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Mananga ES, Charpentier T. Floquet–Magnus expansion for general N-coupled spins systems in magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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2
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Wang L, Zhou DH. High-resolution proton CRAMPS NMR using narrowband analog filters and postponed data acquisition. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2013; 234:141-146. [PMID: 23876780 PMCID: PMC3763936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2013.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Proton linewidths decrease with increasing magic-angle spinning (MAS) rates. However, without spin dilution by deuteration, even with the fastest MAS rates available today, the narrowest proton linewidths are obtained by using the combined rotation and multiple pulse spectroscopy (CRAMPS) method. Direct observation under windowed CRAMPS typically introduces several tens of times more noise, partly because wideband analog filters (e.g. 5 MHz) must be used or sometimes even bypassed. Here we report that it is possible to keep using narrowband analog filters (about 50 kHz cutoff frequency) in CRAMPS by taking advantage of the time delay caused by the filters, which is inversely proportional to the cutoff frequency. This delay coincides with typical CRAMPS cycle times, enabling acquisition of the data point in the next detection window. The noise of such CRAMPS spectra is only about 5 times larger than MAS-only spectra. This new method allows CRAMPS to be performed on systems that lack wideline hardware (wideband filters and fast ADCs), for example, older spectrometers originally intended for solution NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Wang
- Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Donghua H. Zhou
- Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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Salager E, Dumez JN, Emsley L, Levitt MH. A scaling factor theorem for homonuclear dipolar decoupling in solid-state NMR spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2011; 212:11-16. [PMID: 21763165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2011.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A relationship between the dipolar and the chemical-shift scaling factors of cyclic radio-frequency irradiation schemes is introduced. This scaling factor theorem is derived analytically using Average Hamiltonian Theory, and its validity is illustrated numerically with homonuclear dipolar decoupling sequences generated randomly, and with the analysis of existing sequences. While derived for a static sample, the theorem provides insight into homonuclear dipolar decoupling schemes that combine radio-frequency irradiation with fast rotation of the sample at the magic-angle with respect to the static magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Salager
- Université de Lyon, CNRS/ENS-Lyon/UCB-Lyon 1, Centre de RMN à très hauts champs, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
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6
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Salager E, Dumez JN, Stein RS, Steuernagel S, Lesage A, Elena-Herrmann B, Emsley L. Homonuclear dipolar decoupling with very large scaling factors for high-resolution ultrafast magic angle spinning 1H solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2010.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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FRITZHANNS TILO, DEMCO DE, HAFNER SIEGFRIED, SPIESS HANSW. Multi-dimensional1H NMR nuclear Overhauser spectroscopy under magic angle spinning: theory and application to elastomers. Mol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00268979909482895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Brown SP. Recent Advances in Solid-State MAS NMR Methodology for Probing Structure and Dynamics in Polymeric and Supramolecular Systems. Macromol Rapid Commun 2009; 30:688-716. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200800816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2008] [Accepted: 02/06/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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9
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Wang X, Gu Q, Sun Q, Zhou D, Sun P, Xue G. Characterization of Polymer Compatibility by 1H Dipolar Filter Solid-State NMR under Fast Magic Angle Spinning. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma071823c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China, and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Gu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China, and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Sun
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China, and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongshan Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China, and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingchuan Sun
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China, and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Gi Xue
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China, and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
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Li B, Xu L, Wu Q, Chen T, Sun P, Jin Q, Ding D, Wang X, Xue G, Shi AC. Various Types of Hydrogen Bonds, Their Temperature Dependence and Water−Polymer Interaction in Hydrated Poly(Acrylic Acid) as Revealed by 1H Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma070485c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baohui Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and College of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Co-ordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Lu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and College of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Co-ordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Qiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and College of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Co-ordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Tiehong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and College of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Co-ordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Pingchuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and College of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Co-ordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Qinghua Jin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and College of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Co-ordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Datong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and College of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Co-ordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and College of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Co-ordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Gi Xue
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and College of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Co-ordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - An-Chang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and College of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Co-ordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
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11
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Bertmer M, Wang M, Demco DE, Blümich B. Segmental mobility in short-chain grafted-PDMS by homo- and heteronuclear residual dipolar couplings. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2006; 30:45-54. [PMID: 16516447 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2006.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2005] [Revised: 01/26/2006] [Accepted: 01/27/2006] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Different homo- ((1)H-(1)H) and heteronuclear ((1)H-(13)C) multiple quantum solid-state NMR experiments were applied to a series of short poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) chains grafted onto hydrophilic silica. The existence and clear separation of a strongly dipolar coupled region which is attributed to the silica-PDMS interface and a weakly dipolar coupled region attributed to the mobile chain portions outside the interface is evident in all experiments. In a sample series with different average chain lengths the residual dipolar couplings and with that the average order parameters are constant for the interface part and correlate for the mobile part linearly with the average chain length. Temperature dependent studies using (1)H double quantum experiments indicate the different stages of immobilization of the polymer chains. Solid-state NMR techniques therefore can give detailed information about the microscopic structure of this material and especially the effect of chain anchoring. It is also demonstrated that sample rotation influences the mobility of the mobile component and therefore the analysis of such materials should always be done under static conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Bertmer
- Institute of Technical Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Worringer Weg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany.
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12
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Ye G, Janzen N, Goward GR. Solid-State NMR Study of Two Classic Proton Conducting Polymers: Nafion and Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone)s. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0523825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Ye
- Department of Chemistry and The Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - N. Janzen
- Department of Chemistry and The Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - G. R. Goward
- Department of Chemistry and The Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
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13
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Zhou DH, Graesser DT, Franks WT, Rienstra CM. Sensitivity and resolution in proton solid-state NMR at intermediate deuteration levels: quantitative linewidth characterization and applications to correlation spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2006; 178:297-307. [PMID: 16289756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2005.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2005] [Revised: 10/14/2005] [Accepted: 10/16/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a systematic study of proton linewidths in rigid solids as a function of sample spinning frequency and proton density, with the latter controlled by the ratio of protonated and perdeuterated model compounds. We find that the linewidth correlates more closely with the overall proton density (rho(H)) than the size of local clusters of (1)H spins. At relatively high magic-angle spinning (MAS) rates, the linewidth depends linearly upon the inverse MAS rate. In the limit of infinite spinning rate and/or zero proton concentration, the linewidth extrapolates to a non-zero value, owing to contributions from scalar couplings, chemical shift dispersion, and B(0) field inhomogeneity. The slope of this line depends on the overall concentration of unexchangeable protons in the sample and the spinning rate. At up to 30% protonation levels ( approximately 2 (1)H/100A(3)), proton detection experiments are demonstrated to have a substantial (2- to 3-fold) sensitivity gain over corresponding (13)C-detected experiments. Within this range, the absolute sensitivity increases with protonation level; the optimal compromise between sensitivity and resolution is in the range of 20-30% protonation. We illustrate the use of dilute protons for polarization transfer to and from low-gamma spins within 5A, and to be utilized as both magnetization source and detection spins. The intermediate protonation regime enhances relaxation properties, which we expect will enable new types of (1)H correlation pulse sequences to be implemented with improved resolution and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghua H Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Fagan AJ, Davies GR, Hutchison JMS, Glasser FP, Lurie DJ. Development of a 3-D, multi-nuclear continuous wave NMR imaging system. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2005; 176:140-50. [PMID: 16002306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2005.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2004] [Revised: 04/28/2005] [Accepted: 05/30/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of a 3-D, multi-nuclear continuous wave NMR imaging (CW-NMRI) system is described and its imaging capability is demonstrated on a range of materials exhibiting extremely short T(2) relaxation values. A variety of radiofrequency resonators were constructed and incorporated into a new gradient and field offset coil assembly, while the overall system design was modified to minimise microphonic noise which was present in an earlier prototype system. The chemically combined (27)Al in a high temperature refractory cement was imaged, and the CW-NMRI system was found to be sensitive to small differences in (27)Al content in these samples. The penetration of (23)Na in salt water into samples of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) was investigated, with enhanced uptake observed for samples with larger pore size distributions. The solid (13)C component in a carbonated cement sample was also imaged, as were the (7)Li nuclei in a sample of powdered Li(2)CO(3). A spatial resolution of 1mm was measured in an image of a rigid polymeric material exhibiting a principal T( *)(2) value of 16.3 micros. Finally, a high-resolution 3-D image of this rigid polymer is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Fagan
- Department of Bio-Medical Physics and Bio-Engineering, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
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15
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Ando S, Harris RK, Hazendonk P, Wormald P. Selective NMR Pulse Sequences for the Study of Solid Hydrogen-Containing Fluoropolymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200400517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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New developments of NMR spectroscopy applied to zeolite catalysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-2991(04)80758-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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17
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Lupulescu A, Kotecha M, Frydman L. Relaxation-assisted separation of chemical sites in NMR spectroscopy of static solids. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:3376-83. [PMID: 12630893 DOI: 10.1021/ja021173m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We discuss the potential use of relaxation times toward the resolution of inequivalent chemical sites in the NMR spectroscopy of powdered or disordered samples. This proposal is motivated by the significant differences that can often be detected in the relaxation behavior of sites in solids, particularly when focusing on NMR observations of quadrupolar nuclei possessing different coordination and/or dynamic environments. It is shown that in these cases the implementation of a non-negative least-squares analysis on relaxation data sets enables the bidimensional resolution of overlapping powder line shapes, even when dealing with static samples. In combination with signal-enhancement methodologies such as the quadrupolar Carr-Purcell Meiboom-Gill train, such relaxation-assisted separations open up valuable routes toward the high-resolution characterization of systems involving insensitive (e.g., low-gamma) nuclei. The principles and limitations of the 2D NMR approach resulting from these considerations are discussed, and their potential is exemplified with a variety of static and spinning investigations. Their extension to other nuclear systems where spectral resolution is problematic, such as protons in organic solids, is also briefly considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adonis Lupulescu
- Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of Sciences, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
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18
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Hafner S, Demco DE. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy under periodic modulation by fast magic-angle sample spinning and pulses: a review. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2002; 22:247-274. [PMID: 12469814 DOI: 10.1006/snmr.2002.0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Fast magic-angle spinning (MAS) holds promise for new approaches to pulsed high-resolution NMR in solids where homogeneous interactions dominate. Prerequisite for developing new pulse methods is the understanding of signal encoding by spin interactions under MAS conditions and of interferences between MAS and pulses. This review discusses corresponding strategies and techniques in a coherent way with particular concentration on homonuclear decoupling techniques for line-narrowing in solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hafner
- Varian Deutschland GmbH, Alsfelderstrasse 6, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
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Wei Y, Lee DK, McDermott AE, Ramamoorthy A. A 2D MAS solid-state NMR method to recover the amplified heteronuclear dipolar and chemical shift anisotropic interactions. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2002; 158:23-35. [PMID: 12419668 DOI: 10.1016/s1090-7807(02)00056-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A two-dimensional solid-state NMR method for the measurement of chemical shift anisotropy tensors of X nuclei (15N or 13C) from multiple sites of a polypeptide powder sample is presented. This method employs rotor-synchronized pi pulses to amplify the magnitude of the inhomogeneous X-CSA and 1H-X dipolar coupling interactions. A combination of on-resonance and magic angle rf irradiation of protons is used to vary the ratio of the magnitudes of the 1H-X dipolar and X-CSA interactions which are recovered under MAS, in addition to suppressing the 1H-1H dipolar interactions. The increased number of spinning sidebands in the recovered anisotropic interactions is useful to determine the CSA tensors accurately. The performance of this method is examined for powder samples of N-acetyl-(15)N-L-valine (NAV), N-acetyl-15N-L-valyl-15N-L-leucine (NAVL), and alpha-13C-L-leucine. The sources of experimental errors in the measurement of CSA tensors and the application of the pulse sequences under high-field fast MAS operations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Biophysics Research Division and Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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21
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Brown SP, Spiess HW. Advanced solid-state NMR methods for the elucidation of structure and dynamics of molecular, macromolecular, and supramolecular systems. Chem Rev 2001; 101:4125-56. [PMID: 11740929 DOI: 10.1021/cr990132e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S P Brown
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Postfach 3148, D-55021 Mainz, Germany
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FILIP CLAUDIU, BERTMER MARKO, DEMCO DANE, BLÜMICH BERNHARD. Application of the Floquet theory to multiple quantum NMR of dipolar-coupled multi-spin systems under magic angle spinning. Mol Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970110060118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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23
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Reif B, Jaroniec CP, Rienstra CM, Hohwy M, Griffin RG. 1H-1H MAS correlation spectroscopy and distance measurements in a deuterated peptide. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2001; 151:320-327. [PMID: 11531354 DOI: 10.1006/jmre.2001.2354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In this Communication, we demonstrate the use of deuteration together with back substitution of exchangeable protons as a means of attenuating the strong 1H-1H couplings that broaden 1H magic angle spinning (MAS) spectra of solids. The approach facilitates 15N-1H correlation experiments as well as experiments for the measurement of 1H-1H distances. The distance measurement relies on the excellent resolution in the 1H MAS spectrum and homonuclear double quantum recoupling techniques. The 1H-1H dipolar recoupling can be analyzed in an analytical fashion by fitting the data to a 2- or 3-spin system. The experiments are performed on a sample of the dipeptide N-Ac-Val-Leu-OH, which was synthesized from uniformly [2H, 15N] labeled materials and back-exchanged in H2O.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Reif
- Department of Chemistry and MIT/Harvard Center for Magnetic Resonance, Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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24
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Siegel R, Hirschinger J, Carlier D, Matar S, Ménétrier M, Delmas C. 59Co and 6,7Li MAS NMR in Polytypes O2 and O3 of LiCoO2. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp003832s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Bain AD, Dumont RS. Introduction to Floquet theory: The calculation of spinning sideband intensities in magic-angle spinning NMR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/cmr.1006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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26
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Filip C, Hafner S. Analysis of multiple-pulse techniques under fast MAS conditions. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2000; 147:250-260. [PMID: 11097816 DOI: 10.1006/jmre.2000.2189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The combination of magic-angle spinning and multiple-pulse sequences for line-narrowing in solids with homogeneous spin interactions is analyzed using Floquet theory. It is found that, for quasi-static conditions and for special synchronization conditions, line-narrowing is possible while for other conditions destructive interference of the two techniques takes place. However, even for optimum line-narrowing conditions, fundamental limitations with respect to the achievable linewidth are found, whereas the conditions of recoupling spin interactions are more easily realized. The implications of these results with respect to improving existing line-narrowing techniques or techniques for the design of specific Hamiltonians are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Filip
- National R&D Institute for Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, RO-3400 Cluj, Romania
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Shantz DF, Schmedt auf der Günne J, Koller H, Lobo RF. Multiple-Quantum 1H MAS NMR Studies of Defect Sites in As-Made All-Silica ZSM-12 Zeolite. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja000374s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F. Shantz
- Contribution from the Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Jörn Schmedt auf der Günne
- Contribution from the Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Hubert Koller
- Contribution from the Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Raul F. Lobo
- Contribution from the Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
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Hartmann P, Zwanziger JW, Jäger C. Through-bond connectivity in solids by continuous-wave spin lock. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2000; 16:189-197. [PMID: 10868571 DOI: 10.1016/s0926-2040(00)00074-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A simple two-dimensional correlation experiment that enables determination of through-bond connectivity in the solid state is described. The experiment is performed under fast magic angle spinning (MAS) conditions. After the initial pi/2 pulse, the magnetization develops freely under the MAS Hamiltonian. The t1-period is followed by a strong spin locking pulse used as mixing period. The dipolar coupling is averaged out by magic angle spinning, and the chemical shifts and r.f.-offsets are scaled by the applied spin locking field. Hence, for strong locking conditions, the isotropic J-coupling is the dominant interaction. The mixing Hamiltonian is thus identical to the well-known TOCSY-Hamiltonian, resulting in a net through-bond magnetization transfer. The mixing-time dependence of the exchange rates is investigated. Applications to crystalline P4S7 and MgP4O11 are shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hartmann
- Institut für Optik und Quantenelektronik, Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena, Germany.
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McElheny D, DeVita E, Frydman L. Heteronuclear local field NMR spectroscopy under fast magic-angle sample spinning conditions. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2000; 143:321-328. [PMID: 10729258 DOI: 10.1006/jmre.1999.1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The acquisition of bidimensional heteronuclear nuclear magnetic resonance local field spectra under moderately fast magic-angle spinning (MAS) conditions is discussed. It is shown both experimentally and with the aid of numerical simulations on multispin systems that when sufficiently fast MAS rates are employed, quantitative dipolar sideband patterns from directly bonded spin pairs can be acquired in the absence of (1)H-(1)H multiple-pulse homonuclear decoupling even for "real" organic solids. The MAS speeds involved are well within the range of commercially available systems (10-14 kHz) and provide sidebands with sufficient intensity to enable a reliable quantification of heteronuclear dipolar couplings from methine groups. Simulations and experiments show that useful information can be extracted in this manner even from more tightly coupled -CH(2)- moieties, although the agreement with the patterns simulated solely on the basis of heteronuclear interactions is not in this case as satisfactory as for methines. Preliminary applications of this simple approach to the analysis of molecular motions in solids are presented; characteristics and potential extensions of the method are also discussed. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- D McElheny
- Department of Chemistry (M/C 111), University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061, USA
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Alemany LB, Steuernagel S, Amoureux JP, Callender RL, Barron AR. Very fast MAS and MQMAS NMR studies of the spectroscopically challenging minerals kyanite and andalusite on 400, 500, and 800 MHz spectrometers. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 1999; 14:1-18. [PMID: 10408271 DOI: 10.1016/s0926-2040(99)00011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The well-characterized minerals kyanite and andalusite have long presented great challenges in using solid state 27Al NMR to determine the isotropic chemical shift deltaCS, quadrupole coupling constant e2qQ/h, and asymmetry parameter eta for each of the inequivalent aluminum sites in these minerals. Indeed, these minerals have frequently been used to test advances in instrumentation. Recent advances in magnet technology (up to 18.8 T = 800 MHz 1H) and in MAS probe technology (spinning up to 35 kHz and considerably stronger rf) and refinements of the two-dimensional, multiple quantum magic angle spinning (MQMAS) technique suggested that these developments could be profitably used to study kyanite and andalusite by solid state 27Al NMR. The benefit of being able to study kyanite both by MAS and MQMAS techniques on 400, 500, and 800 MHz spectrometers is demonstrated. The two octahedral aluminum sites with the largest (and nearly equal) e2qQ/h values give overlapping 1D MAS or 2D 3QMAS signals at all three field strengths. Nevertheless, quantitatively accurate 3Q signal intensities at 9.4 T for all four octahedral aluminum sites (with e2qQ/h values up to 10 MHz) allow more detailed analysis. Even if the 3Q signal intensities are not quantitative, their isotropic shifts provide an approach (if accurate e2qQ/h and eta values are available) other than deconvolution of the MAS spectrum for calculating deltaCS values. For andalusite, 34 kHz MAS on the 800 MHz spectrometer significantly narrows the extremely broad signal for the octahedral aluminum, and only slight difficulties are encountered in quantitating the relative amounts of AlO5 and AlO6 present. Even with e2qQ/h = 15.3 MHz, the octahedral aluminum in andalusite gives a signal in a MQMAS experiment, albeit of reduced intensity. As appropriate, we discuss some of the benefits and limitations of these advances in instrumentation and of different experimental approaches for studying non-integral spin quadrupolar nuclei in solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Alemany
- Rice University, Department of Chemistry, Houston, TX 77005-1892, USA
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Bertani P, Raya J, Reinheimer P, Gougeon R, Delmotte L, Hirschinger J. 19F/29Si distance determination in fluoride-containing octadecasil by Hartmann-Hahn cross-polarization under fast magic-angle spinning. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 1999; 13:219-229. [PMID: 10378431 DOI: 10.1016/s0926-2040(98)00093-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
19F/29Si Hartmann-Hahn continuous wave cross-polarization (CP) has been applied under fast magic-angle spinning (MAS) to a powder sample of octadecasil. Strong oscillations occur during CP on a sideband matching condition between the isolated 29Si-19F spin pairs formed by the silicons in the D4R units and the fluoride anions. The magnitude of the dipolar coupling constant was deduced directly from the line-splitting between the intense singularities of the Pake-like patterns obtained by Fourier transformation of the oscillatory polarization transfer. The corresponding Si-F internuclear distance, r = 2.62 +/- 0.05 A, is found to be in very good agreement with the X-ray crystal structure and the value of 2.69 +/- 0.04 A recently reported from rotational echo double resonance (REDOR) and transferred echo double resonance (TEDOR) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. Furthermore, the CP technique is still reliable under fast MAS where both REDOR and TEDOR sequences suffer from severe artefacts due to finite pulse lengths. In octadecasil, a spinning frequency of approximately 14 kHz is shown to be necessary for an effective suppression of 19F-19F spin diffusion. The influences of experimental missettings and radiofrequency (RF) field inhomogeneity are taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bertani
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7510 CNRS, Bruker, Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France
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Filip C, Hafner S, Schnell I, Demco DE, Spiess HW. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of dipolar-coupled multi-spin systems under fast magic angle spinning. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.478135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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FRIEDRICH ULLI, SCHNELL INGO, BROWN STEVENP, LUPULESCU ADONIS, DEMCO DANE, SPIESS HANSWOLFGANG. Spinning-sideband patterns in multiple-quantum magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy. Mol Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/00268979809483252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Fritzhanns T, Hafner S, Demco DE, Spiess HW, Laukien FH. Pulsed field gradient selection in two-dimensional magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy of dipolar solids. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 1998; 134:355-359. [PMID: 9761710 DOI: 10.1006/jmre.1998.1528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The utility of gradient selection in MAS spectroscopy of dipolar solids is explored in two examples. In the first, rotor-synchronized gradients of appropriate strength and duration are applied to select 1H double-quantum coherences. The resulting DQ MAS spectrum of adamantane is compared with that acquired by the corresponding phase-cycling technique. As a second example, a 1H 2D exchange MAS experiment is performed on an elastomer sample. In this experiment, a gradient is applied to remove undesired coherences that would otherwise distort the spectrum for short mixing times. The diagonal-peak intensities in the resulting spectrum show a linear decrease with increasing mixing time indicating cross-relaxation by slow chain motions as the relevant process. Both types of experiments demonstrate the potential of gradient-selection techniques for MAS spectroscopy of dipolar solids. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fritzhanns
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Polymerforschung, Mainz, D-55021, Germany
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Graf R, Demco DE, Hafner S, Spiess HW. Selective residual dipolar couplings in cross-linked elastomers by 1H double-quantum NMR spectroscopy. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 1998; 12:139-152. [PMID: 9809786 DOI: 10.1016/s0926-2040(98)00058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
1H double-quantum (DQ) solid-state NMR spectroscopy under fast magic-angle spinning (MAS) is introduced as a new spectroscopic tool for the investigation of the structure and local chain dynamics of elastomers. Dipolar connectivities between the protons of the various functional groups can be directly established from the highly resolved DQ solid-state NMR spectra as is shown for a series of cross-linked poly(styrene-co-butadiene). More quantitatively, residual dipolar couplings within and between the functional groups are evaluated selectively from the build-up curves of the double-quantum signals in the limit of the spin-pair approximation. In particular, the CH-CH and the CH2-CH couplings of butadiene, which both act predominantly along the chain-segment direction, have been measured relative to the CH2 coupling. The total build-up intensity is correlated with the cross-link density.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Graf
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Mainz, Germany
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Schnell I, Lupulescu A, Hafner S, Demco DE, Spiess HW. Resolution enhancement in multiple-quantum MAS NMR spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 1998; 133:61-9. [PMID: 9654469 DOI: 10.1006/jmre.1998.1432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Two techniques for resolution and sensitivity enhancement are introduced in multiple-quantum (MQ) MAS spectroscopy of rigid solids. The first makes use of ultrafast MAS with spinning frequencies of up to 35 kHz, while the second combines MAS at moderately fast spinning frequencies of about 13 kHz with multiple-pulse (MP) dipolar decoupling. For the latter approach, a semiwindowless WHH-4 sequence is applied during the MQ evolution period (MQ dimension) and/or detection period (single-quantum dimension). In the MQ dimension, the MP sequence has to be supplemented by two bracketing pulses in order to preserve the order and the intensities of the evolving MQ coherences. Double-quantum 1H NMR spectra of l-alanine recorded using both decoupling techniques are shown and compared to each other. Triple-quantum 1H NMR spectra under ultrafast MAS conditions are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Schnell
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Mainz, D-55021, Germany
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