One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of porous nickel cobalt phosphides with high conductivity for advanced energy conversion and storage

Amorphous mesoporous nickel phosphate/reduced graphene oxide with superior performance for electrochemical capacitors

Amorphous mesoporous Ni₃(PO₄)₂ was grown on rGO via a hydrothermal-calcination process, forming a Ni₃(PO₄)₂/rGO-300 composite with superior electrochemical performance.

Metal Phosphides and Phosphates-based Electrodes for Electrochemical Supercapacitors

Phosphorus compounds, such as metal phosphides and phosphates have shown excellent performances and great potential in electrochemical energy storage, which are demonstrated by research works published in recent years. Some of these metal phosphides and phosphates and their hybrids compare favorably with transition metal oxides/hydroxides, which have been studied extensively as a class of electrode materials for supercapacitor applications, where they have limitations in terms of electrical and ion conductivity and device stability. To be specific, metal phosphides have both metalloid characteristics and good electric conductivity. For metal phosphates, the open-framework structures with large channels and cavities endow them with good ion conductivity and charge storage capacity. In this review, we present the recent progress on metal phosphides and phosphates, by focusing on their advantages/disadvantages and potential applications as a new class of electrode materials in supercapacitors. The synthesis methods to prepare these metal phosphides/phosphates are looked into, together with the scientific insights involved, as they strongly affect the electrochemical energy storage performance. Particular attentions are paid to those hybrid-type materials, where strong synergistic effects exist. In the summary, the future perspectives and challenges for the metal phosphides, phosphates and hybrid-types are proposed and discussed.

Hollow Co2P nanoflowers assembled from nanorods for ultralong cycle-life supercapacitors

Hollow Co₂P nanoflowers (Co₂P HNFs) were successfully prepared via a one-step, template-free method. Microstructure analysis reveals that Co₂P HNFs are assembled from nanorods and possess abundant mesopores and an amorphous carbon shell. Density functional theory calculations and electrochemical measurements demonstrate the high electrical conductivity of Co₂P. Benefiting from the unique nanostructures, when employed as an electrode material for supercapacitors, Co₂P HNFs exhibit a high specific capacitance, an outstanding rate capability, and an ultralong cycling stability. Furthermore, the constructed Co₂P HNF//AC ASC exhibits a high energy density of 30.5 W h kg^-1 at a power density of 850 W kg^-1, along with a superior cycling performance (108.0% specific capacitance retained after 10 000 cycles at 5 A g^-1). These impressive results make Co₂P HNFs a promising candidate for supercapacitor applications.

Three-dimensional metal–organic framework derived porous CoP3 concave polyhedrons as superior bifunctional electrocatalysts for the evolution of hydrogen and oxygen

Three-dimensional metal–organic framework-derived porous CoP₃ concave polyhedrons (CoP₃ CPs) were prepared and used as superior bifunctional electrocatalysts for the evolution of hydrogen and oxygen.