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Hassanein M, Callison JC, Callaway-Lane C, Aldrich MC, Grogan EL, Massion PP. The state of molecular biomarkers for the early detection of lung cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2012; 5:992-1006. [PMID: 22689914 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-11-0441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Using biomarkers to select the most at-risk population, to detect the disease while measurable and yet not clinically apparent has been the goal of many investigations. Recent advances in molecular strategies and analytic platforms, including genomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, have identified increasing numbers of potential biomarkers in the blood, urine, exhaled breath condensate, bronchial specimens, saliva, and sputum, but none have yet moved to the clinical setting. Therefore, there is a recognized gap between the promise and the product delivery in the cancer biomarker field. In this review, we define clinical contexts where risk and diagnostic biomarkers may have use in the management of lung cancer, identify the most relevant candidate biomarkers of early detection, provide their state of development, and finally discuss critical aspects of study design in molecular biomarkers for early detection of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hassanein
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville TN 37232, USA
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He J, Whelan SA, Lu M, Shen D, Chung DU, Saxton RE, Faull KF, Whitelegge JP, Chang HR. Proteomic-based biosignatures in breast cancer classification and prediction of therapeutic response. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS 2011; 2011:896476. [PMID: 22110952 PMCID: PMC3202144 DOI: 10.1155/2011/896476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 08/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Protein-based markers that classify tumor subtypes and predict therapeutic response would be clinically useful in guiding patient treatment. We investigated the LC-MS/MS-identified protein biosignatures in 39 baseline breast cancer specimens including 28 HER2-positive and 11 triple-negative (TNBC) tumors. Twenty proteins were found to correctly classify all HER2 positive and 7 of the 11 TNBC tumors. Among them, galectin-3-binding protein and ALDH1A1 were found preferentially elevated in TNBC, whereas CK19, transferrin, transketolase, and thymosin β4 and β10 were elevated in HER2-positive cancers. In addition, several proteins such as enolase, vimentin, peroxiredoxin 5, Hsp 70, periostin precursor, RhoA, cathepsin D preproprotein, and annexin 1 were found to be associated with the tumor responses to treatment within each subtype. The MS-based proteomic findings appear promising in guiding tumor classification and predicting response. When sufficiently validated, some of these candidate protein markers could have great potential in improving breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo He
- Gonda/UCLA Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Stephen A. Whelan
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dejun Shen
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Debra U. Chung
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Romaine E. Saxton
- Gonda/UCLA Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kym F. Faull
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Semel Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Science, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Julian P. Whitelegge
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Semel Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Science, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Helena R. Chang
- Gonda/UCLA Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Revlon/UCLA Breast Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 200 UCLA Medical Plaza, B265, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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van Boerdonk RAA, Sutedja TG, Snijders PJF, Reinen E, Wilting SM, van de Wiel MA, Thunnissen FEBJM, Duin S, Kooi C, Ylstra B, Meijer CJLM, Meijer GA, Grünberg K, Daniels JMA, Postmus PE, Smit EF, Heideman DAM. DNA copy number alterations in endobronchial squamous metaplastic lesions predict lung cancer. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 184:948-56. [PMID: 21799074 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201102-0218oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB) is a valid strategy for detecting premalignant endobronchial lesions. However, no biomarker can reliably predict lung cancer risk of subjects with AFB-visualized premalignant lesions. OBJECTIVES The present study set out to identify AFB-visualized squamous metaplastic (SqM) lesions with malignant potential by DNA copy number profiling. METHODS Regular AFB examinations in 474 subjects at risk of lung cancer identified six subjects with SqM lesions at baseline, and carcinoma in situ or carcinoma (carcinoma in situ or greater) at the initial SqM site at follow-up bronchoscopy. These progressive SqM lesions were compared for immunostaining pattern and array comparative genomic hybridization-based chromosomal profiles with 23 SqM lesions of subjects who remained cancer-free. Specific DNA copy number alterations (CNAs) linked to cancer risk were identified and accuracy of CNAs to predict endobronchial cancer in this series was determined. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS At baseline, p53, p63, and Ki-67 immunostaining were not predictive for a differential clinical outcome of SqM lesions. The mean number of CNAs in baseline SqM of cases was significantly higher compared with control subjects (P < 0.01). Chromosomal regions significantly more frequently altered in SqM of cases were 3p26.3-p11.1, 3q26.2-q29, 9p13.3-p13.2, and 17p13.3-p11.2 (family-wise error rate <0.10). CNAs were specifically detected at the site of future cancer. In cases, baseline-detected CNAs persisted in subsequent biopsies taken from the initial site, and levels increased toward cancer progression. In this series, a model based on CNAs at 3p26.3-p11.1, 3q26.2-29, and 6p25.3-24.3 predicted cancer with 97% accuracy. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that the presence of specific CNAs in SqM lesions predict endobronchial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A A van Boerdonk
- VU University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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