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Peng Y, Yang H, Xue YH, Chen Q, Jin H, Liu S, Yao SY, Du MQ. An update on malignant tumor-related stiff person syndrome spectrum disorders: clinical mechanism, treatment, and outcomes. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1209302. [PMID: 37859648 PMCID: PMC10582361 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1209302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Stiff person syndrome (SPS) is a rare central nervous system disorder associated with malignancies. In this review, we retrieved information from PubMed, up until August 2023, using various search terms and their combinations, including SPS, stiff person syndrome spectrum disorders (SPSSDs), paraneoplastic, cancer, and malignant tumor. Data from peer-reviewed journals printed in English were organized to explain the possible relationships between different carcinomas and SPSSD subtypes, as well as related autoantigens. From literature searching, it was revealed that breast cancer was the most prevalent carcinoma linked to SPSSDs, followed by lung cancer and lymphoma. Furthermore, classic SPS was the most common SPSSD subtype, followed by stiff limb syndrome and progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus. GAD65 was the most common autoantigen in patients with cancer and SPSSDs, followed by amphiphysin and GlyR. Patients with cancer subtypes might have multiple SPSSD subtypes, and conversely, patients with SPSSD subtypes might have multiple carcinoma subtypes. The first aim of this review was to highlight the complex nature of the relationships among cancers, autoantigens, and SPSSDs as new information in this field continues to be generated globally. The adoption of an open-minded approach to updating information on new cancer subtypes, autoantigens, and SPSSDs is recommended to renew our database. The second aim of this review was to discuss SPS animal models, which will help us to understand the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of SPS. In future, elucidating the relationship among cancers, autoantigens, and SPSSDs is critical for the early prediction of cancer and discovery of new therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Peng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated First Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-hui Xue
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated First Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Quan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated First Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Jin
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated First Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated First Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Shun-yu Yao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated First Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Miao-qiao Du
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated First Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
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Kitamura W, Ennishi D, Yukawa R, Sasaki R, Yoshida C, Takasuka H, Fujiwara H, Asada N, Nishimori H, Fujii K, Fujii N, Matsuoka KI, Abe K, Yoshino T, Maeda Y. Nodal Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma with T Follicular Helper Phenotype Presenting as Chorea During Treatment: A Case Report and Literature Review. Intern Med 2021; 60:3155-3160. [PMID: 33814503 PMCID: PMC8545639 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.7180-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A 72-year-old man presented with chorea while undergoing treatment for recurrence of nodal peripheral T-cell lymphoma with T follicular helper (TFH) phenotype. An examination by brain N-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine (123I-IMP)-single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) revealed no abnormalities other than a decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the left striatum. After four courses of salvage chemotherapy, his clinical symptoms and asymmetric cerebral perfusion improved, suggesting that the decreased CBF had caused chorea. The significance of brain SPECT has not been fully clarified in patients with chorea-associated malignant lymphoma, warranting further investigations. Brain SPECT is an alternative approach to identify abnormalities in such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Kitamura
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ennishi
- Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Ryoya Yukawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
- Center for Postgraduate Clinical Training, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Ryo Sasaki
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Hiroki Takasuka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujiwara
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Noboru Asada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Nishimori
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Keiko Fujii
- Division of Clinical Laboratory, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Fujii
- Division of Blood Transfusion, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Matsuoka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Koji Abe
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yoshino
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
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Patel RA, Hall DA, Eichenseer S, Bailey M. Movement Disorders and Hematologic Diseases. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2021; 8:193-207. [PMID: 33553488 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Movement disorders can be associated with or caused by hematological abnormalities. The objective of this review is to highlight features that will aid in the clinician's recognition and treatment of these disorders. Methods MESH terms relevant to movement disorders and hematologic diseases were searched to identify conditions included in this narrative, educational review. Results Several conditions were identified, and they were organized by hematologic categories to include red blood cell abnormalities, white blood cell abnormalities, disorders of clotting and bleeding, hematologic malignancies, and others. Conclusions This review will increase providers' understanding of disorders that include movement disorders and hematologic abnormalities. Basic hematologic laboratories can aid in assessment of these disorders, to include complete blood count/hemogram and peripheral blood smear. Recognition is key, especially in the setting of underlying malignancy, vitamin deficiency, or other disorder in which treatment is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshni Abee Patel
- Department of Neurological Sciences Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Deborah A Hall
- Department of Neurological Sciences Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Sheila Eichenseer
- Department of Neurology Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin USA
| | - Meagan Bailey
- Department of Neurological Sciences Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
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Kitiyakara T, Jackson M, Gorard DA. Refractory Coeliac Disease, Small-Bowel Lymphoma and Chorea. J R Soc Med 2017; 95:133-4. [PMID: 11872763 PMCID: PMC1279481 DOI: 10.1177/014107680209500307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Kitiyakara
- Wycombe Hospital, High Wycombe, Bucks HP11 2TT, UK
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Aydin D, Somnier F, Lassen LH. Paraneoplastic Choreoathetosis in a Patient with Small Cell Lung Carcinoma and Anti-CRMP5/CV2: A Case Report. Case Rep Neurol 2016; 8:16-9. [PMID: 26889151 PMCID: PMC4748781 DOI: 10.1159/000443522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The occurrence of more or less monosymptomatic paraneoplastic choreoathetosis associated with anti-CRMP5/CV2 antibodies is rare. Typically, such autoantibodies are associated with a more classical syndrome – paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis. Frequently, small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is the related neoplastic finding. Case Report We present a 71-year-old woman who developed visual symptoms with papilledema and chorea. Anti-CRMP5/CV2 antibodies were a feature of both the serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Although SCLC was suspected already at the time of the initial examinations, no signs of primary or metastatic tumors were revealed on chest X-ray, MRI or whole-body PET scan. EEG and bronchoscopy were also unremarkable. However, 6 months after the onset, a repeated PET scan and subsequent bronchoscopic biopsy revealed SCLC. In spite of chemotherapy, the SCLC progressed, and the patient died 14 months after the onset of the symptoms. Conclusion We report paraneoplastic choreoathetosis associated with anti-CRMP5/CV2 antibodies. Such published case histories are rare. Although expected, we did not find any reduced signal intensity at the basal ganglia on the T1-weighted or increased intensity on the T2-weighted MRI scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dogu Aydin
- Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn Somnier
- Department of Autoimmunology and Biomarkers, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth H Lassen
- Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Vigliani MC, Honnorat J, Antoine JC, Vitaliani R, Giometto B, Psimaras D, Franchino F, Rossi C, Graus F. Chorea and related movement disorders of paraneoplastic origin: the PNS EuroNetwork experience. J Neurol 2011; 258:2058-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-011-6074-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ritzenthaler T, Verret JM, Honnorat J. Chorée paranéoplasique et troubles du comportement chez un patient présentant des anticorps anti-CV2/CRMP5 et deux cancers différents. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2010; 166:90-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2009.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Revised: 04/15/2009] [Accepted: 04/21/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Abstract
Neurologic paraneoplastic syndromes (NPSs) result from damage to the nervous system due to the remote effects of cancer not related to metastasis, infection, or metabolic derangements. NPSs are rare, affecting 1 in 10,000 patients with cancer. Pathogenesis is likely related to the immune mechanisms: normal neural tissue is mistakenly attacked due to the similarity in the onconeural antigens expressed by the tumor cells. Among the various "classic" and other NPSs, this review focuses on paraneoplastic movement disorders, including ataxia due to cerebellar degeneration, stiff-person syndrome, opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome, chorea, parkinsonism, and tremor. The recently described syndrome of paraneoplastic anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis is also included, given that these patients have complex movements such as stereotypies and dyskinesias in addition to psychiatric symptoms, altered sensorium, and other neurologic signs. Although variable, treatment and prognosis of NPSs rely heavily on treatment of the underlying malignancy and immunotherapy.
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Abstract
Metoclopramide is a dopamine receptor antagonist that is used to treat diabetic gastroparesis, chemotherapy-induced nausea, and migraines. It is known to cause extrapyramidal side effects such as tardive dyskinesia, parkinsonism, dystonia, and akithisia, but not chorea. We describe a patient who presented with choreiform movements shortly after the administration of intravenous metoclopramide. Her work-up for secondary causes of chorea was otherwise negative and her symptoms abated with the administration of oral quetiapine and intravenous diazepam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan S Dubow
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Muehlschlegel S, Okun MS, Foote KD, Coco D, Yachnis AT, Fernandez HH. Paraneoplastic chorea with leukoencephalopathy presenting with obsessive-compulsive and behavioral disorder. Mov Disord 2006; 20:1523-7. [PMID: 16037914 DOI: 10.1002/mds.20570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chorea is a rare manifestation of paraneoplastic disease and is associated with CV2/CRMP-5 antibodies. Obsessive-compulsive disorder and large-scale white matter abnormalities on MRI have not been previously reported in association with these antibodies. We report on a case of CV2 paraneoplastic syndrome with obsessive-compulsive behavior preceding the motor manifestations of chorea with associated leukoencephalopathy on MRI. The literature on paraneoplastic chorea is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Muehlschlegel
- Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
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Abstract
The present review is aimed at providing practical assistance to the clinical neurologist in reaching a diagnosis, understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of movement disorders associated with systemic diseases, and determining appropriate therapy. Infectious disease by direct effect or as an acquired autoimmune neurological disease, stroke, hypoxia-ischemia, paraneoplastic syndromes, collagen disorders, endocrine, liver and kidney diseases that may cause hypokinetic or hyperkinetic abnormal movement are considered separately. The type and evolution of abnormal movement caused by systemic disease vary with age and underlying pathology. Therapy for abnormal movements should include a primary treatment for the systemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Alarcón
- Department of Neurology, Eugenio Espejo Hospital, P.O. Box 17-07-9515, Quito, Ecuador.
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Pereira AC, Edwards MJ, Buttery PC, Hawkes CH, Quinn NP, Giovannoni G, Hadjivassiliou M, Bhatia KP. Choreic syndrome and coeliac disease: a hitherto unrecognised association. Mov Disord 2004; 19:478-82. [PMID: 15077250 DOI: 10.1002/mds.10691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Coeliac disease has been associated with a variety of neurological conditions, most frequently cerebellar ataxia and peripheral neuropathy. To date, chorea has not been associated with coeliac disease. We present the case histories of 4 individuals with coeliac disease and chorea (4 women, average age of onset of chorea 61 years). Unexpectedly, most of these patients showed a notable improvement in their motor symptoms after the introduction of a gluten-free diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony C Pereira
- Sobell Dept of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, United Kingdom
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13
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Dorban S, Gille M, Kessler R, Piéret F, Declercq I, Sindic CJM. Mouvements choréo-athétosiques et syndrome anti-Hu. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2004; 160:126-9. [PMID: 14978409 DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(04)70863-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Paraneoplastic choreo-athetoses are rare. We report a case of anti-Hu syndrome with choreo-athetosis. CASE REPORT A 48-year-old woman developed a small-cell lung carcinoma revealed by an anti-Hu syndrome. The neurological features included choreo-athetosis predominating in the upper limbs, chronic sensorimotor axonal polyneuropathy, and opsoclonus. The cerebrospinal fluid was acellular and contained several oligoclonal IgG bands, not found in the corresponding serum. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed bilateral high-intensity lesions on T2/FLAIR sequence in the corona radiata. Moderate transitory improvement of the paraneoplastic neurological syndrome was observed after several carboplatin-etoposid cycles. CONCLUSION A paraneoplastic origin must be considered in all cases of unexplained choreo-athetosis. Paraneoplastic choreo-athetosis is most often associated with other neurological symptoms. The most frequent associated tumor is a small-cell lung carcinoma with anti-CRMP5 and/or anti-Hu antibodies. Our patient developed paraneoplastic choreo-athetosis related to an anti-Hu syndrome in the absence of anti-CRMP5/CV2 antibodies. Paraneoplastic choreo-athetosis might result from a central lesion, and/or from proprioceptive deafferentation subsequent to peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dorban
- Service de Neurologie, Cliniques Universitaires UCL, St-Luc, Bruxelles, Belgique
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Samii A, Dahlen DD, Spence AM, Maronian NC, Kraus EE, Lennon VA. Paraneoplastic movement disorder in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and CRMP-5 autoantibody. Mov Disord 2003; 18:1556-8. [PMID: 14673901 DOI: 10.1002/mds.10616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The paraneoplastic autoantibody, collapsin response-mediator protein (CRMP)-5 immunoglobulin G (IgG), is specific for neuronal cytoplasmic CRMP-5, and is usually associated with small-cell lung carcinoma or thymoma. We report on details of a movement disorder that followed anti-B-cell therapy in a patient with lymphoma, and was accompanied by CRMP-5 IgG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Samii
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
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15
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Vernino S, Tuite P, Adler CH, Meschia JF, Boeve BF, Boasberg P, Parisi JE, Lennon VA. Paraneoplastic chorea associated with CRMP-5 neuronal antibody and lung carcinoma. Ann Neurol 2002; 51:625-30. [PMID: 12112110 DOI: 10.1002/ana.10178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Paraneoplastic chorea is described in 16 patients: 11 with limited small-cell carcinoma, 2 with lung cancer revealed by imaging, 1 with renal cell carcinoma, and 1 with lymphoma. All had CRMP-5-IgG; 6 also had ANNA-1 (anti-Hu), including 1 without evident cancer. Chorea was the initial and most prominent symptom in 11 patients, asymmetric or unilateral in 5 patients, and part of a multifocal syndrome in 14 patients. Basal ganglia abnormalities were revealed by magnetic resonance imaging and at autopsy (as perivascular inflammation and microglial activation). Four patients improved with chemotherapy, and 2 improved with intravenous methylprednisolone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Vernino
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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Kitiyakara T, Jackson M, Gorard DA. Refractory coeliac disease, small-bowel lymphoma and chorea. J R Soc Med 2002. [PMID: 11872763 PMCID: PMC1279481 DOI: 10.1258/jrsm.95.3.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Kitiyakara
- Wycombe Hospital, High Wycombe, Bucks HP11 2TT, UK
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Haussermann P, Wilhelm T, Keinath S, Stölzle C, Conrad B, Ceballos-Baumann A. Primary central nervous system lymphoma in the SMA presenting as rapidly progressive parkinsonism. Mov Disord 2001; 16:962-5. [PMID: 11746632 DOI: 10.1002/mds.1193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on a 56-year-old man who developed a rapidly progressive parkinsonism and apraxia over 2 months due to biopsy confirmed cerebral non-Hodgkin lymphoma primarily involving the SMA and parts of the superior frontal gyrus bilaterally.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Haussermann
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU Munich, Munich, Germany
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