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Liu Z, Shi Y, Yang Q, Shen H, Fan Q, Nie H. Effects of crystal structure and electronic properties on lithium storage performance of artificial graphite. RSC Adv 2023; 13:29923-29930. [PMID: 37842664 PMCID: PMC10571507 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05785b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphite is nowadays commonly used as the main component of anode materials of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). It is essential to deeply investigate the fundamentals of artificial graphite to obtain excellent anode, especially crystal structure and electronic properties. In this report, a series of graphite with different crystal structure were synthesized and used for anodes of LIBs. Meanwhile, a concise method is designed to evaluate qualitatively the conductivity of lithium ion (σLi) and a profound mechanism of lithium storage was revealed in terms of solid state theory. The conductivity analysis demonstrates that the graphite with longer crystal plane and lower stacking layers possesses higher conductivity of electron (σe). On the other hand, lower initial charge/discharge voltage indicates the graphite with lower La and higher Lc holds higher conductivity of lithium ion (σLi). According to the solid state theory, graphite is considered to be a semi-conductor with zero activation energy, while the lithium intercalated graphite is like a conductor. The conductivity of graphite mainly depends on the σe, while the conductivity of lithium intercalated graphite can be determined by the summation of σe and σLi. In lower charge/discharge rate, Li+ have enough time to insert into the graphitic layer, making the special capacity of graphite primarily determined by σe. However, with the increase of charge/discharge rate, Li+ insertion/extraction will become more difficult, making σLi become the mainly factor of the graphite special capacity. Therefore, the graphite with longer crystal plane and lower stacking layers owns higher specific capacity under slow charge/discharge rate, the graphite with shorter crystal plane and higher stacking layers shows relatively lower specific capacity under rapid charge/discharge rate. These results provide important insights into the design and improvement of graphite's electrochemical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Liu
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC Beijing 100083 PR China
| | - Yang Shi
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC Beijing 100083 PR China
| | - Qinghe Yang
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC Beijing 100083 PR China
| | - Haiping Shen
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC Beijing 100083 PR China
| | - Qiming Fan
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC Beijing 100083 PR China
| | - Hong Nie
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC Beijing 100083 PR China
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2
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Gisbert Roca F, Martínez-Ramos C, Ivashchenko S, García-Bernabé A, Compañ V, Monleón Pradas M. Polylactic Acid Nanofiber Membranes Grafted with Carbon Nanotubes with Enhanced Mechanical and Electrical Properties. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2023; 5:6081-6094. [PMID: 38344007 PMCID: PMC10852358 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.3c00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Electroconductive materials based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) electrospinning membranes grafted with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) functionalized with the carboxylic group R-COOH have been obtained. PLA electrospun membranes were modified with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to oxidize its surface to subsequently graft the CNTs, the treatment time and drying of the membranes before grafting with CNTs being critical, influencing the final properties of the materials. SEM images showed that CNTs presented a uniform distribution on the surface of the PLA nanofibers, while FTIR spectra of PLA-CNTs materials revealed characteristic hydroxyl groups, as evidenced by absorption peaks of CNTs. Thanks to the grafting with CNTs, the resulting PLA-CNTs membranes present an improvement of the mechanical and conductive properties when compared with PLA membranes. On the one hand, grafting with CNTs causes the nanofibers to have greater rigidity, so they are more manipulable and can more easily preserve their conformation when stress is exerted. On the other hand, grafting with CNTs allows elimination of the insulating barrier of the PLA, reducing the resistivity and providing high electrical conductivity to the PLA-CNTs membranes. The incorporation of CNTs into PLA electrospun membranes is expected to offer greater functionalities to electrospun composite nanofibers for medical and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Gisbert Roca
- Center
for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering. Universitat Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Cristina Martínez-Ramos
- Center
for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering. Universitat Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
- Unitat
Predepartamental de Medicina, Universitat
Jaume I, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Sergiy Ivashchenko
- Center
for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering. Universitat Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Abel García-Bernabé
- Departamento
de Termodinámica Aplicada. Universitat
Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Vicente Compañ
- Departamento
de Termodinámica Aplicada. Universitat
Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Manuel Monleón Pradas
- Center
for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering. Universitat Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
- CIBER-BBN.
Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering Biomaterials
and Nanomedicine. Madrid 28029, Spain
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3
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Qiu Z, Wu A, Yu W, Li A, Dong X, Huang H. Si-TiSi2 clusters eutectic nanoparticles as high initial coulombic efficiency anodes for lithium-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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4
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Huang C, Wilson MD, Suzuki K, Liotti E, Connolley T, Magdysyuk OV, Collins S, Van Assche F, Boone MN, Veale MC, Lui A, Wheater R, Leung CLA. 3D Correlative Imaging of Lithium Ion Concentration in a Vertically Oriented Electrode Microstructure with a Density Gradient. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105723. [PMID: 35404540 PMCID: PMC9165496 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The performance of Li+ ion batteries (LIBs) is hindered by steep Li+ ion concentration gradients in the electrodes. Although thick electrodes (≥300 µm) have the potential for reducing the proportion of inactive components inside LIBs and increasing battery energy density, the Li+ ion concentration gradient problem is exacerbated. Most understanding of Li+ ion diffusion in the electrodes is based on computational modeling because of the low atomic number (Z) of Li. There are few experimental methods to visualize Li+ ion concentration distribution of the electrode within a battery of typical configurations, for example, coin cells with stainless steel casing. Here, for the first time, an interrupted in situ correlative imaging technique is developed, combining novel, full-field X-ray Compton scattering imaging with X-ray computed tomography that allows 3D pixel-by-pixel mapping of both Li+ stoichiometry and electrode microstructure of a LiNi0.8 Mn0.1 Co0.1 O2 cathode to correlate the chemical and physical properties of the electrode inside a working coin cell battery. An electrode microstructure containing vertically oriented pore arrays and a density gradient is fabricated. It is shown how the designed electrode microstructure improves Li+ ion diffusivity, homogenizes Li+ ion concentration through the ultra-thick electrode (1 mm), and improves utilization of electrode active materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Huang
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
- The Faraday InstitutionQuad One, Becquerel Ave, Harwell CampusDidcotOX11 0RAUK
- Department of MaterialsUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3PHUK
- Research Complex at HarwellRutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotOxfordshireOX11 0FAUK
- Department of EngineeringKing's College LondonLondonWC2R 2LSUK
| | - Matthew D. Wilson
- STFC‐UKRIRutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell CampusDidcotOxfordshireOX11 0QXUK
| | - Kosuke Suzuki
- Faculty of Science and TechnologyGunma University1‐5‐1 Tenjin‐cho, KiryuGunma376‐8515Japan
| | - Enzo Liotti
- Department of MaterialsUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3PHUK
| | - Thomas Connolley
- Diamond Light SourceHarwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOxfordshireOX11 0QXUK
| | - Oxana V. Magdysyuk
- Diamond Light SourceHarwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOxfordshireOX11 0QXUK
| | - Stephen Collins
- Diamond Light SourceHarwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOxfordshireOX11 0QXUK
| | - Frederic Van Assche
- Radiation PhysicsDepartment of Physics and AstronomyFaculty of SciencesGhent UniversityProeftuinstraat 86/N12Gent9000Belgium
| | - Matthieu N. Boone
- Radiation PhysicsDepartment of Physics and AstronomyFaculty of SciencesGhent UniversityProeftuinstraat 86/N12Gent9000Belgium
| | - Matthew C. Veale
- STFC‐UKRIRutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell CampusDidcotOxfordshireOX11 0QXUK
| | - Andrew Lui
- Department of MaterialsUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3PHUK
| | - Rhian‐Mair Wheater
- STFC‐UKRIRutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell CampusDidcotOxfordshireOX11 0QXUK
| | - Chu Lun Alex Leung
- Research Complex at HarwellRutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotOxfordshireOX11 0FAUK
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 7JEUK
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5
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Magri M, Boz B, Cabras L, Salvadori A. Quantitative investigation of the influence of electrode morphology in the electro-chemo-mechanical response of li-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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6
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Hamed H, Henderick L, Choobar BG, D'Haen J, Detavernier C, Hardy A, Safari M. A limitation map of performance for porous electrodes in lithium-ion batteries. iScience 2021; 24:103496. [PMID: 34934918 PMCID: PMC8661466 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Driven by expanding interest in battery storage solutions and the success story of lithium-ion batteries, the research for the discovery and optimization of new battery materials and concepts is at peak. The generation of experimental (dis)charge data using coin cells is fast and feasible and proves to be a favorite practice in the battery research labs. The quantitative interpretation of the data, however, is not trivial and decelerates the process of screening and optimization of electrode materials and recipes. Here, we introduce the concept of polarographic map and demonstrate how it can be leveraged to quantify the contribution of different non-equilibrium phenomena to the performance limitation and total polarization of a lithium-ion cell. We showcase the accuracy and diagnostic power of this approach by preparing and analyzing the electrochemical performance of 54 sets of LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2 electrodes with different formulations and designs discharged in a range of 0.2C-5C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Hamed
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO-imomec), UHasselt, Martelarenlaan 42, B-3500 Hasselt, Belgium
- Energyville, Thor Park 8320, B-3600 Genk, Belgium
| | - Lowie Henderick
- Department of Solid State Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S1, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Behnam Ghalami Choobar
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO-imomec), UHasselt, Martelarenlaan 42, B-3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Jan D'Haen
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO-imomec), UHasselt, Martelarenlaan 42, B-3500 Hasselt, Belgium
- IMEC Division IMOMEC, BE-3590 Belgium
| | - Christophe Detavernier
- Department of Solid State Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S1, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - An Hardy
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO-imomec), UHasselt, Martelarenlaan 42, B-3500 Hasselt, Belgium
- Energyville, Thor Park 8320, B-3600 Genk, Belgium
- IMEC Division IMOMEC, BE-3590 Belgium
| | - Mohammadhosein Safari
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO-imomec), UHasselt, Martelarenlaan 42, B-3500 Hasselt, Belgium
- Energyville, Thor Park 8320, B-3600 Genk, Belgium
- IMEC Division IMOMEC, BE-3590 Belgium
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7
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Huang Q, Ni S, Jiao M, Zhong X, Zhou G, Cheng HM. Aligned Carbon-Based Electrodes for Fast-Charging Batteries: A Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007676. [PMID: 33870632 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fast-charging batteries have attracted great attention, and are anticipated to charge electrical vehicles and consumer electronics to full-capacity in several minutes. However, commercial electrode materials in batteries generally have a limited rate performance and are difficult to be used in fast-charging batteries. Designing electrodes with an aligned structure is an effective way to shorten the ion transport path and improve the rate performance of a battery. The excellent electronic conductivity of carbon-based electrodes is another key factor for increasing the rate capability of rechargeable batteries. Therefore, aligned carbon-based electrodes (ACBEs) can significantly improve the power density by combining the advantages of an aligned structure and carbon-based materials. In this review, the mechanism, advantages, and challenges of ACBEs for fast-charging batteries are evaluated, and then the design and preparation methods of ACBEs based on their different dimensions are summarized, and their applications in different batteries are illustrated. Finally, the future development of ACBEs for fast-charging batteries is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qikai Huang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shuyan Ni
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Miaolun Jiao
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiongwei Zhong
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Guangmin Zhou
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
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8
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Design of 3D Carbon Nanotube Monoliths for Potential-Controlled Adsorption. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11209390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The design of 3D monoliths provides a promising opportunity to scale the unique properties of singular carbon nanotubes to a macroscopic level. However, the synthesis of carbon nanotube monoliths is often characterized by complex procedures and additives impairing the later macroscopic properties. Here, we present a simple and efficient synthesis protocol leading to the formation of free-standing, stable, and highly conductive 3D carbon nanotube monoliths for later application in potential-controlled adsorption in aqueous systems. We synthesized monoliths displaying high tensile strength, excellent conductivity (up to 140 S m−1), and a large specific surface area (up to 177 m2 g−1). The resulting monoliths were studied as novel electrode materials for the reversible electrosorption of maleic acid. The process principle was investigated using chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry in a two-electrode setup. A stable electrochemical behavior was observed, and the synthesized monoliths displayed capacitive and faradaic current responses. At moderate applied overpotentials (± 500 mV vs. open circuit potential), the monolithic electrodes showed a high loading capacity (~20 µmol g−1) and reversible potential-triggered release of the analyte. Our results demonstrate that carbon nanotube monoliths can be used as novel electrode material to control the adsorption of small organic molecules onto charged surfaces.
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9
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Tuci G, Liu Y, Rossin A, Guo X, Pham C, Giambastiani G, Pham-Huu C. Porous Silicon Carbide (SiC): A Chance for Improving Catalysts or Just Another Active-Phase Carrier? Chem Rev 2021; 121:10559-10665. [PMID: 34255488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
There is an obvious gap between efforts dedicated to the control of chemicophysical and morphological properties of catalyst active phases and the attention paid to the search of new materials to be employed as functional carriers in the upgrading of heterogeneous catalysts. Economic constraints and common habits in preparing heterogeneous catalysts have narrowed the selection of active-phase carriers to a handful of materials: oxide-based ceramics (e.g. Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, and aluminosilicates-zeolites) and carbon. However, these carriers occasionally face chemicophysical constraints that limit their application in catalysis. For instance, oxides are easily corroded by acids or bases, and carbon is not resistant to oxidation. Therefore, these carriers cannot be recycled. Moreover, the poor thermal conductivity of metal oxide carriers often translates into permanent alterations of the catalyst active sites (i.e. metal active-phase sintering) that compromise the catalyst performance and its lifetime on run. Therefore, the development of new carriers for the design and synthesis of advanced functional catalytic materials and processes is an urgent priority for the heterogeneous catalysis of the future. Silicon carbide (SiC) is a non-oxide semiconductor with unique chemicophysical properties that make it highly attractive in several branches of catalysis. Accordingly, the past decade has witnessed a large increase of reports dedicated to the design of SiC-based catalysts, also in light of a steadily growing portfolio of porous SiC materials covering a wide range of well-controlled pore structure and surface properties. This review article provides a comprehensive overview on the synthesis and use of macro/mesoporous SiC materials in catalysis, stressing their unique features for the design of efficient, cost-effective, and easy to scale-up heterogeneous catalysts, outlining their success where other and more classical oxide-based supports failed. All applications of SiC in catalysis will be reviewed from the perspective of a given chemical reaction, highlighting all improvements rising from the use of SiC in terms of activity, selectivity, and process sustainability. We feel that the experienced viewpoint of SiC-based catalyst producers and end users (these authors) and their critical presentation of a comprehensive overview on the applications of SiC in catalysis will help the readership to create its own opinion on the central role of SiC for the future of heterogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Tuci
- Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, ICCOM-CNR and Consorzio INSTM, Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - Yuefeng Liu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, 116023 Dalian, China
| | - Andrea Rossin
- Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, ICCOM-CNR and Consorzio INSTM, Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - Xiangyun Guo
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Charlotte Pham
- SICAT SARL, 20 place des Halles, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Giuliano Giambastiani
- Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, ICCOM-CNR and Consorzio INSTM, Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy.,Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES), ECPM, UMR 7515 of the CNRS-University of Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Cuong Pham-Huu
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES), ECPM, UMR 7515 of the CNRS-University of Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
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10
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Huang D, Lu Z, Xu Q, Liu X, Yi W, Gao J, Chen Z, Wang X, Fu X. Nano-porous Al/Au skeleton to support MnO 2 with enhanced performance and electrodeposition adhesion for flexible supercapacitors. RSC Adv 2021; 11:21405-21413. [PMID: 35478838 PMCID: PMC9034163 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01923f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A nano-porous Al/Au skeleton is constructed to effectively improve the utilization rate of the active MnO2 and the overall adhesion between the current collector and MnO2 in an electrodeposition system. The Al/Au current collector is prepared by first forming a nano-porous structure on the surface of Al foil through etching modification, and subsequently coating an ultra-thin Au layer onto the Al foil. The active MnO2 is electrodeposited on the Al/Au current collector to fabricate a novel Al/Au/MnO2 electrode. The nano-porous skeleton supports MnO2 to grow autonomously inside-out. The ultra-thin Au layer acts as a transition layer to improve the overall conductivity of the current collector (0.35 Ω m−1) and to improve the adhesion with MnO2 as well. Owing to the highly porous structure, the electrochemical properties of the electrode are greatly improved, as evidenced by a remarkable specific capacitance of 222.13 mF cm−2 at 0.2 mA cm−2 and excellent rate capability of 63% capacitance retention at 6.0 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the assembled solid-state symmetric supercapacitor exhibits a high energy density of 0.68 mW h cm−3, excellent cyclic stability (86.3% capacitance retention after 2000 cycles), and prominent flexibility. A nano-porous Al/Au skeleton is constructed to effectively improve the utilization rate of the active MnO2 and the overall adhesion between the current collector and MnO2 in an electrodeposition system.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Du Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Zhenya Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Qian Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Xingyue Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Wenbin Yi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Junning Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Zhiwu Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Xiaoyi Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
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11
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Wu Y, Zhao X, Shang Y, Chang S, Dai L, Cao A. Application-Driven Carbon Nanotube Functional Materials. ACS NANO 2021; 15:7946-7974. [PMID: 33988980 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube functional materials (CNTFMs) represent an important research field in transforming nanoscience and nanotechnology into practical applications, with potential impact in a wide realm of science, technology, and engineering. In this review, we combine the state-of-the-art research activities of CNTFMs with the application prospect, to highlight critical issues and identify future challenges. We focus on macroscopic long fibers, thin films, and bulk sponges which are typical CNTFMs in different dimensions with distinct characteristics, and also cover a variety of derived composite/hierarchical materials. Critical issues related to their structures, properties, and applications as robust conductive skeletons or high-performance flexible electrodes in mechanical and electronic devices, advanced energy conversion and storage systems, and environmental areas have been discussed specifically. Finally, possible solutions and directions are proposed for overcoming current obstacles and promoting future efforts in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizeng Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuewei Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Shang
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shulong Chang
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Linxiu Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Anyuan Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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12
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13
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He X, Yue F, Shang Z, Wang J, Gu W, Huang X. Freestanding symmetrical SiN/Si/SiN composite coated on carbon nanotube paper for a high-performance lithium-ion battery anode based on synergistic effects. RSC Adv 2021; 11:28107-28115. [PMID: 35480735 PMCID: PMC9038024 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04630f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct coating of Si on an elastic carbon nanotube (CNT) network effectively addresses the rapid capacity fading of the Si anode. However, this strategy is hindered by the low Si tap density (Si < 50 nm) since sufficient void space has to be left for accommodating the Si volume change. Also, the mechanical properties of the CNT network as the elastic buffer matrix degrade significantly caused by side reactions of CNT with electrolyte. This work presents a freestanding paper-like anode consisting of a symmetrical sandwich-structured SiN/Si/SiN composite grown on CNT paper. This anode works well (∼259 μA h cm−2 under the current rate of 0.6C after 350 cycles, with a capacity retention of 73.8%) even when the CNT is filled by the composite without void space left for accommodating volume expansion. This is mainly due to the following synergistic effects: on one hand, the stress-compensation phenomenon in the symmetrical sandwich-structured composite balances the volume change-induced stress and thus the composite has a robust mechanical stability with an intact morphology during cycling. On the other hand, the intact composite avoids reaction of CNT with the electrolyte and thus the CNT retains excellent mechanical properties and serves well as the elastic buffer matrix. These two sides interact with each other, enabling the high anode performance. This SiN/Si/SiN@CNT anode shows high reversible specific capacity without sacrificing cycling stability due to the synergistic effects.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi He
- Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Fan Yue
- Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Zhenzhen Shang
- Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Wenhua Gu
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xiaodong Huang
- Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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14
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Immobilization of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils—Performance Assessment in Conditions Similar to a Real Scenario. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10227950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Soil “health” is becoming an increasing concern of modern societies, namely, at the European level, considering its importance to the fields of food, clean water, biodiversity, and even climate change control. On the other hand, human activities are contributing more and more to induce contamination in soils, especially in industrialized societies. This experimental work studies different additives (carbon nanotubes, clay, and Portland cement) with the aim to evaluate their effect on heavy metals, HMs (lead, cooper, nickel, and zinc) immobilization in a contaminated soil in conditions similar to a real scenario. Suspension adsorption tests (fluid-like condition) were performed aiming to supply preliminary information about the adsorption capacity of the soil towards the different HMs tested, while percolation tests (solid-like conditions) were performed aiming to evaluate the HMs immobilization by different additives in conditions similar to a real situation of soil contamination. Results showed that soil particles alone were able to retain considerable amounts of HMs (especially Pb and Cu) which is linked to their fine grain size and the soil high organic matter content. In conditions of good dispersion of the additives, addition of carbon nanotubes or clay can rise the HMs adsorption, except in the case of Zn2+ due to its low electronegativity and high mobility. Moreover, the addition of cement to the soil showed a high capacity to immobilize the HMs which is due to the chemical fixation of the HMs to binder hydration products. In this case, HMs immobilization comes associated with a soil stabilization strategy. The results allow to conclude that the additives, carbon nanotubes and clay, have the potential to minimize HMs mobility in contaminated soils and can be a valid alternative to the usual additive, Portland cement, when tested in conditions similar to a real on-site situation, if the objective is not to induce also soil stabilization, for instance, to enable its use for construction purposes. The results obtained can help designers and decision-makers in the choice of the best materials to remediate HMs contaminated soils.
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15
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Schwan J, Nava G, Mangolini L. Critical barriers to the large scale commercialization of silicon-containing batteries. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:4368-4389. [PMID: 36132933 PMCID: PMC9419004 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00589d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Silicon has received a considerable amount of attention in the last few years because of its large lithiation capacity. Its widespread utilization in real-life lithium-ion batteries has so far been prevented by the plethora of challenges presented by this material. This review discusses the most promising technologies that have been put forward to address these issues. While silicon is now much closer to being compatible with commercial-grade storage devices, some critical barriers still deserve further attention. Most importantly, device performance is strongly dependent on particle size and size distribution, with these parameters strongly controlled by the particle synthesis technique. Moreover, the nanoparticle synthesis technique ultimately controls the material manufacturing cost and compatibility with large-scale utilization. These issues are discussed in detail, and recommendations to the community are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Schwan
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of California Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Giorgio Nava
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of California Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Lorenzo Mangolini
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of California Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
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16
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Bicontinuous phase separation of lithium-ion battery electrodes for ultrahigh areal loading. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:21155-21161. [PMID: 32817417 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2007250117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrathick battery electrodes are appealing as they reduce the fraction of inactive battery parts such as current collectors and separators. However, thick electrodes are difficult to dry and tend to crack or flake during production. Moreover, the electrochemical performance of thick electrodes is constrained by ion and electron transport as well as fast capacity degradation. Here, we report a thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) process for fabricating thick Li-ion battery electrodes, which incorporates the electrolyte directly in the electrode and alleviates the need to dry the electrode. The proposed TIPS process creates a bicontinuous electrolyte and electrode network with excellent ion and electron transport, respectively, and consequently achieves better rate performance. Using this process, electrodes with areal capacities of more than 30 mAh/cm2 are demonstrated. Capacity retentions of 87% are attained over 500 cycles in full cells with 1-mm-thick anodes and cathodes. Finally, we verified the scalability of the TIPS process by coating thick electrodes continuously on a pilot-scale roll-to-roll coating tool.
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17
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Shi B, Shang Y, Pei Y, Pei S, Wang L, Heider D, Zhao YY, Zheng C, Yang B, Yarlagadda S, Chou TW, Fu KK. Low Tortuous, Highly Conductive, and High-Areal-Capacity Battery Electrodes Enabled by Through-thickness Aligned Carbon Fiber Framework. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:5504-5512. [PMID: 32551672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Thick electrode with high-areal-capacity is a practical and promising strategy to increase the energy density of batteries, but development toward thick electrode is limited by the electrochemical performance, mechanical properties, and manufacturing approaches. In this work, we overcome these limitations and report an ultrathick electrode structure, called fiber-aligned thick or FAT electrode, which offers a novel electrode design and a scalable manufacturing strategy for high-areal-capacity battery electrodes. The FAT electrode uses aligned carbon fibers to construct a through-thickness fiber-aligned electrode structure with features of high electrode material loading, low tortuosity, high electrical and thermal conductivity, and good compression property. The low tortuosity of FAT electrode enables fast electrolyte infusion and rapid electron/ion transport, exhibiting a higher capacity retention and lower charge transfer resistance than conventional slurry-casted thick electrode design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohui Shi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Yuanyuan Shang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Yong Pei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Shaopeng Pei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Liyun Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Dirk Heider
- Center for Composite Materials, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Yong Y Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Chaolun Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Bao Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Shridhar Yarlagadda
- Center for Composite Materials, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Tsu-Wei Chou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Center for Composite Materials, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Kun Kelvin Fu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Center for Composite Materials, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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18
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Basheer BV, George JJ, Siengchin S, Parameswaranpillai J. Polymer grafted carbon nanotubes—Synthesis, properties, and applications: A review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2020.100429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Goh GL, Agarwala S, Yeong WY. Aerosol-Jet-Printed Preferentially Aligned Carbon Nanotube Twin-Lines for Printed Electronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019. [PMID: 31660713 DOI: 10.1002/admi.201801318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The alignment of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is of great importance for the fabrication of high-speed electronic devices such as a transistor as the electron mobilities can be greatly enhanced with aligned CNT architectures. Here, we report, for the first time, a methodology to obtain preferentially aligned CNT traces on a flexible polyimide substrate utilizing the high-resolution aerosol jet printing technique and evaporation-driven self-assembly process. A self-assembled twin-line of CNT ("coffee-ring" effect) is observed in the deposit patterns, and the field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images reveal highly self-ordered CNT in the resulting CNT twin-line. Various aerosol jet parameters have been investigated to obtain printed tracks in the range of 30-80 μm and conductive tracks (single CNT twin-line width) in the range of 600-1500 nm. The smallest CNT twin-line obtained in this experiment is found to be approximately 16 μm using a suitable sheath-to-atomizer flow ratio. Image analysis of FESEM images confirms the formation of aligned CNT traces at the ink periphery. The effect of the line width on the degree of alignment of the CNT is studied and evaluated. The electrical resistance of the CNT trace is adjustable by controlling the number of print passes and print speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Liang Goh
- Singapore Center for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798
| | - Shweta Agarwala
- Department of Engineering , Aarhus University , 8200 Aarhus N , Denmark
| | - Wai Yee Yeong
- Singapore Center for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798
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20
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Jessl S, Copic D, Engelke S, Ahmad S, De Volder M. Hydrothermal Coating of Patterned Carbon Nanotube Forest for Structured Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1901201. [PMID: 31544336 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the arrangement and interface of nanoparticles is essential to achieve good transfer of charge, heat, or mechanical load. This is particularly challenging in systems requiring hybrid nanoparticle mixtures such as combinations of organic and inorganic materials. This work presents a process to coat vertically aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) forests with metal oxide nanoparticles using microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis. Hydrothermal processes normally damage delicate CNT forests, which is addressed here by a combination of lithographic patterning, transfer printing, and reduction of the synthesis time. This process is applied for the fabrication of structured Li-ion battery (LIB) electrodes where the aligned CNTs provide a straight electron transport path through the electrode and the hydrothermal coating process is used to coat the CNTs with conversion anode materials for LIBs. These nanoparticles are anchored on the surface of the CNTs and batteries fabricated following this process show a fourfold longer cyclability. Finally, this process is used to create thick electrodes (350 µm) with a gravimetric capacity of over 900 mAh g-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Jessl
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, UK
| | - Davor Copic
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, UK
| | - Simon Engelke
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, UK
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Shahab Ahmad
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, UK
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Michael De Volder
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, UK
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21
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Sohn Y, Kim D, Park SH, Lee SE. Seamless Tube-Type Heater with Uniform Thickness and Temperature Distribution Based on Carbon Nanotubes Aligned by Circumferential Shearing. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12203283. [PMID: 31601030 PMCID: PMC6829887 DOI: 10.3390/ma12203283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The uniform temperature distribution, one of the requirements for long-term durability, is essential for composite heaters. An analytical model for temperature distribution of a tube-type heater was derived, and it revealed that thickness uniformity is one order more important than intrinsic material properties such as density, heat capacity, and electrical conductivity of the heating tube. We introduced a circumferential shearing process to fabricate a flexible, seamless tube-type heating layer of carbon nanotube/silicone rubber composite with outstanding uniform distribution of thickness and temperature, which may be attributed to a shorter characteristic dimension in the circumferential direction than in the axial direction. The temperature uniformity was experimentally verified at various temperatures under heating. The difference in measured thickness and temperature in circumferential direction was within ±1.3~3.0% (for tavg = 352.7 μm) and ±1.1% (for Tavg = 138.8 °C), respectively, all over the heating tube. Therefore, the circumferential shearing process can be effective for cylindrical heaters, like a heating layer of a laser printer, which fuse toners onto papers during printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonchul Sohn
- Department of Welding & Joining Science Engineering, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea.
| | - Dongearn Kim
- Molds & Dies Technology Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 7-47 Songdo-dong, Yeonsoo-gu, Incheon 21999, Korea.
| | - Sung-Hoon Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Soongsil University, 369 Sangdo-ro, Donjak-gu, Seoul 06978, Korea.
| | - Sang-Eui Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, Inha-ro 100, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea.
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangmin Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Lin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Guangwu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yi Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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23
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Panahi A, Wei Z, Song G, Levendis YA. Influence of Stainless-Steel Catalyst Substrate Type and Pretreatment on Growing Carbon Nanotubes from Waste Postconsumer Plastics. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b05770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aidin Panahi
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Zixiang Wei
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Guangchao Song
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yiannis A. Levendis
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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24
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Manzetti S, Gabriel JCP. Methods for dispersing carbon nanotubes for nanotechnology applications: liquid nanocrystals, suspensions, polyelectrolytes, colloids and organization control. INTERNATIONAL NANO LETTERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40089-018-0260-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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25
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Wang J, Sun Q, Gao X, Wang C, Li W, Holness FB, Zheng M, Li R, Price AD, Sun X, Sham TK, Sun X. Toward High Areal Energy and Power Density Electrode for Li-Ion Batteries via Optimized 3D Printing Approach. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:39794-39801. [PMID: 30372018 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b14797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
High-energy and high-power-density lithium-ion batteries are promising energy storage systems for future portable electronics and electric vehicles. Here, three-dimensional (3D) patterned electrodes are created through the paste-extrusion-based 3D printing technique realizing a trade-off between high energy density and power density. The 3D electrodes possess several distinct merits over traditional flat thick electrodes, such as higher surface area, shorter ion transport path, and improved mechanical strength. Benefiting from these advantages, the 3D-printed thick electrodes present the higher specific capacity and improved cycling stability compared with those of the conventional thick electrodes. Upon comparison to the previous studies on 3D-printed electrodes, this study investigates the influence and optimization of 3D-printed LiFePO4 (LFP) electrodes with three different geometric shapes to achieve a high rate performance and long-term cycling stability. Accordingly, a series of 3D electrodes with different thickness were created, and an ultrathick (1500 μm) 3D-patterned electrode exhibits a high areal capacity of around 7.5 mA h cm-2, presenting remarkable value for state-of-the-art LFP cathodes. This work demonstrates patternable 3D printing as a potential strategy to fabricate thick electrodes toward high areal energy density and power density, which holds great promise for the future development of high-performance energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Wang
- Soochow University-Western University Center for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B9 , Canada
- Department of Chemistry , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B7 , Canada
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B9 , Canada
| | - Xuejie Gao
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B9 , Canada
- Department of Chemistry , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B7 , Canada
| | - Changhong Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B9 , Canada
| | - Weihan Li
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B9 , Canada
- Department of Chemistry , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B7 , Canada
| | - Frederick Benjamin Holness
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B9 , Canada
| | - Matthew Zheng
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B9 , Canada
| | - Ruying Li
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B9 , Canada
| | - Aaron David Price
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B9 , Canada
| | - Xuhui Sun
- Soochow University-Western University Center for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Tsun-Kong Sham
- Department of Chemistry , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B7 , Canada
| | - Xueliang Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B9 , Canada
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26
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Liu M, Xu M, Xue Y, Ni W, Huo S, Wu L, Yang Z, Yan YM. Efficient Capacitive Deionization Using Natural Basswood-Derived, Freestanding, Hierarchically Porous Carbon Electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:31260-31270. [PMID: 30141323 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b08232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Carbon electrodes are of great importance in constructing high-performance capacitive deionization (CDI) devices. However, the use of conventional carbon electrodes for CDI is limited because of their poor mechanical stability and low mass loading. Herein, we report a binder-free, freestanding, robust, and ultrathick carbon electrode derived from a wood carbon framework (WCF) for CDI applications. The WCF inherits the unique structure of natural basswood, containing straightly aligned channels interconnected with highly ordered, open, and hierarchical pores. A CDI device based on thick WCF electrodes (1200 μm, equal to a mass loading of 50 mg cm-2) exhibits a remarkable areal salt adsorption capacity (SAC) of 0.3 mg cm-2, a high volumetric SAC of 2.4 mg cm-3, and a competitive gravimetric SAC of 5.7 mg g-1. Also, the good mechanical strength and water tolerance of the WCF electrodes improve the cycling stability of the CDI device. Finite element simulations of ion transport behavior indicate that the unique structure of the WCF substantially facilitates ion transport within the ultrathick CDI electrodes. This work provides a viable route to the rational design of freestanding and ultrathick electrodes for CDI applications and offers insights into the structure-performance relationship of CDI electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingquan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Min Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Ni
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Silu Huo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Yang
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Yi-Ming Yan
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
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27
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Liu Z, Yuan Y, Shang Y, Han W. Structural changes and electrical properties of nanowelded multiwalled carbon nanotube junctions. APPLIED OPTICS 2018; 57:7435-7439. [PMID: 30461808 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.007435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study proposes an efficient approach that uses a 1064 nm continuous fiber laser to achieve nanoscale welding of crossed multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). We investigate the effects of laser irradiation time (from 1 to 6 s) on the structure changes and the welding quality of crossed MWCNTs using a scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and Raman spectroscopy. The experimental results demonstrate that (1) after 2 or 3 s laser irradiation, moderate temperature of MWCNTs can be formed and can cause a higher degree of graphitization and (2) the degree of graphitization and effective contact of nanowelded MWCNT junctions strongly affects its electrical properties.
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28
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Gao H, Wu Q, Hu Y, Zheng JP, Amine K, Chen Z. Revealing the Rate-Limiting Li-Ion Diffusion Pathway in Ultrathick Electrodes for Li-Ion Batteries. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:5100-5104. [PMID: 30130117 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the loading of active materials by thickening the battery electrode coating can enhance the energy density of a Li-ion cell, but the trade-off is the much reduced Li+ transport kinetics. To reach the optimum energy and power density for thick electrodes, the effective chemical diffusion coefficient of Li+ ( DLi) must be maximized. However, the diffusion of Li+ inside an electrode is a complex process involving both microscopic and macroscopic processes. Fundamental understandings are needed on the rate-limiting process that governs the diffusion kinetics of Li+ to minimize the negative impact of the large electrode thickness on their electrochemical performance. In this work, lithium Ni-Mn-Co oxide (NMC) cathodes of various thicknesses ranging from 100 to 300 μm were used as a model system to study the rate-limiting diffusion process during charge/discharge. The rate-limiting diffusion coefficient of Li+ was investigated and quantified, which was correlated to the electrochemical performance degradation of thick electrodes. It is revealed here that the under-utilization of the active material was caused by the limited diffusion of Li+ inside the porous electrode, leading to a critical electrode thickness, beyond which the specific capacity was significantly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- Chemical Science and Engineering Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida A&M University-Florida State University College of Engineering , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32310 , United States
| | - Yixin Hu
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27514 , United States
| | - Jim P Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida A&M University-Florida State University College of Engineering , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32310 , United States
| | - Khalil Amine
- Chemical Science and Engineering Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Zonghai Chen
- Chemical Science and Engineering Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
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29
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Okashy S, Luski S, Elias Y, Aurbach D. Practical anodes for Li-ion batteries comprising metallurgical silicon particles and multiwall carbon nanotubes. J Solid State Electrochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-018-4058-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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30
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Huang Y, Li Y, Gong Q, Zhao G, Zheng P, Bai J, Gan J, Zhao M, Shao Y, Wang D, Liu L, Zou G, Zhuang D, Liang J, Zhu H, Nan C. Hierarchically Mesostructured Aluminum Current Collector for Enhancing the Performance of Supercapacitors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:16572-16580. [PMID: 29701451 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b03647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) current collector is one of the most important components of supercapacitors, and its performance has vital effects on the electrochemical performance and cyclic stability of supercapacitors. In the present work, a scalable and low-cost, yet highly efficient, picosecond laser processing method of Al current collectors was developed to improve the overall performance of supercapacitors. The laser treatment resulted in hierarchical micro-nanostructures on the surface of the commercial Al foil and reduced the surface oxygen content of the foil. The electrochemical performance of the Al foil with the micro-nanosurface structures was examined in the symmetrical activated carbon-based coin supercapacitors with an organic electrolyte. The results suggest that the laser-treated Al foil (laser-Al) increased the capacitance density of supercapacitors up to 110.1 F g-1 and promoted the rate capability due to its low contact resistance with the carbonaceous electrode and high electrical conductivity derived from its larger specific surface areas and deoxidized surface. In addition, the capacitor with the laser-Al current collector exhibited high cyclic stability with 91.5% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles, 21.3% higher than that with pristine-Al current collector due to its stronger bonding with the carbonaceous electrode that prevented any delamination during aging. Our work has provided a new strategy for improving the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dazhi Wang
- Beijing HCC Energy Technology Co., Ltd , Beijing 100085 , P. R. China
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31
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Kato Y, Shiotani S, Morita K, Suzuki K, Hirayama M, Kanno R. All-Solid-State Batteries with Thick Electrode Configurations. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:607-613. [PMID: 29338266 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the preparation of thick electrode all-solid-state lithium-ion cells in which a large geometric capacity of 15.7 mAh cm-2 was achieved at room temperature using a 600 μm-thick cathode layer. The effect of ionic conductivity on the discharge performance was then examined using two different materials for the solid electrolyte. Furthermore, important morphological information regarding the tortuosity factor was electrochemically extracted from the capacity-current data. The effect of tortuosity on cell performance was also quantitatively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kato
- Toyota Motor Europe NV/SA , Hoge Wei 33, 1930 Zaventem, Belgium
- Toyota Motor Corporation , 1200 Mishuku, Susono, Shizuoka 410-1107, Japan
| | - Shinya Shiotani
- Toyota Motor Corporation , 1200 Mishuku, Susono, Shizuoka 410-1107, Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Keisuke Morita
- Toyota Motor Corporation , 1200 Mishuku, Susono, Shizuoka 410-1107, Japan
| | - Kota Suzuki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Masaaki Hirayama
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Ryoji Kanno
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
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32
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Yang Y, Yang X, Chen S, Zou M, Li Z, Cao A, Yuan Q. Rational Design of Hierarchical Carbon/Mesoporous Silicon Composite Sponges as High-Performance Flexible Energy Storage Electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:22819-22825. [PMID: 28665580 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b05032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructuring silicon (Si) and combining Si with carbon shells have been studied in recent Li-ion battery electrodes, yet it remains a grand challenge to overcome the low electrical conductivity and associated volume change of Si. Here, by first coating a mesoporous SiO2 (meso-SiO2) onto carbon nanotube (CNT) networks and then converting it into a meso-Si layer covered by carbon, we obtained a freestanding, highly porous composite sponge electrode consisting of three-dimensionally interconnected sandwiched carbon-Si-CNT skeletons. In this hierarchical structure, the macropores among the sponge connect to mesopores in the meso-Si layer so that Li+ diffusion is facilitated, whereas the underlying CNT networks serve as conductive paths for electrons transport. Meanwhile, the outer carbon coating on meso-Si could buffer the volume expansion and prevent material shedding. As a result, our sandwiched carbon-Si-CNT electrodes exhibit large specific capacity, high rate capability and long cycle life. The combination of carbon-wrapped meso-Si and CNT sponges might be a potential strategy for developing efficient electrodes in various energy storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shasha Chen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Mingchu Zou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhihao Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Anyuan Cao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
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33
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Submicro-sized porous SiO2/C and SiO2/C/graphene spheres for lithium ion batteries. J Solid State Electrochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-017-3566-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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34
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Mutha HK, Lu Y, Stein IY, Cho HJ, Suss ME, Laoui T, Thompson CV, Wardle BL, Wang EN. Porosimetry and packing morphology of vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays via impedance spectroscopy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:05LT01. [PMID: 28033120 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa53aa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Vertically aligned one-dimensional nanostructure arrays are promising in many applications such as electrochemical systems, solar cells, and electronics, taking advantage of high surface area per unit volume, nanometer length scale packing, and alignment leading to high conductivity. However, many devices need to optimize arrays for device performance by selecting an appropriate morphology. Developing a simple, non-invasive tool for understanding the role of pore volume distribution and interspacing would aid in the optimization of nanostructure morphologies in electrodes. In this work, we combined electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with capacitance measurements and porous electrode theory to conduct in situ porosimetry of vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VA-CNT) forests non-destructively. We utilized the EIS measurements with a pore size distribution model to quantify the average and dispersion of inter-CNT spacing (Γ), stochastically, in carpets that were mechanically densified from [Formula: see text] tubes cm-2 to [Formula: see text] tubes cm-2. Our analysis predicts that the inter-CNT spacing ranges from over 100 ± 50 nm in sparse carpets to sub 10 ± 5 nm in packed carpets. Our results suggest that waviness of CNTs leads to variations in the inter-CNT spacing, which can be significant in sparse carpets. This methodology can be used to predict the performance of many nanostructured devices, including supercapacitors, batteries, solar cells, and semiconductor electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena K Mutha
- Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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35
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Advances in Production and Applications of Carbon Nanotubes. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2017; 375:18. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-017-0102-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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36
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Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Fu L, Meng J, Yu N, Wang J, Wu Y. Si/C Composites as Negative Electrode for High Energy Lithium Ion Batteries. CHINESE J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201600663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- College of Energy and Institute for Electrochemical Energy Storage; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Yusong Zhu
- College of Energy and Institute for Electrochemical Energy Storage; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Lijun Fu
- College of Energy and Institute for Electrochemical Energy Storage; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Jixing Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing Jiangsu 210096 China
| | - Nengfei Yu
- College of Energy and Institute for Electrochemical Energy Storage; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Energy and Institute for Electrochemical Energy Storage; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Yuping Wu
- College of Energy and Institute for Electrochemical Energy Storage; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
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37
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George C, Morris AJ, Modarres M, De Volder M. Structural Evolution of Electrochemically Lithiated MoS 2 Nanosheets and the Role of Carbon Additive in Li-Ion Batteries. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2016; 28:7304-7310. [PMID: 27818575 PMCID: PMC5089058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b02607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the structure and phase changes associated with conversion-type materials is key to optimizing their electrochemical performance in Li-ion batteries. For example, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) offers a capacity up to 3-fold higher (∼1 Ah/g) than the currently used graphite anodes, but they suffer from limited Coulombic efficiency and capacity fading. The lack of insights into the structural dynamics induced by electrochemical conversion of MoS2 still hampers its implementation in high energy-density batteries. Here, by combining ab initio density-functional theory (DFT) simulation with electrochemical analysis, we found new sulfur-enriched intermediates that progressively insulate MoS2 electrodes and cause instability from the first discharge cycle. Because of this, the choice of conductive additives is critical for the battery performance. We investigate the mechanistic role of carbon additive by comparing equal loading of standard Super P carbon powder and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The latter offer a nearly 2-fold increase in capacity and a 45% reduction in resistance along with Coulombic efficiency of over 90%. These insights into the phase changes during MoS2 conversion reactions and stabilization methods provide new solutions for implementing cost-effective metal sulfide electrodes, including Li-S systems in high energy-density batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandramohan George
- Institute
for Manufacturing, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 17 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
- E-mail:
| | - Andrew J. Morris
- Theory
of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- E-mail:
| | - Mohammad
H. Modarres
- Institute
for Manufacturing, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 17 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - Michael De Volder
- Institute
for Manufacturing, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 17 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
- E-mail:
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38
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Kim K, Byun S, Cho I, Ryou MH, Lee YM. Three-Dimensional Adhesion Map Based on Surface and Interfacial Cutting Analysis System for Predicting Adhesion Properties of Composite Electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:23688-23695. [PMID: 27398829 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b06344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Using a surface and interfacial cutting analysis system (SAICAS) that can measure the adhesion strength of a composite electrode at a specific depth from the surface, we can subdivide the adhesion strength of a composite electrode into two classes: (1) the adhesion strength between the Al current collector and the cathode composite electrode (FAl-Ca) and (2) the adhesion strength measured at the mid-depth of the cathode composite electrode (Fmid). Both adhesion strengths, FAl-Ca and Fmid, increase with increasing electrode density and loading level. From the SAICAS measurement, we obtain a mathematical equation that governs the adhesion strength of the composite electrodes. This equation revealed a maximum accuracy of 97.2% and 96.1% for FAl-Ca and Fmid, respectively, for four randomly chosen composite electrodes varying in electrode density and loading level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuman Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University , 125, Dongseodaero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoungwoo Byun
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University , 125, Dongseodaero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Inseong Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University , 125, Dongseodaero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Hyun Ryou
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University , 125, Dongseodaero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Min Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University , 125, Dongseodaero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
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39
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Wu F, Zhao E, Gordon D, Xiao Y, Hu C, Yushin G. Infiltrated Porous Polymer Sheets as Free-Standing Flexible Lithium-Sulfur Battery Electrodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:6365-6371. [PMID: 27168478 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201600757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Free-standing, high-capacity Li2 S electrodes with capacity loadings in the range from 1.5 to 3.8 mA h cm(-2) are produced by using infiltration of active materials into porous carbonized biomass sheets. The proposed electrode design can be effectively utilized for the low-cost fabrication of flexible lithium batteries with high specific energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Enbo Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Daniel Gordon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Yiran Xiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Chenchen Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Gleb Yushin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
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40
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Rocks C, Mitra S, Macias-Montero M, Maguire P, Svrcek V, Levchenko I, Ostrikov K, Mariotti D. Impact of Silicon Nanocrystal Oxidation on the Nonmetallic Growth of Carbon Nanotubes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:19012-19023. [PMID: 27362537 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b02599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube (CNT) growth has been demonstrated recently using a number of nonmetallic semiconducting and metal oxide nanoparticles, opening up pathways for direct CNT synthesis from a number of more desirable templates without the need for metallic catalysts. However, CNT growth mechanisms using these nonconventional catalysts has been shown to largely differ and reamins a challenging synthesis route. In this contribution we show CNT growth from partially oxidized silicon nanocrystals (Si NCs) that exhibit quantum confinement effects using a microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) method. On the basis of solvent and a postsynthesis frgamentation process, we show that oxidation of our Si NCs can be easily controlled. We determine experimentally and explain with theoretical simulations that the Si NCs morphology together with a necessary shell oxide of ∼1 nm is vital to allow for the nonmetallic growth of CNTs. On the basis of chemical analysis post-CNT-growth, we give insight into possible mechanisms for CNT nucleation and growth from our partially oxidized Si NCs. This contribution is of significant importance to the improvement of nonmetallic catalysts for CNT growth and the development of Si NC/CNT interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor Rocks
- Nanotechnology & Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC), Ulster University , Coleraine, Londonderry BT52 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Somak Mitra
- Nanotechnology & Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC), Ulster University , Coleraine, Londonderry BT52 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Macias-Montero
- Nanotechnology & Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC), Ulster University , Coleraine, Londonderry BT52 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Maguire
- Nanotechnology & Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC), Ulster University , Coleraine, Londonderry BT52 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Vladimir Svrcek
- Research Center for Photovoltaics, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Central 2, Umezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Igor Levchenko
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Kostya Ostrikov
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
- Joint CSIRO-QUT Sustainable Materials and Devices Laboratory, CSIRO , P.O. Box 218, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia
| | - Davide Mariotti
- Nanotechnology & Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC), Ulster University , Coleraine, Londonderry BT52 1SA, United Kingdom
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41
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Nano-Welding of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes on Silicon and Silica Surface by Laser Irradiation. NANOMATERIALS 2016; 6:nano6030036. [PMID: 28344293 PMCID: PMC5302519 DOI: 10.3390/nano6030036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a continuous fiber laser (1064 nm wavelength, 30 W/cm²) is used to irradiate multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on different substrate surfaces. Effects of substrates on nano-welding of MWCNTs are investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). For MWCNTs on silica, after 3 s irradiation, nanoscale welding with good quality can be achieved due to breaking C-C bonds and formation of new graphene layers. While welding junctions can be formed until 10 s for the MWCNTs on silicon, the difference of irradiation time to achieve welding is attributed to the difference of thermal conductivity for silica and silicon. As the irradiation time is prolonged up to 12.5 s, most of the MWCNTs are welded to a silicon substrate, which leads to their frameworks of tube walls on the silicon surface. This is because the accumulation of absorbed energy makes the temperature rise. Then chemical reactions among silicon, carbon and nitrogen occur. New chemical bonds of Si-N and Si-C achieve the welding between the MWCNTs and silicon. Vibration modes of Si₃N₄ appear at peaks of 363 cm-1 and 663 cm-1. There are vibration modes of SiC at peaks of 618 cm-1, 779 cm-1 and 973 cm-1. The experimental observation proves chemical reactions and the formation of Si₃N₄ and SiC by laser irradiation.
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42
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Liu X, Liu E, Chao D, Chen L, Liu S, Wang J, Li Y, Zhao J, Kang YM, Shen Z. Large size nitrogen-doped graphene-coated graphite for high performance lithium-ion battery anode. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23228k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A new nitrogen-doped graphene-coated graphite anode achieved a high reversible capacity, surpassing the theoretical value for graphite. The reported scalable synthesis method may also be applied to other anode systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Liu
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- China
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electric Bandgap Materials
- Ministry of Education
| | - Erjia Liu
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | | | - Liang Chen
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- China
| | - Shikun Liu
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- China
| | - Jing Wang
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- China
| | - Yao Li
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- China
| | | | - Yong-Mook Kang
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering
- Dongguk University-Seoul
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
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43
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Mauger A, Julien CM. Nanoscience Supporting the Research on the Negative Electrodes of Li-Ion Batteries. NANOMATERIALS 2015; 5:2279-2301. [PMID: 28347121 PMCID: PMC5304773 DOI: 10.3390/nano5042279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many efforts are currently made to increase the limited capacity of Li-ion batteries using carbonaceous anodes. The way to reach this goal is to move to nano-structured material because the larger surface to volume ratio of particles and the reduction of the electron and Li path length implies a larger specific capacity. Additionally, nano-particles can accommodate such a dilatation/contraction during cycling, resulting in a calendar life compatible with a commercial use. In this review attention is focused on carbon, silicon, and Li₄Ti₅O12 materials, because they are the most promising for applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Mauger
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris6, Institut de Minéralogie et Physique de la Matière Condensée (IMPMC), 4 place Jussieu, Paris 75005, France.
| | - Christian M Julien
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris6, Physicochimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux (PHENIX), UMR 8234, 4 place Jussieu, Paris 75005, France.
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44
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Gittleson FS, Hwang D, Ryu WH, Hashmi SM, Hwang J, Goh T, Taylor AD. Ultrathin Nanotube/Nanowire Electrodes by Spin-Spray Layer-by-Layer Assembly: A Concept for Transparent Energy Storage. ACS NANO 2015; 9:10005-17. [PMID: 26344174 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b03578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Fully integrated transparent devices require versatile architectures for energy storage, yet typical battery electrodes are thick (20-100 μm) and composed of optically absorbent materials. Reducing the length scale of active materials, assembling them with a controllable method and minimizing electrode thickness should bring transparent batteries closer to reality. In this work, the rapid and controllable spin-spray layer-by-layer (SSLbL) method is used to generate high quality networks of 1D nanomaterials: single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) and vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanowires for anode and cathode electrodes, respectively. These ultrathin films, deposited with ∼2 nm/bilayer precision are transparent when deposited on a transparent substrate (>87% transmittance) and electrochemically active in Li-ion cells. SSLbL-assembled ultrathin SWNT anodes and V2O5 cathodes exhibit reversible lithiation capacities of 23 and 7 μAh/cm(2), respectively at a current density of 5 μA/cm(2). When these electrodes are combined in a full cell, they retain ∼5 μAh/cm(2) capacity over 100 cycles, equivalent to the prelithiation capacity of the limiting V2O5 cathode. The SSLbL technique employed here to generate functional thin films is uniquely suited to the generation of transparent electrodes and offers a compelling path to realize the potential of fully integrated transparent devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forrest S Gittleson
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University , 9 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Daniel Hwang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University , 9 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Won-Hee Ryu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University , 9 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Sara M Hashmi
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University , 9 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Jonathan Hwang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University , 9 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Tenghooi Goh
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University , 9 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - André D Taylor
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University , 9 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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45
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Gao N, Fang X. Synthesis and Development of Graphene–Inorganic Semiconductor Nanocomposites. Chem Rev 2015; 115:8294-343. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400607y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Gao
- Department
of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaosheng Fang
- Department
of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
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46
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Lithium-Ion Batteries: Thermal Behaviour Investigation of Unbalanced Modules. SUSTAINABILITY 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/su7078374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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47
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Wang Y, Wei H, Lu Y, Wei S, Wujcik EK, Guo Z. Multifunctional Carbon Nanostructures for Advanced Energy Storage Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2015; 5:755-777. [PMID: 28347034 PMCID: PMC5312914 DOI: 10.3390/nano5020755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanostructures-including graphene, fullerenes, etc.-have found applications in a number of areas synergistically with a number of other materials. These multifunctional carbon nanostructures have recently attracted tremendous interest for energy storage applications due to their large aspect ratios, specific surface areas, and electrical conductivity. This succinct review aims to report on the recent advances in energy storage applications involving these multifunctional carbon nanostructures. The advanced design and testing of multifunctional carbon nanostructures for energy storage applications-specifically, electrochemical capacitors, lithium ion batteries, and fuel cells-are emphasized with comprehensive examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Wang
- Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37976, USA.
| | - Huige Wei
- Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37976, USA.
| | - Yang Lu
- Materials Engineering and Nanosensor Laboratory (MEAN), Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710, USA.
| | - Suying Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710, USA.
| | - Evan K Wujcik
- Materials Engineering and Nanosensor Laboratory (MEAN), Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710, USA.
| | - Zhanhu Guo
- Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37976, USA.
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Hou J, Cao C, Idrees F, Ma X. Hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets derived from silk for ultrahigh-capacity battery anodes and supercapacitors. ACS NANO 2015; 9:2556-64. [PMID: 25703427 DOI: 10.1021/nn506394r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 502] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon (HPNC) nanosheets (NS) have been prepared via simultaneous activation and graphitization of biomass-derived natural silk. The as-obtained HPNC-NS show favorable features for electrochemical energy storage such as high specific surface area (SBET: 2494 m(2)/g), high volume of hierarchical pores (2.28 cm(3)/g), nanosheet structures, rich N-doping (4.7%), and defects. With respect to the multiple synergistic effects of these features, a lithium-ion battery anode and a two-electrode-based supercapacitor have been prepared. A reversible lithium storage capacity of 1865 mA h/g has been reported, which is the highest for N-doped carbon anode materials to the best of our knowledge. The HPNC-NS supercapacitor's electrode in ionic liquid electrolytes exhibit a capacitance of 242 F/g and energy density of 102 W h/kg (48 W h/L), with high cycling life stability (9% loss after 10,000 cycles). Thus, a high-performance Li-ion battery and supercapacitors were successfully assembled for the same electrode material, which was obtained through a one-step and facile large-scale synthesis route. It is promising for next-generation hybrid energy storage and renewable delivery devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Hou
- Reseach Center of Materials Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanbao Cao
- Reseach Center of Materials Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Faryal Idrees
- Reseach Center of Materials Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xilan Ma
- Reseach Center of Materials Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
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Zhang X, Hou Y, He W, Yang G, Cui J, Liu S, Song X, Huang Z. Fabricating high performance lithium-ion batteries using bionanotechnology. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:3356-3372. [PMID: 25640923 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr06815g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Designing, fabricating, and integrating nanomaterials are key to transferring nanoscale science into applicable nanotechnology. Many nanomaterials including amorphous and crystal structures are synthesized via biomineralization in biological systems. Amongst various techniques, bionanotechnology is an effective strategy to manufacture a variety of sophisticated inorganic nanomaterials with precise control over their chemical composition, crystal structure, and shape by means of genetic engineering and natural bioassemblies. This provides opportunities to use renewable natural resources to develop high performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). For LIBs, reducing the sizes and dimensions of electrode materials can boost Li(+) ion and electron transfer in nanostructured electrodes. Recently, bionanotechnology has attracted great interest as a novel tool and approach, and a number of renewable biotemplate-based nanomaterials have been fabricated and used in LIBs. In this article, recent advances and mechanism studies in using bionanotechnology for high performance LIBs studies are thoroughly reviewed, covering two technical routes: (1) Designing and synthesizing composite cathodes, e.g. LiFePO4/C, Li3V2(PO4)3/C and LiMn2O4/C; and (2) designing and synthesizing composite anodes, e.g. NiO/C, Co3O4/C, MnO/C, α-Fe2O3 and nano-Si. This review will hopefully stimulate more extensive and insightful studies on using bionanotechnology for developing high-performance LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Zhang
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, China.
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Ye M, Dong Z, Hu C, Cheng H, Shao H, Chen N, Qu L. Uniquely arranged graphene-on-graphene structure as a binder-free anode for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:5035-5041. [PMID: 25102808 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201401610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
3D graphene interconnected frameworks homogeneously connected with a few-layer graphene film (3DG/FLG) constitute a novel hierarchical hybrid structure for anodes in lithium-ion batteries. The pore-rich 3D graphene network is favorable for Li(+) diffusion and electron transport, and the FLG is a non-metallic current collector that effectively collects/transports charge carriers from/to the 3D graphene network and provides an excellent scaffold to support the 3DG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
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