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Ward A, Wissel J, Borg J, Wright N. Goal setting and attainment pertaining to upper and lower limb function in post-stroke spasticity (PSS) patients: The Botox® Economic Spasticity Trial (BEST). Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2011.07.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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102
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Ward A, Wissel J, Borg J, Wright N. Définition et réalisation des objectifs relatifs à la fonction des membres supérieurs et inférieurs chez les patients atteints d’une spasticité post-AVC : l’étude Botox® Economic Spasticity Trial (BEST). Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2011.07.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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103
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Finch DK, Midha A, Buchanan CL, Cochrane D, Craggs RI, Cruwys S, Grahames C, Kolbeck R, Lowe DC, Maltby J, Pattison DV, Vousden KA, Ward A, Sleeman MA, Mallinder PR. Identification of a potent anti-IL-15 antibody with opposing mechanisms of action in vitro and in vivo. Br J Pharmacol 2011; 162:480-90. [PMID: 20942844 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01061.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is important in the activation and proliferation of lymphocytic cell populations and is implicated in inflammatory disease. We report the characterization of a novel monoclonal antibody DISC0280 which is specific for human IL-15. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH DISC0280 was characterized in a direct binding assay of IL-15 with IL-15 receptor α (IL-15Rα) and by its ability to alter IL-15 mediated proliferation of a range of cell lines (cytotoxic T lymphocyte line-2, M-07e, KIT225). A pharmacodynamic model injecting male C57/BL6 mice with IL-15 or IL-15/IL-15Rα, with or without DISC0280, and assessing changes in lymphocytic cell populations and serum cytokines was utilized. KEY RESULTS DISC0280 inhibited the binding of IL-15 to IL-15Rα and also potently inhibits IL-15 dependent proliferation of cells expressing IL-15Rα, shared interleukin 2/ interleukin 15 receptor β chain (IL-15Rβ) and common gamma chain (γ(c) ). DISC0280 also inhibited the IL-15 dependent proliferation of M-07e cells that only express IL-15Rβ/γ(c) subunits. Human IL-15 injected into mice caused an increase in NK1.1(+) and CD3(+) cells in the spleen and peripheral blood and these effects were unexpectedly potentiated by giving DISC0280 with human IL-15. This increase in cells caused by DISC0280/IL-15 co-administration was greater than that observed when IL-15 was administered complexed with soluble IL-15Rα. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The ability of DISC0280 to bind to the IL-15Rα-binding site on IL-15 allows trans-presentation of IL-15 by DISC0280 in vivo, similar to the trans-presentation by soluble IL-15Rα. DISC0280 may be therefore suitable as a clinical substitute for IL-15.
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104
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De Silva T, Fenster A, Samarabandu J, Ward A. WE-G-220-03: Evaluating Image-Similarity Metrics to Detect Prostate Motion during 3D TRUS-Guided Prostate Biopsy. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3613452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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105
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Ukwatta E, Awad J, Ward A, Buchanan D, Samarabandu J, Parraga G, Fenster A. MO-D-220-07: Semi-Automated Segmentation Method to Quantify Carotid Atherosclerosis from 3D Ultrasound Images. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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106
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Karnik V, Fenster A, Bax J, Romagnoli C, Ward A. SU-E-U-04: MRI-Targeted, 3D TRUS-Guided Prostate Biopsy: Measurement of Inter-Modality Prostate Deformation and Rigid Registration Algorithm Performance. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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107
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Borghesi M, Kar S, Prasad R, Kakolee FK, Quinn K, Ahmed H, Sarri G, Ramakrishna B, Qiao B, Geissler M, Ter-Avetisyan S, Zepf M, Schettino G, Stevens B, Tolley M, Ward A, Green J, Foster PS, Spindloe C, Gallegos P, Robinson AL, Neely D, Carroll DC, Tresca O, Yuan X, Quinn M, McKenna P, Dover N, Palmer C, Schreiber J, Najmudin Z, Sari I, Kraft M, Merchant M, Jeynes JC, Kirkby K, Fiorini F, Kirby D, Green S. Ion source development and radiobiology applications within the LIBRA project. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1117/12.888262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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108
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Green S, Borghesi M, Neely D, McKenna P, Najmudin Z, Palmer C, Sari I, Tolley M, Ward A, Carroll D, Kar S, Doria D, Green J, Brenner C, Kirby D, Fiorini F, Kirkby K, Merchant M, Jeynes C, Palmans H, Shipley D, Nutbrown R, Thomas R, Kraft M, Kakolee K, Prasad R. 1425 poster LASER-PLASMA ACCELERATION OF PARTICLES FOR PROTON AND ION-BEAM RADIOTHERAPY: AN UPDATE FROM THE LIBRA CONSORTIUM. Radiother Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(11)71547-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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109
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Azimzadeh A, Newton A, Cheng X, Tahir K, Ward A, Zhang T, Kelishadi S, Fairweather D, Cunningham M, Pierson R. 97 Autoimmunity to Cardiac Myosin Is Associated with Acute and Chronic Rejection of Cardiac Allografts in Non-Human Primates. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2011.01.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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110
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Watson EK, Turner D, Adams E, Boulton M, Harrison S, Khan N, Rose P, Ward A. The supportive care needs of the partners and family members of long-term survivors of breast, colorectal and prostate cancer. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2011-000020.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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111
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Nunan D, Wassertheurer S, Lasserson D, Hametner B, Flemming S, Ward A, Heneghan C. P7.16 ASSESSMENT OF CENTRAL HAEMODYNAMICS AND ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN THE COMMUNITY – ARE WE THERE YET? Artery Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.artres.2011.10.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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112
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Arastéh K, Ward A, Plettenberg A, Livrozet JM, Cordes C, Winston A, Wang E, Quinson A. 48-week efficacy and safety of transitioning virologically stable HIV-1 patients from nevirapine IR 200 mg BID to nevirapine XR 400 mg QD (TRANxITION). J Int AIDS Soc 2010. [PMCID: PMC3113048 DOI: 10.1186/1758-2652-13-s4-p45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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113
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Sahin O, Uhlmann S, Zhang J, Schwaeger A, Mannsperger H, Burmester S, Ward A, Korf U, Wiemann S. 432 MicroRNAs in the miR-200 family differentially regulate cell cycle progression and EGF-driven invasion by modulating p27/Kip1, CDK6 and PLC-gamma1 in breast cancer. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71233-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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114
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Uhlmann S, Zhang JD, Schwäger A, Mannsperger H, Riazalhosseini Y, Burmester S, Ward A, Korf U, Wiemann S, Sahin Ö. miR-200bc/429 cluster targets PLCγ1 and differentially regulates proliferation and EGF-driven invasion than miR-200a/141 in breast cancer. Oncogene 2010; 29:4297-306. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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115
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Wan Y, Heneghan C, Stevens R, McManus RJ, Ward A, Perera R, Thompson M, Tarassenko L, Mant D. Determining which automatic digital blood pressure device performs adequately: a systematic review. J Hum Hypertens 2010; 24:431-8. [PMID: 20376077 PMCID: PMC2897978 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2010.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to systematically examine the proportion of accurate readings attained by automatic digital blood pressure (BP) devices in published validation studies. We included studies of automatic digital BP devices using recognized protocols. We summarized the data as mean and s.d. of differences between measured and observed BP, and proportion of measurements within 5 mm Hg. We included 79 articles (10 783 participants) reporting 113 studies from 22 different countries. Overall, 25/31 (81%), 37/41 (90%) and 34/35 (97%) devices passed the relevant protocols [BHS, AAMI and ESH international protocol (ESH-IP), respectively]. For devices that passed the BHS protocol, the proportion of measured values within 5 mm Hg of the observed value ranged from 60 to 86% (AAMI protocol 47–94% and ESH-IP 54–89%). The results for the same device varied significantly when a different protocol was used (Omron HEM-907 80% of readings were within 5 mm Hg using the AAMI protocol compared with 62% with the ESH-IP). Even devices with a mean difference of zero show high variation: a device with 74% of BP measurements within 5 mm Hg would require six further BP measurements to reduce variation to 95% of readings within 5 mm Hg. Current protocols for validating BP monitors give no guarantee of accuracy in clinical practice. Devices may pass even the most rigorous protocol with as few as 60% of readings within 5 mm Hg of the observed value. Multiple readings are essential to provide clinicians and patients with accurate information on which to base diagnostic and treatment decisions.
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116
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Dell G, Charalambous M, Ward A. In vitro methylation of specific regions in recombinant DNA constructs by excision and religation. Methods Mol Biol 2009; 181:251-8. [PMID: 12843456 DOI: 10.1385/1-59259-211-2:251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
The first imprinted genes were identified in the early 1990s (e.g., refs. 1,2) and there are now over 40 mammalian genes known to be regulated by genomic imprinting (for an up-to-date list, see ref. 3). The details of the mechanism that discriminates between the active and silent alleles of these genes, based on their parent of origin, may differ from one imprinted gene to the next, but must include some form of epigenetic mark that distinguishes alleles that have passed through the male or female germline (4-7). The addition of methyl groups to cytosine residues of CpG dinucleotides might provide such a mark, since regions of differential methylation have been identified in the vicinity of many of the known imprinted genes (8,9). Moreover, analysis of imprinted gene expression in a methyltransferase knockout (Dnmt1(-/-)) mouse has shown that the imprint is lost in a number of cases, resulting in either two silent alleles (Igf2, Igf2r and Kvlqt) or two expressed alleles (H19, p57(kip2), Snrpn, and Xist) (4,10-12). Although there may be exceptions (for instance, imprinted expression of Mash2 is maintained in Dmnt1(-/-) embryos; ref. 13), differential methylation is likely to be an important aspect of the imprinting mechanism that is relevant to most of the imprinted genes in mammals. There is accumulating evidence that methylation is also important for the imprinting of plant genes (reviewed in ref. 14).
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117
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Gui GPH, Twelves D, Nerurkar A, Osin P, Ward A, Isacke CM. Anatomical association of fluid yielding ducts with location of the breast cancer affected segment in screen detected and symptomatic breast cancer. BMC Proc 2009. [PMCID: PMC2727107 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-3-s5-s13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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118
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Papapetropoulos S, Tibbetts A, Seitzman R, Kerner J, Barnard J, Ward A, Michels S, O'Neil G. P1.156 Non-motor comorbidities in patients with Parkinson's disease: a US claims database analysis. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(09)70278-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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119
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Gui GPH, Twelves D, Nerurkar A, Osin P, Ward A, Crook T, Isacke CM. A direct comparative study of methylation-specific PCR in ductal lavage fluid, breast cancer tissue, normal breast parenchyma and plasma in women with early breast cancer. BMC Proc 2009. [PMCID: PMC2727119 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-3-s5-s20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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120
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Abstract
This paper summarises how scaffold proteins affects and regulate the JNK signalling pathway. We believe that some of these scaffold proteins, by virtue of their anchoring and catalytic properties contribute to a high degree of specificity of intra cellular signalling pathways that regulate the progression through the cell cycle.
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121
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Twelves D, Nerurkar A, Osin P, Ward A, Isacke C, Gui G. Anatomical association of fluid yielding ducts with breast cancer location in screen detected and symptomatic breast cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2009.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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122
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McCarter RJ, Walton NH, Moore C, Ward A, Nelson I. PTA testing, the westmead post traumatic amnesia scale and opiate analgesia: A cautionary note. Brain Inj 2009; 21:1393-7. [DOI: 10.1080/02699050701793793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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123
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Huang F, Addas K, Ward A, Flynn NT, Velasco E, Hagan MF, Dogic Z, Fraden S. Pair potential of charged colloidal stars. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:108302. [PMID: 19392166 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.108302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on the construction of colloidal stars: 1 microm polystyrene beads grafted with a dense brush of 1 microm long and 10 nm wide charged semiflexible filamentous viruses. The pair interaction potentials of colloidal stars are measured using an experimental implementation of umbrella sampling, a technique originally developed in computer simulations in order to probe rare events. The influence of ionic strength and grafting density on the interaction is measured. Good agreements are found between the measured interactions and theoretical predictions based upon the osmotic pressure of counterions.
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124
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Kirby MF, Devoy B, Law RJ, Ward A, Aldridge J. The use of a bioassay based approach to the hazard/risk assessment of cargo derived toxicity during shipping accidents: a case study--the MSC Napoli. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2008; 56:781-786. [PMID: 18282586 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2007] [Revised: 01/04/2008] [Accepted: 01/07/2008] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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125
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Johnson LK, Liebana E, Nunez A, Spencer Y, Clifton-Hadley R, Jahans K, Ward A, Barlow A, Delahay R. Histological observations of bovine tuberculosis in lung and lymph node tissues from British deer. Vet J 2008; 175:409-12. [PMID: 17584504 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2007] [Revised: 04/24/2007] [Accepted: 04/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Deer are recognized as hosts of Mycobacterium bovis and assessing the role of wild cervids in perpetuating tuberculosis among cattle has motivated extensive research on several continents. In this paper, the histopathology of lymph node and lung tuberculous granulomas in M. bovis positive British deer is presented. The overall aim was to seek further insights into the potential for onward transmission from infected deer to other species, including cattle. Samples were obtained from an extensive survey of wild mammals in South-West England and from statutory tuberculosis surveillance. M. bovis culture-positive samples were characterised microscopically as to their stage of lesion advancement, number of acid-fast bacilli and granuloma encapsulation. Seventy percent of the deer developed granulomas containing far greater numbers of M. bovis bacilli than typically reported in cattle. Red and fallow deer had the largest number of poorly encapsulated granulomas often containing many hundreds of bacilli. The results are consistent with infected wild British deer being a potential source of environmental contamination and onward transmission to other species. However, further work on levels of bacillary shedding is required before this can be confirmed.
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