1
|
Ji X, Louarn E, Fache F, Vanoye L, Bonhommé A, Pitault I, Meille V. Analysis of Dibenzyltoluene Mixtures: From Fast Analysis to In-Depth Characterization of the Compounds. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093751. [PMID: 37175161 PMCID: PMC10180323 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The so-called dibenzyltoluene (H0-DBT) heat transfer oil contains numerous isomers of dibenzyltoluene as well as (benzyl)benzyltoluene (methyl group on the central vs. the side aromatic ring). As it is used as a liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC), a detailed analysis of its composition is crucial in assessing the kinetic rate of hydrogenation for each constituent and studying the mechanism of H0-DBT hydrogenation. To identify all of the compounds in the oil, an in-depth analysis of the GC-MS spectra was performed. To confirm peak attribution, we synthesized some DBTs and characterized the pure compounds using NMR and Raman spectroscopies. Moreover, a fast-GC analysis was developed to rapidly determine the degree of hydrogenation of the mixture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Ji
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Essyllt Louarn
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France
- Université Paris Saclay, CNRS, ICP, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Fabienne Fache
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ICBMS, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Laurent Vanoye
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes & Materials, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, CP2M UMR 5128 CNRS-UCB Lyon 1-CPE Lyon, CPE Lyon 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Bonhommé
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Isabelle Pitault
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Valérie Meille
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Miranda R, Valencia-Vázquez O, Maya-Vega CA, Nicolás-Vázquez I, Vargas-Rodriguez YM, Morales-Serna JA, García-Ríos E, Salmón M. Synthesis of cycloveratrylene macrocycles and benzyl oligomers catalysed by bentonite under microwave/infrared and solvent-free conditions. Molecules 2013; 18:12820-44. [PMID: 24135939 PMCID: PMC6269697 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181012820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tonsil Actisil FF, which is a commercial bentonitic clay, promotes the formation of cycloveratrylene macrocycles and benzyl oligomers from the corresponding benzyl alcohols in good yields under microwave heating and infrared irradiation in the absence of solvent in both cases. The catalytic reaction is sensitive to the type of substituent on the aromatic ring. Thus, when benzyl alcohol was substituted with a methylenedioxy, two methoxy or three methoxy groups, a cyclooligomerisation process was induced. Unsubstituted, methyl and methoxy benzyl alcohols yielded linear oligomers. In addition, computational chemistry calculations were performed to establish a validated mechanistic pathway to explain the growth of the obtained linear oligomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- René Miranda
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Campo 1, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av 1o de Mayo s/n, Sta. Ma Las Torres, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54740, Estado de México, Mexico; E-Mails: (O.V.-V.); (C.A.M.-V.); (I.N.-V.); (Y.M.V.-R.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (R.M.); (M.S.); Tel.: +52-55-5622-4405 (M.S.); Fax: +52-55-5616-2217 (M.S.)
| | - Omar Valencia-Vázquez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Campo 1, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av 1o de Mayo s/n, Sta. Ma Las Torres, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54740, Estado de México, Mexico; E-Mails: (O.V.-V.); (C.A.M.-V.); (I.N.-V.); (Y.M.V.-R.)
| | - Carlos Abel Maya-Vega
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Campo 1, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av 1o de Mayo s/n, Sta. Ma Las Torres, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54740, Estado de México, Mexico; E-Mails: (O.V.-V.); (C.A.M.-V.); (I.N.-V.); (Y.M.V.-R.)
| | - Inés Nicolás-Vázquez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Campo 1, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av 1o de Mayo s/n, Sta. Ma Las Torres, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54740, Estado de México, Mexico; E-Mails: (O.V.-V.); (C.A.M.-V.); (I.N.-V.); (Y.M.V.-R.)
| | - Yolanda Marina Vargas-Rodriguez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Campo 1, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av 1o de Mayo s/n, Sta. Ma Las Torres, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54740, Estado de México, Mexico; E-Mails: (O.V.-V.); (C.A.M.-V.); (I.N.-V.); (Y.M.V.-R.)
| | - José Antonio Morales-Serna
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán 04510, México, D.F., Mexico; E-Mails: (J.A.M.-S.); (E.G.-R.)
| | - Eréndira García-Ríos
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán 04510, México, D.F., Mexico; E-Mails: (J.A.M.-S.); (E.G.-R.)
| | - Manuel Salmón
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán 04510, México, D.F., Mexico; E-Mails: (J.A.M.-S.); (E.G.-R.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (R.M.); (M.S.); Tel.: +52-55-5622-4405 (M.S.); Fax: +52-55-5616-2217 (M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pérez-Caballero G, Jiménez-Cruz F, Matamoros PH, García JG, Cortés-Guzmán F, Miranda R. Electronic substituent effects in the electron impact mass spectrometry of 2-(arylazo)-4-phenylphenols. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2005; 19:2563-8. [PMID: 16106351 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.2095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A mass spectrometric study of a set of six novel 2-(arylazo)-4-phenylphenols 1-6 was performed. The electron impact spectra were acquired and analyzed for five of the compounds in order to establish a fragmentation pattern. The suggested pathways were investigated and confirmed by means of tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) experiments together with high-resolution accurate mass data. However, the sixth molecule, a sodium sulfonate salt, was studied using fast atom bombardment (FAB) ionization in positive and negative modes. In addition, some electronic substituent effects were investigated by analyzing Hammett-McLafferty linear free energy correlations for some peaks derived from the corresponding molecular ions. Also, the role of the O-H...N hydrogen bond present in the target compounds was analyzed. The roles of these H-bonds were consistent with the corresponding acidity constant values obtained experimentally as well as by theoretical quantum chemistry calculations using HF/6-31 + G(d,p) and B3LYP/6-31G(d,p). Some spectrometric data were correlated with topological properties derived from the atoms-in-molecules (AIM) theory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Pérez-Caballero
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Campo 1, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. 1ro de Mayo s/n, Col. Santa María de las Torres, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México CP 54740.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Le Lagadec R, Rubio L, Velasco L, Pérez-Flores J, Miranda R, Cabrera A. Mass spectrometric studies of cyclopentanol derivatives in the reductive coupling of alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones assisted by samarium diiodide. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2003; 17:1699-1702. [PMID: 12872273 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The mass spectrometric fragmentations of a series of cyclopentanol derivatives in positive fast-atom bombardment (FAB(+)) mode were investigated. The corresponding pathways proposed were confirmed by MS/MS data obtained using linked scans at constant B/E, high-resolution accurate mass data, and comparisons with corresponding information for a specifically deuterated molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Le Lagadec
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04511 México DF, Mexico.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|