with proteins makes use of common non-covalent coupling (e.g. HIS-tags, FC-tags and biotin-tags), giving nanopatterns of arbitrary combinations of oriented, functional proteins. Up to three different proteins were simultaneously co-immobilized into the microchannel with nanoscale precision, demonstrating the complex patterns. As a proof-of-principle, a mimic of an inflamed endothelium was constructed using a macro- and nanoscale pattern of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) and P-selectin, and the response of leukocytes through live cell imaging was measured. A clear result on the rolling behavior of the cells was observed with rolling limited to areas where ICAM1 and P-selectin are present. This micro/nano-interface will open new doors to investigations of how spatial distributions of proteins control cellular activity.

In situ precision electrospinning as an effective delivery technique for cyanoacrylate medical glue with high efficiency and low toxicity

The side effects or toxicity of cyanoacrylate used in vivo have been argued since its first application in wound closure. We propose an airflow-assisted in situ precision electrospinning apparatus as an applicator and make a detailed comparison with traditional spraying via in vitro and in vivo experiments. This novel method can not only improve operational performance and safety by precisely depositing cyanoacrylate fibers onto a wound, but significantly reduce the dosage of cyanoacrylate by almost 80%. A white blood cell count, liver function test and histological analysis prove that the in situ precision electrospinning applicator produces a better postoperative outcome, e.g., minor hepatocyte injury, moderate inflammation and the significant ability for liver regeneration. This in situ precision electrospinning method may thus dramatically broaden both civilian and military applications of cyanoacrylates.

Observation of a Neutral Structure near the DD[over ¯]^{*} Mass Threshold in e^{+}e^{-}→(DD[over ¯]^{*})^{0}π^{0} at sqrt[s]=4.226 and 4.257 GeV

A neutral structure in the DD[over ¯]^{*} system around the DD[over ¯]^{*} mass threshold is observed with a statistical significance greater than 10σ in the processes e^{+}e^{-}→D^{+}D^{*-}π^{0}+c.c. and e^{+}e^{-}→D^{0}D[over ¯]^{*0}π^{0}+c.c. at sqrt[s]=4.226 and 4.257 GeV in the BESIII experiment. The structure is denoted as Z_{c}(3885)^{0}. Assuming the presence of a resonance, its pole mass and width are determined to be [3885.7_{-5.7}^{+4.3}(stat)±8.4(syst)]  MeV/c^{2} and [35_{-12}^{+11}(stat)±15(syst)]  MeV, respectively. The Born cross sections are measured to be σ[e^{+}e^{-}→Z_{c}(3885)^{0}π^{0},Z_{c}(3885)^{0}→DD[over ¯]^{*}]=[77±13(stat)±17(syst)]  pb at 4.226 GeV and [47±9(stat)±10(syst)]  pb at 4.257 GeV. The ratio of decay rates B[Z_{c}(3885)^{0}→D^{+}D^{*-}+c.c.]/B[Z_{c}(3885)^{0}→D^{0}D[over ¯]^{*0}+c.c.] is determined to be 0.96±0.18(stat)±0.12(syst), consistent with no isospin violation in the process, Z_{c}(3885)^{0}→DD[over ¯]^{*}.

Measurement of the Absolute Branching Fraction for Λ_{c}^{+}→Λe^{+}ν_{e}

We report the first measurement of the absolute branching fraction for Λ_{c}^{+}→Λe^{+}ν_{e}. This measurement is based on 567  pb^{-1} of e^{+}e^{-} annihilation data produced at sqrt[s]=4.599  GeV, which is just above the Λ_{c}^{+}Λ[over ¯]_{c}^{-} threshold. The data were collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII storage rings. The branching fraction is determined to be B(Λ_{c}^{+}→Λe^{+}ν_{e})=[3.63±0.38(stat)±0.20(syst)]%, representing a significant improvement in precision over the current indirect determination. As the branching fraction for Λ_{c}^{+}→Λe^{+}ν_{e} is the benchmark for those of other Λ_{c}^{+} semileptonic channels, our result provides a unique test of different theoretical models, which is the most stringent to date.