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Boysen N, Wree JL, Zanders D, Rogalla D, Öhl D, Schuhmann W, Devi A. High-Performance Iridium Thin Films for Water Splitting by CVD Using New Ir(I) Precursors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:52149-52162. [PMID: 36351209 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Thin films of iridium can be utilized in a wide range of applications and are particularly interesting for catalytic transformations. For the scalable deposition of functional Ir thin films, metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) is the method of choice, for which organometallic precursors that embody a high volatility and thermal stability need to be specifically tailored. Herein, we report the synthesis, analysis, and evaluation of new volatile Ir(I)-1,5-cyclooctadiene complexes bearing all-nitrogen coordinating guanidinate (N,N'-diisopropyl-2-dimethylamido-guanidinate (DPDMG)), amidinate (N,N'-diisopropyl-amidinate (DPAMD)), and formamidinate (N,N'-diisopropyl-formamidinate (DPfAMD)) ligands. The amidinate-based Ir complex [Ir(COD)(DPAMD)] together with O2 was implemented in MOCVD experiments resulting in highly crystalline, dense, and conductive Ir films on a variety of substrate materials. The Ir deposits achieved outstanding electrochemical performance with overpotentials in the range of 50 mV at -10 mA·cm-2 for catalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic solution. The ability to deposit Ir layers via MOCVD exhibiting promising functional properties is a significant step toward large-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Boysen
- Inorganic Materials Chemistry (IMC), Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jan-Lucas Wree
- Inorganic Materials Chemistry (IMC), Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - David Zanders
- Inorganic Materials Chemistry (IMC), Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Denis Öhl
- Analytical Chemistry─Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry─Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Anjana Devi
- Inorganic Materials Chemistry (IMC), Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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Karakovskaya KI, Vikulova ES, Sukhikh TS, Ilyin IY, Morozova NB. Structure and Thermal Properties of Volatile Iridium(I) Complexes with Cyclooctadiene-1,5 and β-Ketohydrazonate Ligands. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476620010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Jürgensen L, Frank M, Graf D, Gessner I, Fischer T, Welter K, Jägermann W, Mathur S. Nanostructured IrOx Coatings for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reactions in PV-EC Setup. Z PHYS CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2019-1450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
New heteroleptic iridium compounds exhibiting high volatility and defined thermal decomposition behavior were developed and tested in plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The iridium precursor [(COD)Ir(TFB-TFEA)] (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene; TFB-TFEA = N-(4,4,4-Trifluorobut-1-en-3-on)-6,6,6-trifluoroethylamin) unifies both reactivity and sufficient stability through its heteroleptic constitution to offer a step-by-step elimination of ligands to provide high compositional purity in CVD deposits. The substitution of neutral COD ligands against CO groups further increased the volatility of the precursor. PECVD experiments with unambiguously characterized Ir compounds (single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis) demonstrated their suitability for an atom-efficient (high molecule-to-precursor yield) gas phase deposition of amorphous iridium oxide (IrOx) phases. Thin films of IrOx were well suited as electrocatalyst in oxygen evolution reaction so that an efficient coupled system in combination with solar cells is viable to perform water-splitting reaction without external bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Jürgensen
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Cologne , Greinstrasse 6, D-50939 Cologne , Germany
| | - Michael Frank
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Cologne , Greinstrasse 6, D-50939 Cologne , Germany
| | - David Graf
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Cologne , Greinstrasse 6, D-50939 Cologne , Germany
| | - Isabel Gessner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Cologne , Greinstrasse 6, D-50939 Cologne , Germany
| | - Thomas Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Cologne , Greinstrasse 6, D-50939 Cologne , Germany
| | | | | | - Sanjay Mathur
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Cologne , Greinstrasse 6, D-50939 Cologne , Germany
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Dorovskikh SI, Vikulova ES, Kal'nyi DB, Shubin YV, Asanov IP, Maximovskiy EA, Gutakovskii AK, Morozova NB, Basova TV. Bimetallic Pt,Ir-containing coatings formed by MOCVD for medical applications. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:69. [PMID: 31165268 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6275-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatible PtxIr(1-x) layers combining high mechanical strength of the iridium component and outstanding corrosion resistance of the platinum component providing reversible charge transfer reactions in the living tissue are one of the important materials required for implantable medical electrodes. The modern trend to complicate the shape and reduce the electrode dimensions includes the challenge to develop precise methods to obtain such bimetallic coatings with enhanced surface area and advanced electrochemical characteristics. Herein, PtxIr(1-x) coatings were firstly obtained on cathode and anode pole tips of endocardial electrodes for pacemakers using chemical vapor deposition technique. To deposit PtxIr(1-x) coatings with a wide range of metal ratios (x = 0.5-0.9) the combination of acetylacetonate-based volatile precursors with compatible thermal characteristics was used for the first time. The expected metal ratio in the coatings was regulated by a partial pressure of the precursor vapors in the reaction zone and was in the good agreement with its real value measured by various methods, including energy-dispersive and wavelength dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. According to the X-ray powder diffraction analysis, PtxIr(1-x) coatings consisted of fcc-PtxIr(1-x) solid solution phases. The microscopy data confirmed the formation of PtxIr1-x coatings with the enhanced surface areas. The effect of electrochemical activation on the surface composition and morphology of the samples was studied. The electrochemical characteristics of samples were estimated from cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data. The charge storage capacity (CSC) values of activated samples were in the range of 19-108 mCcm-2 (phosphate buffer saline solution, 100 mV/s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana I Dorovskikh
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Lavrentiev av. 3., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia.
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Evgeniia S Vikulova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Lavrentiev av. 3., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Danila B Kal'nyi
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Lavrentiev av. 3., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yury V Shubin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Lavrentiev av. 3., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Igor P Asanov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Lavrentiev av. 3., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgeniy A Maximovskiy
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Lavrentiev av. 3., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anton K Gutakovskii
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics SB RAS, Lavrentiev av. 13, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Natalya B Morozova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Lavrentiev av. 3., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Tamara V Basova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Lavrentiev av. 3., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Karakovskaya KI, Vikulova ES, Piryazev DA, Morozova NB. Structure and thermal properties of (1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methyliminopentanoato-2) (cyclooctadiene-1,5)iridium(I). J STRUCT CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476617070216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Jürgensen L, Frank M, Pyeon M, Czympiel L, Mathur S. Subvalent Iridium Precursors for Atom-Efficient Chemical Vapor Deposition of Ir and IrO2 Thin Films. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Jürgensen
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne Greinstrasse 6, D-50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Frank
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne Greinstrasse 6, D-50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Myeongwhun Pyeon
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne Greinstrasse 6, D-50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Lisa Czympiel
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne Greinstrasse 6, D-50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sanjay Mathur
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne Greinstrasse 6, D-50939 Cologne, Germany
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7
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Vasilyev VY, Morozova NB, Basova TV, Igumenov IK, Hassan A. Chemical vapour deposition of Ir-based coatings: chemistry, processes and applications. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra03566j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Iridium-based film precursor chemistry, nucleation and growth at CVD/ALD are reviewed with numerical characterization of the growth features in 3D objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Yu. Vasilyev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State Technical University
| | - N. B. Morozova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
| | - T. V. Basova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University
| | - I. K. Igumenov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
| | - A. Hassan
- Materials and Engineering Research Institute
- Sheffield Hallam University
- Sheffield S1 1WB
- UK
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8
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Gaur R, Mishra L, Siddiqi MA, Atakan B. Ruthenium complexes as precursors for chemical vapor-deposition (CVD). RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04701j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The progress in precursor chemistry for the chemical vapor deposition of ruthenium containing thin films is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Gaur
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Lallan Mishra
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi-221005, India
| | - M. Aslam Siddiqi
- Thermodynamics
- IVG
- Faculty of Engineering, and CeNIDE
- University of Duisburg Essen
- 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Burak Atakan
- Thermodynamics
- IVG
- Faculty of Engineering, and CeNIDE
- University of Duisburg Essen
- 47057 Duisburg, Germany
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Mass spectrometric study of the thermal decomposition mechanism of vapors of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3-iminoheptane-5-one and its copper(II) complex. J Organomet Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2007.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Ouattara TS, Butcher RJ, Matthews JS. Synthesis and characterization of bis[4-N-(cyclohexylimino)-2-pentanonato]magnesium(II). J COORD CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00958970500040890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. S. Ouattara
- a Department of Chemistry , Howard University , Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - R. J. Butcher
- a Department of Chemistry , Howard University , Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - J. S. Matthews
- a Department of Chemistry , Howard University , Washington, DC 20059, USA
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11
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Chen YL, Hsu CC, Song YH, Chi Y, Carty A, Peng SM, Lee GH. Iridium Metal Thin Films and Patterned IrO2 Nanowires Deposited Using Iridium(I) Carbonyl Precursors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cvde.200606491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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12
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Liu YH, Cheng YC, Tung YL, Chi Y, Chen YL, Liu CS, Peng SM, Lee GH. Synthesis and characterization of fluorinated β-ketoiminate and imino-alcoholate Pd complexes: precursors for palladium chemical vapor deposition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1039/b208535f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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