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Al Amin N, Ahmad N, Wu N, Pu X, Ma T, Du Y, Bo X, Wang N, Sharif R, Wang P. Correction to: CRISPR-Cas9 mediated targeted disruption of FAD2-2 microsomal omega-6 desaturase in soybean (Glycine max.L). BMC Biotechnol 2020; 20:42. [PMID: 32819342 PMCID: PMC7439672 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-020-00634-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Noor Al Amin
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical, Development Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Nan Wu
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Xiumin Pu
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Tong Ma
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Yeyao Du
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoxue Bo
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Rahat Sharif
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Piwu Wang
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.
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202
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Amjed N, Wajid AM, Ahmad N, Ishaq M, Aslam MN, Hussain M, Qaim SM. Evaluation of nuclear reaction cross sections for optimization of production of the important non-standard positron emitting radionuclide 89Zr using proton and deuteron induced reactions on 89Y target. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 165:109338. [PMID: 32795775 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
89Zr (T1/2 = 3.27 d) is an important β+-emitting radionuclide of zirconium used in immuno PET. The excitation functions of the 89Y(d,2n)89Zr and 89Y(p,n)89Zr reactions were analyzed to deduce the optimum conditions for the high purity production of 89Zr. The nuclear model codes ALICE-IPPE, EMPIRE 3.2 and TALYS 1.9 were used to check the consistency and reliability of the experimental data. A polynomial fit to the chosen data for each reaction gave the excitation function, which was then used for the integral yield calculation of the product. The amount of the major radioactive impurity 88Zr was precisely analyzed for both the proton and the deuteron induced reactions on the 89Y target.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Amjed
- Department of Physics, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - A M Wajid
- Department of Physics, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - N Ahmad
- Department of Physics, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Ishaq
- Applied Physics Division, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M N Aslam
- Department of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - M Hussain
- Department of Physics, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - S M Qaim
- Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin, INM-5: Nuklearchemie, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
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203
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Chhabra G, Singh C, Ndiaye M, Ahmad N. 689 Anti-tumor effects and mechanism of 4′-bromo-resveratrol in a BRAFV600E/ PTENNULL melanoma mouse model. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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204
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Said D, Yassin Z, Ahmad N, Malik NNNA, Abdullah H. Impact of unbalanced harmonic loads towards winding temperature rise
using FEM modeling. IJEEI 2020; 8. [DOI: 10.11591/ijeei.v8i2.1283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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205
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Said D, Yassin Z, Ahmad N, Malik NNNA, Abdullah H. Impact of unbalanced harmonic loads towards winding temperature rise using FEM modeling. IJEEI 2020; 8. [DOI: 10.52549/ijeei.v8i2.1283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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206
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Iqbal S, Iqbal MM, Javed M, Bahadur A, Yasien S, Hurr A, Ahmad N, Raheel M, Liu G. Modified QuEChERS extraction method followed by simultaneous quantitation of nine multi-class pesticides in human blood and urine by using GC-MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1152:122227. [PMID: 32603923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphate, carbamate and pyrethroid pesticides are the most common insecticides used worldwide. They may cause chronic poisoning in farmers and acute poisoning in homicidal or suicidal cases. The determination of trace levels of these pesticides in human blood and urine is very challenging. This study focuses on a simultaneous quantitation method that was developed and validated for multi-class nine pesticides belonging to organophosphate, carbamate and pyrethroid classes in human blood and urine. Target pesticides were extracted from blood and urine using a modified QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) extraction method. Capillary column DB-35 ms (15 m × 0.25 mm, 0.25 µm) was used for chromatography with a 0.079 ml/min flow rate of carrier gas at constant pressure mode. Quantitation of sulfotep, phorate, carbofuran, chlorpyriphos, profenophos, triazophos, pyriproxyfen, lambda-cyhalothrin and permethrin was performed by mass spectrometer equipped with electron impact ionization source using selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. The lower and upper limits of quantitation for all nine pesticides were 0.01 mg/L and 2.0 mg/dL respectively. The proposed method was proved to be simple, fast, sensitive, and robust. It has been applied to the analysis of 9 pesticides samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Iqbal
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, Guangdong, China.
| | - Muhammad Muntazir Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Toxicology, Punjab Forensic Science Agency Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Javed
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Ali Bahadur
- Department of Transdisciplinary Studies, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 16229, South Korea
| | - Sara Yasien
- University College of Pharmacy, University of The Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amir Hurr
- Department of Toxicology, Punjab Forensic Science Agency Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Raheel
- Department of Chemistry, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Guocong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, Guangdong, China.
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207
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Abstract
Accident risk analysis for human safety and infrastructural improvement are key requirements of the engineering sector. The purpose of this paper is to identify and prioritize problematic segments of roads based upon the risk evaluation concept and to focus on the severity of accidents regarding human life loss and easy manoeuvring. This study includes the concept of considering road segments as decision-making units for application of data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique which has no compulsion of the distribution function and critical assumptions, unlike the multiple regression models. According to the proposed methodology, a section of Motorway (M-2) Lahore-Islamabad has been analyzed. Out of 200 segments under consideration, 99 segments were selected with at least one accident and one injury or fatality. Furthermore, for risk calculation and ranking of road segments, the DEA technique along with the cross-risk matrix method was applied. This optimization technique could not only be helpful in ranking but also technical decision-making and prioritizations for safety improvement, policymaking and budget allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah
- Taxila Institute of Transportation Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Taxila, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Taxila Institute of Transportation Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Taxila, Pakistan
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208
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Tareen FK, Shah KU, Ahmad N, Ur Rehman A, Shah SU, Ullah N. Proniosomes as a Carrier System for Transdermal Delivery of Clozapine. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:1-24. [PMID: 32362194 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1764020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to formulate the clozapine (CLZ) loaded proniosomal gel (PN) and evaluate it's in vitro release, ex vivo permeation and gel properties. CLZ is a BCS class II drug with low bioavailability of 27% and severe adverse drug reactions (ADRs) due to frequent dosing. Proniosomes offer a versatile pro-vesicular approach with potential in transdermal drug delivery. PN-CLZ gel was prepared by the coacervation phase separation method utilizing span-60, cholesterol and lecithin. Optimization of PN gel was done by hit & trial method and the formulations were characterized for particle size, entrapment efficiency (EE), polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta potential (ZP). The optimized formulation had the highest entrapment efficiency of 90% and the average particle size of approx. 325 nm. PDI reflected homogeneity in the formulation. ZP was -59.76 mV, high enough to indicate a stable formulation. The in vitro release studies manifested a sustained release behavior of clozapine from the proniosomal gel. The ex vivo permeation showed noteworthy permeation of the drug through stratum corneum with a steady state flux of 18.26 ug/cm2/hr. The optimized gel was analyzed for pH, spreadability, bioadhesion and rheology. The results suggested that clozapine could be effectively loaded into proniosomal gel for administration through skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Khan Tareen
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Kifayat Ullah Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Asim Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Shefaat Ullah Shah
- Deaprtment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D.I.Khan, Pakistan
| | - Naseem Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
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209
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Ahmad N, Zhu Y, Shao J, Lin H. Stakeholders' perspective on strategies to promote contaminated site remediation and brownfield redevelopment in developing countries: empirical evidence from Pakistan. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:14614-14633. [PMID: 32052332 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07990-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to the potential of reducing negative outcomes of brownfields on environment and contribution to urban sustainability, brownfield redevelopment (BR) gained considerable recognition in the more recent era. Comprehensive literature shows that many studies proposed strategies to promote BR in developed nations; however, studies focusing on developing economies are scarce. Therefore, this study intends to identify significant strategies to promote BR in developing countries by taking the case of Pakistan. A comprehensive literature review and expert opinion were commenced to identify potential strategies. Data were collected from the main stakeholders involved in BR process through an empirical questionnaire. The findings revealed that "Low-interest loans and subsidies with the collaboration of government and financial institutions," "Standardized definition, guidelines, and simplified brownfield process," "Development of technical and infrastructure support," "Create investors interest," "Strengthening remediation technologies R&D" were the five most important strategies to promote BR in Pakistan. Theoretically, the novelty of the current study is to highlight the key strategies to promote BR in developing countries. Practically, the study facilitates governments, urban policymakers, environmentalists, and stakeholders to propose and implement appropriate strategies for promoting BR. Future studies can consider modeling the interactions between strategies and their impact on BR adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Ahmad
- School of Management, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuming Zhu
- School of Management, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Shao
- School of Management, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Lin
- School of Management, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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210
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Whitehead D, Kelly C, Ahmad N. A case series of patients, including a consultant rhinologist, who all experienced a loss of smell associated with confirmed or suspected COVID-19. RHINOL 2020. [DOI: 10.4193/rhinol/20.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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211
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Nitschel R, Ankenbauer A, Welsch I, Wirth NT, Massner C, Ahmad N, McColm S, Borges F, Fotheringham I, Takors R, Blombach B. Engineering Pseudomonas putida KT2440 for the production of isobutanol. Eng Life Sci 2020; 20:148-159. [PMID: 32874178 PMCID: PMC7447888 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201900151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We engineered P. putida for the production of isobutanol from glucose by preventing product and precursor degradation, inactivation of the soluble transhydrogenase SthA, overexpression of the native ilvC and ilvD genes, and implementation of the feedback-resistant acetolactate synthase AlsS from Bacillus subtilis, ketoacid decarboxylase KivD from Lactococcus lactis, and aldehyde dehydrogenase YqhD from Escherichia coli. The resulting strain P. putida Iso2 produced isobutanol with a substrate specific product yield (Y Iso/S) of 22 ± 2 mg per gram of glucose under aerobic conditions. Furthermore, we identified the ketoacid decarboxylase from Carnobacterium maltaromaticum to be a suitable alternative for isobutanol production, since replacement of kivD from L. lactis in P. putida Iso2 by the variant from C. maltaromaticum yielded an identical YIso/S. Although P. putida is regarded as obligate aerobic, we show that under oxygen deprivation conditions this bacterium does not grow, remains metabolically active, and that engineered producer strains secreted isobutanol also under the non-growing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Nitschel
- Institute of Biochemical EngineeringUniversity of StuttgartStuttgartGermany
| | - Andreas Ankenbauer
- Institute of Biochemical EngineeringUniversity of StuttgartStuttgartGermany
| | - Ilona Welsch
- Institute of Biochemical EngineeringUniversity of StuttgartStuttgartGermany
| | - Nicolas T. Wirth
- Institute of Biochemical EngineeringUniversity of StuttgartStuttgartGermany
| | - Christoph Massner
- Institute of Biochemical EngineeringUniversity of StuttgartStuttgartGermany
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Ingenza Ltd., Roslin Innovation CentreCharnock Bradley Building, Easter Bush CampusRoslinUK
| | - Stephen McColm
- Ingenza Ltd., Roslin Innovation CentreCharnock Bradley Building, Easter Bush CampusRoslinUK
| | - Frédéric Borges
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Biomolécules (LIBio)Université de LorraineNancyFrance
| | - Ian Fotheringham
- Ingenza Ltd., Roslin Innovation CentreCharnock Bradley Building, Easter Bush CampusRoslinUK
| | - Ralf Takors
- Institute of Biochemical EngineeringUniversity of StuttgartStuttgartGermany
| | - Bastian Blombach
- Institute of Biochemical EngineeringUniversity of StuttgartStuttgartGermany
- Microbial Biotechnology, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and SustainabilityTechnical University of MunichStraubingGermany
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212
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Ahmad A, Ali H, Khan H, Begam A, Khan S, Ali SS, Ahmad N, Fazal H, Ali M, Hano C, Ahmad N, Abbasi BH. Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Production of Biomass, Polyphenolics and Steviol Glycosides in Adventitious Root Cultures of Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.). Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:plants9040420. [PMID: 32235525 PMCID: PMC7238111 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In current study, the effect of gibberellic acid was tested for production of biomass, polyphenolics and Steviol glycosides in adventitious root cultures of Stevia rebaudiana. Adventitious cultures were induced from the roots of in vitro grown plantlets on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing combination of gibberellic acid (GA3; 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/L) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA; 0.5 mg/L). Initially, a known mass of inoculum roots were shifted into suspension media augmented with various GA3 concentrations. The growth behavior of adventitious roots was recorded every 3 days for a period of 30 days. Maximum biomass biosynthesis (13.12 g/flask) was noticed in exponential phase on 27th day in the suspension containing 2.0 mg/L of GA3. Other GA3 concentrations also displayed optimum patterns of biomass accumulation as compared to the control. Adventitious roots were investigated for total phenolic content (TPC) and production (TPP), total flavonoid content (TFC) and production (TFP), and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-based antioxidant potential. Maximum phenolics (TPC 9.84 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g-dry weight (DW)) and TPP (147.6 mg/L), TFC (5.12 mg Quercitin equivalent (QE)/g-DW) and TFP (76.91 mg/L) were observed in 2.0 mg/L GA3 treated cultures. The same concentration of gibberellic acid enhanced antioxidant activity (77.2%). Furthermore, maximum stevioside (7.13 mg/g-DW), rebaudioside-A (0.27 mg/g-DW) and dulcoside-A (0.001 mg/g-DW) were observed in roots exposed to 2.0 mg/L GA3. This is the first report on the application of GA3 on biomass accumulation and secondary metabolite production in S. rebaudiana. The current study will be helpful to scale up the adventitious root cultures in bioreactors for the production of biomass and pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashfaq Ahmad
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.A.); (H.K.); (A.B.); (S.K.); (S.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.A.); (H.K.); (A.B.); (S.K.); (S.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Habiba Khan
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.A.); (H.K.); (A.B.); (S.K.); (S.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Almas Begam
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.A.); (H.K.); (A.B.); (S.K.); (S.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Sheraz Khan
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.A.); (H.K.); (A.B.); (S.K.); (S.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Syed Shujait Ali
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.A.); (H.K.); (A.B.); (S.K.); (S.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan;
| | - Hina Fazal
- Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan;
| | - Mohammad Ali
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.A.); (H.K.); (A.B.); (S.K.); (S.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Christophe Hano
- Université d’Orléans, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, F28000 Chartres, France;
| | - Nisar Ahmad
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.A.); (H.K.); (A.B.); (S.K.); (S.S.A.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (B.H.A.)
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (B.H.A.)
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213
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Tahir M, Naeem M, Shahid M, Khalid U, Farooq A, Ahmad N, Ahmad I, Arshad M, Waqar A. Inoculation of
pqq
E gene inhabiting
Pantoea
and
Pseudomonas
strains improves the growth and grain yield of wheat with a reduced amount of chemical fertilizer. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 129:575-589. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Tahir
- Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Campus Pakistan
| | - M.A. Naeem
- Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Campus Pakistan
| | - M. Shahid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - U. Khalid
- Department of Agronomy Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Punjab Pakistan
| | - A.B.U. Farooq
- Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Campus Pakistan
| | - N. Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Campus Pakistan
| | - I. Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Campus Pakistan
| | - M. Arshad
- Department of Biotechnology University of Okara Punjab Pakistan
| | - A. Waqar
- Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Campus Pakistan
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214
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Ahmad N, Tayyeb D, Ali I, K. Alruwaili N, Ahmad W, ur Rehman A, Khan AH, Iqbal MS. Development and Characterization of Hemicellulose-Based Films for Antibacterial Wound-Dressing Application. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E548. [PMID: 32138203 PMCID: PMC7183054 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemicelluloses are biopolymers with versatile properties for biomedical applications. Herein, hemicellulose (arabinoxylan)-based antibacterial film dressings were prepared and characterized. Arabinoxylan was isolated from psyllium husk. Blank and gentamicin-loaded films were prepared by the solvent cast method using glycerol as the plasticizer. The appropriate composition of the films was obtained by varying the amounts of arabinoxylan, glycerol, and gentamicin. The films were found to be transparent, smooth, bubble-free, flexible, and easily peelable with 2% to 3% arabinoxylan. They had uniform thickness and swelled up to 60% of their initial size. The mechanical properties and water vapor transmission rate through the films were found to be suitable for wound-dressing application. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed drug-film compatibility. In an in vitro release study, more than 85% of the gentamicin was released from the films in 12 h. The antibacterial activities of the gentamicin-loaded films were found to be close to the standard gentamicin solution. The films were found to be cytocompatible in cell viability assay. These results suggested that hemicellulose-based films are promising materials for the dressing of infected wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72388, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy, Forman Christian College, Ferozepur Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Danial Tayyeb
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College, Ferozepur Road, Lahore 54600, Pakista
| | - Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College, Ferozepur Road, Lahore 54600, Pakista
| | - Nabil K. Alruwaili
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Atta ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Forman Christian College, Ferozepur Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Haleem Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Forman Christian College, Ferozepur Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Saeed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College, Ferozepur Road, Lahore 54600, Pakista
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Ahmad M, Bhatti I, Qureshi K, Ahmad N, Nisar J, Zuber M, Ashar A, Khan M, Iqbal M. Graphene oxide supported Fe2(MoO4)3 nano rods assembled round-ball fabrication via hydrothermal route and photocatalytic degradation of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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216
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Bi Y, Hu Z, Lin X, Ahmad N, Xu J, Xu X. Efficient CO 2 capture by a novel deep eutectic solvent through facile, one-pot synthesis with low energy consumption and feasible regeneration. Sci Total Environ 2020; 705:135798. [PMID: 31862535 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With steady growth on CO2 emission over the years, removal of CO2 from the environment is a critical issue in preventing global warming and climate change. Due to negligible volatility and remarkable thermal stability, ionic liquids have become potential media for CO2 capture. However, their drawbacks such as high price, toxicity and inefficient energy consumption have severely limited their applications in CO2 capture. Here, a promising deep eutectic solvent was synthesized by a one-pot method, simply mixing NH4Cl with monoethanolamine (MEA) at 30 °C for 30 min to form [MEAHCl][MEA] confirmed by 1H NMR. [MEAHCl][MEA] with EG exhibits a rapid initial kinetics of CO2 absorption, around 22.5 wt% within 10 min. It also has good thermal-stability, high tolerance to water contents, economically feasibility of regeneration and robust performance in recycle. This novel capture system which can be prepared on-site is feasible for industrialization and offers an efficient, inexpensive and safe system for CO2 capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Bi
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, PR China
| | - Zhengtian Hu
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, PR China
| | - Xingyu Lin
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, PR China
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, PR China
| | - Jian Xu
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, PR China
| | - Xia Xu
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, PR China.
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Jameel A, Noman M, Liu W, Ahmad N, Wang F, Li X, Li H. Tinkering Cis Motifs Jigsaw Puzzle Led to Root-Specific Drought-Inducible Novel Synthetic Promoters. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1357. [PMID: 32085397 PMCID: PMC7072871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Following an in-depth transcriptomics-based approach, we first screened out and analyzed (in silico) cis motifs in a group of 63 drought-inducible genes (in soybean). Six novel synthetic promoters (SynP14-SynP19) were designed by concatenating 11 cis motifs, ABF, ABRE, ABRE-Like, CBF, E2F-VARIANT, G-box, GCC-Box, MYB1, MYB4, RAV1-A, and RAV1-B (in multiple copies and various combination) with a minimal 35s core promoter and a 222 bp synthetic intron sequence. In order to validate their drought-inducibility and root-specificity, the designed synthetic assemblies were transformed in soybean hairy roots to drive GUS gene using pCAMBIA3301. Through GUS histochemical assay (after a 72 h 6% PEG6000 treatment), we noticed higher glucuronidase activity in transgenic hairy roots harboring SynP15, SynP16, and SynP18. Further screening through GUS fluorometric assay flaunted SynP16 as the most appropriate combination of efficient drought-responsive cis motifs. Afterwards, we stably transformed SynP15, SynP16, and SynP18 in Arabidopsis and carried out GUS staining as well as fluorometric assays of the transgenic plants treated with simulated drought stress. Consistently, SynP16 retained higher transcriptional activity in Arabidopsis roots in response to drought. Thus the root-specific drought-inducible synthetic promoters designed using stimulus-specific cis motifs in a definite fashion could be exploited in developing drought tolerance in soybean and other crops as well. Moreover, the rationale of design extends our knowledge of trial-and-error based cis engineering to construct synthetic promoters for transcriptional upgradation against other stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaowei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, China; (A.J.); (M.N.); (W.L.); (N.A.)
| | - Haiyan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, China; (A.J.); (M.N.); (W.L.); (N.A.)
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218
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Elmowafy M, Alruwaili NK, Shalaby K, Alharbi KS, Altowayan WM, Ahmad N, Zafar A, Elkomy M. Long-Acting Paliperidone Parenteral Formulations Based on Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles; the Influence of Stabilizer and Chitosan on In Vitro Release, Protein Adsorption, and Cytotoxicity. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E160. [PMID: 32079093 PMCID: PMC7076490 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12020160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-acting preparations containing the antipsychotic paliperidone for intramuscular injection has drawn considerable attention to achieve harmless long-term treatment. This study aimed to develop paliperidone loaded polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles and investigate the influence of PCL/drug ratio, stabilizer type, and chitosan coating on physicochemical properties, protein adsorption, and cellular toxicity. Results showed that chitosan coating produced enlarged particle sizes, shifted the surface charges from negative into positive and did not influence encapsulation efficiencies. Chitosan coating relatively sustained the drug release especially in pluronic stabilized formulations. Pluronic F127 based formulations exhibited the least protein adsorption (384.3 μg/mL). Chitosan coating of Tween 80 and polyvinyl alcohol stabilized formulations significantly (p < 0.05) increased protein adsorption. Cellular viability was concentration-dependent and negatively affected by stabilizers. All formulations did not show cellular death at 1.56 μg/mL. Inflammatory responses and oxidative stress were less affected by Tween 80 compared with other stabilizers. Chitosan minimized all aspects of cellular toxicity. Collectively, stabilizer type and chitosan coating play critical roles in developing safe and effective long-acting PCL nanoparticles intended for parenteral drug delivery. The coated formulations containing Tween 80 and Pluronic F127 as stabilizers are warranted a future in vivo study to delineate its safety and efficacy profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Elmowafy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakakah P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia; (N.K.A.); (K.S.); (N.A.); (A.Z.); (M.E.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, 11751 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nabil K. Alruwaili
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakakah P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia; (N.K.A.); (K.S.); (N.A.); (A.Z.); (M.E.)
| | - Khaled Shalaby
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakakah P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia; (N.K.A.); (K.S.); (N.A.); (A.Z.); (M.E.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, 11751 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khalid S. Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakakah P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Waleed M. Altowayan
- Pharmacy Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakakah P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia; (N.K.A.); (K.S.); (N.A.); (A.Z.); (M.E.)
| | - Ameeduzzafar Zafar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakakah P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia; (N.K.A.); (K.S.); (N.A.); (A.Z.); (M.E.)
| | - Mohammed Elkomy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakakah P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia; (N.K.A.); (K.S.); (N.A.); (A.Z.); (M.E.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, 62521 Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Ishfaq K, Ali MA, Ahmad N, Zahoor S, Al-Ahmari AM, Hafeez F. Modelling the Mechanical Attributes (Roughness, Strength, and Hardness) of Al-alloy A356 during Sand Casting. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:ma13030598. [PMID: 32012844 PMCID: PMC7040807 DOI: 10.3390/ma13030598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sand-casting is a well established primary process for manufacturing various parts of A356 alloy. However, the quality of the casting is adversely affected by the change in the magnitude of the control variables. For instance, a larger magnitude of pouring velocity induces a drop effect and a lower velocity increases the likelihood of cold-shut and mis-run types of defects. Similarly, a high pouring temperature causes the formation of hot tears, whereas a low temperature is a source of premature solidification. Likewise, a higher moisture content yields microcracks (due to gas shrinkages) in the casting and a lower moisture content results in the poor strength of the mold. Therefore, the appropriate selection of control variables is essential to ensure quality manufactured products. The empirical relations could provide valuable guidance in this regard. Additionally, although the casting process was optimized for A356 alloy, it was mostly done for a single response. Therefore, this paper aimed to formulate empirical relations for the contradictory responses, i.e., hardness, ultimate tensile strength and surface roughness, using the response surface methodology. The experimental results were comprehensively analyzed using statistical and scanning electron microscopic analyses. Optimized parameters were proposed and validated to achieve castings with high hardness (84.5 HB) and strength (153.5 MPa) with minimum roughness (5.8 µm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Ishfaq
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +923224998308
| | - Muhammad Asad Ali
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila 47080, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan
- Industrial Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Architecture, Al-yamamah University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadaf Zahoor
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan
| | - Abdulrahman M. Al-Ahmari
- Industrial Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Hafeez
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila 47080, Pakistan
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220
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Zia MA, Sohail M, Minhas MU, Sarfraz RM, Khan S, de Matas M, Hussain Z, Abbasi M, Shah SA, Kousar M, Ahmad N. HEMA based pH-sensitive semi IPN microgels for oral delivery; a rationale approach for ketoprofen. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:272-282. [PMID: 31928342 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1716378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: The study aimed to develop safe, effective, and targeted drug delivery system for administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the form of microgels. We developed pH responsive microgels to overcome the mucosal damage caused by traditional immediate release dosage forms. Colon targeting and controlled release formulations have the potential to improve efficacy and reduce undesirable effects associated with NSAIDs.Methods: The pH sensitive oral hydrogel demonstrates the potential to target the colon. Cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) based microgel particles were produced using a free radical polymerization technique using ammonium persulfate (APS) initiator and methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as the crosslinking agent. Swelling and in-vitro drug release studies were performed at a range of pH conditions. The produced formulations were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction. Biocompatibility of the microgels was analyzed in cytotoxicity studies.Key findings: The swelling and release rate were negligible at pH 1.2, which confirmed the pH-responsiveness of CAP-co-poly(HEMA). The co-polymeric system prevents the release of ketoprofen sodium in the stomach owing to limited swelling at gastric pH, whilst promoting release at the basic pH observed in the colon. SEM images confirmed porous nature of the microgels that facilitate effective drug diffusion through the polymeric matrix. Cytotoxicity studies revealed biocompatibility of hydrogels.Conclusion: These investigations showed that that the controlled drug release and gastro-protective drug delivery of NSAIDS was achieved using CAP-co-poly(HEMA) microgel particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adnan Zia
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Shahzeb Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, KPK, Pakistan.,Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.,Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, UKZN, Durban, South Africa
| | | | - Zahid Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Mudassir Abbasi
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ahmed Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan
| | - Mubeen Kousar
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London UK, London, UK
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221
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Shehzad MA, Nawaz F, Ahmad F, Ahmad N, Masood S. Protective effect of potassium and chitosan supply on growth, physiological processes and antioxidative machinery in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under drought stress. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 187:109841. [PMID: 31677566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is one of the extreme effects of climate change causing large losses in production of crop plants. The risk of recurrent droughts has increased in next decades hence, the development of shot-gun, inexpensive and effective approaches is essential to ensure high yield of crops in drought-prone areas of the world. Exogenous application of nutrients such as potassium (K) has been reported to increase abiotic resistance and improve yield in crops however, knowledge regarding interaction of K with osmoprotectants like chitosan (Ct) still remains elusive. Here, we report the effects of individual or combined K (using K2SO4 as a source) or Ct application on growth, physiological processes and antioxidative defense system of sunflower under drought stress. At first, various doses of K (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 g/l) and Ct (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 g/l) were foliar applied to evaluate their role in improving plant biomass, water status and total chlorophyll in drought-induced seedlings of sunflower. The optimized K (11.48 g/l) and Ct (0.28 g/l) doses were further tested in second experiment to understand the underlying mechanisms of drought tolerance. Foliar K + Ct spray markedly enhanced the leaf gas exchange characteristics, increased proline, soluble proteins, and free amino acids, upregulated antioxidant defense system and helped to maintain plant water status in sunflower exposed to drought stress. The impact of drought stress was more pronounced at vegetative than reproductive stage and positive effects of combined K and Ct application were related to improved physiological and metabolic processes to improve yield and quality of sunflower under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fahim Nawaz
- Department of Agronomy, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, 66000, Pakistan
| | - Fiaz Ahmad
- Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan, 66000, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- National Institute of Food Science & Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
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222
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Saleem M, Sarwar Z, Saad M, Zahoor I, Ahmad N, Riaz A. 193 Effect of clinical metritis on oocyte recovery, oocyte quality, and early invitro developmental competence of embryos in Bos indicus dairy cattle. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv32n2ab193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Unhygienic practices at the time of parturition or AI lead to uterine infections. The uterine infections ultimately result in genetic drain by culling the elite animals. The invivo developmental competence of embryos is compromised in clinically metritic animals. The genetic potential of problematic females could be harvested by invitro embryo production (IVEP). Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of clinical metritis on oocyte recovery, oocyte quality, and early invitro developmental competence of embryos in Bos indicus dairy cattle. This experiment was carried out from December 2017 to April 2018. Ovaries were collected from a local abattoir (Bos indicus; 5- to 8-year-old dairy cattle, body condition score 2.75±0.25, mixed parity). These ovaries (n=982) were divided into two groups: (1) clinically metritic (n=184), and (2) healthy (n=798), based upon the presence or absence of pus in the uterine lumen. Oocytes were aspirated from follicles using an 18G needle attached to a 10-mL syringe. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were categorized into A, B, C, and D grades based on the number of layers of cumulus cells and integrity of ooplasm. The oocytes of grades A and B were subsequently transferred in groups (10/group) in four-well plates containing 100-μL droplets. The droplets with oocytes were covered with prewarmed mineral oil and incubated for 24h at 38.5°C, 5% CO2, and 95% relative humidity. The oocytes were evaluated for IVM on the basis of cumulus expansion. Frozen semen was thawed and prepared using the sperm swim-up procedure for each group. Spermatozoa and oocytes were incubated together for a period of 18h. The presumptive zygotes were invitro cultured for 4 days in a CO2 incubator under similar culture conditions. The cleavage rate, 4-cell, and 8-cell stages were recorded on Days 2, 3, and 4 after the day of insemination, respectively. Data on oocyte recovery, oocyte quality, IVM, cleavage rate, and 4-cell and 8-cell stages were analysed by Chi-squared test using SPSS software (version 20; IBM Corp.) for Windows. Results demonstrated that recovery rate was lower (63.8% vs. 71.7%; P<0.05) in clinically metritic compared with healthy cattle. Similarly, oocytes of grade A and B quality were lower (41.0% vs. 51.1%; P<0.05), whereas those of C and D quality were higher (59.0% vs. 48.9%; P<0.05) in clinically metritic compared with the healthy group. Moreover, 4-cell (38.2% vs. 54.8%) and 8-cell stage embryos (11.3% vs. 29.1%), were lower (P<0.05) in the clinically metritic compared with the healthy group, respectively. However, maturation rate and cleavage rate did not differ (P>0.05) between groups. In conclusion, metritis in slaughterhouse ovaries negatively affects oocyte recovery rate, oocyte quality, and early invitro developmental competence of embryos in Bos indicus dairy cattle.
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223
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Ahmad N, Saleem M. Characterization of desi ghee obtained from different extraction methods using Raman spectroscopy. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019; 223:117311. [PMID: 31277028 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the potential of Raman spectroscopy has been utilized to characterize the methods direct cream (DC), milk butter (MB) and milk skin (MS) used for the extraction of desi ghee from buffalo and cow milk. Raman spectra from six types of ghee samples extracted by above methods were acquired using two laser wavelengths of 532 and 785 nm. The Raman spectra of cow ghee revealed that it contains three bands of beta-carotene at 1005, 1156 and 1520 cm-1 which differentiated it from buffalo ghee. To highlight small spectral differences, statistical analysis through principal component analysis (PCA) has been performed on the Raman spectra of ghee samples to reach subsequent conclusion. Based on the variations in molecular composition of cow ghee samples, it has been found that DC method retain relatively higher concentration of beta-carotene and MB method contain higher concentration of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and fatty acids than MS method. Similarly, DC & MS methods were found best for retaining relatively higher concentration of CLA and fatty acids in buffalo ghee as compared to MB method which retains relatively higher concentration of fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Ahmad
- Agri. & Biophotonics Division, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), Lehtrar Road, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Physics, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) Mirpur, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - M Saleem
- Agri. & Biophotonics Division, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), Lehtrar Road, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Mohsan I, Mohsan I, Haque M, Ahmad N, Mustafa H. Short Communication: Effect of dietary protein level on growth and body condition score of male Beetal goats during summer. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v49i5.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effects of feeding various dietary protein levels on the fattening of male Beetal goats were investigated. Twenty-seven bucks (initial bodyweight 35 ± 0.5 kg) between 12 and 16 months old were randomly assigned to one of three treatments The treatments, which were provided as isocaloric supplements to 5 kg fresh sorghum fodder, differed in the amount of crude protein (CP), namely i) 18% CP (LP) ii) 25.5% CP (MP) and iii) 31.6% CP (HP). Feed intake and faecal score were recorded daily. Live bodyweight was recorded every 14 days. Wither height, heart girth, body length and body condition score were recorded monthly. Dry matter intake and average daily gain increased linearly with the level of CP in the diet. The average body condition score, wither height and heart girth were significantly greater in for goats in the HP group compared with those in LP and MP groups. However, dietary protein did not affect body length. Thus, feeding higher levels of CP linearly increased the growth, feed intake and feed efficiency of growing Beetal goats. The mean faecal score was lower for goats in the HP group compared with goats in the LP group.Keywords: average daily gain, body measurements, faecal consistency
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225
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Ameeduzzafar, El-Bagory I, Alruwaili NK, Elkomy MH, Ahmad J, Afzal M, Ahmad N, Elmowafy M, Alharbi KS, Md Shoaib Alam. Development of novel dapagliflozin loaded solid self-nanoemulsifying oral delivery system: Physiochemical characterization and in vivo antidiabetic activity. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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226
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Mohsin I, Shahid M, Haque M, Ahmad N. Effect of bypass fat on growth and body condition score of male Beetal goats during summer. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v49i5.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of feeding rumen bypass fat on the growth of male Beetal goats. Twenty-seven male kids with an average bodyweight of 34 ± 1.8 kg (mean ± SD) and aged 12 to 15 months were randomly divided into three treatment groups under a completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of : i) CON, basal diet without added fat (basal diet of chopped sorghum with 0.75 kg concentrate per animal); ii) MF, basal diet with added fat at 2.5% of dry matter in concentrate (Energizer-RP10, Scothorn Nutrition, Malaysia); and iii) HF, basal diet with added fat at 5% of dry matter in concentrate. Dry matter intake (DMI) and faecal score were recorded daily. Live bodyweight was recorded fortnightly. Linear body measurements, which included wither height (WH), heart girth (HG), body length (BL), and body condition scores (BCS), were recorded monthly. The results indicated that the addition of bypass fat in concentrate did not affect DMI linearly. However, a quadratic trend of DMI was observed in response to fat addition (P <0.1). The average daily gain was similar for CON, MF, and HF treatment groups (P >0.05). Moreover, the addition of bypass fat did not affect the BCS, WH, HG, and BL. The HF group had a higher faecal score than the CON and MF groups (P <0.05). The current findings conclude that the addition of bypass fat in diets did not improve the growth performance of yearling Beetal male goats.Keywords: average daily gain, body measurements, supplemental fat
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Ahmad N, Saleem M, Atta BM, Mahmood S. Characterization of Desi Ghee Extracted by Different Methods Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy. J Fluoresc 2019; 29:1411-1421. [PMID: 31758370 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-019-02453-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, the effect of ghee extraction methods (direct cream DC, milk butter MB and milk skin MS) on its molecular composition has been investigated using Fluorescence spectroscopy. The excitation wavelength of 300 nm was found the best to produce pronounced spectral signatures of beta-carotene, vitamins and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in both cow and buffalo ghee types. Principal component analysis (PCA) has been applied on the spectral data to visualize the classification among ghee samples extracted by three methods. Both cow and buffalo ghee contain spectral signatures of vitamin A, E, K, D and CLA which has been verified through plotting loading vectors. The analysis of loading plots has been suggested that for cow ghee, MS extraction method conserve relatively higher concentration of beta carotene while DC and MB methods are a good choice for preserving relatively more concentrations of vitamins D, E and K. Similarly, for buffalo ghee, MS extraction method appear with higher concentration of CLA, whereas DC extraction method looks to preserve relatively higher concentration of vitamin A while MB method retains relatively low concentration of CLA and vitamins as compared to other two methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Physics, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur, 10250(AJK), Pakistan
| | - M Saleem
- Agri. & Biophotonics Division, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Lehtrar road, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Babar Manzoor Atta
- Agri. & Biophotonics Division, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Lehtrar road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - S Mahmood
- Department of Physics, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur, 10250(AJK), Pakistan
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228
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Ahmad N, Robert CA, Jampa A, Ashraf S, Patel RS. Antepartum Drug Dependence and Pregnancy- or Birth-related Complications: A Cross-sectional Study of 19 Million Inpatients. Cureus 2019; 11:e6117. [PMID: 31886056 PMCID: PMC6903893 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.6117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the demographic characteristics, hospitalization outcomes [severity, length of stay (LOS), and total expense], and comorbidities in pregnant patients with antepartum drug dependence (ADD). Methods We used the national inpatient sample (NIS) and included 19,170,561 female patients (age: 12-40 years) hospitalized for pregnancy- or birth-related complications and grouped by co-diagnosis of ADD. We used descriptive statistics and Pearson’s chi-square test for categorical data and independent sample T-test for the continuous data to measure the differences in demographic and hospital outcomes. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the odds ratio (OR) for medical and psychiatric comorbidities. Results The hospitalizations with ADD declined initially, from 2010 to 2011, followed by an increase of 50% from 2011 to 2014. White pregnant females (77.5%), and those from low-income families (<25th percentile, 37.1 %) had comorbid ADD. Among medical comorbidities, iron-deficiency anemia was the most prevalent condition in pregnant inpatients (12.0% in ADD vs. 9.2% in non-ADD) followed by obesity and hypertension. Depression (12.9%) was the most prevalent psychiatric comorbidity in ADD inpatients followed by comorbid psychosis (three-fold higher odds). Among patients with substance use disorder (SUD), opioid abuse was the most prevalent one (67.3%) followed by cannabis (11.2%), cocaine (5.7%), amphetamine (4.0%), and alcohol (2.4%). Half of the pregnant inpatients with ADD had moderate severity of illness due to pregnancy or birth-related complications with four-fold higher odds [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.67-8.88]. They also had a higher LOS with a mean difference of 0.88 days (95% CI: 0.904-0.865) and had incurred higher total charges, by USD 3,797 (95% CI: 3,927-3,666), per inpatient admission for pregnancy- or birth-related complications compared to non-ADD inpatients Conclusion ADD is associated with the worsening of severity of illness in pregnancy- or birth-related complications and requires acute inpatient care that leads to increased healthcare-related economic burden. The integration of SUD services with primary or maternal care is required to improve outcomes in at-risk women in the reproductive age group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alekhya Jampa
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belgaum, IND
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229
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Ameeduzzafar, El-Bagory I, Alruwaili NK, Imam SS, Alomar FA, Elkomy MH, Ahmad N, Elmowafy M. Quality by design (QbD) based development and validation of bioanalytical RP-HPLC method for dapagliflozin: Forced degradation and preclinical pharmacokinetic study. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2019.1667820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ameeduzzafar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim El-Bagory
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil K. Alruwaili
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Sarim Imam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fadhel Ahmed Alomar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H. Elkomy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Elmowafy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
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230
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Noman M, Jameel A, Qiang WD, Ahmad N, Liu WC, Wang FW, Li HY. Overexpression of GmCAMTA12 Enhanced Drought Tolerance in Arabidopsis and Soybean. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4849. [PMID: 31569565 PMCID: PMC6801534 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fifteen transcription factors in the CAMTA (calmodulin binding transcription activator) family of soybean were reported to differentially regulate in multiple stresses; however, their functional analyses had not yet been attempted. To characterize their role in stresses, we first comprehensively analyzed the GmCAMTA family in silico and thereafter determined their expression pattern under drought. The bioinformatics analysis revealed multiple stress-related cis-regulatory elements including ABRE, SARE, G-box and W-box, 10 unique miRNA (microRNA) targets in GmCAMTA transcripts and 48 proteins in GmCAMTAs' interaction network. We then cloned the 2769 bp CDS (coding sequence) of GmCAMTA12 in an expression vector and overexpressed in soybean and Arabidopsis through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The T3 (Transgenic generation 3) stably transformed homozygous lines of Arabidopsis exhibited enhanced tolerance to drought in soil as well as on MS (Murashige and Skoog) media containing mannitol. In their drought assay, the average survival rate of transgenic Arabidopsis lines OE5 and OE12 (Overexpression Line 5 and Line 12) was 83.66% and 87.87%, respectively, which was ~30% higher than that of wild type. In addition, the germination and root length assays as well as physiological indexes such as proline and malondialdehyde contents, catalase activity and leakage of electrolytes affirmed the better performance of OE lines. Similarly, GmCAMTA12 overexpression in soybean promoted drought-efficient hairy roots in OE chimeric plants as compare to that of VC (Vector control). In parallel, the improved growth performance of OE in Hoagland-PEG (polyethylene glycol) and on MS-mannitol was revealed by their phenotypic, physiological and molecular measures. Furthermore, with the overexpression of GmCAMTA12, the downstream genes including AtAnnexin5, AtCaMHSP, At2G433110 and AtWRKY14 were upregulated in Arabidopsis. Likewise, in soybean hairy roots, GmELO, GmNAB and GmPLA1-IId were significantly upregulated as a result of GmCAMTA12 overexpression and majority of these upregulated genes in both plants possess CAMTA binding CGCG/CGTG motif in their promoters. Taken together, we report that GmCAMTA12 plays substantial role in tolerance of soybean against drought stress and could prove to be a novel candidate for engineering soybean and other plants against drought stress. Some research gaps were also identified for future studies to extend our comprehension of Ca-CaM-CAMTA-mediated stress regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Noman
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Aysha Jameel
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Wei-Dong Qiang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Wei-Can Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Fa-Wei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China.
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China.
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231
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Abstract
The preponderance of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) degenerative disorders in women and their early onset during reproductive years have implicated female sex hormones, particularly 17-β estradiol (E2), in the pathogenesis of these disorders. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which E2 contributes to TMJ degenerative disorders and the reasons for its targeted effects on the TMJ but not other joints remain poorly understood. Here, we developed an ovariectomized mouse model in which systemic E2 concentrations mimicked those in cycling women, and we determined the effect of E2 on the targeted turnover of TMJ fibrocartilage matrix via E2-induced matrix metalloproteinases MMP9 and MMP13. Infusion of E2 and progesterone (P4; hormone control) over 7 d resulted in 5- and 8-fold greater serum E2 and P4 levels relative to controls, respectively, achieving systemic hormone levels similar to high baseline levels in cycling women. Administration of E2 but not P4 caused a significant loss of TMJ collagen and glycosaminoglycans, which was accompanied by amplification of ERα and specific increases in MMP9 and MMP13 expression. This dose of E2 had no effect on knee meniscus fibrocartilage, demonstrating the specificity of the degradative effect of E2. Dose-response experiments showed a greater sensitivity and a higher peak induction of MMP9 and MMP13 in TMJ fibrocartilaginous cells than knee meniscus cells to E2, providing an explanation for the differential responses of these tissues to E2. Using MMP9- and MMP13-null mice, we observed no discernible effects of each proteinase individually to E2-mediated TMJ matrix loss but noted a significant compensatory reciprocal induction of each MMP by E2 in the absence of the other. The redundancy in E2's induction of MMP9 and MMP13 suggests that the proteinases may together contribute to E2-mediated TMJ fibrocartilage loss. These results advance our understanding of E2-mediated upregulation of MMP9 and MMP13 on fibrocartilage matrix turnover targeted to the TMJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Park
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S Chen
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - N Ahmad
- Biology Department, Henry Ford College, Dearborn, MI, USA.,Wayne County Community College, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - T Hayami
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S Kapila
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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232
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Hossain S, Mainali P, Bhimanadham NN, Imran S, Ahmad N, Patel RS. Medical and Psychiatric Comorbidities in Bipolar Disorder: Insights from National Inpatient Population-based Study. Cureus 2019; 11:e5636. [PMID: 31700739 PMCID: PMC6822913 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.5636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The objective of this study was to analyze the differences in the prevalence and association of medical and psychiatric comorbidities in bipolar disorder (BD) patients versus the general inpatient population. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using the national inpatient sample (NIS). Using the international classification of diseases, ninth revision (ICD-9) diagnostic codes, we extracted the BD inpatients and then obtained information about comorbidities. The odds ratio (OR) of comorbidities in BD inpatients were evaluated using a logistic regression model. Results Hypertension (31.1%), asthma (11.7%) and diabetes, obesity, and hypothyroidism (11% each) were the prevalent medical comorbidities found in BD inpatients. Hypothyroidism, asthma, and migraine were seen in BD inpatients (OR 1.59, OR 1.37 and OR 1.23; respectively) compared to general inpatients. Drug abuse (33.5%), anxiety disorders (31.8%), and alcohol abuse (18.3%) were the most prevalent psychiatric comorbidities in BD inpatients. They had a seven-fold higher likelihood of comorbid borderline personality disorders compared to general inpatients. Among other psychiatric comorbidities, the odds of the association were higher for drug abuse (OR 4.33), ADHD (OR 3.06), and PTSD (2.44). Conclusion A higher burden of medical and psychiatric comorbidities is seen in BD inpatients compare to the general inpatient population. A collaborative care model is required for early diagnosis and management of these comorbidities to improve the health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pranita Mainali
- Psychiatry, Washington DC VA Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | | | - Sundus Imran
- Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
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233
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Khalid M, Ahmad F, Arshad M, Khalid W, Ahmad N, Cao Y. E
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MR: energy‐efficient multipath routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks. IET Networks 2019. [DOI: 10.1049/iet-net.2018.5203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khalid
- Computer & Information SciencesNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE1 8STUK
| | - Farah Ahmad
- Computer & Information SciencesNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE1 8STUK
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Department of Computer ScienceInstitute of Management SciencesPeshawarPakistan
| | - Waqar Khalid
- Department of Computer ScienceInstitute of Management SciencesPeshawarPakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of PeshawarPeshawarPakistan
| | - Yue Cao
- School of Computing & Communication, Lancaster UniversityUK
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234
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Ali G, Ahmad N, Cao Y, Asif M, Cruickshank H, Ali QE. Blockchain based permission delegation and access control in Internet of Things (BACI). Comput Secur 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cose.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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235
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Liu X, Ahmad N, Yang L, Fu T, Kong J, Yao N, Dong Y, Wang N, Li X, Wang F, Liu X, Liu W, Li H. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of chalcone isomerase from Carthamus tinctorius. AMB Express 2019; 9:132. [PMID: 31435742 PMCID: PMC6704227 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0854-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoid is one of the widespread groups of plant secondary metabolites that provide several health benefits. However, the explicit mechanism of flavonoid biosynthesis in plants largely remains unclear. Chalcone isomerase an important class of enzyme presents crucial role during flavonoid metabolism in many plants. Here, we isolated the full-length cDNA (1161 bp) of a novel Chalcone Isomerase from safflower encoding 217 amino acid polypeptide using oligos from 5′ and 3′ ends. The result of Sanger sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed that CtCHI is highly homologous to other plants, including typical polyadenylation signals AATAA and Poly A tail. The transient expression in tobacco mesophyll cells using Green Fluorescent Protein tagging determined the subcellular localization of CtCHI in cell membrane and nucleus. The CtCHI ectopic expression in different safflower varieties at different flowering stages showed that CtCHI were found in abundance at the bud stage of Jihong No. 1. Further correlation analysis between CtCHI expression and flavonoid accumulation at various flowering phases suggested that CtCHI might play a potential role during flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower. In addition, the overexpression of pBASTA-CtCHI in transgenic Arabidopsis infiltrated with floral dip transformation showed relatively higher expression level and increased flavonoid accumulation than wild type. Moreover, the in vitro enzymatic activity and HPLC analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis confirmed the de novo biosynthesis of Rutin. Taken together, our findings laid the foundation of identifying an important gene that might influence flavonoid metabolism in safflower.
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236
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Bon
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Electron Microscopy Center, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - N. Ahmad
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Electron Microscopy Center, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - R. Erni
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Electron Microscopy Center, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - D. Passerone
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Electron Microscopy Center, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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237
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Physics Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) Mirpur Azad KashmirPakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Agri. & Biophotonics Division National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP) Lehtrar Road Islamabad Pakistan
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238
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Imran S, Patel RS, Onyeaka HK, Tahir M, Madireddy S, Mainali P, Hossain S, Rashid W, Queeneth U, Ahmad N. Comorbid Depression and Psychosis in Parkinson's Disease: A Report of 62,783 Hospitalizations in the United States. Cureus 2019; 11:e5227. [PMID: 31463165 PMCID: PMC6701884 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.5227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Depression and psychosis are common comorbidities that significantly affects the quality of life and disease outcomes in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. Objective The aim of this study was to analyze and discern the differences in the hospitalization outcomes, comorbidities, and utilization of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in PD patients with comorbid depression and comorbid psychosis. Methods We used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2010-2014) and identified PD as a primary diagnosis (N = 62,783), and depression (N = 11,358) and psychosis (N = 2,475) as co-diagnosis using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes. Pearson’s chi-square test and independent-sample t-test were used for categorical data and continuous data, respectively. Results White male, older age, and comorbid psychosis were significantly associated with higher odds of having major severity of illness in PD inpatients. The mean length of stay (LOS) was higher in PD patients with psychosis compared to PD with depression (7.32 days vs. 4.23 days; P < 0.001), though the mean total charges of hospitalization were lower in psychosis ($31,240 vs. $38,581; P < 0.001). Utilization of DBS was lower in PD patients with psychosis versus with depression (3.9% vs. 24.3%; P < 0.001). Conclusion Psychiatric comorbidities are prevalent in PD patients and are associated with more disease severity, impaired quality of life, and increased use of healthcare resources (higher LOS and cost). They should be considered an integral part of the disease, and a multidisciplinary approach to managing this disease is crucial to improve the health-related quality of life of PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Imran
- Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | | | | | - Muhammad Tahir
- Internal Medicine, Penn Medicine Lancaster General Hospital, Lancaster, USA
| | | | - Pranita Mainali
- Psychiatry, California Instititute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | | | - Wahida Rashid
- Internal Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, BGD
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Onyeaka HK, Queeneth U, Rashid W, Ahmad N, Rajan SK, Jaladi PR, Patel RS. Impact of Depression in Sickle Cell Disease Hospitalization-Related Outcomes: An Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample (NIS). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55070385. [PMID: 31319584 PMCID: PMC6681242 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55070385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: This study aimed to analyze and discern the differences in demographics and inpatient outcomes (length of stay (LOS), total charges, disease severity, and mortality) between depressed versus non-depressed sickle cell disease (SCD) patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2010–2014). We identified 73,225 SCD hospitalizations and comorbid depression (6317, 8.6%) as the primary and the other diagnosis, respectively, using International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 codes. We used linear and logistic regression model to evaluate the changes in inpatient outcomes. Results: Comorbid depression was more prevalent among middle-aged adults (11.5%), females (10.63%), and whites (12.43%). We did not find any association between income and comorbid depression among SCD patients. After adjusting for the demographic covariates, comorbid depression remained a significant risk factor for longer LOS (mean difference −1.16 days, 95% CI −1.30 to −1.03) and higher total charges (mean difference −USD5058, 95% CI −6261 to −3855) during hospitalization. SCD with comorbid depression was also significantly associated with a higher number of chronic conditions (mean difference −2.08, 95% CI −2.13 to −2.03) and 1.5 times (95% CI 1.39 to 1.63) higher odds of major severity of illness. Conclusion: Comorbid depression was significantly associated with longer LOS, more severity of illness, and higher hospital charges. Healthcare providers caring for adults with SCD should consider screening for and treating comorbid depression to improve the health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Uwandu Queeneth
- Department of Psychiatry, Maastricht University, 4-6, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Wahida Rashid
- Department of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | | | - Paul Rahul Jaladi
- Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Kadapa 516002, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rikinkumar S Patel
- Department of Psychiatry, Griffin Memorial Hospital, Norman, OK 73071, USA.
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Fahimullah M, Faheem Y, Ahmad N. A bi-objective game-theoretic model for collaboration formation between software development firms. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219216. [PMID: 31291301 PMCID: PMC6619739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Requirement for formation of collaborations has been on increase for the software development industry, especially for smaller to medium sized firms, due to rapid technological advancements, requirements for diversified skills, ever enhancing demands for innovation and fierce competition. Collaborative product development in an alliance enables the firms to benefit from each other’s diversified skills and the experience as a result of which they can develop products more rapidly and of better quality as well resulting in a higher payoff. Also, the development costs decrease. However, to avoid undesired results, selection of an appropriate partner firm for collaboration is of utmost importance keeping in view the objectives of alliance formation of both the strategic partners. One-way partner selection techniques available in the literature are impractical as they enable a firm to rank potential partners only from its own perspective while ignoring their objectives. This problem is addressed by the two-way partner selection techniques, however, they either ignore the payoff distribution criteria or the proposed criteria is unfair. More importantly, existing techniques consider that firm collaborate only with the objective to enhance their financial payoff which might not always be the case. The fact that collaborating firms may have one but different objectives for collaboration, or, each may have multiple objectives is largely neglected. To address the scenarios in which firms may collaborate due to multiple and possibly different objectives, this work proposes a bi-objective game-theoretic model that enables a firm to select an appropriate partner based on the individual preferences of both on the following two objectives: 1) learning and 2) financial revenue. Moreover, this model calculates the pay-off that each firm should get whether only monetary, only in the form of learning or both. The calculation of payoff share is based on the following parameters: 1) individual goals of collaboration of partner selecting firms on the said two objectives, 2) their level of cost contribution, 3) cooperation ratio and 4) knowledge investment difference. Comprehensive analysis of various scenarios is done for the proposed Nash Bargaining payoff distribution model to find the optimum strategy of collaborating firms for each scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fahimullah
- Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Faheem
- Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan
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Kanwal T, Shaukat SAA, Anjum A, Malik SUR, Choo KKR, Khan A, Ahmad N, Ahmad M, Khan SU. Privacy-preserving model and generalization correlation attacks for 1:M data with multiple sensitive attributes. Inf Sci (N Y) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ins.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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242
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Ishfaq K, Ahmad N, Jawad M, Ali MA, M Al-Ahmari A. Evaluating Material's Interaction in Wire Electrical Discharge Machining of Stainless Steel (304) for Simultaneous Optimization of Conflicting Responses. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12121940. [PMID: 31212883 PMCID: PMC6631865 DOI: 10.3390/ma12121940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Stainless steel (SS 304) is commonly employed in industrial applications due to its considerable corrosion resistance, thermal resistance, and ductility. Most of its intended applications require the formation of complex profiles, which justify the use of wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM). However, its high thermal resistance imposes a limitation on acquiring adequate surface topography because of the high surface tension of the melt pool, which leads to the formation of spherical modules; ultimately, this compromises the surface quality. Furthermore, the stochastic nature of the process makes it difficult to optimize its performance, especially if more than one conflicting response is involved, such as high cutting speed with low surface roughness and kerf width. Therefore, this study aimed to comprehensively investigate the interaction of SS 304 and WEDM, with a prior focus on simultaneously optimizing all the conflicting responses using the Taguchi-based grey relational approach. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the current was the most significant parameter for cutting speed and kerf, whereas roughness, voltage (45%), drum speed (25.8%), and nozzle offset distance (~21%) were major contributing factors. SEM micrographs showed that optimal settings not only ensured simultaneous optimization of the conflicting responses but also reduced the number and size of spherical modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Ishfaq
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan.
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Jawad
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila 47080, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Asad Ali
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila 47080, Pakistan.
| | - Abdulrahman M Al-Ahmari
- Raytheon Chair for Systems Engineering, Advanced Manufacturing Institute, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
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243
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Lin H, Zhu Y, Ahmad N, Han Q. A scientometric analysis and visualization of global research on brownfields. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:17666-17684. [PMID: 31028623 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05149-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Brownfields have attracted increasing attentions from both researchers and practitioners. However, few studies have attempted to make a comprehensive and quantitative review on this topic. This study conducted a scientometric review on the brownfield research from 1995 to 2017 using CiteSpace. The knowledge structure, hot topics, research trends, and gaps were analyzed based on the co-author, co-word, co-citation, and clusters analysis. Six hundred thirty articles from the Web of Science core collection database were selected as the research samples. Results revealed that the research focus has changed from soil remediation technologies to sustainable regeneration methods. The most vital development in brownfield research occurred in the USA, England, Canada, Germany, and China. "Brownfield," "heavy metal," "remediation," "redevelopment," and "sustainability" were the most frequently used keywords. Whereas "management" and "biodiversity" received citation bursts in recent years. Existing researches mainly concentrated on subject categories of environmental sciences ecology, environmental sciences, engineering, environmental studies, engineering environmental, and urban studies. Sustainable regeneration, urban brownfields' regeneration, mental distribution, coal-mine brownfield, and ecosystem service were the identified co-citation clusters and represented the hot topics and emerging trends. The research gaps can serve as a motivation to research on the next generation of brownfields to support the sustainable development. This study provides researchers and practitioners an extensive and intensive understanding of the salient research themes and trends of brownfields' research worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Lin
- School of Management, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710100, Shannxi, China
| | - Yuming Zhu
- School of Management, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710100, Shannxi, China.
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- School of Management, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710100, Shannxi, China
| | - Qingye Han
- School of Management, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710100, Shannxi, China
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244
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Shah SAR, Ahmad N, Shen Y, Kamal MA, Basheer MA, Brijs T. Relationship between road traffic features and accidents: An application of two-stage decision-making approach for transportation engineers. J Safety Res 2019; 69:201-215. [PMID: 31235230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An efficient decision-making process is one of the major necessities of road safety performance analysis for human safety and budget allocation procedure. METHOD During the road safety analysis procedure, data envelopment analysis (DEA) supports policymakers in differentiating between risky and safe segments of a homogeneous highway. Cross-risk, an extension of the DEA models, provides more information about risky segments for ranking purpose. After identification of risky segments, the next goal is to identify the factors that are major contributors in making that segment risky. RESULTS This research proposes a methodology to analyze road safety performance by using a combination of DEA with the decision tree (DT) technique. The proposed methodology not only provides a facility to identify problematic road segments with the help of DEA but also identifies contributing factors with the help of DT. Practical applications: The applicability of the proposed model will help policymakers to identify the major factors contributing to road accidents and analysis of safety performance of road infrastructure to allocate the budget during the decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah
- Taxila Institute of Transportation Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Taxila 47050, Pakistan; Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Agoralaan, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Taxila Institute of Transportation Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Taxila 47050, Pakistan.
| | - Yongjun Shen
- School of Transportation, Southeast University, Sipailou 2, 210096 Nanjing, China.
| | - Mumtaz Ahmed Kamal
- Taxila Institute of Transportation Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Taxila 47050, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Aamir Basheer
- Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Agoralaan, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tom Brijs
- Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Agoralaan, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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245
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Naeem A, Shabbir MA, Khan MR, Ahmad N, Roberts TH. Mango Seed Kernel Fat as a Cocoa Butter Substitute Suitable for the Tropics. J Food Sci 2019; 84:1315-1321. [PMID: 31116426 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cocoa butter is a key ingredient in many chocolate products but its partial substitution with mango (Mangifera indica L.) seed kernel fat (MSKF) has the potential to reduce chocolate production costs and improve shelf-life. Here, MSKF was extracted from three cultivars of mango grown in Pakistan: Lal Badshah, Anwar Retual, and Chaunsa. Physicochemical and antioxidant properties of the MSKF samples were studied at 0, 30, and 60 days of storage at 30 °C, a temperature reflecting typical storage conditions in the tropics. Overall, the Lal Badshah MSKF had the most favorable physicochemical properties, including the highest DPPH antioxidant activity among the three cultivars. Thus, Lal Badshah MSKF was used to formulate cocoa butter substitute chocolate (CBSC), substituting the cocoa butter at 20 to 80 g/100 g. CBSC had a lower value for hardness (3.80 N) compared with the control chocolate (4.42 N). Color values L* , a* , and b* were not significantly affected by the different rates of substitution or by length of storage. Oxidative stability and antioxidant potential of CBSC increased with both higher substitution levels of MSKF and length of storage. The results suggest that MSKF can be utilized as a cocoa butter substitute at levels up to 60 g/100 g. This potential for substitution is particularly valuable for tropical regions where refrigerated storage may not be available or financially viable. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Mango seed kernel fat (MSKF) has potential to be used as a cocoa butter substitute in confectionery products, particularly chocolate. The mango industry could utilize fat extraction from mango seeds, which are normally a waste product, for value adding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adan Naeem
- Natl. Inst. of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences, Univ. of Agriculture, Univ. Main Rd., Faisalabad, 38040, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad A Shabbir
- Natl. Inst. of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences, Univ. of Agriculture, Univ. Main Rd., Faisalabad, 38040, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Moazzam R Khan
- Natl. Inst. of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences, Univ. of Agriculture, Univ. Main Rd., Faisalabad, 38040, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Natl. Inst. of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences, Univ. of Agriculture, Univ. Main Rd., Faisalabad, 38040, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Thomas H Roberts
- Plant Breeding Inst., Sydney Inst. of Agriculture, Univ. of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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246
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Singh C, Mintie C, Ndiaye M, Chhabra G, Roy S, Sullivan R, Longley B, Schieke S, Ahmad N. 915 Dietary grape powder inhibits atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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247
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Garvey D, Ndiaye M, Ahmad N. 1033 The potential pro-proliferative role of polo-like kinase 4 in non-melanoma skin cancer. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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248
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Weng XH, Zhu YM, Song XY, Ahmad N. Identification of Key Success Factors for Private Science Parks Established from Brownfield Regeneration: A Case Study from China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16071295. [PMID: 30978931 PMCID: PMC6480076 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16071295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Private science parks (PSPs) are infrastructure elements of national high technology industrial development zones. Increasing private capital is being invested in this field to transform abandoned factories into science parks through brownfield regeneration, which not only effectively utilizes urban space, but also greatly strengthens the power of scientific and technological innovation. The evolution of these PSPs, however, is not satisfactory, and some operation and innovation-related problems often lead to their failures. Therefore, identifying key success factors is crucial for the sustainable growth of PSPs. This study employs Fuzzy Analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and Fuzzy-DEMATEL (Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) methods to construct an identification model for key success factors of PSPs established from brownfield regeneration. Associated influencing factors were collected through literature analysis, on-site interviews, and questionnaire, based on which key success factors were identified. The results of the study showed that five factors-resources sharing capacity of the park, park scale, financing and financial services, legal policy services and administrative capability, and construction level of facilities in the park-are the key success factors for such PSPs. The results also provide a theoretical basis for the development of PSPs established from brownfield regeneration, and support the formulation of PSP-related policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hai Weng
- School of Management, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Yu-Ming Zhu
- School of Management, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Song
- School of Management, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- School of Management, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
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249
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Akram M, Khan B, Imran M, Ahmad I, Ajaz H, Tahir M, Rabbani F, Kaleem I, Nadeem Akhtar M, Ahmad N, Samad Shah N. Biosorption of lead by cotton shells powder: Characterization and equilibrium modeling study. Int J Phytoremediation 2019; 21:138-144. [PMID: 30816070 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2018.1488810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal causing serious health risks to humans and animals. In the present study, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) shells powder was used as adsorbent for the treatment of synthetic Pb-contaminated water. The batch scale biosorption capacity of cotton shells powder was evaluated to study the effects of Pb concentrations, adsorbent doses and contact time at constant pH (6) and temperature (25 °C). Results revealed that sorption of Pb increased (q = 0.09-9.60 mg/g) with increasing Pb concentration (1-15 mg/L) and contact time (15-90 min) while decreasing adsorbent dose (1-0.1 g/100 mL). The maximum Pb removal (90%) was achieved at Pb concentration (1 mg/L), contact time (90 min) and adsorbent dose (1 g/100 mL). Freundlich isotherm model proved best fit for Pb sorption (R2 = 0.99). The cotton shells powder has microporous structure confirmed by SEM, and has BET surface area (45 m2/g) and pore size (2.3 µm). These surface moieties along with various functional groups (C-H, C-O, C=O, O-H, S=O) confirmed by FTIR analysis might involve in Pb removal by complexation and ion exchange mechanisms. The cotton shells powder biomass could be considered as promising adsorbent for the removal of Pb from contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Akram
- a Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus , Vehari , Pakistan
| | - Binish Khan
- a Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus , Vehari , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- a Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus , Vehari , Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ahmad
- a Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus , Vehari , Pakistan
| | - Humayun Ajaz
- b Department of Chemistry , University of Engineering and Technology , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- a Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus , Vehari , Pakistan
| | - Faiz Rabbani
- a Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus , Vehari , Pakistan
| | - Imdad Kaleem
- c Department of Bioinformatics and Biosciences , COMSATS University Islamabad , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | | | - Naveed Ahmad
- a Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus , Vehari , Pakistan
| | - Noor Samad Shah
- a Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus , Vehari , Pakistan
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250
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Shahzad A, Sattar A, Husnain A, Ahmad I, Ahmad N, Nak D, Nak Y. Synchronization and Resynchronization as a Novel Approach for Improving Reproductive Performance of Postpartum Dairy Cows. PAK J ZOOL 2019. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/2019.51.2.511.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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