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Hamano M, Ichinose T, Yasuda T, Ishijima T, Okada S, Abe K, Tashiro K, Furuya S. Bioinformatics Analysis of the Molecular Networks Associated with the Amelioration of Aberrant Gene Expression by a Tyr-Trp Dipeptide in Brains Treated with the Amyloid-β Peptide. Nutrients 2023; 15:2731. [PMID: 37375635 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-chain peptides derived from various protein sources have been shown to exhibit diverse bio-modulatory and health-promoting effects in animal experiments and human trials. We recently reported that the oral administration of the Tyr-Trp (YW) dipeptide to mice markedly enhances noradrenaline metabolism in the brain and ameliorates the working-memory deficits induced by the β-amyloid 25-35 peptide (Aβ25-35). In the current study, we performed multiple bioinformatics analyses of microarray data from Aβ25-35/YW-treated brains to determine the mechanism underlying the action of YW in the brain and to infer the molecular mechanisms and networks involved in the protective effect of YW in the brain. We found that YW not only reversed inflammation-related responses but also activated various molecular networks involving a transcriptional regulatory system, which is mediated by the CREB binding protein (CBP), EGR-family proteins, ELK1, and PPAR, and the calcium-signaling pathway, oxidative stress tolerance, and an enzyme involved in de novo l-serine synthesis in brains treated with Aβ25-35. This study revealed that YW has a neuroprotective effect against Aβ25-35 neuropathy, suggesting that YW is a new functional-food-material peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Hamano
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Iizuka 820-8502, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Metabolism, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Ichinose
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Metabolism, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tokio Yasuda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishijima
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shinji Okada
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Keiko Abe
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (KISTEC), 3-25-13 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kosuke Tashiro
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigeki Furuya
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Iizuka 820-8502, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Metabolism, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
- Innovative Bio-Architecture Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
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Hamano M, Esaki K, Moriyasu K, Yasuda T, Mohri S, Tashiro K, Hirabayashi Y, Furuya S. Hepatocyte-Specific Phgdh-Deficient Mice Culminate in Mild Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Enhanced Vulnerability to Protein Starvation. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103468. [PMID: 34684470 PMCID: PMC8537398 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
l-Serine (Ser) is synthesized de novo from 3-phosphoglycerate via the phosphorylated pathway committed by phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (Phgdh). A previous study reported that feeding a protein-free diet increased the enzymatic activity of Phgdh in the liver and enhanced Ser synthesis in the rat liver. However, the nutritional and physiological functions of Ser synthesis in the liver remain unclear. To clarify the physiological significance of de novo Ser synthesis in the liver, we generated liver hepatocyte-specific Phgdh KO (LKO) mice using an albumin-Cre driver. The LKO mice exhibited a significant gain in body weight compared to Floxed controls at 23 weeks of age and impaired systemic glucose metabolism, which was accompanied by diminished insulin/IGF signaling. Although LKO mice had no apparent defects in steatosis, the molecular signatures of inflammation and stress responses were evident in the liver of LKO mice. Moreover, LKO mice were more vulnerable to protein starvation than the Floxed mice. These observations demonstrate that Phgdh-dependent de novo Ser synthesis in liver hepatocytes contributes to the maintenance of systemic glucose tolerance, suppression of inflammatory response, and resistance to protein starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Hamano
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Metabolism, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (S.F.)
| | - Kayoko Esaki
- Laboratory for Neural Cell Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako 351-0198, Japan;
| | - Kazuki Moriyasu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (K.M.); (T.Y.); (S.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Tokio Yasuda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (K.M.); (T.Y.); (S.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Sinya Mohri
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (K.M.); (T.Y.); (S.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Kosuke Tashiro
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (K.M.); (T.Y.); (S.M.); (K.T.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Gene Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Innovative Bio-Architecture Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshio Hirabayashi
- Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan;
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
| | - Shigeki Furuya
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Metabolism, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (K.M.); (T.Y.); (S.M.); (K.T.)
- Innovative Bio-Architecture Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (S.F.)
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Huang H, Liu K, Ou H, Qian X, Wan J. Phgdh serves a protective role in Il‑1β induced chondrocyte inflammation and oxidative‑stress damage. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:419. [PMID: 33846783 PMCID: PMC8025466 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary pathological changes observed in osteoarthritis (OA) involve inflammation and degeneration of chondrocytes. 3‑phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (Phgdh), a rate‑limiting enzyme involved in the conversion of 3‑phosphoglycerate to serine, serves as a crucial molecular component of cell growth and metabolism. However, its effects on chondrocytes in OA have not been determined. In the present study, a rat model of OA was used to investigate the expression levels of Phgdh in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, the role of Phgdh in extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress levels of chondrocytes was detected in vitro. Phgdh expression was decreased in OA, and Phgdh overexpression promoted ECM synthesis, decreased levels inflammatory cytokines, such as Il‑6, TNF‑α, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 and MMP13, and decreased apoptosis. Furthermore, expression of Phgdh effectively increased expression levels of the cellular antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase 1, and decreased the levels of reactive oxygen species in chondrocytes; and this may have been regulated by a Kelch like ECH associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 axis. Taken together, these results suggest that Phgdh may be used to manage the progression of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hefei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655000, P.R. China
| | - Keting Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655000, P.R. China
| | - Hua Ou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655000, P.R. China
| | - Xuankun Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655000, P.R. China
| | - Jianshan Wan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655000, P.R. China
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Hamano M, Tomonaga S, Osaki Y, Oda H, Kato H, Furuya S. Transcriptional Activation of Chac1 and Other Atf4-Target Genes Induced by Extracellular l-Serine Depletion is negated with Glycine Consumption in Hepa1-6 Hepatocarcinoma Cells. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103018. [PMID: 33023086 PMCID: PMC7600170 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (Phgdh), which catalyzes the first step of de novo synthesis of l-serine, are particularly sensitive to depletion of extracellular L-serine. In these cells, depletion of l-serine leads to a rapid reduction of intracellular L-serine, cell growth arrest, and altered expression of a wide variety of genes. However, it remains unclear whether reduced availability of extracellular l-serine elicits such responses in other cell types expressing Phgdh. Here, we show in the mouse hepatoma cell line Hepa1-6 that extracellular l-serine depletion transiently induced transcriptional activation of Atf4-target genes, including cation transport regulator-like protein 1 (Chac1). Expression levels of these genes returned to normal 24 h after l-serine depletion, and were suppressed by the addition of l-serine or glycine in the medium. Extracellular l-serine depletion caused a reduction of extracellular and intracellular glycine levels but maintained intracellular l-serine levels in the cells. Further, Phgdh and serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (Shmt2) were upregulated after l-serine depletion. These results led us to conclude that the Atf4-mediated gene expression program is activated by extracellular l-serine depletion in Hepa1-6 cells expressing Phgdh, but is antagonized by the subsequent upregulation of l-serine synthesis, mainly from autonomous glycine consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Hamano
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Metabolism, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (S.F.)
| | - Shozo Tomonaga
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan;
| | - Yusuke Osaki
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Metabolism, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
| | - Hiroaki Oda
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan;
| | - Hisanori Kato
- Health Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;
| | - Shigeki Furuya
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Metabolism, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
- Innovative Bio-Architecture Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (S.F.)
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Kim KY, Hwang SK, Park SY, Kim MJ, Jun DY, Kim YH. l-Serine protects mouse hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells against oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial damage and apoptotic cell death. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 141:447-460. [PMID: 31326607 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cytoprotective mechanism of l-serine against oxidative stress-mediated neuronal apoptosis was investigated in mouse hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells. Treatment with the reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducer 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (DMNQ) increased cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS and apoptosis, without necrosis, in HT22 cells. ROS-mediated apoptosis was accompanied by the induction of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptotic pathway, involving CHOP/GADD153 upregulation, JNK and p38 MAPK activation, and caspase-12 and caspase-8 activation, and subsequent induction of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway through BAK and BAX activation, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) loss, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation, PARP cleavage, and nucleosomal DNA fragmentation. However, the DMNQ-caused ROS elevation and ER stress- and mitochondrial damage-induced apoptotic events were dose-dependently suppressed by co-treatment with l-serine (7.5-20 mM). Although DMNQ reduced both the intracellular glutathione (GSH) level and the ratios of reduced GSH to oxidized GSH (GSSG), the reduction was restored by co-treatment with l-serine. Co-treatment with GSH or N-acetylcysteine also blocked DMNQ-caused ROS elevation and apoptosis; however, co-treatment with the GSH synthesis inhibitor buthionine sulfoximine significantly promoted ROS-mediated apoptosis and counteracted the protection by l-serine. In HT22 cells, DMNQ treatment appeared to tilt the mitochondrial fusion-fission balance toward fission by down-regulating the levels of profusion proteins (MFN1/2 and OPA1) and inhibitory phosphorylation of profission protein DRP1 at Ser-637, resulting in mitochondrial fragmentation. These DMNQ-caused alterations were prevented by l-serine. A comparison of mitochondrial energetic function between DMNQ- and DMNQ/l-serine-treated HT22 cells showed that the DMNQ-caused impairment of the mitochondrial energy generation capacity was restored by l-serine. These results demonstrate that l-serine can protect neuronal cells against oxidative stress-mediated apoptotic cell death by contributing to intracellular antioxidant GSH synthesis and maintaining the mitochondrial fusion-fission balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Yun Kim
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Su-Kyeong Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Shin Young Park
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Astrogen Inc., Techno-Building 313, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Do Youn Jun
- Astrogen Inc., Techno-Building 313, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
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