1
|
Walsh M, Martindale R. A review of perioperative immune-modulating and metabolic-modulating nutrition strategies for bowel resection surgery. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2024. [PMID: 38689534 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.2634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Focused perioperative nutrition strategies have proven benefits on the outcomes for patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. In this brief article, we will review these strategies and the evidence to support them with a focus on gastrointestinal anastomotic healing. We will elaborate the risks and benefits of enteral feeds, immune- and metabolic-modulating formulas, prebiotics and probiotics, and prehabilitation in preparation for surgery. Additionally, we will discuss the role of fish oils (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) in the surgical patient and new data on specialized proresolving mediators in inflammation resolution. Finally, this article will consider the harmful impact surgical trauma has on the microbiome and the potential for perioperative dietary modulation to attenuate these negative effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maura Walsh
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Robert Martindale
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
"Dietary fiber" (DF) refers to a type of carbohydrate that cannot be digested fully. DF is not an essential nutrient, but it plays an important part in enhancing digestive capacity and maintaining intestinal health. Therefore, DF supplementation in the daily diet is highly recommended. Inulin is a soluble DF, and commonly added to foods. Recently, several studies have found that dietary supplementation of inulin can improve metabolic function and regulate intestinal immunity. Inulin is fermented in the colon by the gut microbiota and a series of metabolites is generated. Among these metabolites, short-chain fatty acids provide energy to intestinal epithelial cells and participate in regulating the differentiation of immune cells. Inulin and its intestinal metabolites contribute to host immunity. This review summarizes the effect of inulin and its metabolites on intestinal immunity, and the underlying mechanisms of inulin in preventing diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic kidney disease, and certain cancer types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Trone K, Rahman S, Green CH, Venegas C, Martindale R, Stroud A. Synbiotics and Surgery: Can Prebiotics and Probiotics Affect Inflammatory Surgical Outcomes? Curr Nutr Rep 2023:10.1007/s13668-023-00464-1. [PMID: 36991238 PMCID: PMC10060133 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-023-00464-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have received increasing attention over the years for their beneficial impact on the gut microbiome and for their systemic anti-inflammatory effects. They have also been shown to improve surgical outcomes. Here, we review the inflammatory effects of surgery as well as the data which suggests a benefit of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics taken in the perioperative period. RECENT FINDINGS Synbiotics and fermented foods may have an even greater anti-inflammatory effect than probiotics or prebiotics alone. Recent data suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects and microbiome changes brought on by prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have the potential to improve surgical outcomes. We highlight the potential to alter systemic inflammation, surgical and hospital-acquired infections, colorectal cancer formation, recurrence, and anastomotic leak. Synbiotics could also impact metabolic syndrome. Prebiotics, probiotics, and especially synbiotics may be extremely beneficial when taken in the perioperative period. Even short-term gut microbiome pre-habilitation could alter surgical outcomes significantly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Trone
- OHSU, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Rd., Mail Code: L223, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Shahrose Rahman
- OHSU, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Rd., Mail Code: L223, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | | | | | - Robert Martindale
- OHSU, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Rd., Mail Code: L223, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Andrea Stroud
- OHSU, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Rd., Mail Code: L223, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li C, Gao X, Zhao Y, Chen X. High Expression of circ_0001821 Promoted Colorectal Cancer Progression Through miR-600/ISOC1 Axis. Biochem Genet 2023; 61:410-427. [PMID: 35943670 PMCID: PMC9852123 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that circRNAs play an important regulatory role in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the molecular role of circ_0001821 in CRC development is unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the regulatory role and molecular mechanisms of circ_0001821 in CRC. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot assays were used to detect the expression of circ_0001821, miR-600 and isochorismatase domain containing 1 (ISOC1) in CRC tissues as well as its cell lines. Colony formation assay and EDU assay were used to detect the proliferative capacity of cells. Transwell assay was used to assess cell migration and invasion ability. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell apoptosis. ELISA was used to measure the glycolytic capacity of cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay were used to analyze the relationships between circ_0001821, miR-600 and ISOC1. Animal experimentation was used to validate the functional study of circ_0001821 in vivo. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of Ki67 staining analysis was conducted to assess tumor growth. Circ_0001821 and ISOC1 were significantly increased in CRC tissues and its cell lines, and miR-600 was significantly decreased in CRC tissues and its cell lines. Silencing circ_0001821 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion and glycolytic capacity, while inducing apoptosis. And it could inhibit tumor growth in vivo. Circ_0001821 could act as a sponge for miR-600 to regulate CRC processes. ISOC1 was identified as a downstream regulator of miR-600, also miR-600 could regulate the expression of ISOC1. In addition, circ_0001821 could regulate ISOC1 expression changes through miR-600. Mechanistically, either miR-600 inhibitor or overexpression of ISOC1 could reverse the effects of knockdown of circ_0001821 on cell biological properties. Circ_0001821 regulated the developmental process of CRC through miR-600/ISOC1 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xudong Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 Youyi West Rd, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gholamalizadeh M, Behrad Nasab M, Ahmadzadeh M, Doaei S, Jonoush M, Shekari S, Afsharfar M, Hosseinzadeh P, Abbastorki S, Akbari ME, Hashemi M, Omidi S, Vahid F, Mosavi Jarrahi A, Lavasani A. The association among calorie, macronutrient, and micronutrient intake with colorectal cancer: A case-control study. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:1527-1536. [PMID: 35592289 PMCID: PMC9094451 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) can be influenced by dietary components. This study aims to investigate the association between dietary intake and CRC in Iranian adults. This hospital‐based case–control study was performed on 160 patients with CRC and 320 healthy people. General and pathological data were collected through face‐to‐face interviews. A validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess the intake of calories, macronutrients, and micronutrients. The case group had a significantly higher intake of calories, carbohydrates, vitamin A, vitamin K, fluoride, and molybdenum and a lower intake of vitamin E, vitamin B1, beta carotene, biotin, folate, magnesium, selenium, manganese, and fiber (all p < .001). CRC was positively associated with the intake of carbohydrate (OR: 1.01, CI% 1.03–1.01, p = .001), and vitamin A (OR: 1.009, CI 95% 1.006–1.01, p = .001) and negatively associated with intake of fiber (OR: 0.67, CI 95% 0.59–0.76, p = .001), beta carotene (OR: 0.99, CI 95% 0.99–0.99, p = .001), vitamin E (OR: 0.27, CI 95% 0.15–0.47, p = .001), folate (OR: 0.98 CI 95% 0.97–0.98, p = .001), and biotin (OR: 0.83, CI 95% 0.77–0.90, p = .001). The associations remained significant after adjusting for age and sex. Further adjustments for physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking did not change the results. The results identified that the risk of colorectal cancer can be influenced by dietary intake. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings and to identify the underlying mechanisms of the effects of dietary components on the risk of colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mojgan Behrad Nasab
- Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences Faculty of Sport Science Central Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Mina Ahmadzadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Cancer Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.,School of Health, Research Center of Health and Environment Guilan University of Medical Sciences Rasht Iran
| | - Mona Jonoush
- Department of Nutrition School of Medicine Mashahd University of Medical Sciences Mashahad Iran
| | - Soheila Shekari
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Maryam Afsharfar
- Department of Nutrition School of Medicine Zahedan University of Medical Sciences Zahedan Iran
| | - Payam Hosseinzadeh
- Gastrointestinal and liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Saheb Abbastorki
- Department of Nutrition Faculty of Nutrition Sciences Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | | | - Maryam Hashemi
- Department of Pathology Firoozgar General Hospital Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Saeed Omidi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion School of Health Research Center of Health and Environment Guilan University of Medical Sciences Rasht Iran
| | - Farhad Vahid
- Nutrition and Health Research Group Department of Population Health Luxembourg Institute of Health Strassen Luxembourg
| | | | - Ali Lavasani
- Department of Pathology Firoozgar General Hospital Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu Y, He W, Yang J, He Y, Wang Z, Li K. The effects of preoperative intestinal dysbacteriosis on postoperative recovery in colorectal cancer surgery: a prospective cohort study. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:446. [PMID: 34823504 PMCID: PMC8620658 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-02035-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence suggests a critical role of intestinal dysbacteriosis in surgical site infections and anastomotic leakage after abdominal surgery. However, a direct correlation between pre-existing dysbacteriosis and postoperative infectious complications has not yet been established clinically. Methods A total of 353 consecutive patients who underwent colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery were enrolled. Gram-stained faecal smears were tested at admission and the first defecation after surgery. Intestinal dysbacteriosis was graded into three groups: normal or slightly decreased intestinal microflora (grade 1), moderate dysbacteriosis (grade 2), and severe dysbacteriosis (grade 3). Clinical outcomes were postoperative infections and anastomotic leakage within 30 days after surgery. Results At the preoperative assessment, 268 (75.9%) patients had normal or slightly decreased intestinal microflora, 58 (16.4%) patients had moderate dysbacteriosis, and 27 (7.6%) patients had severe dysbacteriosis. The patients with preoperative dysbacteriosis had a higher rate of early postoperative diarrhoea (grade 2: OR = 4.53, 95% CI 2.28–9.00, grade 3: OR = 4.52, 95% CI 1.81–11.31), total complications (grade 3 40.7% vs. grade 2 25.9% vs. grade 1 12.7%, P < 0.001), and anastomotic leakage (grade 3 11.1% vs. grade 2 5.2% vs. grade 1 1.5%, P = 0.002). An interaction effect among preoperative dysbacteriosis and early postoperative diarrhoea on total complications was observed in rectal cancer patients (P for interaction = 0.007). Conclusions An imbalance of the intestinal microbiome exists in a considerable proportion of CRC patients before surgery. Preoperative dysbacteriosis is associated with higher rates of early postoperative diarrhoea, which further correlates with infectious complications and anastomotic leakage. However, the contribution of preoperative dysbacteriosis to the occurrence of anastomotic leakage needs to be clarified in further studies. Trial registration ChiCTR, ChiCTR1800018755. Registered 8 October 2018—Retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/ChiCTR1800018755. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12876-021-02035-6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Liu
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanbin He
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhua He
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ka Li
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China. .,Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|