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Hoshing R, Saladino M, Kuhn H, Caianiello D, Lusi RF, Basu A. An Improved Protocol for the Synthesis and Purification of Yariv Reagents. J Org Chem 2020; 85:16236-16242. [PMID: 33084327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Yariv reagents are glycoconjugate tris-azo dyes widely used in plant biology. These reagents are synthesized by diazo coupling between phloroglucinol and a para-diazophenyl glycoside. Despite their synthetic accessibility, well-defined protocols for obtaining pure Yariv reagents, and their complete compound characterization data, have not been reported. We report here optimized protocols used to synthesize, purify, and characterize a panel of six Yariv reagents and suggest approaches that could be valuable for the purification and characterization of other glycoconjugates as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghuraj Hoshing
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Michael Saladino
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Helene Kuhn
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - David Caianiello
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Robert F Lusi
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Amit Basu
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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2
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Feng W, Zhang XG. Organophosphine-free copper-catalyzed isothiocyanation of amines with sodium bromodifluoroacetate and sulfur. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:1144-1147. [PMID: 30632549 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09190k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed isothiocyanation of amines with sodium bromodifluoroacetate and sulfur in the absence of organophosphine has been established. This approach represents a simple and efficient one-pot synthesis of isothiocyanates, and features excellent functional group tolerance and the use of a cheap, safe and odorless sulfur source. Moreover, this process could directly provide isothiocyanate analogous bioactive molecules, thiocarbonyl-containing pesticides and facile construction of benzoxazole and benzimidazole frames.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Xing-Guo Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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3
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Yuan SS, Li ML, Chen JS, Zhou L, Zhou W. Application of Mono- and Disaccharides in Drug Targeting and Efficacy. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:764-778. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Si S. Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; E. 232 University Town, Waihuan Road Panyu Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Mao L. Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; E. 232 University Town, Waihuan Road Panyu Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Jian S. Chen
- College of Horticulture; South China Agricultural University; 483 Wushan Road Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Li Zhou
- College of Science; Hunan Agricultural University; Furong Road Changsha 410128 China
| | - Wen Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; E. 232 University Town, Waihuan Road Panyu Guangzhou 510006 China
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Pinapati S, Mandapati U, Rudraraju RR. Iron-Mediated Desulphurization Towards the Synthesis of 2-Halo Aromatic Isothiocyanates. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasarao Pinapati
- Department of Chemistry; Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna nagar; Guntur, Andhra Pradesh India- 522510
| | - Usharani Mandapati
- Department of Chemistry; Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna nagar; Guntur, Andhra Pradesh India- 522510
| | - Ramesh Raju Rudraraju
- Department of Chemistry; Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna nagar; Guntur, Andhra Pradesh India- 522510
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5
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Ahire JH, Behray M, Webster CA, Wang Q, Sherwood V, Saengkrit N, Ruktanonchai U, Woramongkolchai N, Chao Y. Synthesis of Carbohydrate Capped Silicon Nanoparticles and their Reduced Cytotoxicity, In Vivo Toxicity, and Cellular Uptake. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:1877-86. [PMID: 26121084 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of smart targeted nanoparticles (NPs) that can identify and deliver drugs at a sustained rate directly to cancer cells may provide better efficacy and lower toxicity for treating primary and advanced metastatic tumors. Obtaining knowledge of the diseases at the molecular level can facilitate the identification of biological targets. In particular, carbohydrate-mediated molecular recognitions using nano-vehicles are likely to increasingly affect cancer treatment methods, opening a new area in biomedical applications. Here, silicon NPs (SiNPs) capped with carbohydrates including galactose, glucose, mannose, and lactose are successfully synthesized from amine terminated SiNPs. The MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] analysis shows an extensive reduction in toxicity of SiNPs by functionalizing with carbohydrate moiety both in vitro and in vivo. Cellular uptake is investigated with flow cytometry and confocal fluorescence microscope. The results show the carbohydrate capped SiNPs can be internalized in the cells within 24 h of incubation, and can be taken up more readily by cancer cells than noncancerous cells. Moreover, these results reinforce the use of carbohydrates for the internalization of a variety of similar compounds into cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehrnaz Behray
- School of Chemistry; University of East Anglia; Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Carl A. Webster
- School of Pharmacy; University of East Anglia; Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Chemistry; University of East Anglia; Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | | | - Nattika Saengkrit
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC); National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA); Pathumthani 12120 Thailand
| | - Uracha Ruktanonchai
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC); National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA); Pathumthani 12120 Thailand
| | - Noppawan Woramongkolchai
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC); National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA); Pathumthani 12120 Thailand
| | - Yimin Chao
- School of Chemistry; University of East Anglia; Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
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6
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Halperin SD, Britton R. Chlorine, an atom economical auxiliary for asymmetric aldol reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:1702-5. [PMID: 23370443 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob27462d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An auxiliary strategy has been developed for asymmetric reactions of aldehydes in which the auxiliary itself is not chiral, but a single chlorine atom introduced via organocatalytic α-chlorination. The stereodirecting influence of the chlorine atom is then exploited prior to its removal by radical reduction. This strategy is demonstrated in the synthesis of several aldols (92-99% ee) and the natural products (+)-dihydroyashabushiketol and (+)-solistatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shira D Halperin
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, V55 1S6
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Wang Y, Gao J, Gu G, Li G, Cui C, Sun B, Lou H. In situ RBL receptor visualization and its mediated anticancer activity for solasodine rhamnosides. Chembiochem 2011; 12:2418-20. [PMID: 21953983 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Kurhade SE, Mengawade T, Bhuniya D, Palle VP, Reddy DS. Synthesis of novel sugar-lactam conjugates using the Aubé reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:744-7. [PMID: 21082141 DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00719f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suresh E Kurhade
- Discovery Chemistry, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd., Quantum Towers, Plot No. 9, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Phase-I, Hinjewadi, Pune, 411057, India
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Bellucci MC, Ghilardi A, Volonterio A. Three-component, one-pot sequential synthesis of glyco-hydantoin conjugates. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:8379-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06312j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Zhang J, Zhang QS, Tian GY. Study on Synthesis of Multivalent Neoglycoproteins and Their Binding Properties to Hepatic Stellate Cells. CHINESE J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.20030210725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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El-Boubbou K, Zhu DC, Vasileiou C, Borhan B, Prosperi D, Li W, Huang X. Magnetic glyco-nanoparticles: a tool to detect, differentiate, and unlock the glyco-codes of cancer via magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:4490-9. [PMID: 20201530 DOI: 10.1021/ja100455c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Within cancer, there is a large wealth of diversity, complexity, and information that nature has engineered rendering it challenging to identify reliable detection methods. Therefore, the development of simple and effective techniques to delineate the fine characteristics of cancer cells can have great potential impacts on cancer diagnosis and treatment. Herein, we report a magnetic glyco-nanoparticle (MGNP) based nanosensor system bearing carbohydrates as the ligands, not only to detect and differentiate cancer cells but also to quantitatively profile their carbohydrate binding abilities by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Using an array of MGNPs, a range of cells including closely related isogenic tumor cells, cells with different metastatic potential and malignant vs normal cells can be readily distinguished based on their respective "MRI signatures". Furthermore, the information obtained from such studies helped guide the establishment of strongly binding MGNPs as antiadhesive agents against tumors. As the interactions between glyco-conjugates and endogenous lectins present on cancer cell surface are crucial for cancer development and metastasis, the ability to characterize and unlock the glyco-code of individual cell lines can facilitate both the understanding of the roles of carbohydrates as well as the expansion of diagnostic and therapeutic tools for cancer.
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Jamir L, Ali AR, Ghosh H, Chipem FAS, Patel BK. The thiocarbonyl ‘S’ is softer than thiolate ‘S’: A catalyst-free one-pot synthesis of isothiocyanates in water. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:1674-8. [DOI: 10.1039/b923336a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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14
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Nath J, Ghosh H, Yella R, Patel BK. Molecular Iodine Mediated Preparation of Isothiocyanates from Dithiocarbamic Acid Salts. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200801270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ellis BD, Macdonald CLB. Phosphorus(I) Iodide: A Versatile Metathesis Reagent for the Synthesis of Low Oxidation State Phosphorus Compounds. Inorg Chem 2006; 45:6864-74. [PMID: 16903744 DOI: 10.1021/ic060186o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An improved method for the synthesis of cyclic low oxidation state P cations is presented. The only byproducts of the reaction of phosphorus triiodide with chelating phosphines are readily removed, resulting in an easily accessible P(I) reagent with an anion that can be readily replaced through salt metathesis chemistry. These P(I) salts are surprisingly stable, even in O2 and moisture, and the origin of this unusual stability is elucidated using density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobby D Ellis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
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Chen EX, Batist G, Siu LL, Bangash N, Maclean M, McIntosh L, Miller WH, Oza AM, Lathia C, Petrenciuc O, Seymour L. Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of Bay 38-3441, a camptothecin glycoconjugate, administered as a 30-minute infusion daily for five days every 3 weeks in patients with advanced solid malignancies. Invest New Drugs 2005; 23:455-65. [PMID: 16133797 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-005-2905-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bay 38-3441 is a camptothecin glycoconjugate which stabilizes the active lactone form of camptothecin and allows selective uptake into tumor cells. We conducted a phase I study of Bay 38-3441 administered as a 30-minute infusion daily for five consecutive days every 21 days. Thirty-one patients were enrolled at 8 dose levels. Most common nonhematologic side effects were diarrhea (29%), vomiting (19%), nausea (19%), lethargy (13%), and abdominal pain (10%). The main hematologic toxicity was prolonged neutropenia. Nine patients had a best response of stable disease with a median duration of 2.7 months (range: 2.3-20.6 months). The study was closed without reaching the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) due to excessive toxicity in a companion trial resulting in termination of development of this agent. Bay 38-3441 was well tolerated in this study with granulocytopenia as the main hematologic toxicity. This study showed that glycoconjugation is a feasible delivery technique for camptothecin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric X Chen
- National Cancer Institute of Canada, Clinical Trials Group, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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Kim EYL, Gronewold C, Chatterjee A, von der Lieth CW, Kliem C, Schmauser B, Wiessler M, Frei E. Oligosaccharide Mimics Containing Galactose and Fucose Specifically Label Tumour Cell Surfaces and Inhibit Cell Adhesion to Fibronectin. Chembiochem 2005; 6:422-31. [PMID: 15651048 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200400092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
With the aim of establishing a versatile and easy synthesis of branched saccharides for biological applications, we used molecular-dynamics simulations to model Lewis(y) to two classes of di- or triantennary saccharide mimetics. One set of mimetics was based on 1,3,5-tris(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane (TMC) as the core, the other on furan, and both were derivatised with galactose and/or fucose. The TMC-based saccharides were biotinylated, while the furan disaccharides were treated with maleimide-activated biotin in a Diels-Alder fashion to yield oxazatricyclodecanes (OTDs). These were then assayed as cell-surface labels in human colon (SW480 and CaCo-2), liver (PLC), Glia (U333 CG 343) and ovary (SKOV-3) tumour cell lines. Discrete staining patterns were observed in all cells, usually at one or two poles of the cells, particularly with the asymmetric 3-beta-L-fucopyranosyloxymethyl-4-beta-D-galactopyranosyloxymethyl-OTD. Normal SV40-transformed fibroblasts (SV80) showed no staining. Adhesion of the highly metastatic mouse melanoma line B16 F10 to fibronectin was inhibited by 80 % by the TMC-digalactoside and by 30 % by 3,4-bis-(beta-D-galactopyranosyloxymethyl)furan. None of the saccharide mimetics inhibited the adhesion of the less metastatic B16 F1 line. Migration of B16 F10 cells through Matrigel was greatly inhibited by the TMC-digalactoside and weakly inhibited by the TMC-trigalactoside. The saccharide mimetics that had shown the best structural agreements with the terminal saccharides of Lewis(y) in the molecular dynamics simulation were also the most biologically potent compounds; this underlines the predictive nature of molecular dynamics simulations. The use of the non-saccharide cores enabled us to adapt spacer lengths and terminal saccharides to optimise the structures to bind more avidly to cell-surface lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Y-L Kim
- Molecular Toxicology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Thomas CJ, Rahier NJ, Hecht SM. Camptothecin: current perspectives. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:1585-604. [PMID: 15028252 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2003.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2003] [Accepted: 11/28/2003] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a detailed discussion of recent advances in the medicinal chemistry of camptothecin, a potent antitumor antibiotic. Two camptothecin analogues are presently approved for use in the clinic as antitumor agents and several others are in clinical trials. Camptothecin possesses a novel mechanism of action involving the inhibition of DNA relaxation by DNA topoisomerase I, and more specifically the stabilization of a covalent binary complex formed between topoisomerase I and DNA. This review summarizes the current status of studies of the mechanism of action of camptothecin, including topoisomerase I inhibition and additional cellular responses. Modern synthetic approaches to camptothecin and several of the semi-synthetic methods are also discussed. Finally, a systematic evaluation of novel and important analogues of camptothecin and their contribution to the current structure-activity profile are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig J Thomas
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA
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Ellis BD, Macdonald CLB. Stabilized arsenic(i) iodide: a ready source of arsenic iodide fragments and a useful reagent for the generation of clusters. Inorg Chem 2004; 43:5981-6. [PMID: 15360247 DOI: 10.1021/ic049281s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The new stable low oxidation state arsenic(I) iodide reagent [(dppe)As][I] (dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane) exhibits chemistry that is considerably different from its AsIII analogues. While [(dppe)As][I] is not crystalline, the crystal structure of the derivative salt [(dppe)As][(dppe)As2I7] is reported and is compared to that of [(dppe)As]2[SnCl6] x 2CH2Cl2. The air oxidation of [(dppe)As][I] produces crystals of the salt [Ph2P(O)CH2CH2P(OH)Ph2]2[As6I8] x 2CH2Cl2 and suggests that, in contrast to previous studies, the reaction of the univalent arsenic iodide salt with certain oxidants results in the oxidation of the dppe ligand and the release of "AsI-I" fragments that oligomerize to form AsI clusters. Such reactivity is confirmed by the reaction of 6[(dppe)As][I] with 12Me3NO and 2[PPh4][I] to produce [PPh4]2[As6I8] and 6dppeO2. The reactivity is rationalized using density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobby D Ellis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
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Matsuo T, Kawaguchi H. Triple-Hydrogen-Bridged Dititanium(III) and Dizirconium(IV) Aryloxide Complexes. Organometallics 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/om034147l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Matsuo
- Coordination Chemistry Laboratories, Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kawaguchi
- Coordination Chemistry Laboratories, Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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Lerchen HG, von dem Bruch K. Synthesis of 20-O-linked 20(S)-Camptothecin Glycoconjugates: Impact of the Side Chain of the Ester-linked Amino Acid on Epimerization During the Acylation Reaction and on Hydrolytic Stability of the Final Glycoconjugates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3897(200010)342:8<753::aid-prac753>3.0.co;2-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yi CS, Lee DW, He Z, Rheingold AL, Lam KC, Concolino TE. Acid-Promoted Homogeneous Hydrogenation of Alkenes Catalyzed by the Ruthenium−Hydride Complex (PCy3)2(CO)(Cl)RuH: Evidence for the Formation of 14-Electron Species from the Selective Entrapment of the Phosphine Ligand. Organometallics 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/om000315n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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