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Vergote I, Benzaquen AO, Baurain J, Ananda S, Wong S, Yang X, Wu B, Zhong Z, Puhlmann M, Casado A. A Phase 1b Study of AMG 386 Plus Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in Ovarian Cancer Patients Undergoing Primary or Interval Debulking Surgery. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)33578-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Nofiele JT, Karshafian R, Furukawa M, Al Mahrouki A, Giles A, Wong S, Czarnota GJ. Ultrasound-activated microbubble cancer therapy: ceramide production leading to enhanced radiation effect in vitro. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2012; 12:53-60. [PMID: 22905807 PMCID: PMC4527482 DOI: 10.7785/tcrt.2012.500253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels within tumours represent a key component for cancer cell survival. Disruption of these vessels can be achieved by inducing vascular endothelial-cell apoptosis. Moreover, endothelial cell apoptosis has been proven to be enhanced by ceramide-increasing drugs. Herein, we introduce a novel therapeutic approach which uses ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles used in combination with radiation to cause a rapid accumulation of ceramide in endothelial cells in-vitro. We also test this modality directly with other cell types as a general method of killing cancer cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), acute myeloid leukemia cells (AML), murine fibrosarcoma cells (KHT-C), prostate cancer cells (PC3), breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) and astrocytes were used to evaluate this mechanism of inducing cell death. Survival was measured by clonogenic assays, and ceramide content was detected using immunohistochemistry. Exposure of cell types to ultrasound-stimulated bubbles alone resulted in increases in ceramide for all cell types and survivals of 12 ± 2%, 65 ± 5%, 83 ± 2%, 58 ± 4%, 58 ± 3%, 18 ± 7% for HUVEC, AML, PC3, MDA, KHT-C and astrocyte cells, respectively. Results from selected cell types involving radiation treatments indicated additive treatment enhancements and increases in intracellular ceramide content one hour after exposure to ultrasound-activated microbubbles and radiation. Endothelial cell survival decreased from 8 ± 1% after 2 Gy of radiation treatment alone and from 12 ± 2% after ultrasound and microbubbles alone, to 1 ± 1% with combined treatment. In Asmase +/+ astrocytes, survival decreased from 56 ± 2% after 2 Gy radiation alone and from 17 ± 7% after ultrasound and microbubbles alone, to 5 ± 2% when combined. Using ASMase deficient astrocytes (Asmase -/-) and Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), we also demonstrate that ultrasound-activated microbubbles stimulate ASMase activity and ceramide production. These findings suggest that ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles could be used as a new biomechanical method to enhance the effects of radiation.
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Fayez R, AlMuntashery A, Bodie G, Almamar A, Gill R, Raîche I, Mueller C, AlMuntashery A, Fayez R, AlMuntashery A, Moustarah F, Khokhotva M, Anvari M, Kwong J, Elkassem S, Bonrath E, Zevin B, Sockalingam S, Smith C, Smith C, Whitlock K, Gill R, Suri M, Palter V, Wakeam E, Khan R, Martelli V, Malik A, Young P, Daigle C, McCreery G, Seth R, Paskar D, Sudarshan M, Richardson D, Haggar F, Davis V, Rivard J, Agzarian J, Racz J, Winocour J, Zilbert N, Decker C, Neumann K, Gosney J, Wissanji H, Chadi S, Alhabboubi M, Partridge E, Alhabboubi M, Olszewski M, Chan R, Nadler A, Hameed U, Brotherhood H, Menezes A, MacDonald B, Rakovich G, Hilsden R, Merani S, Davis P, Davis P, Cools-Lartigue J, Ojah J, Julien F, Carter D, Pitt D, Banks B, Rudovics A, Ravichandran P, Anantha R, Aad I, Kholdebarin R, Aird L, Wong S, Payne J, Hallet J, Farries L, Raiche I, Botkin C, Morency D, Berger-Richardson D, Isa A, Dupuis I, Schweigert M, Koubi S, Ernjakovic M, Grant K, Cools-Lartigue J, Carrott P, Stafford T, Malthaner R, Sudarshan M, Hanna W, Lee L, Markar S, Razzak R, Bharadwaj S, Ashrafi A, Ouellette D, Fergusson D, Forster A, Boushey R, Porter G, Johnson P, Gomes T, Chan B, Auer R, Moloo H, Mamdani M, Markar S, Al-Omran M, Al-Obaid O, Boushey R, Lim DR, Min BS, Baik SH, Gordon P, Kim NK, Lo A, Pinsk I, Bottoni D, Brown C, Raval M, Cheng H, Wong C, Johnston N, Farrokhyar F, Stephen W, Kelly S, Lindsay L, Forbes S, Knickle C, Bouchard A, Parry N, Leslie K, Ott M, Coughlin S, Gazala S, Gazala S, Donahoe L, Walker K, Li C, Alnasser S, Schweigert M, Schweigert M, Zhuruk A, Hanouf A, Vanounou T, Karanicolas P, Aubin JM, Yeung J, Dumitra S, Simoneau E, Vanounou T, Howe B, Hawel J, Jang JH, Bertens K, Rekman J, Wei A, Dumitra S, Koubi S, Ouellet JF, Wei A, Covelli A, Maniar R, Sun S, Davis V, Brackstone M, Boissonneault R, Kim S, Baliski C, Gazala S, Hameed U, Sudarshan M, Arnaout A, Wedman D, Nostedt M, Hebbard P, Shetty S, Dixon M, Wei A, Dixon M, Kazazian K, Lemke M, Wells B, Musselman R, Zih FSW, Menezes A, Nassif M, Leon-Carlyle M, Wei A, Krotneva S, Bradley N, Trabulsi N, Trabulsi N, Chin-Lenn L, Cheng H, Petrucci A, Sandhu L, Neville A, Lee L, Li C, Yang I, Prabhu KL, Melich G, Knowles S, Richardson D, Borowiec A, Hallet J, Boissonneault R, Kolozsvari N, Hallet J, Tuttle P, VanHouwelingen L, Haggar F, Boulanger-Gobeil C, Chan B, Chan B, Richardson D, Musselman R, Melich G, Phang P, Goldstein L, Wen C, Lebrun A, Chadi S, Roy M, Villeneuve S, AlMuntashery A, Demyttenaere S, Christou N, Court O, Fayez R, Demyttenaere S, Christou N, Court O, Bonrath E, Hagen J, Okrainec A, Sullivan P, Grantcharov T, Sharma A, Karmali S, Birch D, Majumdar S, Wang X, Tuepah R, Klarenbach S, Birch D, Karmali S, Sharma A, Padwal R, Smith C, Haggar F, Moloo H, Poulin E, Martel G, Yelle JD, Mamazza J, Jackson T, Penner T, Pitzul K, Urbach D, Okrainec A, Villeneuve S, Roy M, Fayez R, Demyttenaere S, Christou N, Court O, Roy M, Villeneuve S, AlMuntashery A, Demyttenaere S, Christou N, Court O, Fayez R, Demyttenaere S, Court O, Christou N, Biertho L, Hould FS, Lebel S, Lescelleur O, Marceau S, Marceau P, Biron S, Grantcharov T, Sharma A, Yusuf S, Okrainec A, Pitzul K, Urbach D, Jackson T, Lindsay D, Sullivan P, Smith L, Zevin B, Dedy N, Grantcharov T, Bonrath E, Aggarwal R, Grantcharov T, Cassin S, Crawford S, Pitzul K, Khan A, Hawa R, Jackson T, Okrainec A, Brar B, Mamazza J, Raîche I, Yelle JD, Haggar F, Moloo H, Brar B, Haggar F, Dent R, Mamazza J, Raîche I, Moloo H, Gill R, Ali T, Shi X, Birch D, Karmali S, Whitlock K, Shi X, Sarkhosh K, Birch D, Karmali S, Turner J, Nation P, Wizzard P, Brubaker P, Gisalet D, Wales P, Grantcharov T, Tien H, Spencer F, Brenneman F, Kowal J, Wiseman S, Fraser S, Vedel I, Deban M, Holcroft C, Monette M, Monette J, Bergman S, Bell C, Stukel T, Urbach D, Mueller T, Lucykx V, Lukowski C, Compston C, Churchill T, Khadaroo R, Grantcharov T, Vogt K, Dubois L, Gray D, Ananth A, Tai LH, Lam T, Falls T, Souza C, Bell J, Auer R, Crawford S, Parry N, Leslie K, Alhabboubi M, St-Louis E, Deckelbaum D, Razek T, Feldman L, Khwaja K, Porter G, Johnson P, Boushey R, Moloo H, Raiche I, Mamazza J, Schiller D, Eurich D, Sawyer M, Vergis A, Unger B, Hardy K, Andrew C, Gillman L, Park J, Prodger J, Kelly W, Kelly S, Prodger D, Ewara E, Martin J, Sarma S, Chu M, Schlachta C, Zaric G, Al-Ali K, Briggs K, George R, Murnaghan M, Leung A, Regehr G, Moulton CA, Mahmud S, Metcalfe J, McKay A, Park J, Hochman D, Burkle F, Redmond A, McQueen K, Desrosiers E, Gilbert A, Leslie K, Ott M, Sudarshan M, Jessula S, Alburakan A, Deckelbaum D, Razek T, Iqbal S, Khwaja K, Aikins C, Sudarshan M, Deckelbaum D, Iqbal S, Khwaja K, Razek T, Roberts N, Moulton CA, Murnaghan M, Cil T, Marshall J, Pederson K, Erichsen S, White J, Aarts MA, Okrainec A, Victor J, Pearsall E, McLeod R, Jackson T, Okrainec A, Penner T, Urbach D, Karimuddin A, Hall C, Bawan S, Malik S, Hayashi A, Gill R, McAlister C, Zhang N, DesRosiers E, Mills A, Crozier M, Lee L, Maxwell J, Partridge E, Chad S, Steigerwald S, Mapiour D, Roberts D, MacPherson C, Donahoe L, Mercer D, Hopman W, Latulippe JF, Knowles S, Moffat B, Parry N, Leslie K, Switzer N, Khadaroo R, Tul Y, Widder S, Molinari M, Levy A, Johnson P, Bailey J, Molinari M, Hayden J, Johnson P, Benlolo S, Marcus V, Ferri L, Finley R, Anderson D, Gagné JP, Chan S, Wong S, Li J, Michael A, Choi D, Liu E, Hoogenes J, Dath D, Aubin JM, Mew D, McConnell Y, Classen D, Kanthan S, Croome K, Kovacs M, Lazo-Langner A, Hernandez-Alejandro R, Vogt K, Crawford S, Parry N, Leslie K, Khoshgoo N, Iwasiow B, Keijzer R, Brown C, Isa D, Pace D, Widder S, Tul Y, Primrose M, Hudson D, Khadaroo R, Lauzier F, Mailloux O, Trottier V, ARchambault P, Zarychanski R, Turgeon A, Mailloux O, Hardy P, Muirhead R, Masters J, Haggar F, Poulin HME, Martel G, Mamazza J, Milbrandt C, Keijzer R, Sideris L, Grenier-Vallée P, Latulippe JF, Dubé P, Kurashima Y, Kaneva P, Feldman L, Fried G, Vassiliou M, Kwan AL, Fraser S, Solymosi N, Rauh N, Dubecz A, Renz M, Ofner D, Stein H, Borgaonkar M, Crystal P, Easson A, Escallon J, Reedijk M, Cil T, Leong W, McCready D, Clifton J, Mayo J, Finley R, Noreau-Nguyen M, Mulder D, Ferri L, Markar S, Hong J, Low D, Maslow A, Davignon K, Ng T, Tan L, Aruranian J, Kosa S, Ferri L, Murphy G, Allison F, Moshonov H, Darling G, Waddell T, De Perrot M, Cypel M, Yasufuku K, Keshavjee S, Paul N, Pierre A, Darling G, Pedneault C, Marcus V, Mulder D, Ferri L, Low D, Roa W, Löbenberg R, McEwan S, Bédard E, Louie B, Farivar A, McHugh S, Aye R, Tan-Tam C, De Vera M, Bond R, Ong S, Johal B, Schellenberg D, Po M, Nissar S, Lund C, Ahmadi S, Wakil N, Rakovich G, Beauchamps G, Preston S, Baker C, Low D, Campbell G, Malthaner R, Bethune D, Henteleff H, Johnston M, Buduhan G, Coughlin HE, Roth L, Bhandari M, Malthaner R, Johnson J, Kutsogiannis J, Bédard E, Rammohan K, Stewart K, Bédard E, Buduhan G, Gruchy J, Xu Z, Buduhan G, Ferri L, Mulder D, Ncuti A, Neville A, Kaneva P, Watson D, Vassiliou M, Carli F, Feldman L, Av R, Mayrand S, Franco E, Ferri L, Dubecz A, Renz M, Stadlhuber R, Ofner D, Stein H, Renz M, Dubecz A, Solymosi N, Thumfart L, Ofner D, Stein H, Croome K, Leeper R, Hernandez R, Livingstone S, Sapp J, Woodhall D, Alwayn I, Bergman S, Lam-McCulloch J, Balaa F, Jayaraman S, Quan D, Wei A, Guyatt G, Rekman J, Fairfull-Smith R, Mimeault R, Balaa F, Martel G, Boehnert M, Bazerbachi F, Knaak J, Selzner N, McGilvray I, Rotstein O, Adeyi O, Levy G, Keshavjee S, Grant D, Selzner M, Khalil JA, Jamal M, Chaudhury P, Zogopoulos G, Petrakos P, Tchervenkov J, Barkun J, Jamal M, Hassanain M, Chaudhury P, Wong S, Salman A, Tran T, Metrakos P, Groeschl R, Geller D, Marsh J, Gamblin T, Croome K, Croome K, Quan D, Hernandez R, Kim P, Greig PD, Gallinger S, Moulton CA, Wei A, Fischer S, Cleary S, Vogt K, Hernandez-Alejandro R, Gray D, Aubin J, Fairfull-Smith J, Mimeault R, Balaa F, Martel G, Devitt K, Ramjaun A, Gallingher S, Alabbad S, Constantinos D, Hassanein M, Barkun J, Metrakos P, Paraskevas S, Chaudhury P, Tchervenkov J, Borgaonkar M, Tanyingoh D, Dixon E, Kaplan G, Myers R, Howard T, Sutherland F, Zyromski N, Ball C, Coburn N, Moulton CA, Cleary S, Law C, Greig P, Steven G, Baxter N, Fitch M, Wright F, Hochman D, Wirtzfeld D, McKay A, Yaffe C, Yip B, Silverman R, Park J, McConnell Y, Temple W, Mack L, Schiller D, Bathe O, Sawyer M, Scott L, Vandenberg T, Perera F, Potvin K, Chambers A, Loungnarath R, DeBroux É, Lavertu S, Donath D, Ayoub JP, Tehfé M, Richard C, Cornacchi S, Heller B, Farrokhyar F, Babra M, Lovrics P, Liberto C, Ghosh S, McLean R, Schiller D, Jackson T, Okrainec A, Penner T, Urbach D, Dumitra S, Duplisea J, Wexler S, Seely J, Smylie J, Knight K, Robertson S, Watters J, Zhang T, Arneout A, Hochman D, Wirtzfeld D, McKay A, Yip B, Yaffe C, Silverman R, Park J, Baxter N, Yun L, Rakovitch E, Wright F, Warner E, McCready D, Hodgson N, Quan M, Natarajan B, Govindarajan V, Thomas P, Loggie B, Brar S, Mahar A, Law C, Coburn N, Devitt K, Wiebe M, Bathe O, McLeod R, Baxter N, Gagliardi A, Kennedy E, Urbach D, Brar S, Mahar A, Law C, Coburn N, Zih F, Rosario C, Dennis J, Gingras AC, Swallow C, Ko YJ, Rowsell C, Law C, Saskin R, Quan ML, Xie M, McLaughlin K, Marginean C, Moyana T, Moloo H, Boushey R, Auer R, Razik R, Haase E, Mathieson A, Smith A, Swallow C, Barnes A, Scheer A, Moloo H, Boushey R, Sabri E, Auer R, Reidel K, Trabulsi N, Meterissian S, Tamblyn R, Mayo N, Meguerditchian A, Brown J, Hamm J, Phang P, Raval M, Brown C, Devitt K, Wiebe M, Bathe O, McLeod R, Taylor B, Urbach D, Reidel K, Mayo N, Tamblyn R, Meguerditchian A, Hamm J, Wiseman S, Patakfalvi L, Nassif M, Turcotte R, Nichols A, Meguerditchian A, Riedel K, Winslade N, Grégoire JP, Meterissian S, Abrahamovicz M, Megueerditchian A, Pasieka J, McMillan C, Lipa J, Snell L, Sudarshan M, Dumitra S, Duplisea J, Wexler S, Meterissian S, Tomlinson G, Kennedy E, Wei A, Baxter N, Urbach D, Liberman A, Charlebois P, Stein B, Ncuti A, Vassiliou M, Fried G, Feldman L, Capretti G, Power A, Liberman A, Charlebois P, Stein B, Kaneva P, Carli F, Fried G, Feldman L, Carli F, Charlebois P, Stein B, Liberman A, Kaneva P, Augustin B, Gamsa A, Kim DJ, Vassiliou M, Feldman L, Boushey R, Moloo H, Vu L, Chan S, Phang P, Gown A, Jones S, Wiseman S, Jeong DH, Hur H, Baik SH, Kim NK, Faria J, Min BS, Lumb K, Colquhoun P, Porter G, Johnson P, Baxter N, Schmocker S, Huang H, Victor J, Krzyzanowska MK, Brierley J, McLeod R, Kennedy E, Milot H, Desrosiers E, Lebrun A, Drolet S, Bouchard A, Grégoire R, Vuong T, Loungnarath R, DeBroux E, Liberman A, Charlebois P, Stein B, Richard C, Capretti G, Kaneva P, Neville A, Carli F, Liberman S, Charlebois P, Stein B, Vassiliou M, Fried G, Feldman L, Milot H, Drolet S, Bouchard A, Grégoire R, Powell R, Fowler A, Mathieson A, Martin K, Vogt K, Ott M, Pereira G, Einarsdottir K, Moloo H, Boushey R, Mamazza J, Bouchard A, Gagné J, Grégoire R, Thibault C, Bouchard P, Gomes T, Musselman R, Auer R, Moloo H, Mamdani M, Al-Omran M, Boushey R, AlObeed O, Armstrong J. Canadian Surgery Forum1 Is laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy a reasonable stand-alone procedure for super morbidly obese patients?2 Postoperative monitoring requirements of patients with obstructive sleep apnea undergoing bariatric surgery3 Role of relaparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of bariatric complications in the early postoperative period4 Changes of active and total ghrelin, GLP-1 and PYY following restrictive bariatric surgery and their impact on satiety: comparison of sleeve gastrectomy and adjustable gastric banding5 Prioritization and willingness to pay for bariatric surgery: the patient perspective6 Ventral hernia at the time of laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery: Should it be repaired?7 Linear stapled gastrojejunostomy with transverse handsewn enterotomy closure significantly reduces strictures for laparoscopic Roux-en-Y bypass8 Laparoscopic biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch as second stage for super super morbidly obese patients. Do all patients benefit?9 Sleeve gastrectomy in the super super morbidly obese (BMI > 60 kg/m2): a Canadian experience10 Laparoscopic gastric bypass for the treatment of refractory idiopathic gastroparesis: a report of 2 cases11 Duodeno-ileal switch as a primary bariatric and metabolic surgical option for the severely obese patient with comorbidities: review of a single-institution case series of duodeno-ileal intestinal bypass12 Management of large paraesophageal hernias in morbidly obese patients with laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a case series13 Early results of the Ontario bariatric surgical program: using the bariatric registry14 Improving access to bariatric surgical care: Is universal health care the answer?15 Early and liberal postoperative exploration can reduce morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing bariatric surgery16 Withdrawn17 Identification and assessment of technical errors in laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass18 A valid and reliable tool for assessment of surgical skill in laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass19 Psychiatric predictors of presurgery drop-out following suitability assessment for bariatric surgery20 Predictors of outcomes following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery at The Ottawa Hospital21 Prophylactic management of cholelithiasis in bariatric patients: Is routine cholecystectomy warranted?22 Early outcomes of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in a publicly funded obesity program23 Similar incidence of gastrojejunal anastomotic stricture formation with hand-sewn and 21 mm circular stapler techniques during Roux-en-Y gastric bypass24 (CAGS Basic Science Award) Exogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 improves clinical, morphological and histological outcomes of intestinal adaptation in a distal-intestinal resection piglet model of short bowel syndrome25 (CAGS Clinical Research Award) Development and validation of a comprehensive curriculum to teach an advanced minimally invasive procedure: a randomized controlled trial26 Negative-pressure wound therapy (iVAC) on closed, high-risk incisions following abdominal wall reconstruction27 The impact of seed granting on research in the University of British Columbia Department of Surgery28 Quality of surgical care is inadequate for elderly patients29 Recurrence of inguinal hernia in general and hernia specialty hospitals in Ontario, Canada30 Oncostatin M receptor deficiency results in increased mortality in an intestinal ischemia reperfusion model in mice31 Laparoscopic repair of large paraesophageal hernias with anterior gastropexy: a multicentre trial32 Response to preoperative medical therapy predicts success of laparoscopic splenectomy for immune thrombocytopenic purpura33 Perioperative sepsis, but not hemorrhagic shock, promotes the development of cancer metastases in a murine model34 Measuring the impact of implementing an acute care surgery service on the management of acute biliary disease35 Patient flow and efficiency in an acute care surgery service36 The relationship between treatment factors and postoperative complications after radical surgery for rectal cancer37 Risk of ventral hernia after laparoscopic colon surgery38 Urinary metabolomics as a tool for early detection of Barrett’s and esophageal cancer39 Construct validity of individual and summary performance metrics associated with a computer-based laparo-scopic simulator40 Impact of a city-wide health system reorganization on emergency department visits in hospitals in surrounding communities41 Transcatheter aortic valve implantation for the nonoperative management of aortic stenosis: a cost-effectiveness analysis42 Breast cancer: racial differences in age of onset. A potential confounder in Canadian screening recommendations43 Risk taking in surgery: in and out of the comfort zone44 A tumour board in the office: Track those cancer patients!45 Increased patient BMI is not associated with advanced colon cancer stage or grade on presentation: a retrospective chart review46 Consensus statements regarding the multidisciplinary care of limb amputation patients in disasters or humanitarian emergencies. Report of the 2011 Humanitarian Action Summit Surgical Working Group on amputations following disasters or conflict47 Learning the CanMEDS role of professional: a pilot project of supervised discussion groups addressing the hidden curriculum48 Assessing the changing scope of training in Canadian general surgery programs: expected versus actual experience49 Predicting need for surgical management for massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage50 International health care experience: using CanMEDS to evaluate learning outcomes following a surgical mission in Mampong, Ghana51 The open abdomen: risk factors for mortality and rates of closure52 How surgeons think: an exploration of mental practice in surgical preparation53 The surgery wiki: a novel method for delivery of under-graduate surgical education54 Understanding surgical residents’ postoperative practices before implementing an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) guideline at the University of Toronto55 From laparoscopic transabdominal to posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy: a paradigm shift in operative approach56 A retrospective audit of outcomes in patients over the age of 80 undergoing acute care abdominal surgery57 Canadian general surgery residents’ perspectives on work-hour regulations58 Timing of surgical intervention and its outcomes in acute appendicitis59 Preparing surgical trainees to deal with adverse events. An outline of learning issues60 Acute care surgical service: surgeon agreement at the time of handover61 Predicting discharge of elderly patients to prehospitalization residence following emergency general surgery62 Morbidity and mortality after emergency abdominal surgery in octo- and nonagenarians63 The impact of acute abdominal illness and urgent admission to hospital on the living situation of elderly patients64 A comparison of laparoscopic versus open subtotal gastrectomy for antral gastric adenocarcinoma: a North American perspective65 Minimally invasive excision of ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenomas66 Perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic hernia repair in a tertiary care centre: a single institution’s experience67 Evaluation of a student-run, practical and didactic curriculum for preclerkship medical students68 Joseph Lister: Father of Modern Surgery69 Comparisons of melanoma sentinel lymph node biopsy prediction nomograms in a cohort of Canadian patients70 Local experience with myocutaneous flaps after extensive pelvic surgery71 The treatment of noncirrhotic splanchnic vein thrombosis: Is anticoagulation enough?72 Implementation of an acute care surgery service does not affect wait-times for elective cancer surgeries: an institutional experience73 Use of human collagen mesh for closure of a large abdominal wall defect, after colon cancer surgery, a case report74 The role of miR-200b in pulmonary hypoplasia associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia75 Systematic review and meta-analysis of electrocautery versus scalpel for incising epidermis and dermis76 Accuracy of sentinel lymph node biopsy for early breast cancer in the community setting in St. John’s, New-foundland: results of a retrospective review77 Acute surgical outcomes in the 80 plus population78 The liberal use of platelets transfusions in the acute phase of trauma resuscitation: a systematic review79 Implementation of an acute care surgical on call program in a Canadian community hospital80 Short-term outcomes following paraesophageal hernia repair in the elderly patient81 First experience with single incision surgery: feasibility in the pediatric population and cost evaluation82 The impact of the establishment of an acute care surgery unit on the outcomes of appendectomies and cholecystectomies83 Description and preliminary evaluation of a low-cost simulator for training and evaluation of flexible endoscopic skills84 Tumour lysis syndrome in metastatic colon cancer: a case report85 Acute care surgery service model implementation study at a single institution86 Colonic disasters approached by emergent subtotal and total colectomy: lessons learned from 120 consecutive cases87 Acellular collagen matrix stent to protect bowel anastomoses88 Lessons we learned from preoperative MRI-guided wire localization of breast lesions: the University Health Network (UHN) experience89 Interim cost comparison for the use of platinum micro-coils in the operative localization of small peripheral lung nodules90 Routine barium esophagram has minimal impact on the postoperative management of patients undergoing esophagectomy for esophageal cancer91 Iron deficiency anemia is a common presenting issue with giant paraesophageal hernia and resolves following repair92 A randomized comparison of different ventilation strategies during thoracotomy and lung resection93 The Canadian Lung Volume Reduction Surgery study: an 8-year follow-up94 A comparison of minimally invasive versus open Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy95 A new paradigm in the follow-up after curative resection for lung cancer: minimal-dose CT scan allows for early detection of asymptomatic cancer activity96 Predictors of lymph node metastasis in early esophageal adenocarcinoma: Is endoscopic resection worth the risk?97 How well can thoracic surgery residents operate? Comparing resident and program director opinions98 The impact of extremes of age on short- and long-term outcomes following surgical resection of esophageal malignancy99 Epidermal growth factor receptor targeted gold nanoparticles for the enhanced radiation treatment of non–small cell lung cancer100 Laparoscopic Heller myotomy results in excellent outcomes in all subtypes of achalasia as defined by the Chicago classification101 Neoadjuvant chemoradiation versus surgery in managing esophageal cancer102 Quality of life postesophagectomy for cancer!103 The implementation, evolution and translocation of standardized clinical pathways can improve perioperative outcomes following surgical treatment of esophageal cancer104 A tissue-mimicking phantom for applications in thoracic surgical simulation105 Sublobar resection compared with lobectomy for early stage non–small cell lung cancer: a single institution study106 Not all reviews are equal: the quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in thoracic surgery107 Do postoperative complications affect health-related quality of life after video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy for patients with lung cancer? A cohort study108 Thoracoscopic plication for palliation of dyspnea secondary to unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis: A worthwhile venture?109 Thoracic surgery experience in Canadian general surgery residency programs110 Perioperative morbidity and pathologic response rates following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiation for locally advanced esophageal carcinoma111 An enhanced recovery pathway reduces length of stay after esophagectomy112 Predictors of dysplastic and neoplastic progression of Barrett’s esophagus113 Recurrent esophageal cancer complicated by tracheoesophageal fistula: management by means of palliative airway stenting114 Pancreaticopleural fistula-induced empyema thoracis: principles and results of surgical management115 Prognostic factors of early postoperative mortality following right extended hepatectomy116 Optimizing steatotic livers for transplantation using a cell-penetrating peptide CPP-fused heme oxygenase117 Video outlining the technical steps for a robot-assisted laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy118 Establishment of a collaborative group to conduct innovative clinical trials in Canada119 Hepatic resection for metastatic malignant melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis120 Acellular normothermic ex vivo liver perfusion for donor liver preservation121 Pancreatic cancer and predictors of survival: comparing the CA 19–9/bilirubin ratio with the McGill Brisbane Scoring System122 Staged liver resections for bilobar hepatic colorectal metastases: a single centre experience123 Economic model of observation versus immediate resection of hepatic adenomas124 Resection of colorectal liver metastasis in the elderly125 Acceptable long-term survival in patients undergoing liver resection for metastases from noncolorectal, non-neuroendocrine, nonsarcoma malignancies126 Patient and clinicopathological features and prognosis of CK19+ hepatocellular carcinomas: a case–control study127 The management of blunt hepatic trauma in the age of angioembolization: a single centre experience128 Liver resections for noncolorectal and non-neuroendocrine metastases: an evaluation of oncologic outcomes129 Developing an evidence-based clinical pathway for patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy130 Hepatitis C infection and hepatocellular carcinoma in liver transplant: a 20 year experience131 The effect of medication on the risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis132 Temporal trends in the use of diagnostic imaging for patients with hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) conditions: How much ionizing radiation are we really using?196 A phase II study of aggressive metastasectomy for intra-and extrahepatic metastases from colorectal cancer133 Why do women choose mastectomy for breast cancer treatment? A conceptual framework for understanding surgical decision-making in early-stage breast cancer134 Synoptic operative reporting: documentation of quality of care data for rectal cancer surgery135 Learning curve analysis for cytoreductive surgery: a useful application of the cumulative sum (CUSUM) method136 Pancreatic cancer is strongly associated with a unique urinary metabolomic signature137 Concurrent neoadjuvant chemo/radiation in locally advanced breast cancer138 Impact of positron emission tomography on clinical staging of newly diagnosed rectal cancer: a specialized single centre retrospective study139 An evaluation of intraoperative Faxitron microradiography versus conventional specimen radiography for the excision of nonpalpable breast lesions140 Comparison of breast cancer treatment wait-times in the Southern Interior of British Columbia in 2006 and 2010141 Factors affecting lymph nodes harvest in colorectal carcinoma142 Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for metastases143 You have a message! Social networking as a motivator for fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery (FLS) training144 The evaluation and validation of a rapid diagnostic and support clinic for women assessment for breast cancer145 Oncoplastic breast surgery: oncologic benefits and limitations146 A qualitative study on rectal cancer patients’ preferences for location of surgical care147 The effect of surgery on local recurrence in young women with breast cancer148 Elevated IL-6 and IL-8 levels in tumour microenvironment is not associated with increased serum levels in humans with Pseudomyxoma peritonei and peritoneal mesothelioma149 Conversion from laparoscopic to open approach during gastrectomy: a population-based analysis150 A scoping review of surgical process improvement tools (SPITs) in cancer surgery151 Splenectomy during gastric cancer surgery: a population-based study152 Defining the polo-like kinase 4 (Plk4) interactome in cancer cell protrusions153 Neoadjuvant imatinib mesylate for locally advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumours154 Implementing results from ACOSOG Z0011: Practice-changing or practice-affirming?155 Should lymph node retrieval be a surgical quality indicator in colon cancer?156 Long-term outcomes following resection of retroperitoneal recurrence of colorectal cancer157 Clinical research in surgical oncology: an analysis of clinicaltrials.gov158 Radiation therapy after breast conserving surgery: When are we missing the mark?159 The accuracy of endorectal ultrasound in staging rectal lesions in patients undergoing transanal endoscopic microsurgery160 Quality improvement in gastrointestinal cancer surgery: expert panel recommendations for priority research areas161 Factors influencing the quality of local management of ductal carcinoma in situ: a cohort study162 Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: Does size matter?163 Hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion for extremity soft tissue sarcomas: systematic review of clinical efficacy and quality assessment of reported trials164 Adherence to antiestrogen therapy in seniors with breast cancer: How well are we doing?165 Parathyroid carcinoma: Challenging the surgical dogma?166 A qualitative assessment of the journey to delayed breast reconstruction195 The role of yoga therapy in breast cancer patients167 Outcomes reported in comparative studies of surgical interventions168 Enhanced recovery pathways decrease length of stay following colorectal surgery, but how quickly do patients actually recover?169 The impact of complications on bed utilization after elective colorectal resection170 Impact of trimodal prehabilitation program on functional recovery after colorectal cancer surgery: a pilot study171 Complex fistula-in-ano: Should the plug be abandoned in favour of the LIFT or BioLIFT?172 Prognostic utility of cyclooxygenase-2 expression by colon and rectal cancer173 Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with complete mesocolic excision provides acceptable perioperative outcomes but is complex and time-consuming: analysis of learning curves for a novice minimally invasive surgeon174 Intraoperative quality assessment following double stapled circular colorectal anastomosis175 Improving patient outcomes through quality assessment of rectal cancer care176 Are physicians willing to accept a decrease in treatment effectiveness for improved functional outcomes for low rectal cancer?177 Turnbull-Cutait delayed coloanal anastomosis for the treatment of distal rectal cancer: a prospective cohort study178 Preoperative high-dose rate brachytherapy in preparation for sphincter preservation surgery for patients with advanced cancer of the lower rectum179 Impact of an enhanced recovery program on short-term outcomes after scheduled laparoscopic colon resection180 The clinical results of the Turnbull-Cutait delayed coloanal anastomosis: a systematic review181 Is a vertical rectus abdominus flap (VRAM) necessary? An analysis of perineal wound complications182 Fistula plug versus endorectal anal advancement flap for the treatment of high transsphincteric cryptoglandular anal fistulas: a systematic review and meta-analysis183 Maternal and neonatal outcomes following colorectal cancer surgery184 Transanal drainage to treat anastomotic leaks after low anterior resection for rectal cancer: a valuable option185 Trends in colon cancer in Ontario: 2002–2009186 Validation of electronically derived short-term outcomes in colorectal surgery187 A population-based assessment of transanal and endoscopic resection for adenocarcinoma of the rectum188 Laparoscopic colorectal surgery in the emergency setting: trends in the province of Ontario from 2002 to 2009189 Prevention of perineal hernia after laparoscopic and robotic abdominoperineal resection: review with case series of internal hernia through pelvic mesh which was placed in attempt to prevent perineal hernia190 Effect of rectal cancer treatments on quality of life191 The use of antibacterial sutures as an adjunctive preventative strategy for surgical site infection in Canada: an economic analysis192 Impact of socioeconomic status on colorectal cancer screening and stage at presentation: preliminary results of a population-based study from an urban Canadian centre193 Initial perioperative results of the first transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) program in the province of Quebec194 Use of negative pressure wound therapy decreases perineal wound infections following abdominal perineal resection. Can J Surg 2012; 55:S63-S135. [DOI: 10.1503/cjs.016712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Wong S, Tracey-White D, Argyros O, Harbottle R. 761 Genetic Modification of Cancer Cells Using Non-viral Vectors Harbouring a Scaffold/Matrix Attachment Region. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)71397-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Huda S, Wong S, Steiger MJ. 090 The phenotype of Voltage Gated Potassium Channel (VGKC) antibody positive patients at the Walton Centre for neurology and neurosurgery. A retrospective analysis of 52 patients. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301993.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zhao H, Li F, Cui K, Sheng J, Landis M, Chang J, Wong S, Dave B. P3-17-02: Targeting the Autophagy Pathway for Drug Resistance of Breast Tumor-Initiating Cells. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p3-17-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Our clinical data and experimental evidence reveal that the tumor-initiating cells (TICs) in the original tumor are intrinsically resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy and greatly enriched in residual breast cancers after such treatments. We have published a gene expression signature of such breast TICs, and our pathway analysis on the gene signature suggests that the activation of autophagy pathway may be an intrinsic characteristic of the TICs. This motivates us to further investigate the role of the autophagy pathway in TICs self-maintenance and their resistance to hormonal and chemo therapies, as well as their response to TIC-targeted therapies.
Methods: A collective 84 well-documented autophagy pathway genes were used to compare the activation of autophagy pathway in different microarray datasets, 1) flow-sorted CD44+/CD24−/low cancer cells vs. all other cells (representing 20 patients), and cancer-derived MSs vs. corresponding primary bulk tumors (representing 17 patients), 2) before vs. after letrozole and doxetaxel treatments (representing 30 patient pairs), 3) before vs. after letrozole treatment (representing 176 patient pairs), and 4) before vs. after lapatinib treatment (representing 115 patient pairs). We applied the Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM) algorithm to analyze the expression data of 211 normalized probes for the 84 genes. Low-density RTPCR array for the 84 genes was used to confirm the differential expressed genes on tumor tissues of 18 letrozol treated patient pairs. Two human-cancer-in-mouse triple-negative xenograft tumor lines were treated with Notch pathway inhibitor alone or in combining with docetaxel. The tumor growth, mammosphere formation efficiency, and the expression of autophagy marker proteins were evaluated.
Results: Overall, the enrichment analysis of the 84-gene set in all the above microarray datasets showed that the autophagy genes are significantly enriched in the differential expressed genes. In particular, 28 out of the 84 autophagy genes are significantly up-regulated in the TICs populations while 5 other autophagy genes are down-regulated with the false discovery rate (FDR) less than 0.05. For the letrozole and doxetaxel treatment microarray analysis, 34 out of the 84 autophagy genes are significantly up-regulated in the after-treatment group (p<0.01), and only 3 out of the 84 autophagy genes are down-regulated (FDR<0.05). Interestingly, significantly more autophagy genes (15 out of the 84) are down-regulated in the after-lapatinib treatment group (p<0.05), and less genes (13 out of 84) are up-regulated after lapatinib treatment, thus confirming previous observations that lapatinib may affect TICs. We confirmed these findings in two human cancer xenograft studies of Notch pathway inhibitor (GSI) to target TICs, which showed significantly reduced expressions of LC3 and p62, two autophagic markers. In both xenograft models, GSI reduced mammosphere formation efficiency compared to vehicle control (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Activation of the autophagy pathway in TICs is a promising target to combat the drug resistance of breast cancer to conventional systemic therapy.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-17-02.
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O'Shaughnessy J, Craig DW, Kiefer J, Sinari S, Moses TM, Wong S, Aldrich J, Christoforides A, Dinh J, Itzatt T, Blum J, Kurdoglu A, Salhia B, Baker A, Siddiqui A, Hoang L, Billings P, Trent JM, Mousses S, Von Hoff D, Carpten JD. S3-5: Next Generation Sequencing Reveals Co-Activating Events in the MAPK and P13K/AKT Pathways in Metastatic Triple Negative Breast Cancers. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-s3-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The clinical application of next generation sequencing to comprehensively characterize groups of driving mutations in individual metastatic triple negative breast cancer (mTNBC) genomes has the potential to reveal therapeutically relevant pathway dependencies. Towards this end, we harvested tissue from 14 patients with mTNBC and are conducting deep whole genome and transcriptome sequencing for each case to identify mutations that can guide therapeutic targeting within available phase I/II clinical trials.
METHODS: Metastatic tumor tissue was harvested from 14 mTNBC patients, and 7 samples have undergone total genome and transcriptome sequencing with the others currently underway. We are utilizing the Life Technologies SOLiD® system to sequence germline and tumor DNA to sufficient depth to identify somatic genome alterations including point mutations, indels, and structural events including translocations. Furthermore, RNA-seq is being performed on these tumors, along with a series of age- and ethnicity-matched normal breast controls to perform deep differential expression analysis, isoform expression analysis, and fusion transcript detection. Our team of genome scientists and clinical oncologists are evaluating the sequencing findings and are prioritizing the investigational therapeutic options for each patient.
RESULTS: Our whole genome and transcriptome sequencing study has revealed numerous known and novel mutations in mTNBC. However, all patients’ cancers analyzed to date had alterations that would activate the MAPK pathway, but through various mechanisms in different patients. These include BRAF amplification and overexpression, NF1 homozygous deletion, and consistent IQGAP3 overexpression. Furthermore, all patients’ cancers also harbor mutations that would activate the PI3K/AKT pathway including PTEN homozygous deletion or down-regulation, consistent INPP4B down-regulation, FBXW7 homozygous deletion, and ERAS overexpression. Moreover, although we and others show ERBB4 down-regulation in breast tumors, we are the first to report unique somatic genomic events that significantly alter the ERBB4 locus leading to its loss in the majority (5/7) of our patients’ tumors. Importantly, we are beginning to use these insights to prioritize therapeutic targeting and have observed that one chemotherapy-refractory mTNBC patient, with a high-level BRAF amplification/overexpression along with down-regulation of PTEN and INPP4B, had a major response to combined mek plus akt inhibitors on a phase I study.
CONCLUSIONS: Comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic interrogation of mTNBCs has revealed events supporting co-activation of the MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways in all the tumors albeit by different mutational mechanisms and supports potential effectiveness of combination therapy in the treatment of mTNBC. We plan to treat these patients with combined mek plus akt inhibitors on a new phase I study beginning in August 2011 to determine the effectiveness of co-inhibition of these pathways based on this frequent genomic context.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr S3-5.
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Wong S, Derry F, Jamous A, Hirani SP, Grimble G, Forbes A. Validation of the spinal nutrition screening tool (SNST) in patients with spinal cord injuries (SCI): result from a multicentre study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2011; 66:382-7. [PMID: 22166898 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES A disease-specific nutrition screening tool (NST): the spinal nutrition screening tool (SNST) has been developed for use in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) but its reliability and agreement with other published tools requires investigation. The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of malnutrition risk in SCI patients and to confirm the diagnostic accuracy of the SNST. SUBJECTS/METHODS Patients' baseline clinical data, anthropometric measurements and NST scores were assessed. The validity of the SNST was assessed by (i) comparing with a full dietetic assessment (criterion validity); (ii) comparison with a generic NST: malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST) (concurrent validity); and (iii) completion of an additional SNST to assess inter- and intra-rater reliability. Agreement was assessed using Cohen's κ-statistics. RESULTS Using the SNST, the prevalence of malnutrition risk ranged from 22 to 64% on admission to four SCI centres. The SNST had substantial agreement with MUST (κ: 0.723, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.607-0.839) and dietitian assessment (κ: 0.567, 95% CI: 0.434-0.699). The SNST had a moderate to substantial reliability (inter-rater reliability: κ: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.2-0.8; intra-rater reliability: κ: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.486-0.802). When compared with dietetic assessment, the SNST had a numerically lower specificity (76.1% vs 80.4%) and similar agreement to MUST (κ: 0.57 vs 0.58) but SNST showed a numerically higher sensitivity (85.7% vs 80.4%) and a numerically higher negative predictive value (92% vs 89.2%) than MUST. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that malnutrition is common in SCI patients. The SNST is an acceptable (valid and reliable) NST and may be a useful alternative to MUST in identifying SCI patients at risk of malnutrition.
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Wong S, Ordean A, Kahan M. SOGC clinical practice guidelines: Substance use in pregnancy: no. 256, April 2011. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2011; 114:190-202. [PMID: 21870360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To improve awareness and knowledge of problematic substance use in pregnancy and to provide evidence-based recommendations for the management of this challenging clinical issue for all health care providers. OPTIONS This guideline reviews the use of screening tools, general approach to care, and recommendations for clinical management of problematic substance use in pregnancy. OUTCOMES Evidence-based recommendations for screening and management of problematic substance use during pregnancy and lactation. EVIDENCE Medline, PubMed, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library were searched for articles published from 1950 using the following key words: substance-related disorders, mass screening, pregnancy complications, pregnancy, prenatal care, cocaine, cannabis, methadone, opioid, tobacco, nicotine, solvents, hallucinogens, and amphetamines. Results were initially restricted to systematic reviews and randomized control trials/controlled clinical trials. A subsequent search for observational studies was also conducted because there are few RCTs in this field of study. Articles were restricted to human studies published in English. Additional articles were located by hand searching through article reference lists. Searches were updated on a regular basis and incorporated in the guideline up to December 2009. Grey (unpublished) literature was also identified through searching the websites of health technology assessment and health technology assessment-related agencies, clinical practice guideline collections, clinical trial registries, and national and international medical specialty societies. VALUES The quality of evidence was rated using the criteria described in the Report of the Canadian Task Force on the Preventive Health Care. Recommendations for practice were ranked according to the method described in that report (Table 1). BENEFITS, HARMS, AND COSTS This guideline is intended to increase the knowledge and comfort level of health care providers caring for pregnant women who have substance use disorders. Improved access to health care and assistance with appropriate addiction care leads to reduced health care costs and decreased maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
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Wong S, Graham A, Harini SP, Grimble G, Forbes A. Profile and prevalence of malnutrition in children with spinal cord injuries-assessment of the Screening Tool for Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics (STAMP). Spinal Cord 2011; 50:67-71. [PMID: 22083299 DOI: 10.1038/sc.2011.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on the prevalence of malnutrition in paediatric patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) are limited. The present study aimed to establish the risk of (i) under-nutrition by using the Screening Tool for Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics: STAMP (score ≥2) and (ii) over-nutrition by body mass index (BMI) centile (≥91st: overweight; ≥98th: obese). METHODS After obtaining informed consent, a standardized questionnaire was used to collect baseline demographic data and nutrition risk score; BMI was measured and routine blood biochemistry was reviewed in every child (>6 months and <18 years) admitted to the SCI centre. RESULTS Sixty-two children (mean age, 11.4 years; s.d., 4.9; median, 13 years; interquartile range, 7.8-15.6, 39.4% female) with SCI (46.5% tetraplegia, 53.4% complete SCI) were assessed. Prevalence of over-nutrition was high (BMI centile ≥91st, 41.1%; ≥98th, 25.5%). Under-nutrition risk was 47.1% (STAMP ≥2). Only 60% of these 'at risk' patients were referred for further nutritional assessment. Associated phenomena included previous intensive care (55.6 versus 20.8%, P<0.05), mechanical ventilation (58.3 versus 18.2%, P<0.01) and past need for artificial nutrition support (75 versus 12.8%, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Both over- and under-nutrition appear common in children with SCI. Our data indicate, furthermore, that children at nutritional risk are under-managed. Future research is needed to complete the validation of the screening tools and to determine how effective intervention can be ensured.
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Brooks-Worrell B, Tree T, Mannering SI, Durinovic-Bello I, James E, Gottlieb P, Wong S, Zhou Z, Yang L, Cilio CM, Reichow J, Menart B, Rutter R, Schreiner R, Pham M, Petrich de Marquesini L, Lou O, Scotto M, Mallone R, Schloot NC. Comparison of cryopreservation methods on T-cell responses to islet and control antigens from type 1 diabetic patients and controls. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2011; 27:737-45. [PMID: 22069253 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a cell-mediated autoimmune disease characterized by destruction of the pancreatic islet cells. The use of cryopreserved cells is preferable to the use of freshly isolated cells to monitor clinical trials to decrease assay and laboratory variability. METHODS The T-Cell Workshop Committee of the Immunology of Diabetes Society compared two widely accepted T-cell freezing protocols (warm and cold) to freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with T1D and controls in terms of recovery, viability, cell subset composition, and performance in functional assays currently in use in T1D-related research. Nine laboratories participated in the study with four different functional assays included. RESULTS The cold freezing method yielded higher recovery and viability compared with the warm freezing method. Irrespective of freezing protocol, B cells and CD8+ T cells were enriched, monocyte fraction decreased, and islet antigen-reactive responses were lower in frozen versus fresh cells. However, these results need to take in to account that the overall response to islet autoantigens was low in some assays. CONCLUSIONS In the current study, none of the tested T-cell functional assays performed well using frozen samples. More research is required to identify a freezing method and a T-cell functional assay that will produce responses in patients with T1D comparable to responses using fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
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Lancaster E, Martinez-Hernandez E, Titulaer MJ, Boulos M, Weaver S, Antoine JC, Liebers E, Kornblum C, Bien CG, Honnorat J, Wong S, Xu J, Contractor A, Balice-Gordon R, Dalmau J. Antibodies to metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in the Ophelia syndrome. Neurology 2011; 77:1698-701. [PMID: 22013185 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182364a44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) as the autoantigen of antibodies from 2 patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and limbic encephalopathy (Ophelia syndrome). METHODS Immunohistochemistry with brain tissue and cultures of rat hippocampal neurons were used to demonstrate antibodies. Immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, and mGluR5-null mice served to identify the antigen. HEK293 cells transfected with mGluR5 or mGluR1 were used to determine immunologic crossreactivity. RESULTS Both patients developed symptoms consistent with limbic encephalopathy; one had MRI findings typical of this disorder and the other had more extensive radiologic involvement, including parietal and occipital cortex. Patients' sera had antibodies that predominantly reacted with the neuropil of hippocampus and cell surface of live hippocampal neurons. Immunoprecipitation from cultured neurons and mass spectrometry demonstrated that the antigen was mGluR5, a receptor involved in processes of learning and memory. The reactivity of patients' sera was abrogated in brain of mGluR5-null mice, further confirming the antibody specificity. Studies with a large number of controls including 2 patients with cerebellar ataxia and mGluR1 antibodies showed that mGluR5 was only identified by sera of the 2 patients with the Ophelia syndrome, and that despite the homology of this receptor with mGluR1 each autoantigen was specific for a distinct syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Antibodies to mGluR5 should be considered in patients with symptoms of limbic encephalitis and HL (Ophelia syndrome). Recognition of this disorder is important because it can affect young individuals and is reversible.
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Wong S, Derry F, Grimble G, Forbes A. How do spinal cord injury centres manage malnutrition? A cross-sectional survey of 12 regional centres in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Spinal Cord 2011; 50:132-5. [PMID: 22006081 DOI: 10.1038/sc.2011.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A multi-centre, cross-sectional survey. OBJECTIVES To establish and compare the resources allocated against existing national standards, and to document current nutritional screening practices. SETTING Spinal cord injury centres (SCICs) in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. METHODS After obtaining research ethics committee approval, 12 SCICs in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland were surveyed by a postal questionnaire. Data collected included the number of whole time equivalent (WTE) staff available, whether a nutrition team was present and the use of nutritional screening tools in the SCIC. RESULTS Eleven (92%) SCICs responded. In total there were 482 allocated beds, and the average numbers of patients per WTE staff (s.d.), including consultants, nurses, dietitians, physiotherapists, occupational therapists and psychologists, were recorded. Eight centres used a nutritional screening tool, and only two centres had a clinical nutrition team. CONCLUSION The resources allocated to nutritional care in SCICs appear to be very limited. This suggests that malnutrition will continue to be under-recognised and under-treated. There is a clear need for additional resources to address the nutritional needs of this special population group. Each SCIC should ensure regular access to nutritional advice, and the establishment of local nutrition support teams should be a priority.
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Poon D, Leung C, Kam M, Leung S, Wong S, Kung S, Lee W, Yu B, Chan A. Dosimetric Advantages And Superior Treatment Delivery Efficiency Of RapidArc Over Conventional Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy In Radiation Therapy Planning For High Risk Prostate Cancer Involving Seminal Vesicles And Pelvic Nodes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Sahgal A, Chang E, Weinberg V, Chao S, Gibbs I, Gerszten P, Ryu S, Wong S, Ma L, Larson D. Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) Spinal Cord Tolerance: Updated Report. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Trojetto T, Elliott RJ, Rashid S, Wong S, Dlugosz K, Helm D, Wickerson L, Brooks D. Availability, characteristics, and barriers of rehabilitation programs in organ transplant populations across Canada. Clin Transplant 2011. [PMID: 21955056 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0012.2011.10501.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Rehabilitation is receiving increasingly more attention from the medical community in the management of individuals' pre- and post-organ transplantation. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was administered to all known transplant programs across Canada to explore the availability, characteristics, and barriers of rehabilitation programs pre- and post-heart, lung, kidney, and liver transplantation. Of the 58 programs surveyed, 35 agreed to participate (nine heart, six lung, 13 kidney, seven liver), and six refused for a response rate of 71%. Twelve transplant programs that offered rehabilitation were identified (six heart, five lung, one liver). All rehabilitation programs identified included aerobic exercises, strength training, and education and involved a multidisciplinary team. The Six Minute Walk Test and the Medical Outcomes Short Form-36 questionnaire were the most commonly used outcome measures. In kidney and liver transplant programs, over 50% of respondents from these programs cited lack of funding, shortage of health care personnel, and a low volume of patients in a centralized region as barriers to providing rehabilitation programs. Rehabilitation can play an integral role in pre- and post-transplantation management, and barriers to access and provision of rehabilitation for organ transplant populations should be examined further.
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Trojetto T, Elliott RJ, Rashid S, Wong S, Dlugosz K, Helm D, Wickerson L, Brooks D. Availability, characteristics, and barriers of rehabilitation programs in organ transplant populations across Canada. Clin Transplant 2011; 25:E571-8. [PMID: 21955056 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0012.2011.01501.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rehabilitation is receiving increasingly more attention from the medical community in the management of individuals' pre- and post-organ transplantation. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was administered to all known transplant programs across Canada to explore the availability, characteristics, and barriers of rehabilitation programs pre- and post-heart, lung, kidney, and liver transplantation. Of the 58 programs surveyed, 35 agreed to participate (nine heart, six lung, 13 kidney, seven liver), and six refused for a response rate of 71%. Twelve transplant programs that offered rehabilitation were identified (six heart, five lung, one liver). All rehabilitation programs identified included aerobic exercises, strength training, and education and involved a multidisciplinary team. The Six Minute Walk Test and the Medical Outcomes Short Form-36 questionnaire were the most commonly used outcome measures. In kidney and liver transplant programs, over 50% of respondents from these programs cited lack of funding, shortage of health care personnel, and a low volume of patients in a centralized region as barriers to providing rehabilitation programs. Rehabilitation can play an integral role in pre- and post-transplantation management, and barriers to access and provision of rehabilitation for organ transplant populations should be examined further.
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Wong S, Bewley A. Patients with delusional infestation (delusional parasitosis) often require prolonged treatment as recurrence of symptoms after cessation of treatment is common: an observational study. Br J Dermatol 2011; 165:893-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10426.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Venner A, Ibanez D, Cheung J, Wong S, Grossi L, Gladman D, Urowitz M, MacKinnon A, Blasutig I, Yip P. The performance of three anti-dsDNA immunoassays and their correlation with disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Clin Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Wong S, White RP. P.10 The clinical reliability of spontaneous retinal venous pulsation. J Neurol Psychiatry 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-300645.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Grimwood S, Lu Y, Schmidt AW, Vanase-Frawley MA, Sawant-Basak A, Miller E, McLean S, Freeman J, Wong S, McLaughlin JP, Verhoest PR. Pharmacological characterization of 2-methyl-N-((2'-(pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)biphenyl-4-yl)methyl)propan-1-amine (PF-04455242), a high-affinity antagonist selective for κ-opioid receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2011; 339:555-66. [PMID: 21821697 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.111.185108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Methyl-N-((2'-(pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)biphenyl-4-yl)methyl)propan-1-amine (PF-04455242) is a novel κ-opioid receptor (KOR) antagonist with high affinity for human (3 nM), rat (21 nM), and mouse (22 nM) KOR, a ∼ 20-fold reduced affinity for human μ-opioid receptors (MORs; K(i) = 64 nM), and negligible affinity for δ-opioid receptors (K(i) > 4 μM). PF-04455242 also showed selectivity for KORs in vivo. In rats, PF-04455242 blocked KOR and MOR agonist-induced analgesia with ID(50) values of 1.5 and 9.8 mg/kg, respectively, and inhibited ex vivo [(3)H](2-(benzofuran-4-yl)-N-methyl-N-((5S,7R,8R)-7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)acetamide ([(3)H]CI977) and [(3)H](2S)-2-[[2-[[(2R)-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]acetyl]-methylamino]-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-phenylpropanamide ([(3)H]DAMGO) binding to KOR and MOR receptors with ID(50) values of 2.0 and 8.6 mg/kg, respectively. An in vivo binding assay was developed using (-)-4-[(3)H]methoxycarbonyl-2-[(1-pyrrolidinylmethyl]-1-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)acetyl]-piperidine ([(3)H]PF-04767135), a tritiated version of the KOR positron emission tomography ligand (-)-4-[(11)C]methoxycarbonyl-2-[(1-pyrrolidinylmethyl]-1-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)acetyl]-piperidine ([(11)C]GR103545) in which PF-04455242 had an ID(50) of 5.2 mg/kg. PF-04455242 demonstrated antidepressant-like efficacy (mouse forced-swim test), attenuated the behavioral effects of stress (mouse social defeat stress assay), and showed therapeutic potential in treating reinstatement of extinguished cocaine-seeking behavior (mouse conditioned place preference). KOR agonist-induced plasma prolactin was investigated as a translatable mechanism biomarker. Spiradoline (0.32 mg/kg) significantly increased rat plasma prolactin levels from 1.9 ± 0.4 to 41.9 ± 4.9 ng/ml. PF-04455242 dose-dependently reduced the elevation of spiradoline-induced plasma prolactin with an ID(50) of 2.3 ± 0.1 mg/kg, which aligned well with the ED(50) values obtained from the rat in vivo binding and efficacy assays. These data provide further evidence that KOR antagonists have potential for the treatment of depression and addiction disorders.
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Chan A, Wong S, Chen PP, Tsoi TH, Lam J, Ip WY, Wong CP, Wong L, Mok V. Validation study of the Chinese Identification Pain Questionnaire for neuropathic pain. Hong Kong Med J 2011; 17:297-300. [PMID: 21813898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES For diagnosing neuropathic pain, a simple 6-item patient-completed identification pain questionnaire has been validated among Caucasians. We aimed to study the validity and reliability of this questionnaire among Hong Kong Chinese patients. DESIGN Questionnaire survey. SETTING Two pain clinics and two neurology clinics in Hong Kong. PATIENTS Patients with either neuropathic pain or nociceptive pain were recruited randomly from the four clinics. The patients completed the questionnaire themselves and the diagnosis of neuropathic pain and nociceptive pain was made by the pain specialists. We determined the optimal cutoff, positive and negative predictive values, sensitivity, specificity, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and test-retest reliability of the translated version. RESULTS Among the 92 participants, 60 (65%) had neuropathic pain and 32 (35%) had nociceptive pain. At an optimal cutoff score of 3 or higher, the positive predictive value was 87% while the negative predictive value was 55%, and it correctly classified 71% of cases. The specificity and sensitivity were 81% and 65%, respectively. The area under the curve was 0.78 (P<0.001). Test-retest reliability in the 10 randomly selected patients showed a good intraclass correlation of 0.72. CONCLUSION The Chinese Identification Pain Questionnaire is a valid and reliable scale that may be used as an initial diagnostic tool for neuropathic pain among Hong Kong Chinese patients.
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Krueger C, Hawkins K, Wong S, Enns MW, Minuk G, Rempel JD. Persistent pro-inflammatory cytokines following the initiation of pegylated IFN therapy in hepatitis C infection is associated with treatment-induced depression. J Viral Hepat 2011; 18:e284-91. [PMID: 21143344 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2010.01408.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Pegylated interferon (IFN), the basis for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment, causes depression in 30-40% of patients. The potential for cytokine mRNA patterns from baseline into early treatment to associate with the onset of treatment-induced depression (TID) was examined. Depression was measured by the Beck Depression Inventory at baseline and weeks 2, 4, 8 and 12 of treatment (n = 38). At baseline and weeks 2 and 4, peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PMBC, n = 28), isolated ex vivo, were examined for tumour neurosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-10 mRNA expression. In patients that developed treatment-induced depression, pro-inflammatory TNF-alpha mRNA levels from baseline into week 4 of therapy remained constant (1.1-fold increase); whereas IL-1beta transcripts decreased 3.5 fold. However, corresponding TNF-alpha (3-fold, P < 0.05) and IL-1beta (7.5-fold) transcript expression diminished to a greater extent in the absence of TID. Changes in TNF-alpha mRNA values correlated to the average change in BDI scores over the 12 weeks (r = 0.56, P < 0.05). Concomitantly, anti-inflammatory IL-10 transcript levels decreased in (TID), relative to increased expression in the absence of TID (P < 0.05). The potential influence of IL-10 was observed upon calculation of individual pro- verses anti-inflammatory mRNA ratios. Stable in the presence of depression, TNF-alpha/IL-10 and IL-1beta/IL-10 mRNA ratios declined significantly over time in its absence (P < 0.05). This study suggests that in chronic HCV infection, upon pegylated IFN administration persistent pro-inflammatory cytokine MRNA expression associates with TID. In contrast, therapeutic activation of mechanisms that decrease pro-inflammatory immunity may protect against depression during therapy.
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Mitera G, Swaminath A, Wong S, Goh P, Robson S, Sinclair E, Danjoux C, Chow E. Radiotherapy for oncologic emergencies on weekends: examining reasons for treatment and patterns of practice at a Canadian cancer centre. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 16:55-60. [PMID: 19672425 PMCID: PMC2722059 DOI: 10.3747/co.v16i4.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Radiotherapy for oncologic emergencies is an important aspect of the management of cancer patients. These emergencies—which include malignant spinal cord compression, brain metastases, superior vena cava obstruction, and uncontrolled tumour hemorrhage —may require treatment outside of hospital hours, particularly on weekends and hospital holidays. To date, there remains no consensus among radiation oncologists regarding the indications and appropriateness of radiotherapy treatment on weekends, and treatment decisions remain largely subjective. The main aim of the present study was to document the incidence and indications for patients receiving emergency treatment on weekends or scheduled hospital holidays at a single institution. The secondary aim was to investigate the compliance of such treatment with the institution’s quality assurance policies, both local and provincial. Methods From September 1, 2002, to September 30, 2004, patients being treated over weekends (defined as commencing at 6 pm on a Friday and concluding at 8 am of the next scheduled workday) and hospital holidays were retrospectively identified using the Oncology Patient Information System scheduling module. Relevant patient data—including patient age, sex, primary cancer site, specific radiation field, rationale for treatment, referring hospital, total treatment dose, radiation dose fractionation, inpatient or outpatient status, and duration of treatment—were collected and subsequently analyzed. Comparison to local policy was performed subjectively. Results Over the 2-year period, 161 patients were prescribed urgent radiotherapy over a weekend or on a hospital holiday. Of this cohort, 68% were treated on both Saturday and Sunday, 22% on Saturday alone, and 10% on Sunday alone. Most patients presented with lung (31%), prostate (18%), and breast cancer (17%). The top reasons for referral for emergency weekend treatment included spinal cord compression (56%), brain metastases (15%), and superior vena cava obstruction (6%). Most of the indications for treatment generally followed the quality assurance policies implemented both locally and provincially. Conclusions Patients treated over a weekend or on a hospital holiday were generally found to be treated with appropriate intent. Most treatment indications within this study both complied with provincial policy and showed a pattern of care similar to that seen in other studies in the literature. Local policy appears to be robust; however, policy improvements may allow for more cohesiveness across radiation oncologists in patterns of care in this important group of patients. Comparisons with practice at other institutions would be valuable and also a key step in developing sound guidelines for all members of the radiotherapy community to follow.
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Bussolati B, Moggio A, Collino F, Grange C, Camussi G, Cantaluppi V, Gatti S, Medica D, Figliolini F, Bruno S, Deregibus MC, Sordi A, Biancone L, Tetta C, Segoloni GP, Camussi G, Castellano G, Curci C, Stasi A, Cariello M, Loverre A, Simone S, Tataranni T, Ditonno P, Lucarelli G, Battaglia M, Crovace A, Staffieri F, Gesualdo L, Schena FP, Grandaliano G, Kim S, Heo NJ, Lee JW, Oh YK, Na KY, Joo KW, Earm JH, Han JS, Loureiro J, Aguilera A, Selgas R, Sandoval P, Albar-Vizcaino P, Perez-Lozano ML, Ruiz-Carpio V, Borras-Cuesta F, Dotor J, Lopez-Cabrera M, Henley C, Davis J, Lee P, Wong S, Salyers K, Wagner M, Jung J, Nguyen H, van der Valk M, Jackson J, Serafino R, Jin L, Willcockson M, Ward S, Turk J, Lu JYL, Fu A, Richards W, Reagan JD, Medina J, Li AR, Liu J. Experimental models. Clin Kidney J 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/ndtplus/4.s2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Winkelmayer W, Liu J, Brookhart A, Wang HY, Kan WC, Chien CC, Fang TC, Lin HF, Li YH, Wang CH, Chou CL, Yazawa M, Shibagaki Y, Kimura K, Ohira S, Ryo K, Hasegawa T, Hanafusa N, Tsubakihara Y, Iseki K, Chen HY, Cheng IC, Pan YJ, Chiu YL, Hsu SP, Pai MF, Yang JY, Peng YS, Tsai TJ, Wu KD, Dzekova-Vidimliski P, Severova-Andreevska G, Pavlevska S, Trajceska L, Selim G, Gelev S, Sikole A, Hecking M, Karaboyas A, Saran R, Sen A, Inaba M, Horl WH, Pisoni R, Robinson B, Sunder-Plassmann G, Port FK, Chiroli S, Perrault L, Mitchell D, Mattin C, Krause R, Roth HJ, Schober-Halstenberg HJ, Edenharter G, Frei U, Wilson R, Adena M, Hodgkins P, Keith M, Smyth M, Couchoud C, Galland R, Man NK, Chanliau J, Lemaitre V, Traeger J, von Gersdorff G, Vega O, Schaller M, Usvyat L, Levin N, Barth C, Kotanko P, Vega O, Usvyat L, Rosales L, Thijssen S, Levin N, Kotanko P, Schmid H, Schiffl H, Romanos A, Lederer S, Chu KH, Lam B, Tang C, Wong S, Cheuk A, Yim KF, Tang HL, Lee W, Fung KS, Chan H, Ng TK, Tong KL, Doyle M, Severn A, Traynor J, Metcalfe W, Boyd J, Cairns S, Reilly J, Henderson A, Simpson K, Tovbin D, Douvdevani A, Novack V, Abd Elkadir A, Zlotnik M, Djuric Z, Dimkovic N, Popovic J, Furumatsu Y, Yamazaki S, Hayashino Y, Takegami M, Yamamoto Y, Kakudate N, Wakita T, Akizawa T, Akiba T, Saito A, Kurokawa K, Fukuhara S, Voronovitsky G, Pinelli L, Paganti L, Silva J, Garofalo R, Reiss E, Gimenez Torrado J, Lafroscia P, Lugo M, Laplante S, Vanovertveld P, Nordio M, Limido A, Maggiore U, Nichelatti M, Postorino M, Quintaliani G, Ebah L, Kanigicherla D, Nikam M, Dutton G, Mitra S, Attipoe L, Baharani J, Pinelli L, Voronovitsky G, Magrini G, Martorell A, Lugo M, Mashima Y, Konta T, Kudo K, Suzuki K, Ikeda A, Takasaki S, Kubota I, Chudek J, Wieczorowska-Tobis K, Wiecek A, Members of the "PolSenior" Study Group, des Grottes JM, Collart F, Lemaitre V, Maheut H, Couchoud C, Goodkin DA, Bieber B, Robinson BM, Jadoul M, Djogan M, Dudar I, Sergeyeva T, Hanafusa N, Yamagata K, Nishi H, Nishi S, Iseki K, Tsubakihara Y, Hommel K, Madsen M, Blicher TM, Kamper AL, Masakane I, Ito S, Seino M, Ito M, Nagasawa J, Rayner HC, Fuller DS, Gillespie BW, Hasegawa T, Morgenstern H, Robinson BM, Saran R, Tentori F, Pisoni RL, Chien CC, Wang JJ, Hwang JC, Wang HY, Kan WC, Trajceska L, Mladenovska D, Severova G, Amitov V, Selim G, Gelev S, Dzekova-Vidimliski P, Sikole A, Yadav P, Baharani J, Attipoe L, Baharani J, Carrero JJ, Jager DJ, Verduijn M, Ravani P, De Meester J, Heaf JG, Finne P, Hoitsma AJ, Pascual J, Jarraya F, Reisaeter AV, Collart F, Dekker FW, Jager KJ, Trajceska L, Mladenovska D, Severova G, Gelev S, Selim G, Amitov V, Sikole A, Sammut H, Ahmed MSA, Sheppard J, Attwood N, Cserep G, Sinnamon K, Pinelli L, Voronovitsky G, Lugo M, Reiss E, Katsipi I, Tatsiopoulos A, Doulgerakis C, Papanikolaou P, Kardouli E, Lamprinoudis G, Kintzoglanakis K, Gennadiou M, Kyriazis J, Granger Vallee A, Covic E, Morena M, Fournier A, Canaud B, Bolignano D, Rastelli S, Curatola G, Caridi G, Tripepi R, Tripepi G, Politi R, Catalano F, Delfino D, Ciccarelli M, Mallamaci F, Zoccali C. Epidemiology & outcome in CKD 5D (1). Clin Kidney J 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/ndtplus/4.s2.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Cukier M, Soliman H, Smith A, Wong S. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and multivisceral resection for primary locally advanced adherent colon cancer. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.3544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Yasher KR, Liller K, Wong S, Jang S, Morris BJ, Konin JG. An analysis of volleyball injuries in female athletes in grades nine through twelve. Br J Sports Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2011.084558.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Yasher KR, Liller K, Wong S, Jang S, Morris BJ, Konin JG. Developing an injury tracking software system specific for volleyball: a case example. Br J Sports Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2011.084558.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Wong S, Leung E, Tin V, Wong M. Abstract LB-113: Non-small cell lung cancer cells with high ALDH1 activity display cancer stem cell properties and show chemoresistance. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-lb-113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction Cancer stem cells (CSC) are believed to possess tissue stem cell-like properties such as self-renewal and toxicity resistance. These characteristics would facilitate tumor propagation and development of chemoresistance. The biology and regulation of CSC have mostly been studied in acute leukemia and certain solid tumors such as breast cancer. Relatively little data are available regarding CSC in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) due to the lack of a specific CSC marker. This study aims to analyze the applicability of candidate CSC markers by utilizing chemotherapy treatment to enhance CSC proliferation in NSCLC cells. Methodology The expression or activity of 4 putative stem cell markers, CD24, CD44, CD133 and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH1) were measured by flow cytometry in the NSCLC cell lines H1650, HCC827 and H358 before and after chemotherapy treatment for 24 hours. Tumor cells with enhanced marker expression after treatment were regarded as potential CSC, and were selected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Functional analysis was used to test for CSC properties in the marker+ and marker-subpopulations of untreated cells. The expression of genes involved in tissue stem cell functions were also compared by quantitative RT-PCR. Results Flow cytometry analysis showed amongst the 4 markers, only ALDH1+ subpopulation was significantly enhanced by chemotherapeutic treatment, suggesting ALDH1 could be a CSC marker. Untreated ALDH1+ cells formed significantly higher numbers and larger cell spheres in non-adherent culture medium than ALDH1− cells. Likewise, ALDH1+ cells formed significantly more and larger colonies in colony formation assay. Furthermore, MTT assay demonstrated higher resistance to cisplatin and etoposide treatments in ALDH1+ than ALDH1− cells. In addition, ALDH1+ cells showed more prominent tumorigenicity than ALDH1− cells in vivo; as few as 500 ALDH1+ cells formed xenograft tumor in SCID mice which were serially transplantable to 2nd and 3rd recipients, while no tumor was formed from ALDH− cells. Finally, expression analysis of sorted cells revealed higher expression of the pluripotency genes, OCT4, NANOG, BMI1 and SOX9, in ALDH1+ cells. Conclusion NSCLC cells expressing ALDH1 displayed higher capacity for cell renewal, tumorigenecity and drug resistance, as well as showed higher expression of pluripotency genes, suggesting that ALDH1 could be a useful CSC marker in NSCLC. Pathways mediated by the differentially expressed genes studied could be involved in CSC maintenance and/or chemoresistance in NSCLC.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-113. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-113
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Lee HC, Cherk SW, Chan SK, Wong S, Tong TW, Ho WS, Chan AY, Lee KC, Mak CM. BAG3-related myofibrillar myopathy in a Chinese family. Clin Genet 2011; 81:394-8. [PMID: 21361913 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01659.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to the usual slow disease progression in myofibrillar myopathies, patients with Bag3opathy often have a rapidly progressive and more severe phenotype with a worse prognosis. We describe a Chinese patient, born to non-consanguineous parents, who first presented at age 6 with clumsy walking and difficult climbing staircase. With a history of restrictive lung disease previously diagnosed as asthma, she progressed rapidly with proximal myopathy, rigid spine and bilateral tightening of the Achilles tendons requiring surgical elongation. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with restrictive physiology was shown by echocardiogram. Moreover, prolonged QT interval was also noted in the patient. Family history was unremarkable yet her father was incidentally found to have prolonged QT interval. Mutation analysis with genomic DNA of the proband showed heterozygous de novo known mutation c.626C>T (p.Pro209Leu) and a germline variation c.772C>T (p.Arg258Trp) in BAG3. Her father was found to be a carrier of c.772C>T. Muscle biopsy findings were suggestive of myofibrillar myopathy on light microscopy and ultrastructural studies. To our knowledge, this is the first Chinese case of Bag3opathy so far reported.
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Minuk GY, Hawkins K, Kaita KDE, Wong S, Renner E, Minuk L, Uhanova J. Daily ciprofloxacin treatment for patients with advanced liver disease awaiting liver transplantation reduces hospitalizations. Dig Dis Sci 2011; 56:1235-41. [PMID: 21057977 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-010-1456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Accepted: 10/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive deterioration in liver function is a common cause of hepatic decompensation and indication for liver transplantation in patients with advanced liver disease. Previous studies in animal models of acute and chronic liver disease revealed that daily ciprofloxacin improves biochemical parameters of hepatic function. AIMS The primary objective of this study was to determine whether hepatic function improves in patients with advanced liver disease after 1 month of daily ciprofloxacin therapy. A secondary objective was to determine whether ciprofloxacin treatment for 1 or 3 months results in fewer hospitalizations for decompensated liver disease. METHODS Forty-four patients with advanced liver disease awaiting liver transplantation received oral ciprofloxacin (250 or 500 mg twice daily) or placebo for 1 (n=22/group) or 3 (n=10 ciprofloxacin, 14 placebo) months. RESULTS Compared to placebo recipients, ciprofloxacin-treated patients had mild improvements in serum albumin levels (+1.5 versus -3.4%, p=0.026) while bilirubin and international normalized ratios (INR) of prothrombin times remained unchanged. Overall, fewer hospitalizations occurred in ciprofloxacin-treated patients (1/22, 5% versus 7/22, 32%, respectively, p=0.02) during the study period. Treatment was well tolerated and no resistant infections occurred in either cohort. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that daily ciprofloxacin may result in fewer hospitalizations for patients with advanced liver diseases awaiting liver transplantation but not by enhancing hepatic function.
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Wong S, Ordean A, Kahan M, Gagnon R, Hudon L, Basso M, Bos H, Crane J, Davies G, Delisle MF, Farine D, Menticoglou S, Mundle W, Murphy-Kaulbeck L, Ouellet A, Pressey T, Roggensack A, Sanderson F, Ehman W, Biringer A, Gagnon A, Graves L, Hey J, Konkin J, Léger F, Marshall C, Robertson D, Bell D, Carson G, Gilmour D, Hughes O, Le Jour C, Leduc D, Leyland N, Martyn P, Masse A, Abrahams R, Avdic S, Berger H, Franklyn M, Harper S, Hunt G, Mousmanis P, Murphy K, Payne S, Midmer D, de la Ronde S. Consommation de substances psychoactives pendant la grossesse. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1701-2163(16)34856-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Chan WLS, Hui E, Chan C, Cheung D, Wong S, Wong R, Li S, Woo J. Evaluation of chronic disease self-management programme (CDSMP) for older adults in Hong Kong. J Nutr Health Aging 2011; 15:209-14. [PMID: 21369669 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-010-0257-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the locally-adapted CDSMP for older adults with chronic diseases in Hong Kong in the primary care setting. DESIGN A longitudinal, quasi-experimental study. SETTING Community-based and primary care setting. PARTICIPANTS Seven hundred and seventy-two participants aged 55 or above with at least one chronic disease and were living in the community. INTERVENTION The 6-weeks programme consisted of 6 group sessions, with each session lasting for 2.5 hours. Trained professional and elder lay leaders facilitated participants to gain essential self-management knowledge and skills for the effective management of chronic diseases. MEASUREMENTS At baseline and 6 months, four categories of outcome measures were documented, covering self-management behaviours, self-efficacy, health status, and health care utilization. RESULTS 302 and 298 participants in the intervention and control groups completed 6 months follow-up respectively. Participants in the intervention group reported significant improvements in all self-management behaviours and self-efficacy measures, and 5 health status measures (social role limitation, depressive symptoms, health distress, symptoms of pain and discomfort, and self-rated health) when compared with those in the control group. CONCLUSIONS The locally-adapted CDSMP may improve self-management behaviours, self-efficacy and health status among older adults with chronic diseases in Hong Kong. CDSMP may be integrated into primary care services for older adults.
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Wenham R, Schilder R, Pippitt C, Wong S, Ananda S, Scudder S, Melara R, Nanayakkara N, Adewoye H, Vergote I. AMG 386 combined with either pegylated liposomal doxorubicin or topotecan in patients with advanced ovarian cancer: Results from a phase Ib study. Gynecol Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2010.12.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wong S, Lee J, Ko Y, Chong MF, Lam CK, Tang WE. Perceptions of insulin therapy amongst Asian patients with diabetes in Singapore. Diabet Med 2011; 28:206-11. [PMID: 21219431 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2010.03195.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of insulin refusal amongst Singaporean patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, to compare perceptions regarding insulin therapy use between patients who were willing to use insulin and those who were not and to identify demographic factors that might predict insulin refusal. METHODS A cross-sectional interviewer-administered survey incorporating demographic variables and 17 perceptions regarding insulin use (14 negative and three positive) was conducted among a sample of 265 patients attending a public primary healthcare centre. RESULTS Seven of every 10 patients expressed unwillingness to use insulin therapy (70.6%). The greatest differences in perceptions between patients willing to use insulin therapy and those who were not included fear of not being able to inject insulin correctly (47.4 vs. 70.6%), fear of pain (44.9 vs. 65.8%), belief that insulin therapy would make it difficult to fulfil responsibilities at work and home (46.2 vs. 66.8%) and belief that insulin therapy improved diabetes control (82.1 vs. 58.3%). A tertiary level of education was associated with willingness to use insulin (odds ratio 3.3, confidence interval 1.8-6.1), and significant differences in perceptions were present in patients with different educational levels. CONCLUSIONS Insulin refusal is an important problem amongst our patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Findings of this study suggest that interventions aimed at increasing insulin therapy use should focus on injection-related concerns, perceived lifestyle adaptations and correction of misconceptions. Different interventions may also be required for patients of different educational groups.
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Chan B, Chen SPL, Wong WC, Mak CM, Wong S, Chan KY, Chan AYW. RYR1-related central core myopathy in a Chinese adolescent boy. Hong Kong Med J 2011; 17:67-70. [PMID: 21282829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Central core myopathy is a rare, inherited neuromuscular disorder with a wide spectrum of phenotypic presentations. It is also considered an allelic disease of malignant hyperthermia. We report a case of central core myopathy in a Chinese adolescent boy presenting with atypical clinical features and a moderately elevated serum creatine kinase level. The diagnosis was made from the histopathological findings of central cores on muscle biopsy, and confirmed by the molecular genetic testing for the RYR1 gene mutation. This is the first case of central core myopathy confirmed by molecular study in our locality.
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Wong S, Javorsky G, Brown M, McKenzie S, Yerkovich S. Nutritional Status of Heart Failure Patients. Heart Lung Circ 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2011.05.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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239
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Wong S, Graham A, Grimble G, Forbes A. PP177-MON PREVALENCE OF MALNUTRITION IN PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH SPINAL CORD INJURY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1744-1161(11)70467-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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240
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Dinh NV, Freeman H, Granger J, Wong S, Johanson M. Calf stretching in non-weight bearing versus weight bearing. Int J Sports Med 2010; 32:205-10. [PMID: 21181639 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1268505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Limited ankle dorsiflexion passive range of motion (DF PROM) has been associated with lower extremity overuse injuries. Therefore, clinicians often prescribe stretching exercises to increase ankle DF PROM. However, there is limited evidence to indicate if any particular gastrocnemius stretching exercise results in greater improvement in DF PROM. The aim of this study was to determine if gastrocnemius stretching in non-weight bearing (NWB) or weight bearing (WB) results in a greater increase of ankle DF PROM. 28 healthy volunteers, aged 18-55 years, who exhibited less than 10 degrees of ankle DF PROM completed the study. Participants were randomized into 2 stretching groups: NWB and WB. Both groups completed a 3-week home gastrocnemius stretching program, consisting of 5 repetitions held for 30 s each, 2 times daily. Participants' ankle DF PROM was measured with a blinded standard goniometer in NWB and WB positions before and after participation in a 3-week home gastrocnemius stretching program. Two 3-way mixed model ANOVAs demonstrated no significant difference in ankle DF PROM between the NWB and WB groups for either the NWB measurement condition (p=0.49) or WB measurement condition (p=0.86). Gastrocnemius stretching exercises performed in NWB or WB were equally effective in increasing ankle DF PROM.
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Drews SJ, Pabbaraju K, Wong S, Tokaryk KL, May-Hadford J, Lee B, Tellier R, Louie M. Surveillance of autopsy cases for D222G substitutions in haemagglutinin of the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus in Alberta, Canada. Clin Microbiol Infect 2010; 17:582-4. [PMID: 20718801 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03341.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus-positive specimens were collected from autopsy patients and matched to pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus-positive nasopharyngeal specimens from community control patients and pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus-positive specimens from intensive-care unit (ICU) patients. Specimens were analysed for polymorphisms at amino acid 222 of the haemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein. Whereas some specimens from autopsy patients were positive for D222N, none was positive for D222G. All control patient specimens were wild-type D222. D222G polymorphisms were also identified in a subset of ICU patients with admixtures of D222G and D222 and of D222N, D222G and D222 present. The relevance of D222N and D222G to influenza pathogenesis and transmissibility currently remains unclear.
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Wong S, Selvan A, White RP. POG10 Fragile X premutation causing propriospinal myoclonus: response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2010.226340.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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243
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Ward NJ, Bush RT, Burton ED, Appleyard S, Wong S, Sullivan LA, Cheeseman PJ. Monosulfidic black ooze accumulations in sediments of the Geographe Bay area, Western Australia. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2010; 60:2130-2136. [PMID: 20727554 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Revised: 07/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Mobilisation of sedimentary monosulfidic black ooze (MBO) may result in rapid deoxygenation and acidification of surface waters, and release of potentially toxic metals. This study examines the extent and nature of MBO accumulation in the Geographe Bay area, Western Australia. MBO accumulations were found to be widespread in benthic sediments of the Geographe Bay area with acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) contents as high as 320 μmol g(-1). The MBO materials often had unusually high dissolved sulfide (S(-II)) concentrations in their pore-waters (up to 610 mg L(-1)) and elevated elemental sulfur (S(0)) contents (up to 51 μmol g(-1)). Dissolved S(-II) is able to accumulate due to limited iron availability and S(0) is largely its partial oxidation product. The availability of organic carbon and Fe limited MBO accumulation at many sites. A comparison of AVS and simultaneously extracted metal (SEM) concentrations has shown that metals are likely to be bound in sulfide complexes.
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Wong S, Rizvi H, Cerio R, O’Toole EA. An unusual case of vulval papulonecrotic tuberculid. Clin Exp Dermatol 2010; 36:277-80. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2010.03925.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Liller KD, Morris B, Konin J, Jang S, Wong S, Thorson S. Analysis of Florida high school athlete's sports injury data for 2008-2009. Inj Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.029215.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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246
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Wong S, Nguyen H, Green V, Byun TE, Grahn EP, Lindgren T. Erlotinib-induced papulopustular rash: Need for new management approach? J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e13647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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247
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Loock CA, Lynam MJ, Scott L, Wong S, Yu G, Munroe V, Palmer B. Social Pediatrics ’: A Pilot Study on Health Services Delivery for Vulnerable Inner City Children & Families. Paediatr Child Health 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/15.suppl_a.45a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Jin G, Zhou X, Lewis M, Rosen J, Wong S. Signal-Transduction Based Network Biomarkers for Tumor-Initiating Cells in a p53-Null Mouse Model of Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-2138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Tumor initiating cells (TICs), or cancer stem cells, have the capacity to self-renew, and are likely to be responsible for resistance to conventional therapies, disease recurrence, and metastasis. Known TIC biomarkers may allow us to understand which genes are critical to self-renewal of TICs. However, little is known about how these biomarkers manipulate other molecules to enable TICs to self-renew. Here, we develop a systems biology approach to identify the signal-transduction network biomarkers for understanding the mechanisms in the renewal of TICs.Methods: Comparing with conventional biomarker discovery, the network biomarkers are identified by not only differential genes but also protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and available signaling pathways. Depending on the interacting patterns in PPI network and their associated cellular processes in signaling pathways, we can reveal the key signal transductions or subnetworks responsible for self-renewal of TICs. We chose two types of enriched interacting patterns, i.e. triangle and spoon, to indicate the signal transductions around the single biomarkers. A published RNA microarray (GSE8863) was performed on mammary epithelial cells from p53-null tumors sorted by two stem cell markers CD29 and CD24. The differential genes were identified by the Fold-Changes (FCs) comparing the subpopulations of Lin —CD29HCD24H with other subpopulations. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed that the identified differential genes are significantly enriched in 20 regulatory pathways including 'Cell cycle', 'Adherens junction', 'Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)', 'Tight junction' (P<10-3). A model called Multiple Objective Optimization (MOO) was employed to search the network biomarkers whose component proteins satisfy that (1) be most differentially expressed in Lin —CD29HCD24H cells and (2) pass through a large number of enriched signaling pathways.Results: Four genes (Lsm5, Calm3, Bmi1 and Ezh2) are extremely up-regulated in the Lin —CD29HCD24H subpopulations (FC>4), in which Bmi1 is important in regulating the self-renewal capacity of hematopoietic, as well as human mammary gland stem cells. To understand how these genes manipulate other genes and the enriched signaling pathways, we first analyzed the interacting patterns around these genes. Calm3 and Bmi1 are surrounded by 355 and 22 interacting patterns respectively. The component coding-genes in the interacting patterns are more likely to be differentially expressed (91/127, P <10-61). Then, the protein-paths were identified from the interacting patterns of Calm3 and Bmi1 by MOO. IPA (Ingenuity Pathway Analysis) indicated that these protein paths have many particular cellular functions related to self-renewal, such as 'Cell Growth and Proliferation', 'Hematological System Development and Function', 'Cell-To-Cell Signaling and Interaction', and 'Cell Death' (P <10-3).Conclusion: The network biomarkers revealed that the surrounding interaction patterns and related signaling pathways of single biomarkers are essential to understand the signal-transduction mechanisms of TICs in self-renewal. They may be useful as prognostic or predictive indicators as well as suggest possible targets for novel therapies.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2138.
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Wong S, Xia X, Yang J. Study of the Effect of Micro-Environment Stresses on Breast Tumor Initiating Cells by In Vitro Cell Tracking. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-1163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Increasing clinical as well as experimental evidence supports the existence of a small population of tumor initiating cells (TIC) that possesses enhanced self-renewal capacity, and the ability to form tumors upon transplantation. These TIC, which highly resemble normal stem cells, are believed to be responsible for tumor initiation and propagation. Evidence also suggests that TIC reside in unique micro-environment which may account for their resistance to traditional chemo- and radiotherapy. Understanding the effect of micro-environment on TIC will have dramatic implications for breast cancer prevention, treatment, and drug development.It is known that tumor micro-environment is characterized by various degrees of chemical imbalance, including oxygen depletion (hypoxia), lactic acidosis, glucose deprivation and high oxidative stresses caused by elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) [1]. These physiological stresses have significant clinical impact and are often related to poor patient prognosis [2]. Interestingly, recent studies revealed that there are molecular connections between physiological stress regulated transcription factors and pathways known to control stem cell function [3], suggesting that the micro-environment stresses may either promote TIC cell transformation or proliferation [4]. However, despite these molecular level findings, direct evidence on the effect of physiological stresses on the proliferation and differentiation of TIC is still missing.We use in vitro live cell tracking to study the influence of micro-environment on TIC. Primary cultured cells are prepared from breast cancer surgery specimen. They are cultured in suspension in serum free medium as mammospheres which have been demonstrated to be highly enriched with TIC [5]. Various physiological stresses are mimicked by growing cells in tissue culture incubators with 2% O2 (hypoxia), acidic medium (pH 6.7) with 25mM lactic acid, glucose deprivation condition by using glucose free DMEM medium, high ROS condition with 100uM H2O2. Cells are also infected with lentivirus to express H2B-GFP to label the cell nuclei so that they can be tracked by fluorescence imaging. Experiments are carried out in a full environmental controlled (CO2, O2, temperature, humidity) chamber and monitored by confocal imaging over prolonged time up to 96 hours. Since mammosphere cells grow in 3D instead of monolayer, they were scanned by confocal to reconstruct the 3D structure. We also developed computer programs for 3D segmentation to separate each cell, so that each cell within the mammosphere can be labeled and monitored individually. Such system allows us to draw a lineage tree for all the cells in the final mammosphere and detect the active dividing cells (which represent the differentiated cells) and the cells which reenter the quiescent status (which represent the progenitor cells), and hence allow us to study the effect of various micro-environment stresses on them.1. Vaupel, P., Semin Radiat Oncol, 2004. 14(3): p. 198-206.2. Schwickert, G., et al., Cancer Res, 1995. 55(21): p. 4757-9.3. Keith, B. and M.C. Simon, Cell, 2007. 129(3): p. 465-72.4. Li, Z., et al., Cancer Cell, 2009. 15(6): p. 501-13.5. Ponti, D., et al., Cancer Res, 2005. 65(13): p. 5506-11.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1163.
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Zhao H, Cui K, Nie F, Jin G, Li F, Wu L, Wang L, Brandl M, Yilidirim N, Zhang S, Sun A, Wong S. Effects of Rapamycin on Breast Cancer Cell Migration through the Cross-Talk of MAPK Pathway. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-5080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Phase I/II clinical studies with rapamycin analogs in breast and other cancers have demonstrated favorable responses. However, little is known on the effects of the mTOR inhibitor on breast cancer cell metastasis, which is a major cause of morbidity and death. We developed a highly sensitive 3-dimensional (3D) proliferation/invasion assay using quantitative bioluminescence (BL) imaging and applied this assay to evaluate the effects of rapamycin on the triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB231. Without cytotoxicity of rapamycin on this cell line, rapamycin at 10nM inhibited the cell migration/invasion, but not at 1nM and 100nM, which was confirmed by the time-lapse single cell tracking analysis. The quantification of cytoskeleton changes showed most potent effects of 10nM rapamycin on the MDA-MB231 cells, with the formation and rearrangement of specialized cell membrane structures and actin fiber implicated in cell motility. Then, the Panorama Cell Signaling Antibody Microarray, enabling the global comparative analysis of cell signal proteins simultaneously, was exploited to analyze the effects of rapamycin on the cellular signaling network of the MDA-MB231 breast cancer cell line. 100nM rapamycin activated the MAPK pathway obviously, through the attenuated negative feedback of activated S6K1 to PI3K-Raf, which increased the expressions of activated Jun N-terminus kinase (JNK), Erk1/2, MEK-1, Raf-pS621, and MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MAPKAPK2) in the cells exposed to 100nM rapamycin. MEK inhibitor U0126 or PD98059 could restore the anti-migration effects of 100nM rapamycin on the MDA-MB231 cells. Furthermore, the combination of MEK inhibitors and rapamycin performed synergism on inhibiting the cell proliferation and migration/invasion. Accordingly, rapamycin at a certain dose suppresses MDA-MB231 cell migration/invasion, and the co-targeting of mTOR and MAPK pathways enhances the inhibition on cell proliferation and migration/invasion, underscoring the potential therapeutic utility of rapamycin, and rapamycin combining with MAPK inhibitors in triple negative breast cancer progression, and the results highlight the cross-talk homeostasis of mTOR and MAPK pathways in cancer treatment.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 5080.
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