2D MOF Periodontitis Photodynamic Ion Therapy

A self-activated cascade nanoreactor based on Pd-Ru/GOx for bacterial infection treatment

Enzyme cascade reaction that integrated nature enzyme and nanozyme has attracted intensive attention in biomedical studies. Nevertheless, it is still an important challenge to design simple, high-performance and safe cascade...

Remodeling immune microenvironment in periodontitis using resveratrol liposomes as an antibiotic-free therapeutic strategy

BACKGROUND

Periodontitis is a complicated inflammatory disease that damages the tooth-supporting tissues, with limited pharmacotherapy available. Macrophage-targeting therapy is promising for inflammatory diseases. Resveratrol (RSV), a nonflavonoid polyphenol, is known for its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, its medical application is limited by its poor stability and water-solubility, as well as its low bioavailability.

RESULT

A therapeutic resveratrol-loaded liposomal system (Lipo-RSV) was developed to treat periodontitis. The physical properties of Lipo-RSV and its ability to regulate macrophages were investigated. The results showed that Lipo-RSV had good biocompatibility and could re-educate the inflammatory macrophages from M1- to M2-like phenotype through activating p-STAT3 and downregulating p-STAT1. Besides, the Lipo-RSV could scavenge ROS and inhibit the NF-κB signal and inflammasomes, thereby reducing the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α.

CONCLUSION

These results revealed that Lipo-RSV could be a potential therapeutic system for the antibiotic-free treatment for periodontal diseases.

A thermoreversible antibacterial zeolite-based nanoparticles loaded hydrogel promotes diabetic wound healing via detrimental factor neutralization and ROS scavenging

BACKGROUND

As recovery time of diabetic wound injury is prolonged by the production of detrimental factors, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines, attenuating the oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in the microenvironment of the diabetic wound site would be significant.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

In our study, we prepared thermoreversible, antibacterial zeolite-based nanoparticles loaded hydrogel to promote diabetic wound healing via the neutralization of detrimental factors such as inflammatory cytokines and ROS.

RESULTS

The cerium (Ce)-doped biotype Linde type A (LTA) zeolite nanoparticles synergistically eliminated mitochondrial ROS and neutralized free inflammatory factors, thus remodeling the anti-inflammatory microenvironment of the wound and enhancing angiogenesis. Moreover, the thermoreversible hydrogel composed of Pluronic F127 and chitosan demonstrated strong haemostatic and bactericidal behavior.

CONCLUSIONS

In conclusion, the obtained thermoreversible, antibacterial, zeolite-based nanoparticles loaded hydrogels represent a multi-targeted combination therapy for diabetic wound healing.

Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as a film and hydrogel carrier for ACP nanoprecursors to deliver biomimetic mineralization

Demineralization of hard tooth tissues leads to dental caries, which cause health problems and economic burdens throughout the world. A biomimetic mineralization strategy is expected to reverse early dental caries. Commercially available anti-carious mineralizing products lead to inconclusive clinical results because they cannot continuously replenish the required calcium and phosphate resources. Herein, we prepared a mineralizing film consisting of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and polyaspartic acid-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate (PAsp-ACP) nanoparticles. HPMC which contains multiple hydroxyl groups is a film-forming material that can be desiccated to form a dry film. In a moist environment, this film gradually changes into a gel. HPMC was used as the carrier of PAsp-ACP nanoparticles to deliver biomimetic mineralization. Our results indicated that the hydroxyl and methoxyl groups of HPMC could assist the stability of PAsp-ACP nanoparticles and maintain their biomimetic mineralization activity. The results further demonstrated that the bioinspired mineralizing film induced the early mineralization of demineralized dentin after 24 h with increasing mineralization of the whole demineralized dentin (3-4 µm) after 72-96 h. Furthermore, these results were achieved without any cytotoxicity or mucosa irritation. Therefore, this mineralizing film shows promise for use in preventive dentistry due to its efficient mineralization capability.

A nanodrug system overexpressed circRNA_0001805 alleviates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via miR-106a-5p/miR-320a and ABCA1/CPT1 axis

Our study aimed to explore the function of circRNA_0001805 in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and the underlying mechanism. A nanodrug system (GA-RM/GZ/PL) was constructed to overexpress circRNA_0001805 specifically in hepatocytes for the treatment of NAFLD. Fat droplet accumulation in cultured cells and mouse hepatic tissues was detected using Oil Red O or H&E staining. The relative expression of circRNAs, genes associated with lipogenesis was quantified by qRT-PCR. Interactions between circRNA_0001805 and miR-106a-5p/miR-320a, between miR-106a-5p/miR-320a and ABCA1/CPT1 were confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. A novel metalorganic framework nanocarrier (GZ) was prepared from glycyrrhizic acid and zinc ions (Zn²⁺), and this nanocarrier was loaded with the circRNA_0001805 plasmid to construct a nanocore (GZ/PL). Then, this GZ/PL was coated with a galactose-modified RBC membrane (GA-RM) to generate GA-RM/GZ/PL. CircRNA_0001805 expression was downregulated in FFA-challenged primary hepatocytes, HFD-fed mice and NAFLD patients. Overexpressed circRNA_0001805 attenuated NAFLD development by suppressing lipid metabolism disorder and inflammation. CircRNA_0001805 targeted miR-106a-5p/miR-320a, which served as an upstream inhibitor of ABCA1/CPT1 and collaboratively regulated NAFLD progression. GA-RM/GZ/PL targeted hepatocytes, overexpressed circRNA_0001805, released glycyrrhizic acid to reduce the accumulation of lipids in the liver and played a synergistic role against NAFLD-induced lipid metabolism disorder.