The role of interferon γ in regulation of CD4+ T-cells and its clinical implications

Nephropathic complication of type-2 diabetes is following pattern of autoimmune diseases?

The impact of several environmental and genetic factors on diabetes and its complications is well documented. The present study was aimed to examine the serum levels of IL-17A and IFN-gamma as antagonistic cytokines in nephropathic and non-nephropathic type-2 diabetic patients. In this experimental study, serum samples were obtained from 180 type-2 diabetic patients, 100 nephropathic type-2 diabetic patients and 100 healthy controls. Serum levels of IL-17A and IFN-gamma was detected by ELISA. Results of this study showed that the serum level of IFN-gamma was higher in both diabetic patients (nephropathic and non-nephropathic) in comparison to the controls. In terms of IL-17A, while non-nephropathic type-2 diabetic patients showed an increased serum level of it, the other patients group had a lower serum level. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the lower serum level of IL-17A is possibly associated with nephropathic complications of type-2 diabetes.

Development and function of IL-10 IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) T cells

IL-10 IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) T cells were first found in the early 1990s. They are suppressive T cells able to inhibit cytotoxic T lymphocytes. These cells (Foxp3-T bet(+)) have a similar function but are distinct from conventional Tregs. The production of IL-10 in these cells requires IL-27 and TGF-beta and was regulated by several signal pathways including Notch, STAT, and NF-kappaB. The crosstalk among these pathways is critical for the generation and function of these cells. IL-10 IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) T cells are activated in chronic infection and are responsible for prolonged infection. Thus, their modulation has therapeutic implications for the treatment of infectious diseases. However, it is complicated, and fine-tuning of IFN-gamma and IL-10 secretion by these cells is needed for disease management, as inhibition of these cells will also lead to overimmune responses. On the other hand, increasing their numbers in autoimmune diseases may have beneficial effects.

Evaluation of IFN-gamma serum level in nephropatic type 2 diabetic patients

The present study was aimed to examine the serum level of IFN-gamma in type 2 diabetic patients with nephropatic complications. In this experimental study, serum samples were obtained from 100 type 2 diabetic patients suffering from nephropathy and 100 healthy controls. Serum level of IFN-gamma was analyzed by ELISA. Results of this study showed that the mean serum level of IFN-gamma was 16.09 +/- 2.04 and 4.03 +/- 1.00 pg mL(-1) in nephropathic patients and healthy controls, respectively. Statistical analysis of data showed that the difference in the IFN-gamma serum level was significant between nephropathic patients and controls. Due to the elevated level of IFN-gamma in nephropathic patients, it can be possibly concluded that IFN-gamma is involved in nephropathy complication of type 2 diabetes.