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Tian T, Chen C, Yang F, Tang J, Pei J, Shi B, Zhang N, Zhang J. Establishment of apoptotic regulatory network for genetic markers of colorectal cancer and optimal selection of traditional Chinese medicine target. Saudi J Biol Sci 2017; 24:634-643. [PMID: 28386190 PMCID: PMC5372422 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The paper aimed to screen out genetic markers applicable to early diagnosis for colorectal cancer and establish apoptotic regulatory network model for colorectal cancer, and to analyze the current situation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) target, thereby providing theoretical evidence for early diagnosis and targeted therapy of colorectal cancer. Taking databases including CNKI, VIP, Wanfang data, Pub Med, and MEDLINE as main sources of literature retrieval, literatures associated with genetic markers that are applied to early diagnosis of colorectal cancer were searched and performed comprehensive and quantitative analysis by Meta analysis, hence screening genetic markers used in early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. KEGG analysis was employed to establish apoptotic regulatory network model based on screened genetic markers, and optimization was conducted on TCM targets. Through Meta analysis, seven genetic markers were screened out, including WWOX, K-ras, COX-2, P53, APC, DCC and PTEN, among which DCC has the highest diagnostic efficiency. Apoptotic regulatory network was built by KEGG analysis. Currently, it was reported that TCM has regulatory function on gene locus in apoptotic regulatory network. The apoptotic regulatory model of colorectal cancer established in this study provides theoretical evidence for early diagnosis and TCM targeted therapy of colorectal cancer in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongde Tian
- Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Department, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 127 Dongming Rd., Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450008, China
| | - Chuanliang Chen
- Hospital Office, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Rd., Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450003, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Department, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 127 Dongming Rd., Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450008, China
| | - Jingwen Tang
- Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Department, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 127 Dongming Rd., Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450008, China
| | - Junwen Pei
- Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Department, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 127 Dongming Rd., Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450008, China
| | - Bian Shi
- Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Department, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 127 Dongming Rd., Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450008, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Medical Engineering Technology and Data Mining Institute of Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Ave., Gaoxin Dist., Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Medical Engineering Technology and Data Mining Institute of Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Ave., Gaoxin Dist., Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, China
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102
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Carrà G, Crivellaro S, Taulli R, Guerrasio A, Saglio G, Morotti A. Mechanisms of p53 Functional De-Regulation: Role of the IκB-α/p53 Complex. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17121997. [PMID: 27916821 PMCID: PMC5187797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17121997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
TP53 is one of the most frequently-mutated and deleted tumor suppressors in cancer, with a dramatic correlation with dismal prognoses. In addition to genetic inactivation, the p53 protein can be functionally inactivated in cancer, through post-transductional modifications, changes in cellular compartmentalization, and interactions with other proteins. Here, we review the mechanisms of p53 functional inactivation, with a particular emphasis on the interaction between p53 and IκB-α, the NFKBIA gene product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Carrà
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Turin, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Crivellaro
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Turin, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Taulli
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Turin, Italy.
| | - Angelo Guerrasio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Turin, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Turin, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Morotti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Turin, Italy.
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103
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Kim E, Davidson LA, Zoh RS, Hensel ME, Salinas ML, Patil BS, Jayaprakasha GK, Callaway ES, Allred CD, Turner ND, Weeks BR, Chapkin RS. Rapidly cycling Lgr5 + stem cells are exquisitely sensitive to extrinsic dietary factors that modulate colon cancer risk. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2460. [PMID: 27831561 PMCID: PMC5260883 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The majority of colon tumors are driven by aberrant Wnt signaling in intestinal stem cells, which mediates an efficient route toward initiating intestinal cancer. Natural lipophilic polyphenols and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) generally suppress Wnt- and NF-κB- (nuclear factor-κ light-chain enhancer of activated B-cell) related pathways. However, the effects of these extrinsic agents on colonic leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5-positive (Lgr5+) stem cells, the cells of origin of colon cancer, have not been documented to date. Therefore, we examined the effect of n-3 PUFA and polyphenol (curcumin) combination on Lgr5+ stem cells during tumor initiation and progression in the colon compared with an n-6 PUFA-enriched control diet. Lgr5-EGFP-IRES-creERT2 knock-in mice were fed diets containing n-6 PUFA (control), n-3 PUFA, n-6 PUFA+curcumin or n-3 PUFA+curcumin for 3 weeks, followed by 6 azoxymethane (AOM) injections, and terminated 17 weeks after the last injection. To further elucidate the effects of the dietary bioactives at the tumor initiation stage, Lgr5+ stem cells were also assessed at 12 and 24 h post AOM injection. Only n-3 PUFA+curcumin feeding reduced nuclear β-catenin in aberrant crypt foci (by threefold) compared with control at the progression time point. n-3 PUFA+curcumin synergistically increased targeted apoptosis in DNA-damaged Lgr5+ stem cells by 4.5-fold compared with control at 12 h and maximally reduced damaged Lgr5+ stem cells at 24 h, down to the level observed in saline-treated mice. Finally, RNAseq analysis indicated that p53 signaling in Lgr5+ stem cells from mice exposed to AOM was uniquely upregulated only following n-3 PUFA+curcumin cotreatment. These novel findings demonstrate that Lgr5+ stem cells are uniquely responsive to external dietary cues following the induction of DNA damage, providing a therapeutic strategy for eliminating damaged Lgr5+ stem cells to reduce colon cancer initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjoo Kim
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Laurie A Davidson
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Roger S Zoh
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Martha E Hensel
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Michael L Salinas
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Bhimanagouda S Patil
- Vegetable Crop Improvement Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Evelyn S Callaway
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Clinton D Allred
- Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Nancy D Turner
- Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Vegetable Crop Improvement Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Brad R Weeks
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Vegetable Crop Improvement Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
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104
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Daly JA, Mortlock SA, Taylor RM, Williamson P. Cluster Analysis of Tumor Suppressor Genes in Canine Leukocytes Identifies Activation State. Bioinform Biol Insights 2015; 9:59-67. [PMID: 27478369 PMCID: PMC4955975 DOI: 10.4137/bbi.s30523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells of the immune system undergo activation and subsequent proliferation in the normal course of an immune response. Infrequently, the molecular and cellular events that underlie the mechanisms of proliferation are dysregulated and may lead to oncogenesis, leading to tumor formation. The most common forms of immunological cancers are lymphomas, which in dogs account for 8%–20% of all cancers, affecting up to 1.2% of the dog population. Key genes involved in negatively regulating proliferation of lymphocytes include a group classified as tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). These genes are also known to be associated with progression of lymphoma in humans, mice, and dogs and are potential candidates for pathological grading and diagnosis. The aim of the present study was to analyze TSG profiles in stimulated leukocytes from dogs to identify genes that discriminate an activated phenotype. A total of 554 TSGs and three gene set collections were analyzed from microarray data. Cluster analysis of three subsets of genes discriminated between stimulated and unstimulated cells. These included 20 most upregulated and downregulated TSGs, TSG in hallmark gene sets significantly enriched in active cells, and a selection of candidate TSGs, p15 (CDKN2B), p18 (CDKN2C), p19 (CDKN1A), p21 (CDKN2A), p27 (CDKN1B), and p53 (TP53) in the third set. Analysis of two subsets suggested that these genes or a subset of these genes may be used as a specialized PCR set for additional analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie-Anne Daly
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Sally-Anne Mortlock
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Rosanne M Taylor
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Williamson
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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