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Sung J, Han KH, Zo JH, Park HJ, Kim CH, Oh BH. Effects of red ginseng upon vascular endothelial function in patients with essential hypertension. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2001; 28:205-16. [PMID: 10999439 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x00000258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study is to estimate the effect of Korean red ginseng on vascular endothelial cell dysfunction in patients with hypertension. Seventeen patients with hypertension who were divided into ginseng-treated (7) and non-treated (10) groups and 10 normotensive subjects were included. To assess the function of the vascular endothelial cell, changes of forearm blood flow to infusion of acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside and bradykinin in incremental doses were measured by venous occlusion plethysmography. In the ginseng-treated hypertensive group, forearm blood flows at the highest dose of acetylcholine and bradykinin were significantly higher than those of the non-treated hypertensive group and were not different from those of the control group. In the case of sodium nitroprusside infusion, no significant differences were observed between the control, non-treated and treated groups. In conclusion, Korean red ginseng can improve the vascular endothelial dysfunction in patients with hypertension possibly through increasing synthesis of nitric oxide.
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Choi SW, Chung JP, Song YK, Park YN, Chu JK, Kim DJ, Jung JH, Lee CH, Lee SJ, Park HJ, Lee KS, Lee SI, Park IS, Sohn SK. Lower gastrointestinal bleeding due to cytomegalovirus ileal ulcers in an immunocompetent man. Yonsei Med J 2001; 42:147-51. [PMID: 11293496 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2001.42.1.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are commonly reported in severely immunocompromised hosts and ulcers of the alimentary tract are frequently observed in systemic CMV infections. However, invasive and ulcerative disease of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract caused by CMV has also been reported in healthy adults. Many reports show that a CMV infection can produce localized ulcerations in the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and colon in nonimmunocompromised individuals. The most common site of involvement by CMV infection in the GI tract is the colon followed by the upper GI tract and the least common site is the small intestine. Although GI bleeding is one of the major presenting symptoms of patients with CMV infections of the GI tract, lower GI bleeding due to CMV ileal ulcers in immunocompetent patients, to our knowledge, has not been reported in the English literature. Recently, we experienced a case of lower GI bleeding due to CMV ileal ulcers in a 57-year-old man who had no evidence of immunocompromise. This case suggests that small intestinal ulcers due to CMV infection should be included in the differential diagnosis of lower GI bleeding even in immunocompetent hosts.
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Park HJ, Uhm KB, Hong C. Reduction in intraocular pressure after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 2001; 27:303-9. [PMID: 11226799 DOI: 10.1016/s0886-3350(00)00782-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether intraocular pressure (IOP) measured on the nasal side is affected after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). SETTING The Glaucoma Service, Dr. Hong's Eye Clinic, Seoul, Korea. METHODS In 83 patients, IOP was prospectively measured with the Goldmann tonometer at the central (Tcenter) and nasal (Tnasal) areas of the cornea before and after LASIK. The Tcenter and Tnasal IOP between baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively was compared. The correlation between ablation depth, amount of treatment, refractive change, and change in central corneal thickness and Tcenter change was evaluated. RESULTS Six months after LASIK, Tcenter IOP decreased 3.9 mm Hg (25.2%) and Tnasal IOP decreased 2.0 mm Hg (12.7%) (P < .001, P = .02, respectively). The Tnasal measurement was 1.8 mm Hg higher than the Tcenter measurement (P < .001). Significant correlation between each corneal parameter and the Tcenter reduction at 1 month did not continue to 6 months (P > .05). CONCLUSION At each follow-up, Tnasal IOP was statistically lower than at baseline, although the reduction was not as great as that of Tcenter IOP. A 2 to 3 mm Hg drop in Tnasal up to 6 months after LASIK should be expected. An alternative would be to measure IOP with the Tono-Pen on the nasal side to fit the tip to the relatively unchanged nasal side of the cornea.
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Oh CW, Park BC, Ihn JC, Park HJ. Primary unreamed intramedullary nailing for open fractures of the tibia. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2001; 24:338-41. [PMID: 11294426 PMCID: PMC3619918 DOI: 10.1007/s002640000174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Forty-six open tibial fractures (42 patients) were treated by primary unreamed intramedullary nailing, with debridement of open wounds and treatment of soft tissue. According to Gustilo-Anderson classification there were 18 grade I cases, 18 grade II cases and 10 grade III cases. The incidence of infection was low with two cases of superficial infection and one of deep infection. The mean time for union was 21.9 weeks and the rate of nonunion was 10.8%. There was no significant difference in the mean time to union, infection rate and rate of nonunion with different site and grade of fracture, but there was a longer union time and a higher rate of nonunion in complex and comminuted fractures. Unreamed intramedullary nailing, with appropriate soft tissue treatment, gives good results in the treatment of open tibial fractures including grade III.
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Lee KS, Lee SJ, Park HJ, Chung JP, Han KH, Chon CY, Lee SI, Moon YM. Oxidative stress effect on the activation of hepatic stellate cells. Yonsei Med J 2001; 42:1-8. [PMID: 11293487 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2001.42.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen is the most excessive extracellular matrix protein in hepatic fibrosis. Activated, but not quiescent, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) have a high level of collagen and a smooth muscle actin (alpha SMA) expression. HSCs play a key role in the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis. We analyzed a mechanism leading to HSC activation by evaluating the role of oxidative stress and the expression of NFkB. In vitro study HSCs were proliferated (PCNA:2% vs 68%) and activated (alpha SMA: 5% vs 78%) by ascorbate/FeSO4, and HSCs activated by type I collagen were blocked (PCNA: 97% vs 4%, a SMA: 86% vs 9%) by a-tocopherol. In vivo study means of a SMA positive cells in liver at 400 x HPF were 48.3+/-5.2 and 15.2+/-1.8 and [3H]thymidine uptake of HSC was 529.2+/-284.8 cpm and 223.0+/-86.3 cpm in control and a-tocopherol treated group respectively at 32 hours after CCl4 injection. Nuclear extracts from activated, but not from quiescent, HSCs formed a complex with the NFkB cognate oligonucleotidesand alpha-tocopherol inhibited this bindings. This study indicates that oxidative stress plays an essential role through the induction of NFkB on HSC activation.
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Lee KT, Choi JH, Kim DH, Son KH, Kim WB, Kwon SH, Park HJ. Constituents and the antitumor principle of Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum. Arch Pharm Res 2001; 24:44-50. [PMID: 11235811 DOI: 10.1007/bf02976492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To search for cytotoxic components from Allium victorialis, MTT assays on each extract and an isolated component, gitogenin 3-O-lycotetroside, were performed against cancer cell lines. Cytotoxicities of most extract were shown to be comparatively weak, though IC50 values of CHCl3 fraction was found to be <31.3-368.4 microg/ml. From the incubated methanol extract at 36 degrees C, eleven kinds of organosulfuric flavours were predictable by GC-MS performance. The most abundant peak was revealed to be 2-vinyl-4H-1,3-dithiin (1) by its mass spectrum. Further, this extract showed significant cytotoxicities toward cancer cell lies. Silica gel column chromatography of the n-butanol fraction led to the isolation of gitogenin 3-O-lycotetroside (3) along with astragalin (4) and kaempferol 3, 4'-di-O-beta-D-glucoside (5). This steroidal saponin exhibited significant cytotoxic activities (IC50, 6.51-36.5 microg/ml) over several cancer cell lines. When compound 3 was incubated for 24 h with human intestinal bacteria, a major metabolite was produced and then isolated by silica gel column chromatography. By examining parent- and prominent ion peak in FAB-MS spectrum of the metabolite, the structure was speculated not to be any of prosapogenins of 3, suggesting that spiroketal ring were labile to the bacterial reaction. These suggest that disulfides produced secondarily are the antitumor principles.
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Choi KS, Jun HS, Kim HN, Park HJ, Eom YW, Noh HL, Kwon H, Kim HM, Yoon JW. Role of Hck in the pathogenesis of encephalomyocarditis virus-induced diabetes in mice. J Virol 2001; 75:1949-57. [PMID: 11160694 PMCID: PMC115141 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.75.4.1949-1957.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Soluble mediators such as interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) produced from activated macrophages play an important role in the destruction of pancreatic beta cells in mice infected with a low dose of the D variant of encephalomyocarditis (EMC-D) virus. The tyrosine kinase signaling pathway was shown to be involved in EMC-D virus-induced activation of macrophages. This investigation was initiated to determine whether the Src family of kinases plays a role in the activation of macrophages, subsequently resulting in the destruction of beta cells, in mice infected with a low dose of EMC-D virus. We examined the activation of p59/p56(Hck), p55(Fgr), and p56/p53(Lyn) in macrophages from DBA/2 mice infected with the virus. We found that p59/p56(Hck) showed a marked increase in both autophosphorylation and kinase activity at 48 h after infection, whereas p55(Fgr) and p56/p53(Lyn) did not. The p59/p56(Hck) activity was closely correlated with the tyrosine phosphorylation level of Vav. Treatment of EMC-D virus-infected mice with the Src kinase inhibitor, PP2, resulted in the inhibition of p59/p56(Hck) activity and almost complete inhibition of the production of TNF-alpha and iNOS in macrophages and the subsequent prevention of diabetes in mice. On the basis of these observations, we conclude that the Src kinase, p59/p56(Hck), plays an important role in the activation of macrophages and the subsequent production of TNF-alpha and nitric oxide, leading to the destruction of pancreatic beta cells, which results in the development of diabetes in mice infected with a low dose of EMC-D virus.
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Choi EK, Rhee YH, Park HJ, Ahn SD, Shin KH, Park KK. Effect of protein kinase C inhibitor (PKCI) on radiation sensitivity and c-fos transcription. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001; 49:397-405. [PMID: 11173133 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(00)01485-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The human genetic disorder ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) is a multisystem disease characterized by extreme radiosensitivity. Although ionizing radiation was known to induce c-fos transcription and cellular protein kinase C (PKC) induces the expression of this immediate response gene, little is known about how mutated AT (ATM) or PKC-mediated signal transduction pathway modulates the c-fos gene transcription and gene expression. Here we have studied the effect of PKC inhibitor (PKCI) on radiation sensitivity and c-fos transcription in normal and AT cells, and also studied whether PKCI effect on c-fos occurs in Ras-dependent pathway. METHODS AND MATERIALS Normal (LM217) and AT (AT5BIVA) cells were transfected with PKCI expression plasmid and integration and overexpression of PKCI was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction and northern blotting, respectively. Cells were irradiated at a dose of 5 Gy/min with 137Cs irradiator and harvested 48 h after irradiation and investigated apoptosis with TUNEL method. The c-fos transcription activity was studied by performing compute assisted tomography (CAT) assay of reporter gene after transfection of c-fos CAT plasmid into LM and AT cells. Overexpression of Ras protein in transfected cells was shown by western blotting. RESULTS Our results demonstrated for the first time a role of PKCI on the radiation sensitivity and c-fos transcription in LM and AT cells. PKCI increased radiation induced apoptosis in LM cells (5% to 20%) but reduced apoptosis slightly in AT cells. The basal c-fos transcription activity is 70 times lower in AT cells than in LM cells. This c-fos transcription activity was repressed by overexpression of PKCI in LM cells but not in AT cells. After induction of c-fos by Ras protein, overexpression of PKCI repressed c-fos transcription in LM cells but not in AT cells. CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of PKCI increased radiation sensitivity and repressed c-fos transcription in LM cells but not in AT cells, and this is related with Ras. These results suggest that the effect of PKCI on c-fos transcription activity is related with Ras dependent signal transduction pathways and these mechanisms are different between normal fibroblasts, LM and ATM mutated, AT cells. The data obtained by this study provided evidence for novel transcriptional difference between LM and AT cells and this may be a reason for increased radiation sensitivity of AT cells.
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Park HJ, Lim SH, Kang HA, Byun DG, Houh D. Temporary tattooing followed by Q-switched alexandrite laser for treatment of syringomas. Dermatol Surg 2001; 27:28-30. [PMID: 11231237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Syringomas usually develop in women as multiple skin-colored papules primarily seen on the periocular regions and cheeks. They can cause cosmetic problems and lead to poor self-esteem. Though several treatment modalities have been established, such as excision, electro/cryosurgery, chemical peeling, and CO2 laser surgery, none of them are satisfactory due to their limitations and side effects, for example, pain, prolonged healing time, postoperative erythema/pigmentary changes, and scarring. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to develop a new treatment method for syringoma and to minimize the side effects through selective destruction of the tumor. METHODS Six patients with multiple periorbital syringomas were enrolled in this study. The surface epithelium of the syringomas was vaporized by CO2 laser, and black ink was introduced in order to allow penetration to the dermis using iontophoresis. Subsequently the artificial tattoos were removed by Q-switched alexandrite laser. The results were evaluated clinically by both physicians and patients at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after treatment. RESULTS The majority of syringoma in the six patients disappeared by the first follow-up 1 week after treatment. There were no cases of prolonged erythema persisting beyond 2 weeks. Additional treatment was repeated in the same manner in order to remove the remaining syringomas in one patient. There were no recurrences during the 8-week follow-up period. CONCLUSION Our new treatment was safer, less painful, nonscarring, and there was a quicker recovery period and less of a burden to repeat treatment when necessary.
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Choi JS, Park HJ, Jung HA, Chung HY, Jung JH, Choi WC. A cyclohexanonyl bromophenol from the red alga Symphyocladia latiuscula. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2000; 63:1705-6. [PMID: 11141124 DOI: 10.1021/np0002278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
From an extract of the red alga Symphyocladia latiuscula, a bromophenol (1) was isolated and characterized as (2R)-2-(2,3, 6-tribromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl)-cyclohexanone based on the spectroscopic evidence. The bromophenol was found to be a scavenger of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical.
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Abstract
To determine the effects of axial length on the development of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), determination of the affected eye, development of surgical complications, and visual prognosis, axial length was measured in 27 eyes each in surgical, non-surgical and control group and in 54 eyes each in occlusion (surgical + non-surgical group), non-affected eye (non-affected eyes of occlusion group), and non-occlusion group (both eyes of the control group). The average axial length was 22.61 mm in surgical, 22.48 mm in non-surgical, 23.09 mm in control, 22.55 mm in occlusion, 22.56 mm in non-affected eye, and 23.11 mm in non-occlusion group. The axial length showed a statistically significant difference between surgical and control group (p = 0.018), between non-surgical and control group (p = 0.002), and between occlusion and non-occlusion group (p < 0.001); however, no statistically significant difference was seen between surgical and non-surgical group, between non-affected eyes of surgical and non-surgical group, and between occlusion and non-affected eye group. Also, in such as BRVO groups as surgical, non-surgical, and occlusion groups, no correlation was present between axial length and degree of visual acuity recovery and final visual acuity. Although the possibility of developing BRVO is higher in those with short axial length, the axial length may have no relationship with the determination of the affected eye, visual prognosis and development of surgical complications.
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Choi JS, Chung HY, Jung HA, Park HJ, Yokozawa T. Comparative evaluation of antioxidant potential of alaternin (2-hydroxyemodin) and emodin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2000; 48:6347-51. [PMID: 11312806 DOI: 10.1021/jf000936r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant activities of alaternin (2-hydroxyemodin) and emodin were compared for their respective potentials to inhibit lipid peroxidation in the linoleic acid system by the thiocyanate method, to inhibit total reactive oxygen species generation in kidney homogenates using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, to inhibit peroxynitrite formation by the 3-morpholinosydnonimine system, which generates superoxide radical and nitrogen monooxide, and to scavenge authentic peroxynitrites. Both alaternin and emodin were found to inhibit the peroxidation of linoleic acid by the thiocyanate method in a dose-dependent manner. Whereas the former shows inhibitory activities in reactive oxygen- and nitogen-mediated reactions, the latter does not. These results indicate that alaternin is a potentially effective and versatile antioxidant and can be used to protect biological systems and functions against various oxidative stresses.
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Park HJ, Kwon SH, Yoo KO, Sohn IC, Lee KT, Lee HK. Sesquiterpenes from the leaves of Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis. PLANTA MEDICA 2000; 66:783-784. [PMID: 11199147 DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-9602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
From the leaves of Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis, a new eremophilanolide, 8 alpha-methoxy-6-oxoeremophil-7(11)-en-12,8-olide (6-oxoeremophilenolide) and a eudesmane-type sesquiterpene, (+)-intermedeol were isolated. The structures were determined on the basis of 2D-NMR spectral data. Data on cytotoxicity showed that the latter was clearly more potent than the former compound.
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Song YS, Park HJ, Komolprasert V. Analytical procedure for quantifying five compounds suspected as possible contaminants in recycled paper/paperboard for food packaging. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2000; 48:5856-5859. [PMID: 11141258 DOI: 10.1021/jf000512x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Because contaminants in recycled paper intended for food packaging could be a risk to public health, analytical methods are needed to identify and quantify residues of concern in paper/paperboard. The U. S. Food and Drug Administration is considering development of a guidance document for testing levels of contaminants that might be retained through paper recycling processes. An analytical procedure was developed using paper spiked with suspected contaminants at concentrations of 1-50 ppm in the paper. Benzophenone, dimethyl phthalate, anthracene, methyl stearate, and pentachlorophenol were introduced by soaking the paper in a solution in acetone at 25 degrees C for 24 h; the paper was removed and dried by evaporating the solvent with nitrogen. The model contaminant residues were extracted from the paper using ultrasonication and quantified by GC with flame ionization and electron capture detectors. Recoveries from the spiked paper were 80-109% with a repeatability of +/-4%. The method was also used to analyze commercial recycled paperboard to validate its applicability.
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Ohtsubo T, Park HJ, Lyons JC, Ohnishi T, Song CW. Effect of acidic environment and p53 on apoptosis induction by hyperthermia. Int J Hyperthermia 2000; 16:481-91. [PMID: 11129260 DOI: 10.1080/02656730050199331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of environmental acidity on the induction of apoptosis by heat was investigated. Human colorectal tumour RKO.C cells, carrying wild-type p53 and isogenic RC10.1 cells deficient in p53, were heated at 42.0 degrees C for 1 h in pH 7.5 or pH 6.6 medium and the apoptosis was assessed based on the flow cytometic determination of DNA content, DNA fragmentation, and PARP cleavage. The degree of apoptosis after heating in pH6.6 medium was greater than that in pH 7.5 medium in both RKO.C cells and RC10.1 cells. When heated in the same pH medium, more apoptosis occurred in the RC10.1 cells than in the RKO.C cells. Heating increased the expression of p53 protein and p21 protein markedly in RKO.C cells and slightly in RC10.1 cells. Expression of these proteins was slightly greater in pH 7.5 medium than in pH 6.6 medium. The expressions of Bax protein and Bcl-2 protein, which are known to control apoptosis, were not altered by heating. It was concluded that an acidic environment enhances heat-induced apoptosis. It was also concluded that heat-induced apoptosis is lessened by p53 and that Bcl-2 and Bax are not involved in the induction of apoptosis by hyperthermia.
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Choi SW, Yang JE, Park HJ, Kim CW. A case of extragenital lichen sclerosus following Blaschko's lines. J Am Acad Dermatol 2000; 43:903-4. [PMID: 11044817 DOI: 10.1067/mjd.2000.101876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Extragenital lichen sclerosus is most common on the neck, shoulders, and upper portion of the trunk. A 20-year-old Korean man had asymptomatic, well-demarcated, linear violaceous plaques on the left lateral chest, in a pattern corresponding to the lines of Blaschko. We describe a case with a pattern of extragenital lichen sclerosus following Blaschko's lines.
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Park HJ, Kim YC, Cinn YW, Yoon TY. Granulomatous pyoderma gangrenosum: two unusual cases showing necrotizing granulomatous inflammation. Clin Exp Dermatol 2000; 25:617-20. [PMID: 11167975 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2230.2000.00721.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We present two cases of pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) with unusual histopathological findings. The main histopathological feature of PG is usually massive neutrophilic infiltration; the neutrophil is thus the cytologic hallmark of PG. The occurrence of vasculitis is controversial. In our patients, in contrast, biopsy specimens revealed extensive granulomatous inflammation with massive tissue necrosis throughout the entire dermis and subcutaneous tissue and vascular involvement simulating many other granulomatous diseases. However, there was no evidence of systemic disease. Our cases may therefore represent a histopathologically distinct subset of PG.
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Kim YW, Park HJ, Kim S. Secondary correction of unsatisfactory blepharoplasty: removing multilaminated septal structures and grafting of preaponeurotic fat. Plast Reconstr Surg 2000; 106:1399-404; discussion 1405-6. [PMID: 11083574 DOI: 10.1097/00006534-200011000-00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Oriental blepharoplasty, commonly known as a "double eyelid operation," is the most frequently practiced cosmetic procedure in Orientals, who have probably become more fold conscious because of social westernization and an influx of Caucasians into their society. Anatomically, the upper eyelids of an Oriental are considerably different from those of a white person, and nearly half of Orientals have single eyelids. When performing blepharoplasty, an appropriate design and operative technique must be carefully selected, taking into consideration the anatomical characteristics of Koreans to obtain an aesthetically pleasing result. However, the incidence of complications is high. Patients who are faced with unsatisfactory results are often perplexed by the fact that such a commonly performed procedure could have a very high rate of dissatisfaction and that an improvement is not easy. An unfavorable result need not imply a postoperative complication, but only that the result is not acceptable to the patient, whose goal may not be based on good aesthetic principles. The most common sources of dissatisfaction are postoperative asymmetry and high placement of the lid fold. From 1991 to 1998, secondary blepharoplasty was performed on 72 patients by slitting transversely, removing the multilaminated septal structures exposed to the previous operative scar, spreading the preaponeurotic fat that extruded, and removing the septal structures into a space where the scar was eliminated to prevent secondary adhesion. The average age of the patients was 26.5 years, and the average follow-up period was 2 years. No remarkable complication was encountered after operation with this method, and the desired aesthetic improvements were achieved in the majority of the patients.
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Park HJ, Oh JS, Jeong DU, Park KS. Automated sleep stage scoring using hybrid rule- and case-based reasoning. COMPUTERS AND BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH, AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 2000; 33:330-49. [PMID: 11017725 DOI: 10.1006/cbmr.2000.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We propose an automated method for sleep stage scoring using hybrid rule- and case-based reasoning. The system first performs rule-based sleep stage scoring, according to the Rechtschaffen and Kale's sleep-scoring rule (1968), and then supplements the scoring with case-based reasoning. This method comprises signal processing unit, rule-based scoring unit, and case-based scoring unit. We applied this methodology to three recordings of normal sleep and three recordings of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Average agreement rate in normal recordings was 87.5% and case-based scoring enhanced the agreement rate by 5.6%. This architecture showed several advantages over the other analytical approaches in sleep scoring: high performance on sleep disordered recordings, the explanation facility, and the learning ability. The results suggest that combination of rule-based reasoning and case-based reasoning is promising for an automated sleep scoring and it is also considered to be a good model of the cognitive scoring process.
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Lee KT, Sohn IC, Kim DH, Choi JW, Kwon SH, Park HJ. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of tectorigenin and kaikasaponin III in the streptozotocin-lnduced diabetic rat and their antioxidant activity in vitro. Arch Pharm Res 2000; 23:461-6. [PMID: 11059824 DOI: 10.1007/bf02976573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Tectorigenin and kaikasaponin III from the flowers of Pueraria thunbergiana showed potent hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Intraperitoneal administration of these two compounds with 5 and 10 mg/kg, respectively, for seven days to streptozotocin-induced rats significantly reduced the blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL- and VLDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels when compared with those of control group. Glycitein in which 5-OH is unlinked and tectoridin (7-O-glycoside of tectorigenin) isolated from the flowers of P. thunbergiana did not improve hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. In addition, tectorigenin showed in vitro antioxidant effects on 1,1diphenyl-2-pirylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, xanthine-xanthine oxidase superoxide anion radical, and lipid peroxidation in rat microsomes induced by enzymatic and non-enzymatic methods. We further found that tectorigenin and kaikasaponin III protected the Vero cell line (normal monkey kidney) from injury by hydrogen peroxide. From these findings, it seems likely that the antioxidant action of tectorigenin and kaikasaponin III may alleviate the streptozotocin-induced toxicity and contribute to hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects.
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Park HS, Park HJ. Effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid on secretagogue-induced exocrine secretion of isolated, perfused rat pancreas. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2000; 279:G677-82. [PMID: 11005753 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.2000.279.4.g677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Because GABA and its related enzymes have been determined in beta-cells of pancreas islets, effects of GABA on pancreatic exocrine secretion were investigated in the isolated, perfused rat pancreas. GABA, given intra-arterially at concentrations of 3, 10, 30, and 100 microM, did not exert any influence on spontaneous or secretin (12 pM)-induced pancreatic exocrine secretion. However, GABA further elevated CCK (10 pM)-, gastrin-releasing peptide (100 pM)-, or electrical field stimulation-induced pancreatic secretions of fluid and amylase dose dependently. The GABA (30 microM)-enhanced CCK-induced pancreatic secretions were completely blocked by bicuculline (10 microM), a GABA(A) receptor antagonist, but were not affected by saclofen (10 microM), a GABA(B) receptor antagonist. The enhancing effects of GABA (30 microM) on CCK-induced pancreatic secretions were not changed by tetrodotoxin (1 microM) but were partially reduced by cyclo-(7-aminoheptanonyl-Phe-D-Trp-Lys-Thr[BZL]) (10 nM), a somatostatin antagonist. In conclusion, GABA enhances pancreatic exocrine secretion induced by secretagogues, which predominantly induce enzyme secretion, via GABA(A) receptors in the rat pancreas. The enhancing effect of GABA is partially mediated by inhibition of islet somatostatin release.
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Kim YC, Vandersteen DP, Park HJ, Cinn YW. A case of giant proliferating trichilemmal tumor with malignant transformation. J Dermatol 2000; 27:687-8. [PMID: 11092279 DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2000.tb02257.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Quintana PJ, de Peyster A, Klatzke S, Park HJ. Gossypol-induced DNA breaks in rat lymphocytes are secondary to cytotoxicity. Toxicol Lett 2000; 117:85-94. [PMID: 11033237 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(00)00244-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Gossypol, a male antifertility and potential anticancer agent, was found to induce DNA strand breaks in rat lymphocytes. DNA breaks were measured with the single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) or 'comet' assay. A significant increase in DNA breaks was observed after 1 h incubation at concentrations of 2 microg/ml or greater. The inclusion of 10% fetal bovine serum in the media reduced the toxicity of gossypol, and DNA breaks were only observed at a concentration of 80 microg/ml. However, the increase in DNA strand breaks, for incubations with and without serum, only occurred when cell viability was reduced to less than 70%. Examination of cell morphology and DNA fragmentation at incubations up to 5 h yielded no evidence that DNA strand breaks were occurring due to apoptosis. We conclude that gossypol is not primarily genotoxic in this cell type, and that the DNA breaks observed arose secondary to cytotoxicity.
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