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Shao WQ, Li YT, Zhou X, Zhang SG, Fan MH, Zhang D, Chen ZM, Yi CH, Wang SH, Zhu WW, Lu M, Chen JS, Lin J, Zhou Y. Cholesterol suppresses AMFR-mediated PDL1 ubiquitination and degradation in HCC. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05106-w. [PMID: 39231894 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05106-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
The degradation of proteasomes or lysosomes is emerging as a principal determinant of programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1) expression, which affects the efficacy of immunotherapy in various malignancies. Intracellular cholesterol plays a central role in maintaining the expression of membrane receptors; however, the specific effect of cholesterol on PDL1 expression in cancer cells remains poorly understood. Cholesterol starvation and stimulation were used to modulate the cellular cholesterol levels. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to analyze the protein levels in the samples and cells. Quantitative real-time PCR, co-immunoprecipitation, and confocal co-localization assays were used for mechanistic investigation. A xenograft tumor model was constructed to verify these results in vivo. Our results showed that cholesterol suppressed the ubiquitination and degradation of PDL1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Further mechanistic studies revealed that the autocrine motility factor receptor (AMFR) is an E3 ligase that mediated the ubiquitination and degradation of PDL1, which was regulated by the cholesterol/p38 mitogenic activated protein kinase axis. Moreover, lowering cholesterol levels using statins improved the efficacy of programmed death 1 (PD1) inhibition in vivo. Our findings indicate that cholesterol serves as a signal to inhibit AMFR-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of PDL1 and suggest that lowering cholesterol by statins may be a promising combination strategy to improve the efficiency of PD1 inhibition in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qing Shao
- Department of General Surgery Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yi-Tong Li
- Department of General Surgery Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of General Surgery Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Sheng-Guo Zhang
- Department of Infection, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Ming-Hao Fan
- Department of General Surgery Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Infection, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Zhen-Mei Chen
- Department of General Surgery Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Chen-He Yi
- Department of General Surgery Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Sheng-Hao Wang
- Department of General Surgery Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Wen-Wei Zhu
- Department of General Surgery Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ji-Song Chen
- Depatment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Fourth People's Hospital, Jiangsu, 214527, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of General Surgery Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Infection, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
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2
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Yan Y, Li S, Su L, Tang X, Chen X, Gu X, Yang G, Chi H, Huang S. Mitochondrial inhibitors: a new horizon in breast cancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1421905. [PMID: 39027328 PMCID: PMC11254633 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1421905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, due to resistance to standard therapies such as endocrine therapy, anti-HER2 therapy and chemotherapy, continues to pose a major health challenge. A growing body of research emphasizes the heterogeneity and plasticity of metabolism in breast cancer. Because differences in subtypes exhibit a bias toward metabolic pathways, targeting mitochondrial inhibitors shows great potential as stand-alone or adjuvant cancer therapies. Multiple therapeutic candidates are currently in various stages of preclinical studies and clinical openings. However, specific inhibitors have been shown to face multiple challenges (e.g., single metabolic therapies, mitochondrial structure and enzymes, etc.), and combining with standard therapies or targeting multiple metabolic pathways may be necessary. In this paper, we review the critical role of mitochondrial metabolic functions, including oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and fatty acid and amino acid metabolism, in metabolic reprogramming of breast cancer cells. In addition, we outline the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on metabolic pathways in different subtypes of breast cancer and mitochondrial inhibitors targeting different metabolic pathways, aiming to provide additional ideas for the development of mitochondrial inhibitors and to improve the efficacy of existing therapies for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Yan
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Sijie Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lanqian Su
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xinrui Tang
- Paediatrics Department, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiang Gu
- Biology Department, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Guanhu Yang
- Department of Specialty Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Hao Chi
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shangke Huang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Tan S, Sun X, Dong H, Wang M, Yao L, Wang M, Xu L, Xu Y. ACSL3 regulates breast cancer progression via lipid metabolism reprogramming and the YES1/YAP axis. Cancer Biol Med 2024; 21:j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0309. [PMID: 38953696 PMCID: PMC11271223 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation is a metabolic pathway whose dysregulation is recognized as a critical factor in various cancers, because it sustains cancer cell survival, proliferation, and metastasis. The acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain (ACSL) family is known to activate long-chain fatty acids, yet the specific role of ACSL3 in breast cancer has not been determined. METHODS We assessed the prognostic value of ACSL3 in breast cancer by using data from tumor samples. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays were also conducted to determine the roles and downstream regulatory mechanisms of ACSL3 in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS ACSL3 expression was notably downregulated in breast cancer tissues compared with normal tissues, and this phenotype correlated with improved survival outcomes. Functional experiments revealed that ACSL3 knockdown in breast cancer cells promoted cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mechanistically, ACSL3 was found to inhibit β-oxidation and the formation of associated byproducts, thereby suppressing malignant behavior in breast cancer. Importantly, ACSL3 was found to interact with YES proto-oncogene 1, a member of the Src family of tyrosine kinases, and to suppress its activation through phosphorylation at Tyr419. The decrease in activated YES1 consequently inhibited YAP1 nuclear colocalization and transcriptional complex formation, and the expression of its downstream genes in breast cancer cell nuclei. CONCLUSIONS ACSL3 suppresses breast cancer progression by impeding lipid metabolism reprogramming, and inhibiting malignant behaviors through phospho-YES1 mediated inhibition of YAP1 and its downstream pathways. These findings suggest that ACSL3 may serve as a potential biomarker and target for comprehensive therapeutic strategies for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Tan
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Haoran Dong
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Mozhi Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Litong Yao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Mengshen Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Yingying Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China
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4
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Loix M, Zelcer N, Bogie JFJ, Hendriks JJA. The ubiquitous role of ubiquitination in lipid metabolism. Trends Cell Biol 2024; 34:416-429. [PMID: 37770289 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are essential molecules that play key roles in cell physiology by serving as structural components, for storage of energy, and in signal transduction. Hence, efficient regulation and maintenance of lipid homeostasis are crucial for normal cellular and tissue function. In the past decade, increasing research has shown the importance of ubiquitination in regulating the stability of key players in different aspects of lipid metabolism. This review describes recent insights into the regulation of lipid metabolism by ubiquitin signaling, discusses how ubiquitination can be targeted in diseases characterized by lipid dysregulation, and identifies areas that require further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Loix
- Biomedical Research Institute, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; University MS Center Hasselt, Pelt, Belgium
| | - Noam Zelcer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen F J Bogie
- Biomedical Research Institute, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; University MS Center Hasselt, Pelt, Belgium
| | - Jerome J A Hendriks
- Biomedical Research Institute, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; University MS Center Hasselt, Pelt, Belgium.
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5
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Duan F, Kong F, Jiang T, Liu H. SYVN1 modulates papillary thyroid carcinoma progression by destabilizing HMGB1. Cell Div 2024; 19:15. [PMID: 38679705 PMCID: PMC11057142 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-024-00121-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
E3 ubiquitin ligase synoviolin (SYVN1) has been reported to participate in many human cancers. This study aimed to investigate SYVN1's roles and molecular pathways in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The functions of SYVN1 in PTC were further analyzed using gain- and loss-of-function methods and numerous investigations in cellular function and molecular biology. The findings demonstrated that the overexpression of SYVN1 markedly suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PTC cell lines (NPA87 and TPC-1). We found that SYVN1 interacted with HMGB1 and promoted its ubiquitination and degradation. In addition, SYVN1 effectively impairs cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and the formation of tumor xenografts in mice models. However, this effect may be partly reversed by overexpressing HMGB1. Thus, SYVN1 may inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PTC cells by disrupting HMGB1. Consequently, SYVN1 might be considered a promising therapeutic target for PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Duan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Fanli Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jiujiang First People's Hospital, Jiujiang, 332600, China
| | - Taifeng Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jiujiang First People's Hospital, Jiujiang, 332600, China
| | - Hongbing Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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6
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Yang S, Liu Y, Tang C, Han A, Lin Z, Quan J, Yang Y. The CPT1A/Snail axis promotes pancreatic adenocarcinoma progression and metastasis by activating the glycolytic pathway. iScience 2023; 26:107869. [PMID: 37736047 PMCID: PMC10509355 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that CPT1A plays a critical role in tumor metabolism and progression. However, the molecular mechanisms by which CPT1A affects tumorigenicity during PAAD progression remain unclear. In the current research, the bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemical staining results showed that CPT1A was overexpressed in PAAD tissues and that its overexpression was associated with a shorter survival time in patients with PAAD. Overexpression of CPT1A increased cell proliferation and promoted EMT and glycolytic metabolism in PAAD cells. Mechanistically, CPT1A is able to bind to Snail and facilitate PAAD progression by regulating Snail stability. In summary, our findings revealed Snail-dependent glycolysis as a crucial metabolic pathway by which CPT1A accelerates PAAD progression. Targeting the CPT1A/Snail/glycolysis axis in PAAD to suppress cell proliferation and metastatic dissemination is a new potential treatment strategy to improve the anticancer therapeutic effect and prolong patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Yang
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, Commission, Yanji 133000, China
- Department of Pathology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, Commission, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Chunxiao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, Commission, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Anna Han
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, Commission, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, Commission, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Jishu Quan
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, Commission, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, Commission, Yanji 133000, China
- Department of Pathology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133000, China
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7
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Zhao M, Huang C, Yang L, Pan B, Yang S, Chang J, Jin Y, Zhao G, Yue D, Qie S, Ren L. SYVN1-mediated ubiquitylation directs localization of MCT4 in the plasma membrane to promote the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:666. [PMID: 37816756 PMCID: PMC10564934 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06208-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Tumour cells mainly generate energy from glycolysis, which is commonly coupled with lactate production even under normoxic conditions. As a critical lactate transporter, monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) is highly expressed in glycolytic tissues, such as muscles and tumours. Overexpression of MCT4 is associated with poor prognosis for patients with various tumours. However, how MCT4 function is post-translationally regulated remains largely unknown. Taking advantage of human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells, this study revealed that MCT4 can be polyubiquitylated in a nonproteolytic manner by SYVN1 E3 ubiquitin ligase. The polyubiquitylation facilitates the localization of MCT4 into the plasma membrane, which improves lactate export by MCT4; in accordance, metabolism characterized by reduced glycolysis and lactate production is effectively reprogrammed by SYVN1 knockdown, which can be reversed by MCT4 overexpression. Biologically, SYVN1 knockdown successfully compromises cell proliferation and tumour xenograft growth in mouse models that can be partially rescued by overexpression of MCT4. Clinicopathologically, overexpression of SYVN1 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with LUAD, highlighting the importance of the SYVN1-MCT4 axis, which performs metabolic reprogramming during the progression of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Lexin Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Boyu Pan
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuting Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongsheng Yue
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuo Qie
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Ren
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
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8
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Thankan RS, Thomas E, Purushottamachar P, Weber DJ, Ramamurthy VP, Huang W, Kane MA, Njar VCO. VNLG-152R and its deuterated analogs potently inhibit/repress triple/quadruple negative breast cancer of diverse racial origins in vitro and in vivo by upregulating E3 Ligase Synoviolin 1 (SYVN1) and inducing proteasomal degradation of MNK1/2. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1240996. [PMID: 37766871 PMCID: PMC10520556 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1240996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and its recently identified subtype, quadruple negative breast cancer (QNBC), collectively account for approximately 13% of reported breast cancer cases in the United States. These aggressive forms of breast cancer are associated with poor prognoses, limited treatment options, and lower overall survival rates. In previous studies, our research demonstrated that VNLG-152R exhibits inhibitory effects on TNBC cells both in vitro and in vivo and the deuterated analogs were more potent inhibitors of TNBC cells in vitro. Building upon these findings, our current study delves into the molecular mechanisms underlying this inhibitory action. Through transcriptome and proteome analyses, we discovered that VNLG-152R upregulates the expression of E3 ligase Synoviolin 1 (SYVN1), also called 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl reductase degradation (HRD1) in TNBC cells. Moreover, we provide genetic and pharmacological evidence to demonstrate that SYVN1 mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of MNK1/2, the only known kinases responsible for phosphorylating eIF4E. Phosphorylation of eIF4E being a rate-limiting step in the formation of the eIF4F translation initiation complex, the degradation of MNK1/2 by VNLG-152R and its analogs impedes dysregulated translation in TNBC cells, resulting in the inhibition of tumor growth. Importantly, our findings were validated in vivo using TNBC xenograft models derived from MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and MDA-MB-453 cell lines, representing different racial origins and genetic backgrounds. These xenograft models, which encompass TNBCs with varying androgen receptor (AR) expression levels, were effectively inhibited by oral administration of VNLG-152R and its deuterated analogs in NRG mice. Importantly, in direct comparison, our compounds are more effective than enzalutamide and docetaxel in achieving tumor growth inhibition/repression in the AR+ MDA-MD-453 xenograft model in mice. Collectively, our study sheds light on the involvement of SYVN1 E3 ligase in the VNLG-152R-induced degradation of MNK1/2 and the therapeutic potential of VNLG-152R and its more potent deuterated analogs as promising agents for the treatment of TNBC across diverse patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Retheesh S. Thankan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Isoprene Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Elizabeth Thomas
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Puranik Purushottamachar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - David J. Weber
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Weiliang Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Maureen A. Kane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Vincent C. O. Njar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Isoprene Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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9
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Koo SY, Park EJ, Noh HJ, Jo SM, Ko BK, Shin HJ, Lee CW. Ubiquitination Links DNA Damage and Repair Signaling to Cancer Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098441. [PMID: 37176148 PMCID: PMC10179089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in the DNA damage response (DDR) and cellular metabolism are two important factors that allow cancer cells to proliferate. DDR is a set of events in which DNA damage is recognized, DNA repair factors are recruited to the site of damage, the lesion is repaired, and cellular responses associated with the damage are processed. In cancer, DDR is commonly dysregulated, and the enzymes associated with DDR are prone to changes in ubiquitination. Additionally, cellular metabolism, especially glycolysis, is upregulated in cancer cells, and enzymes in this metabolic pathway are modulated by ubiquitination. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), particularly E3 ligases, act as a bridge between cellular metabolism and DDR since they regulate the enzymes associated with the two processes. Hence, the E3 ligases with high substrate specificity are considered potential therapeutic targets for treating cancer. A number of small molecule inhibitors designed to target different components of the UPS have been developed, and several have been tested in clinical trials for human use. In this review, we discuss the role of ubiquitination on overall cellular metabolism and DDR and confirm the link between them through the E3 ligases NEDD4, APC/CCDH1, FBXW7, and Pellino1. In addition, we present an overview of the clinically important small molecule inhibitors and implications for their practical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Young Koo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Park
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Noh
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Mi Jo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Kyoung Ko
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Shin
- Team of Radiation Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Woo Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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10
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Wang Y, Wang S, Zhang W. HRD1 functions as a tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer by facilitating ubiquitination-dependent SLC7A11 degradation. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:1116-1126. [PMID: 36809917 PMCID: PMC10081055 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2178102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The E3 ubiquitin ligase 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl reductase degradation (HRD1) was found to be a tumor suppressor in diverse types of cancers; we aimed to explore its expression pattern and biological function in ovarian cancer (OC). HRD1 expression in OC tumor tissues was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The overexpression plasmid of HRD1 was transfected into OC cells. Cell proliferation, colony formation, and apoptosis were analyzed using bromodeoxy uridineassay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry, respectively. OC mice models were established to explore the effect of HRD1 on OC in vivo. Ferroptosis was evaluated by malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, and intracellular ferrous iron. Expressions offerroptosis-related factors were examined using qRT-PCR and western blot. Erastin and Fer-1 were, respectively, employed to promote or inhibit ferroptosis in OC cells. Online bioinformatics tool and co-immunoprecipitation assay were performed to predict and verify the interactive genes of HRD1 in OC cells, respectively. Gain-of-function studies were carried out to determine the roles of HRD1 in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and ferroptosis in vitro. HRD1 was under-expressed in OC tumor tissues. The overexpression of HRD1 inhibited OC cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro and suppressed OC tumor growth in vivo. The overexpression of HRD1 promoted cell apoptosis and ferroptosis in OC cell lines. HRD1 interacted with the solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) in OC cells, and HRD1 regulated the stability and ubiquitination in OC. SLC7A11 overexpression recovered the effect of HRD1 overexpression in OC cell lines. HRD1 inhibited tumor formation and promoted ferroptosis in OC through enhancing SLC7A11 degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- Department of obstetrics and gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Shanfeng Wang
- Department of obstetrics and gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of obstetrics and gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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11
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Zeng C, Guo J, Wu J, Che T, Huang X, Liu H, Lin Z. HRD1 Promotes Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma Metastasis by Blocking Autophagy-mediated MIEN1 Degradation. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104723. [PMID: 37075843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of autophagy has been implicated in the development of many diseases, including cancer. Here, we revealed a novel function of the E3 ubiquitin ligase HRD1 in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) metastasis by regulating autophagy. Mechanistically, HRD1 inhibits autophagy by promoting ATG3 ubiquitination and degradation. Additionally, a pro-migratory and invasive factor, MIEN1 (migration and invasion enhancer 1), was found to be autophagically degraded upon HRD1 deficiency. Importantly, both HRD1 and MIEN1 expression are upregulated and positively correlated in lung tumors. Based on these results, we proposed a novel mechanism of HRD1 function that the degradation of ATG3 protein by HRD1 leads to autophagy inhibition and MIEN1 release, thus promoting NSCLC metastasis. Therefore, our findings provided new insights into the role of HRD1 in NSCLC metastasis and new therapeutic targets for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- Affiliated Three Gorges Central Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jiajia Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Che
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Huang
- Affiliated Three Gorges Central Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Huawen Liu
- Affiliated Three Gorges Central Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenghong Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China.
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12
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Weidle UH, Birzele F. Triple-negative Breast Cancer: Identification of circRNAs With Efficacy in Preclinical In Vivo Models. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2023; 20:117-131. [PMID: 36870692 PMCID: PMC9989670 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with insufficient options for therapy. In order to identify new targets and treatment modalities we searched the literature for circular RNAs (circRNAs) which mediate efficacy in TNBC-related in vivo preclinical models. In addition to 5 down-regulated circRNAs which modulate tumor-suppressive pathways, we identified 15 up-regulated circRNAs. Down- and up-regulated refers to expression in corresponding non-transformed cells and tissues. The up-regulated circRNAs comprise five transmembrane receptors and secreted proteins as targets, five transcription factors and transcription-associated targets, four cell-cycle related circRNAs and one involved in paclitaxel resistance. In this review article we discuss drug-discovery related aspects and modalities of therapeutic intervention. Down-regulated circRNAs can be reconstituted by re-expression of corresponding circRNAs in tumor cells or up-regulation of corresponding targets. Up-regulated circRNAs can be inhibited by small-interfering RNA (siRNA) or short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-based approaches or inhibition of the corresponding targets with small molecules or antibody-related moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich H Weidle
- Roche Pharma Research and Development, Roche Innovation Center, Penzberg, Germany;
| | - Fabian Birzele
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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13
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RIOK3 promotes mTORC1 activation by facilitating SLC7A2-mediated arginine uptake in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:1039-1051. [PMID: 36880835 PMCID: PMC10008507 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. Reprogramming of amino acid metabolism is one of the characteristics of PDAC, in which arginine metabolism is significantly altered in PDAC cells and is involved in important signaling pathways. Current studies have identified arginine deprivation as a potential strategy for PDAC treatment. In this study, we performed Liquid Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer (LC-MS)-based non-targeted metabolomic analysis on PDAC cell lines with stable Rio Kinase 3 (RIOK3) knockdown and PDAC tissues with different RIOK3 expressions and found that RIOK3 expression was significantly correlated with arginine metabolism in PDAC. Subsequent RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and Western blot analysis showed that RIOK3 knockdown significantly inhibited the expression of arginine transporter solute carrier family 7 member 2 (SLC7A2). Further studies revealed that RIOK3 promoted arginine uptake, mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation, cell invasion, and metastasis in PDAC cells via SLC7A2. Finally, we found that patients with high expression of both RIOK3 and infiltrating Treg cells had a worse prognosis. Overall, our study found that RIOK3 in PDAC cells promotes arginine uptake and mTORC1 activation through upregulation of SLC7A2 expression, and also provides a new therapeutic target for therapeutic strategies targeting arginine metabolism.
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14
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FANG L, QI H, WANG P, WANG S, LI T, XIA T, PIAO H, GU C. UPF1 increases amino acid levels and promotes cell proliferation in lung adenocarcinoma via the eIF2α-ATF4 axis. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:863-875. [PMID: 36226539 PMCID: PMC9561404 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2200144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Up-frameshift 1 (UPF1), as the most critical factor in nonsense-mediated messenger RNA (mRNA) decay (NMD), regulates tumor-associated molecular pathways in many cancers. However, the role of UPF1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) amino acid metabolism remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that UPF1 was significantly correlated with a portion of amino acid metabolic pathways in LUAD by integrating bioinformatics and metabolomics. We further confirmed that UPF1 knockdown inhibited activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and Ser51 phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), the core proteins in amino acid metabolism reprogramming. In addition, UPF1 promotes cell proliferation by increasing the amino-acid levels of LUAD cells, which depends on the function of ATF4. Clinically, UPF1 mRNA expression is abnormal in LUAD tissues, and higher expression of UPF1 and ATF4 was significantly correlated with poor overall survival (OS) in LUAD patients. Our findings reveal that UPF1 is a potential regulator of tumor-associated amino acid metabolism and may be a therapeutic target for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei FANG
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Dalian, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian116011, China
| | - Huan QI
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian116023, China
| | - Peng WANG
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Dalian, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian116011, China
| | - Shiqing WANG
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Dalian, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian116011, China
| | - Tianjiao LI
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Dalian, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian116011, China
| | - Tian XIA
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian116023, China
| | - Hailong PIAO
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian116023, China,Hailong PIAO,
| | - Chundong GU
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Dalian, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian116011, China,Chundong GU,
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15
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Karamali N, Ebrahimnezhad S, Khaleghi Moghadam R, Daneshfar N, Rezaiemanesh A. HRD1 in human malignant neoplasms: Molecular mechanisms and novel therapeutic strategy for cancer. Life Sci 2022; 301:120620. [PMID: 35533759 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In tumor cells, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays an essential role in maintaining cellular proteostasis by stimulating unfolded protein response (UPR) underlying stress conditions. ER-associated degradation (ERAD) is a critical pathway of the UPR to protect cells from ER stress-induced apoptosis and the elimination of unfolded or misfolded proteins by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl reductase degradation (HRD1) as an E3 ubiquitin ligase plays an essential role in the ubiquitination and dislocation of misfolded protein in ERAD. In addition, HRD1 can target other normal folded proteins. In various types of cancer, the expression of HRD1 is dysregulated, and it targets different molecules to develop cancer hallmarks or suppress the progression of the disease. Recent investigations have defined the role of HRD1 in drug resistance in types of cancer. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of HRD1 and its roles in cancer pathogenesis and discusses the worthiness of targeting HRD1 as a novel therapeutic strategy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Karamali
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Samaneh Ebrahimnezhad
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Reihaneh Khaleghi Moghadam
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Niloofar Daneshfar
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Alireza Rezaiemanesh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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16
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Zhu S, Gu H, Peng C, Xia F, Cao H, Cui H. Regulation of Glucose, Fatty Acid and Amino Acid Metabolism by Ubiquitination and SUMOylation for Cancer Progression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:849625. [PMID: 35392171 PMCID: PMC8981989 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.849625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination and SUMOylation, which are posttranslational modifications, play prominent roles in regulating both protein expression and function in cells, as well as various cellular signal transduction pathways. Metabolic reprogramming often occurs in various diseases, especially cancer, which has become a new entry point for understanding cancer mechanisms and developing treatment methods. Ubiquitination or SUMOylation of protein substrates determines the fate of modified proteins. Through accurate and timely degradation and stabilization of the substrate, ubiquitination and SUMOylation widely control various crucial pathways and different proteins involved in cancer metabolic reprogramming. An understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of ubiquitination and SUMOylation of cell proteins may help us elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying cancer development and provide an important theory for new treatments. In this review, we summarize the processes of ubiquitination and SUMOylation and discuss how ubiquitination and SUMOylation affect cancer metabolism by regulating the key enzymes in the metabolic pathway, including glucose, lipid and amino acid metabolism, to finally reshape cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunqin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongyu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fanwei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Hongjuan Cui,
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17
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Downregulation of CPT2 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis through p53 pathway in colorectal cancer. Cell Signal 2022; 92:110267. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Li H, Chen J, Liu J, Lai Y, Huang S, Zheng L, Fan N. CPT2 downregulation triggers stemness and oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer via activating the ROS/Wnt/β-catenin-induced glycolytic metabolism. Exp Cell Res 2021; 409:112892. [PMID: 34688609 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2) has been demonstrated to act as a tumor promotor or suppressor in different types of cancers. However, little is known about the effect of CPT2 on colorectal cancer (CRC). In the present study, we analyzed CPT2 expression in CRC tissues and cells. CPT2 was overexpressed in CRC cell lines (SW480 and RKO), and its effects and molecular mechanism on the proliferation, glycolysis, stemness, and oxaliplatin sensitivity were investigated. The xenograft experiment was used to confirm the influence of CPT2 on CRC tumorigenesis in vivo. We found that CPT2 expression was significantly downregulated in CRC patients, and its lower expression was associated with the poor prognosis, large tumor size, advanced TNM stage, and poor histological grade differentiation of patients. Upregulation of CPT2 significantly inhibited the proliferation, glycolytic metabolism, cancer stem cell properties, and oxaliplatin resistance in CRC cells. Also, the increase of CPT2 inhibited tumorigenesis, stemness and glycolysis, while enhanced oxaliplatin sensitivity in mouse models. Mechanistically, CPT2 functioned via suppressing the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway through repressing ROS production. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that CPT2 was decreased in CRC, and CPT2 downregulation could trigger stemness and oxaliplatin resistance in CRC via activating the ROS/Wnt/β-catenin-induced glycolytic metabolism. This study indicates that CPT2 is a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - JuHui Chen
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - Yiqin Lai
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - Sha Huang
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - Nanfeng Fan
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China.
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Prognostic value of glutaminase 1 in breast cancer depends on H3K27me3 expression and menopausal status. Virchows Arch 2021; 480:259-267. [PMID: 34562173 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-021-03210-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Glutaminase 1 (GLS) is a therapeutic target for breast cancer; although GLS inhibitors have been developed, only a few subjects responded well to the therapy. Considering that the expression of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) and menopausal status was closely linked to GLS, we examined the effects of H3K27me3 and menopausal status on GLS to breast cancer prognosis. Data for 962 women diagnosed with primary invasive breast cancer were analyzed. H3K27me3 and GLS expression in tumors were evaluated with tissue microarrays by immunohistochemistry. Hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall survival and progression-free survival were estimated using Cox regression models. Statistical interaction was assessed on multiplicative scale. There was a beneficial prognostic effect of GLS expression on overall survival for those with low H3K27me3 level (HR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.20-1.28) but an adverse prognostic effect for those with high H3K27me3 level (HR = 3.90, 95% CI: 1.29-11.78) among premenopausal women, and the statistical interaction was significant (Pinteraction = 0.003). Similar pattern was further observed for progression-free survival (HR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.20-0.95 for low H3K27me3 level, HR = 1.35, 95% CI: 0.74-2.48 for high H3K27me3 level, Pinteraction = 0.024). The statistical interaction did not occur among postmenopausal women. Our study showed that the prognostic effects of GLS on breast cancer correlated to the expression level of H3K27me3 and menopausal status, which would help optimize the medication strategies of GLS inhibitors.
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Fan Y, Wang J, Jin W, Sun Y, Xu Y, Wang Y, Liang X, Su D. CircNR3C2 promotes HRD1-mediated tumor-suppressive effect via sponging miR-513a-3p in triple-negative breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:25. [PMID: 33530981 PMCID: PMC7851937 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01321-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND E3 ubiquitin ligase HRD1 (HMG-CoA reductase degradation protein 1, alias synoviolin with SYVN1 as the official gene symbol) was found downregulated and acting as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer, while the exact expression profile of HRD1 in different breast cancer subtypes remains unknown. Recent studies characterized circular RNAs (circRNAs) playing an regulatory role as miRNA sponge in tumor progression, presenting a new viewpoint for the post-transcriptional regulation of cancer-related genes. METHODS Examination of the expression of HRD1 protein and mRNA was implemented using public microarray/RNA-sequencing datasets and breast cancer tissues/cell lines. Based on public RNA-sequencing results, online databases and enrichment/clustering analyses were used to predict the specific combinations of circRNA/miRNA that potentially govern HRD1 expression. Gain-of-function and rescue experiments in vitro and in vivo were executed to evaluate the suppressive effects of circNR3C2 on breast cancer progression through HRD1-mediated proteasomal degradation of Vimentin, which was identified using immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, and in vitro ubiquitination assays. RESULTS HRD1 is significantly underexpressed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) against other subtypes and has an inverse correlation with Vimentin, inhibiting the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) process of breast cancer cells via inducing polyubiquitination-mediated proteasomal degradation of Vimentin. CircNR3C2 (hsa_circ_0071127) is also remarkably downregulated in TNBC, negatively correlated with the distant metastasis and lethality of invasive breast carcinoma. Overexpressing circNR3C2 in vitro and in vivo leads to a crucial enhancement of the tumor-suppressive effects of HRD1 through sponging miR-513a-3p. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, we elucidated a bona fide circNR3C2/miR-513a-3p/HRD1/Vimentin axis that negatively regulates the metastasis of TNBC, suggesting that circNR3C2 and HRD1 can act as potential prognostic biomarkers. Our study may facilitate the development of therapeutic agents targeting circNR3C2 and HRD1 for patients with aggressive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Fan
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Institute of Breast Disease, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning China
| | - Wen Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
- Center of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Yifei Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Yuemei Xu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Yipin Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
- Center of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Xiubin Liang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Dongming Su
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
- Center of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
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