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Laudanski P, Charkiewicz K, Kisielewski R, Kuc P, Koc-Zorawska E, Raba G, Kraczkowski J, Dymicka-Piekarska V, Chabowski A, Kacerovsky M, Jacobsson B, Zabielski P, Blachnio-Zabielska A. Plasma C16-Cer levels are increased in patients with preterm labor. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2016; 123:40-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Palmas F, Fattuoni C, Noto A, Barberini L, Dessì A, Fanos V. The choice of amniotic fluid in metabolomics for the monitoring of fetus health. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2016; 16:473-86. [PMID: 26760526 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2016.1139456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Amniotic fluid (AF) is a biological fluid in which metabolite transport is regulated by the placenta, the permeable skin, fetal lung egress and gastric fluid. During pregnancy, the composition of AF changes from similar to the interstitial fluid of the mother, to a more complex system, influenced by the fetus's urine. Since AF reflects the mother's and the fetus's health status at the same time, it may be an important diagnostic tool for a wider spectrum of clinical conditions. Indeed, the metabolic characterization of AF in relation to pathological occurrences may lead to the discovery of new biomarkers for a better clinical practice. For this reason, metabolomics may be the most suitable strategy for this task. In this review, research works on metabolomic AF analysis are discussed according to the morbidity of interest, being preterm birth/labor, gestational age and diabetes and fetal malformations, along with a number of other important studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Palmas
- a Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Claudia Fattuoni
- a Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Antonio Noto
- b Department of Surgical Sciences , University of Cagliari and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit , Cagliari , Italy.,c Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section , Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Luigi Barberini
- d Department of Public Health Clinical and Molecular Medicine , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Angelica Dessì
- b Department of Surgical Sciences , University of Cagliari and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit , Cagliari , Italy.,c Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section , Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Vassilios Fanos
- b Department of Surgical Sciences , University of Cagliari and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit , Cagliari , Italy.,c Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section , Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria , Cagliari , Italy
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Abstract
Metabolomics is the quantitative analysis of a large number of low molecular weight metabolites that are intermediate or final products of all the metabolic pathways in a living organism. Any metabolic profiles detectable in a human biological fluid are caused by the interaction between gene expression and the environment. The metabolomics approach offers the possibility to identify variations in metabolite profile that can be used to discriminate disease. This is particularly important for neonatal and pediatric studies especially for severe ill patient diagnosis and early identification. This property is of a great clinical importance in view of the newer definitions of health and disease. This review emphasizes the workflow of a typical metabolomics study and summarizes the latest results obtained in neonatal studies with particular interest in prematurity, intrauterine growth retardation, inborn errors of metabolism, perinatal asphyxia, sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, kidney disease, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and cardiac malformation and dysfunction.
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Thomas MM, Sulek K, McKenzie EJ, Jones B, Han TL, Villas-Boas SG, Kenny LC, McCowan LME, Baker PN. Metabolite Profile of Cervicovaginal Fluids from Early Pregnancy Is Not Predictive of Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:27741-8. [PMID: 26610472 PMCID: PMC4661910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161126052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In our study, we used a mass spectrometry-based metabolomic approach to search for biomarkers that may act as early indicators of spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). Samples were selected as a nested case-control study from the Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints (SCOPE) biobank in Auckland, New Zealand. Cervicovaginal swabs were collected at 20 weeks from women who were originally assessed as being at low risk of sPTB. Samples were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Despite the low amount of biomass (16–23 mg), 112 compounds were detected. Statistical analysis showed no significant correlations with sPTB. Comparison of reported infection and plasma inflammatory markers from early pregnancy showed two inflammatory markers were correlated with reported infection, but no correlation with any compounds in the metabolite profile was observed. We hypothesise that the lack of biomarkers of sPTB in the cervicovaginal fluid metabolome is simply because it lacks such markers in early pregnancy. We propose alternative biofluids be investigated for markers of sPTB. Our results lead us to call for greater scrutiny of previously published metabolomic data relating to biomarkers of sPTB in cervicovaginal fluids, as the use of small, high risk, or late pregnancy cohorts may identify metabolite biomarkers that are irrelevant for predicting risk in normal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda M Thomas
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
| | - Karolina Sulek
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
| | - Elizabeth J McKenzie
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
| | - Beatrix Jones
- Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Albany Campus, Auckland 0632, New Zealand.
| | - Ting-Li Han
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
| | - Silas G Villas-Boas
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, 3a Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Louise C Kenny
- The Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, University College Cork, Wilton 06897, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Lesley M E McCowan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, 2 Park Road, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
| | - Philip N Baker
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
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Schumacher M, Guennoun R, Mattern C, Oudinet JP, Labombarda F, De Nicola AF, Liere P. Analytical challenges for measuring steroid responses to stress, neurodegeneration and injury in the central nervous system. Steroids 2015; 103:42-57. [PMID: 26301525 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Levels of steroids in the adult central nervous system (CNS) show marked changes in response to stress, degenerative disorders and injury. However, their analysis in complex matrices such as fatty brain and spinal cord tissues, and even in plasma, requires accurate and precise analytical methods. Radioimmunoassays (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, even with prepurification steps, do not provide sufficient specificity, and they are at the origin of many inconsistent results in the literature. The analysis of steroids by mass spectrometric methods has become the gold standard for accurate and sensitive steroid analysis. However, these technologies involve multiple purification steps prone to errors, and they only provide accurate reference values when combined with careful sample workup. In addition, the interpretation of changes in CNS steroid levels is not an easy task because of their multiple sources: the endocrine glands and the local synthesis by neural cells. In the CNS, decreased steroid levels may reflect alterations of their biosynthesis, as observed in the case of chronic stress, post-traumatic stress disorders or depressive episodes. In such cases, return to normalization by administering exogenous hormones or by stimulating their endogenous production may have beneficial effects. On the other hand, increases in CNS steroids in response to acute stress, degenerative processes or injury may be part of endogenous protective or rescue programs, contributing to the resistance of neural cells to stress and insults. The aim of this review is to encourage a more critical reading of the literature reporting steroid measures, and to draw attention to the absolute need for well-validated methods. We discuss reported findings concerning changing steroid levels in the nervous system by insisting on methodological issues. An important message is that even recent mass spectrometric methods have their limits, and they only become reliable tools if combined with careful sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Florencia Labombarda
- Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental and University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro F De Nicola
- Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental and University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Philippe Liere
- U1195 Inserm and University Paris-Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Fahlbusch FB, Heussner K, Schmid M, Schild R, Ruebner M, Huebner H, Rascher W, Doerr HG, Rauh M. Measurement of amniotic fluid steroids of midgestation via LC-MS/MS. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 152:155-60. [PMID: 26047555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Analysis of steroids by mass spectrometry (MS) has evolved into a reliable tool for the simultaneous detection of multiple steroids. As amniotic fluid (AF) and fetal serum composition of early pregnancy are closely related, the analysis of AF can yield information on the physiological status of the developing fetus. We evaluated the use of liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for AF steroid analysis, including the analysis of its sensitivity and accuracy for gender verification in healthy subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS AF of 78 male and 94 female healthy newborns was analyzed by LC-MS/MS at 16 weeks of gestation. The levels of androstenedione, corticosterone, cortisol, cortisone, deoxycorticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S), 17-hydroxyprogesterone, progesterone (17-OHP) and testosterone were measured. Steroid levels were compared to RIA and GC-MS levels of midgestation from the literature. Cross-validated logistic regression was used to obtain statistical predictions of gender at birth from testosterone and the above steroids. RESULTS LC-MS/MS analysis of AF steroids yielded comparable results with published GC-MS data. Gender specific differences were found for androstenedione and testosterone concentrations with higher levels in the male fetus. In contrast to published RIA data no gender specific differences were observed for 17-hydroxyprogesterone and dehydroepiandrosterone AF concentrations. Testosterone concentrations yielded highly accurate predictions for male gender at birth. Additional analysis of further steroids did neither increase the accuracy, sensitivity nor specificity of this prediction. The estimated optimal cut-off value for amniotic testosterone level was 0.074 μg/L for healthy male newborns. CONCLUSIONS LC-MS/MS is a reliable method for the determination of steroids in amniotic fluid. The determination of testosterone in amniotic fluid by LC-MS/MS in early pregnancy of healthy subjects can be used to offer a reliable prediction of fetal gender at birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian B Fahlbusch
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Kirsten Heussner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ralf Schild
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatal Medicine, Diakoniekrankenhaus Friederikenstift, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Ruebner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hanna Huebner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rascher
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Helmuth-Guenther Doerr
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manfred Rauh
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Piersigilli F, Bhandari V. Biomarkers in neonatology: the new "omics" of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2015; 29:1758-64. [PMID: 26135768 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1061495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a complex disorder resulting from gene-environmental interactions. An improved understanding of the pathogenesis of this most common chronic lung disease in infants has been made by utilizing animal models and correlating with human data. Currently, while some (vitamin A, caffeine) pharmacotherapeutic options are being utilized to ameliorate this condition, there is still no specific or effective treatment for BPD. It would be helpful for prognostication and targeted potential novel therapeutic strategies to identify those babies accurately who are at risk for developing this disease. A reliable biomarker would have the capacity to be detected in the initial phase of the disease, to allow early interventions to avoid or minimize the detrimental effects of the disease. This review will focus on human studies performed with the "omic" techniques, specifically genomics, epigenomics, microbiomics, transciptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, and summarize the information available in the literature, as it pertains to biomarker identification for BPD. Using "omics" technologies, investigators have reported markers that have the potential to be used as biomarkers of BPD: SPOCK2, VEGF -624C > G, VEGF -460T > C, mast cells specific markers, miR-219 pathway, miR-152, -30a-3p, -133b, -206, -7, lactate, taurine, trimethylamine-N-oxide, gluconate, myoinositol and alterations in surfactant lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiammetta Piersigilli
- a Division of Perinatal Medicine and Yale Child Health Research Center, Department of Pediatrics , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA .,b Bambino Gesu' Children's Hospital, Division of Neonatology , Rome , Italy , and
| | - Vineet Bhandari
- a Division of Perinatal Medicine and Yale Child Health Research Center, Department of Pediatrics , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA .,c Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics , Drexel University College of Medicine , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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Women with preterm birth have a distinct cervicovaginal metabolome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 212:776.e1-776.e12. [PMID: 25827503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metabolomics has the potential to reveal novel pathways involved in the pathogenesis of preterm birth (PTB). The objective of this study was to investigate whether the cervicovaginal (CV) metabolome was different in asymptomatic women destined to have a PTB compared with term birth. STUDY DESIGN A nested case-control study was performed using CV fluid collected from a larger prospective cohort. The CV fluid was collected between 20-24 weeks (V1) and 24-28 weeks (V2). The metabolome was compared between women with a spontaneous PTB (n = 10) to women who delivered at term (n = 10). Samples were extracted and prepared for analysis using a standard extraction solvent method. Global biochemical profiles were determined using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. An ANOVA was used to detect differences in biochemical compounds between the groups. A false discovery rate was estimated to account for multiple comparisons. RESULTS A total of 313 biochemicals were identified in CV fluid. Eighty-two biochemicals were different in the CV fluid at V1 in those destined to have a PTB compared with term birth, whereas 48 were different at V2. Amino acid, carbohydrate, and peptide metabolites were distinct between women with and without PTB. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the CV space is metabolically active during pregnancy. Changes in the CV metabolome may be observed weeks, if not months, prior to any clinical symptoms. Understanding the CV metabolome may hold promise for unraveling the pathogenesis of PTB and may provide novel biomarkers to identify women most at risk.
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Dudzik D, Revello R, Barbas C, Bartha JL. LC–MS-Based Metabolomics Identification of Novel Biomarkers of Chorioamnionitis and Its Associated Perinatal Neurological Damage. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:1432-44. [DOI: 10.1021/pr501087x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Dudzik
- CEMBIO
(Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis), Pharmacy Faculty, University San Pablo CEU, 28668 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocio Revello
- Division
of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, University Hospital La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Barbas
- CEMBIO
(Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis), Pharmacy Faculty, University San Pablo CEU, 28668 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose L. Bartha
- Division
of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, University Hospital La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
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Application of metabolomics in autoimmune diseases: Insight into biomarkers and pathology. J Neuroimmunol 2015; 279:25-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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