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Song K, Ming J, Tao B, Zhao F, Huang S, Wu W, Jiang C, Li X. Emerging glucose oxidase-delivering nanomedicines for enhanced tumor therapy. J Control Release 2025; 381:113580. [PMID: 40024341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2025.02.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2025] [Accepted: 02/25/2025] [Indexed: 03/04/2025]
Abstract
Abnormalities in glucose metabolism have been shown to characterize malignant tumors. Glucose depletion by glucose oxidase (GOD) has shown great potential in tumor therapy by causing tumor starvation. Since 2017, nanomedicines have been designed and utilized to deliver GOD for more precise and effective glucose modulation, which can overcome intrinsic limitations of different cancer therapeutic modalities by remodeling the tumor microenvironment to enhance antitumor therapy. To date, the topic of GOD-delivering nanomedicines for enhancing tumor therapy has not been comprehensively summarized. Herein, this review aims to provide an overview and discuss in detail recent advances in GOD delivery and directly involved starvation therapy strategies, GOD-sensitized various tumor therapy strategies, and GOD-mediated multimodal antitumor strategies. Finally, the challenges and outlooks for the future progress of the emerging tumor therapeutic nanomedicines are discussed. This review provides intuitive and specific insights to a broad audience in the fields of nanomedicines, biomaterials, and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyue Song
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Jiang Ming
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bailong Tao
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Shaorong Huang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Wencheng Wu
- Central Laboratory and Department of Medical Ultrasound, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Cong Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Xianglong Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
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2
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Jia X, Wang E, Wang J. Rational Design of Nanozymes for Engineered Cascade Catalytic Cancer Therapy. Chem Rev 2025; 125:2908-2952. [PMID: 39869790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2025]
Abstract
Nanozymes have shown significant potential in cancer catalytic therapy by strategically catalyzing tumor-associated substances and metabolites into toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in situ, thereby inducing oxidative stress and promoting cancer cell death. However, within the complex tumor microenvironment (TME), the rational design of nanozymes and factors like activity, reaction substrates, and the TME itself significantly influence the efficiency of ROS generation. To address these limitations, recent research has focused on exploring the factors that affect activity and developing nanozyme-based cascade catalytic systems, which can trigger two or more cascade catalytic processes within tumors, thereby producing more therapeutic substances and achieving efficient and stable cancer therapy with minimal side effects. This area has shown remarkable progress. This Perspective provides a comprehensive overview of nanozymes, covering their classification and fundamentals. The regulation of nanozyme activity and efficient strategies of rational design are discussed in detail. Furthermore, representative paradigms for the successful construction of cascade catalytic systems for cancer treatment are summarized with a focus on revealing the underlying catalytic mechanisms. Finally, we address the current challenges and future prospects for the development of nanozyme-based cascade catalytic systems in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuna Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Erkang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Center for Theoretical Interdisciplinary Sciences Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325001, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
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3
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Cai X, Huang Y, Zhu C. Immobilized Multi-Enzyme/Nanozyme Biomimetic Cascade Catalysis for Biosensing Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2025; 14:e2401834. [PMID: 38889805 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Multiple enzyme-induced cascade catalysis has an indispensable role in the process of complex life activities, and is widely used to construct robust biosensors for analyzing various targets. The immobilized multi-enzyme cascade catalysis system is a novel biomimetic catalysis strategy that immobilizes various enzymes with different functions in stable carriers to simulate the synergistic catalysis of multiple enzymes in biological systems, which enables high stability of enzymes and efficiency enzymatic cascade catalysis. Nanozymes, a type of nanomaterial with intrinsic enzyme-like characteristics and excellent stabilities, are also widely applied instead of enzymes to construct immobilized cascade systems, achieving better catalytic performance and reaction stability. Due to good stability, reusability, and remarkably high efficiency, the immobilized multi-enzyme/nanozyme biomimetic cascade catalysis systems show distinct advantages in promoting signal transduction and amplification, thereby attracting vast research interest in biosensing applications. This review focuses on the research progress of the immobilized multi-enzyme/nanozyme biomimetic cascade catalysis systems in recent years. The construction approaches, factors affecting the efficiency, and applications for sensitive biosensing are discussed in detail. Further, their challenges and outlooks for future study are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Cai
- Academy of Nutrition and Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, P.R. China
| | - Yuteng Huang
- Academy of Nutrition and Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, P.R. China
| | - Chengzhou Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P.R. China
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4
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Zhang Y, Zhang N, Gong SP, Chen ZS, Cao HL. Nanozyme-based synergistic therapeutic strategies against tumors. Drug Discov Today 2025; 30:104292. [PMID: 39805540 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2025.104292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2024] [Revised: 12/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2025] [Indexed: 01/16/2025]
Abstract
Cancer remains a global health threat, with traditional treatments limited by adverse effects and drug resistance. Nanozyme-based catalytic therapy with high stability and controllable activity provides targeted and specific in situ tumor treatment to address these challenges. More intriguingly, the tremendous advances in nanotechnology have enabled nanozymes to rival the catalytic activity of natural enzymes, presenting an exciting opportunity for innovating antitumor nanodrugs. This review systematically summarizes the latest progresses in nanozyme-based anticancer catalytic therapy, with a particular focus on various synergistic antitumor strategies, including other functional enzymes, drugs, exogenous stimuli and radiotherapy. These combinations not only enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment and reduce systemic toxicity but also offer insights into the development of potent antitumor nanodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease, College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease, College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shou-Ping Gong
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease, College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John's University NY USA.
| | - Hui-Ling Cao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease, College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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5
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Wang H, He W, Liao J, Wang S, Dai X, Yu M, Xie Y, Chen Y. Catalytic Biomaterials-Activated In Situ Chemical Reactions: Strategic Modulation and Enhanced Disease Treatment. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2025; 37:e2411967. [PMID: 39498674 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202411967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 10/19/2024] [Indexed: 11/07/2024]
Abstract
Chemical reactions underpin biological processes, and imbalances in critical biochemical pathways within organisms can lead to the onset of severe diseases. Within this context, the emerging field of "Nanocatalytic Medicine" leverages nanomaterials as catalysts to modulate fundamental chemical reactions specific to the microenvironments of diseases. This approach is designed to facilitate the targeted synthesis and localized accumulation of therapeutic agents, thus enhancing treatment efficacy and precision while simultaneously reducing systemic side effects. The effectiveness of these nanocatalytic strategies critically hinges on a profound understanding of chemical kinetics and the intricate interplay of reactions within particular pathological microenvironments to ensure targeted and effective catalytic actions. This review methodically explores in situ catalytic reactions and their associated biomaterials, emphasizing regulatory strategies that control therapeutic responses. Furthermore, the discussion encapsulates the crucial elements-reactants, catalysts, and reaction conditions/environments-necessary for optimizing the thermodynamics and kinetics of these reactions, while rigorously addressing both the biochemical and biophysical dimensions of the disease microenvironments to enhance therapeutic outcomes. It seeks to clarify the mechanisms underpinning catalytic biomaterials and evaluate their potential to revolutionize treatment strategies across various pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijing Wang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Wenjin He
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liao
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Dai
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Meihua Yu
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Xie
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Materdicine, Shanghai, 200051, P. R. China
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6
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Wang D, Qiu X, Hao L, Fan Z, Wang S, Li C. P-selectin-targeted Polyguluronate sulfate-copper peroxide Nanomicelles for Chemodynamic therapy of breast Cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 283:137818. [PMID: 39566788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.137818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 11/10/2024] [Accepted: 11/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/22/2024]
Abstract
The exploration of efficient and safe chemodynamic therapy (CDT)-based cancer treatment is expected but still faces challenges. Herein, a kind of multifunctional nanomicelles was constructed for CDT, combined with biocompatible polysaccharides as nanocarriers, pH responsiveness and active targeting of P-selectin overexpressed tumors. The P-selectin-targeted ligand, polyguluronate sulfate (PGS), complexed with copper peroxide to form PGS-Cu nanomicelles by electrostatic interactions. Under acidic conditions, PGS-Cu nanomicelles released copper ions with H2O2 and were able to produce •OH by Fenton-like reaction. In vitro data demonstrated PGS-Cu nanomicelles had high selectivity targeting P-selectin over-expressed cancer cells and induced cell death via CDT. In vivo evaluation showed PGS-Cu nanomicelles were enriched in tumor tissues and significantly inhibited tumor growth. This study identified that PGS-Cu nanomicelles could be a highly effective strategy for CDT cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingfu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotherapeutics, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaolei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotherapeutics, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Lihua Hao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotherapeutics, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zirui Fan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotherapeutics, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shixin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotherapeutics, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory of Marine Glycodrugs Research and Development, Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotherapeutics, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China; Laboratory of Marine Glycodrugs Research and Development, Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, China.
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7
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Lin X, Dong Q, Chang Y, Shi P, Zhang S. Transition-metal-based nanozymes for biosensing and catalytic tumor therapy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:5933-5948. [PMID: 38782780 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05345-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Nanozymes, as an emerging class of enzyme mimics, have attracted much attention due to their adjustable catalytic activity, low cost, easy modification, and good stability. Researchers have made great efforts in developing and applying high-performance nanozymes. Recently, transition-metal-based nanozymes have been designed and widely developed because they possess unique photoelectric properties and high enzyme-like catalytic activities. To highlight these achievements and help researchers to understand the research status of transition-metal-based nanozymes, the development of transition-metal-based nanozymes from material characteristics to biological applications is summarized. Herein, we focus on introducing six categories of transition-metal-based nanozymes and highlight their progress in biomarker sensing and catalytic therapy for tumors. We hope that this review can guide the further development of transition-metal-based nanozymes and promote their practical applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfang Lin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinhui Dong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalin Chang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Shi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Hu P, Jia Z, Zhao S, Lin K, Yang G, Guo W, Yu S, Cheng J, Du G, Shi J. Injectable Therapeutic Hydrogel with H 2O 2 Self-Supplying and GSH Consumption for Synergistic Chemodynamic/Low-Temperature Photothermal Inhibition of Postoperative Tumor Recurrence and Wound Infection. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2401551. [PMID: 38923861 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Postoperative tumor recurrence and wound infection remain significant clinical challenges in surgery, often requiring adjuvant therapies. The combination treatment of photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has proven to be effective in cancer treatment and wound infection. However, the hyperthermia during PTT increases the risk of normal tissue damage, severely impeding its application. Moreover, the efficacy of CDT is limited by insufficient hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and excessive glutathione (GSH) levels at tumor or infection sites. Herein, an injectable and multifunctional CuO2@Au hydrogel system (CuO2@Au Gel) is developed for synergistic CDT and low-temperature PTT (LTPTT) to prevent tumor recurrence and bacterial wound infections. CuO2@Au Gel is constructed by embedding therapeutic CuO2@Au into low-melting point agarose hydrogel. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirm that the CuO2@Au in CuO2@Au Gel is capable of self-supplying H2O2 and depleting GSH, exhibiting effective CDT effect in acidic tumor or bacterial infected microenvironment. Additionally, it exhibits favorable photothermal conversion ability, inducing localized temperature elevation and synergistically enhancing CDT efficiency. The prepared CuO2@Au Gel demonstrates efficient tumor ablation capability in post-surgery recurrence mouse models and exhibits promising anti-infective efficiency in bacterial infection wound models, indicating significant potential in adjuvant therapy for post-surgical treatment and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Hu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Innovation and Transformation, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Zhili Jia
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Innovation and Transformation, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Kunpeng Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Guoye Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Innovation and Transformation, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Wujie Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Innovation and Transformation, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Shuling Yu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Innovation and Transformation, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Innovation and Transformation, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Guanhua Du
- Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Innovation and Transformation, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, P. R. China
| | - Jiahua Shi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Innovation and Transformation, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
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9
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Xiong R, Zhu X, Zhao J, Ling G, Zhang P. Nanozymes-Mediated Cascade Reaction System for Tumor-Specific Diagnosis and Targeted Therapy. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301676. [PMID: 38480992 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/18/2024]
Abstract
Cascade reactions are described as efficient and versatile tools, and organized catalytic cascades can significantly improve the efficiency of chemical interworking between nanozymes. They have attracted great interest in many fields such as chromogenic detection, biosensing, tumor diagnosis, and therapy. However, how to selectively kill tumor cells by enzymatic reactions without harming normal cells, as well as exploring two or more enzyme-engineered nanoreactors for cascading catalytic reactions, remain great challenges in the field of targeted and specific cancer diagnostics and therapy. The latest research advances in nanozyme-catalyzed cascade processes for cancer diagnosis and therapy are described in this article. Here, various sensing strategies are summarized, for tumor-specific diagnostics. Targeting mechanisms for tumor treatment using cascade nanozymes are classified and analyzed, "elements" and "dimensions" of cascade nanozymes, types, designs of structure, and assembly modes of highly active and specific cascade nanozymes, as well as a variety of new strategies of tumor targeting based on the cascade reaction of nanozymes. Finally, the integrated application of the cascade nanozymes systems in tumor-targeted and specific diagnostic therapy is summarized, which will lay the foundation for the design of more rational, efficient, and specific tumor diagnostic and therapeutic modalities in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruru Xiong
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jiuhong Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Guixia Ling
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
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10
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Xu X, Zhang Y, Meng C, Zheng W, Wang L, Zhao C, Luo F. Nanozymes in cancer immunotherapy: metabolic disruption and therapeutic synergy. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:9111-9143. [PMID: 39177061 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00769g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, there has been a growing emphasis on investigating the role of immunotherapy in cancer treatment. However, it faces challenges such as limited efficacy, a diminished response rate, and serious adverse effects. Nanozymes, a subset of nanomaterials, demonstrate boundless potential in cancer catalytic therapy for their tunable activity, enhanced stability, and cost-effectiveness. By selectively targeting the metabolic vulnerabilities of tumors, they can effectively intensify the destruction of tumor cells and promote the release of antigenic substances, thereby eliciting immune clearance responses and impeding tumor progression. Combined with other therapies, they synergistically enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. Hence, a large number of metabolism-regulating nanozymes with synergistic immunotherapeutic effects have been developed. This review summarizes recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy facilitated by nanozymes, focusing on engineering nanozymes to potentiate antitumor immune responses by disturbing tumor metabolism and performing synergistic treatment. The challenges and prospects in this field are outlined. We aim to provide guidance for nanozyme-mediated immunotherapy and pave the way for achieving durable tumor eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chijun Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenzhuo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenyi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng Luo
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, Renmin Nanlu, Chengdu 610041, China.
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11
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Bu JW, Wang ZG, Liu HY, Liu SL. Metal nanozymes modulation of reactive oxygen species as promising strategies for cancer therapy. Int J Pharm 2024; 662:124453. [PMID: 39013531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Nanozymes, nanostructured materials emulating natural enzyme activities, exhibit potential in catalyzing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production for cancer treatment. By facilitating oxidative reactions, elevating ROS levels, and influencing the tumor microenvironment (TME), nanozymes foster the eradication of cancer cells. Noteworthy are their superior stability, ease of preservation, and cost-effectiveness compared to natural enzymes, rendering them invaluable for medical applications. This comprehensive review intricately explores the interplay between ROS and tumor therapy, with a focused examination of metal-based nanozyme strategies mitigating tumor hypoxia. It provides nuanced insights into diverse catalytic processes, mechanisms, and surface modifications of various metal nanozymes, shedding light on their role in intra-tumoral ROS generation and applications in antioxidant therapy. The review concludes by delineating specific potential prospects and challenges associated with the burgeoning use of metal nanozymes in future tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Wei Bu
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wang
- College of Chemistry and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Yang Liu
- College of Chemistry and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China; College of Chemistry and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
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12
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Fang X, Gong R, Yang D, Li C, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Nie G, Li M, Peng X, Zhang B. NIR-II Light-Driven Genetically Engineered Exosome Nanocatalysts for Efficient Phototherapy against Glioblastoma. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15251-15263. [PMID: 38780071 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) poses a significant therapeutic challenge due to its invasive nature and limited drug penetration through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In response, here we present an innovative biomimetic approach involving the development of genetically engineered exosome nanocatalysts (Mn@Bi2Se3@RGE-Exos) for efficient GBM therapy via improving the BBB penetration and enzyme-like catalytic activities. Interestingly, a photothermally activatable multiple enzyme-like reactivity is observed in such a nanosystem. Upon NIR-II light irradiation, Mn@Bi2Se3@RGE-Exos are capable of converting hydrogen peroxide into hydroxyl radicals, oxygen, and superoxide radicals, providing a peroxidase (POD), oxidase (OXD), and catalase (CAT)-like nanocatalytic cascade. This consequently leads to strong oxidative stresses to damage GBM cells. In vitro, in vivo, and proteomic analysis further reveal the potential of Mn@Bi2Se3@RGE-Exos for the disruption of cellular homeostasis, enhancement of immunological response, and the induction of cancer cell ferroptosis, showcasing a great promise in anticancer efficacy against GBM with a favorable biosafety profile. Overall, the success of this study provides a feasible strategy for future design and clinical study of stimuli-responsive nanocatalytic medicine, especially in the context of challenging brain cancers like GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyang Fang
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Medical School, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Rui Gong
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Medical School, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
- Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Decai Yang
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Medical School, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Medical School, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Medical School, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Medical School, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Guohui Nie
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Medical School, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Mingle Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Medical School, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Medical School, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Medical School, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
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Dong K, Wang D, Lin L, Niu P, Wang Y, Tan Q, Xing J. Construction and evaluation of a nanosystem that combines acidification promoted chemodynamic therapy and intracellular drug release monitoring. J Biotechnol 2024; 383:13-26. [PMID: 38325656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly invasive subtype of breast cancer that seriously affects women's physical and mental health. Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) induces cell death by specifically generating Fenton/Fenton-like reactions within tumor cells. However, the weak acidity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) greatly weakens the effectiveness of CDT. This work constructed a kind of P-CAIDF/PT nanoparticles (NPs), composed of two Pluronic F127 (PF127) based polymers: one was PF127-CAI (P-CAI), composed by connecting PF127 with the carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) inhibitor (CAI); the other was PF127-SS-TPE (PT), composed of PF127 and the aggregation-induced emission molecule, tetraphenylethylene (TPE), via the linkage of disulfide bonds. The two polymers were employed to construct the doxorubicin (DOX) and ferrocene (Fc) co-loaded P-CAIDF/PT NPs through the film dispersion method. After being administrated via i.v., P-CAIDF/PT could be accumulated in the TME by the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and engulfed by tumor cells. P-CAI induced intracellular acidification by inhibiting the overexpressed CA IX, thus promoting CDT by enhancing the Fc-mediated Fenton reaction. The acidification-enhanced CDT combined with the DOX-mediated chemotherapy could improve the therapeutic effect on TNBC. Moreover, P-CAIDF/PT also monitored the intracellular drug release processes through the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) effect depending on the inherent DOX/TPE pair. In conclusion, the P-CAIDF/PT nanosystem can achieve the combination therapy of acidification-enhanced CDT and chemotherapy as well as therapy monitoring, thus providing new ideas for the design and development of TNBC therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Danyang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Leiruo Lin
- Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peilin Niu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yidong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qichao Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianfeng Xing
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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