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Oka K, Oka S, Sasaki T, Ito Y, Bringas P, Nonaka K, Chai Y. The role of TGF-beta signaling in regulating chondrogenesis and osteogenesis during mandibular development. Dev Biol 2006; 303:391-404. [PMID: 17204263 PMCID: PMC2074881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2006] [Revised: 11/12/2006] [Accepted: 11/15/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
During craniofacial development, Meckel's cartilage and the mandible bone derive from the first branchial arch, and their development depends upon the contribution of cranial neural crest (CNC) cells. We previously demonstrated that conditional inactivation of Tgfbr2 in the neural crest of mice (Tgfbr2(fl/fl);Wnt1-Cre) results in severe defects in mandibular development, although the specific cellular and molecular mechanisms by which TGF-beta signaling regulates the fate of CNC cells during mandibular development remain unknown. We show here that loss of Tgfbr2 does not affect the migration of CNC cells during mandibular development. TGF-beta signaling is specifically required for cell proliferation in Meckel's cartilage and the mandibular anlagen and for the formation of the coronoid, condyle and angular processes. TGF-beta-mediated connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) signaling is critical for CNC cell proliferation. Exogenous CTGF rescues the cell proliferation defect in Meckel's cartilage of Tgfbr2(fl/fl);Wnt1-Cre mutants, demonstrating the biological significance of this signaling cascade in chondrogenesis during mandibular development. Furthermore, TGF-beta signaling controls Msx1 expression to regulate mandibular osteogenesis as Msx1 expression is significantly reduced in Tgfbr2(fl/fl);Wnt1-Cre mutants. Collectively, our data suggest that there are differential signal cascades in response to TGF-beta to control chondrogenesis and osteogenesis during mandibular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Oka
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology School of Dentistry University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, U.S.A
| | - Shoji Oka
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology School of Dentistry University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, U.S.A
| | - Tomoyo Sasaki
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology School of Dentistry University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, U.S.A
| | - Yoshihiro Ito
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology School of Dentistry University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, U.S.A
| | - Pablo Bringas
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology School of Dentistry University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, U.S.A
| | - Kazuaki Nonaka
- Section of Pediatric Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology School of Dentistry University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, U.S.A
- (*) Corresponding Author: Dr. Yang Chai, Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, California 90033, Tel (323)442-3480, Fax (323)442-2981,
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