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Du J, He Z, Wang Q, Chen G, Li X, Lu J, Qi Q, Ouyang R, Miao Y, Li Y. Topochemical-like bandgap regulation engineering: A bismuth thiooxide nanocatalyst for breast cancer phototherapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 662:171-182. [PMID: 38341940 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
The physical property tuning of nanomaterials is of great importance in energy, medicine, environment, catalysis, and other fields. Topochemical synthesis of nanomaterials can achieve precise control of material properties. Here, we synthesized a kind of element-doped bismuth-based nanomaterial (BOS) by topochemical-like synthesis and used it for the phototherapy of tumors. In this study, we employed bismuth fluoride nanoflowers as a template and fabricated element-doped bismuth oxide nanoflowers by reduction conditions. The product is consistent with the precursor in crystal structure and nanomorphology, realizing topochemical-like synthesis under mild conditions. BOS can generate reactive oxygen species, consume glutathione, and perform photothermal conversion under 730 nm light irradiation. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that BOS could suppress tumor growth by inducing apoptosis and ferroptosis through phototherapy. Therefore, this study offers a general regulation method for tuning the physical properties of nanomaterials by using a topochemical-like synthesis strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Du
- Institute of Bismuth Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Zongyan He
- Institute of Bismuth Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Institute of Bismuth Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Guobo Chen
- Institute of Bismuth Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xueyu Li
- Institute of Bismuth Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Jiacheng Lu
- Institute of Bismuth Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Qingwen Qi
- Institute of Bismuth Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Ruizhuo Ouyang
- Institute of Bismuth Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yuqing Miao
- Institute of Bismuth Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Yuhao Li
- Institute of Bismuth Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
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Fu X, Hu X. Ultrasound-Controlled Prodrug Activation: Emerging Strategies in Polymer Mechanochemistry and Sonodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024. [PMID: 38698527 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasound has gained prominence in biomedical applications due to its noninvasive nature and ability to penetrate deep tissue with spatial and temporal resolution. The burgeoning field of ultrasound-responsive prodrug systems exploits the mechanical and chemical effects of ultrasonication for the controlled activation of prodrugs. In polymer mechanochemistry, materials scientists exploit the sonomechanical effect of acoustic cavitation to mechanochemically activate force-sensitive prodrugs. On the other hand, researchers in the field of sonodynamic therapy adopt fundamentally distinct methodologies, utilizing the sonochemical effect (e.g., generation of reactive oxygen species) of ultrasound in the presence of sonosensitizers to induce chemical transformations that activate prodrugs. This cross-disciplinary review comprehensively examines these two divergent yet interrelated approaches, both of which originated from acoustic cavitation. It highlights molecular and materials design strategies and potential applications in diverse therapeutic contexts, from chemotherapy to immunotherapy and gene therapy methods, and discusses future directions in this rapidly advancing domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuancheng Fu
- Department of Chemistry, BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Xiaoran Hu
- Department of Chemistry, BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
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Wu X, Zhou Z, Li K, Liu S. Nanomaterials-Induced Redox Imbalance: Challenged and Opportunities for Nanomaterials in Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308632. [PMID: 38380505 PMCID: PMC11040387 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cells typically display redox imbalance compared with normal cells due to increased metabolic rate, accumulated mitochondrial dysfunction, elevated cell signaling, and accelerated peroxisomal activities. This redox imbalance may regulate gene expression, alter protein stability, and modulate existing cellular programs, resulting in inefficient treatment modalities. Therapeutic strategies targeting intra- or extracellular redox states of cancer cells at varying state of progression may trigger programmed cell death if exceeded a certain threshold, enabling therapeutic selectivity and overcoming cancer resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Nanotechnology provides new opportunities for modulating redox state in cancer cells due to their excellent designability and high reactivity. Various nanomaterials are widely researched to enhance highly reactive substances (free radicals) production, disrupt the endogenous antioxidant defense systems, or both. Here, the physiological features of redox imbalance in cancer cells are described and the challenges in modulating redox state in cancer cells are illustrated. Then, nanomaterials that regulate redox imbalance are classified and elaborated upon based on their ability to target redox regulations. Finally, the future perspectives in this field are proposed. It is hoped this review provides guidance for the design of nanomaterials-based approaches involving modulating intra- or extracellular redox states for cancer therapy, especially for cancers resistant to radiotherapy or chemotherapy, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xumeng Wu
- School of Life Science and TechnologyHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150006China
- Zhengzhou Research InstituteHarbin Institute of TechnologyZhengzhou450046China
| | - Ziqi Zhou
- Zhengzhou Research InstituteHarbin Institute of TechnologyZhengzhou450046China
- School of Medicine and HealthHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150006China
| | - Kai Li
- Zhengzhou Research InstituteHarbin Institute of TechnologyZhengzhou450046China
- School of Medicine and HealthHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150006China
| | - Shaoqin Liu
- School of Life Science and TechnologyHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150006China
- Zhengzhou Research InstituteHarbin Institute of TechnologyZhengzhou450046China
- School of Medicine and HealthHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150006China
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Wang Q, Li X, Cao Z, Feng W, Chen Y, Jiang D. Enzyme-Mediated Bioorthogonal Cascade Catalytic Reaction for Metabolism Intervention and Enhanced Ferroptosis on Neuroblastoma. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8228-8241. [PMID: 38471004 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
It remains a tremendous challenge to explore effective therapeutic modalities against neuroblastoma, a lethal cancer of the sympathetic nervous system with poor prognosis and disappointing treatment outcomes. Considering the limitations of conventional treatment modalities and the intrinsic vulnerability of neuroblastoma, we herein develop a pioneering sequential catalytic therapeutic system that utilizes lactate oxidase (LOx)/horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-loaded amorphous zinc metal-organic framework, named LOx/HRP-aZIF, in combination with a 3-indole-acetic acid (IAA) prodrug. On the basis of abnormal lactate accumulation that occurs in the tumor microenvironment, the cascade reaction of LOx and HRP consumes endogenous glutathione and a reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide to achieve the first stage of killing cancer cells via antioxidative incapacitation and electron transport chain interference. Furthermore, the generation of reactive oxygen species induced by HRP and IAA through bioorthogonal catalysis promotes ferritin degradation and lipid peroxidation, ultimately provoking self-enhanced ferroptosis with positive feedback by initiating an endogenous Fenton reaction. This work highlights the superiority of the natural enzyme-dependent cascade and bioorthogonal catalytic reaction, offering a paradigm for synergistically enzyme-based metabolism-ferroptosis anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Xiangze Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyao Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou Institute of Shanghai University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325088, P. R. China
| | - Dapeng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
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Xu J, Wang X, Liu Y, Li Y, Chen D, Wu T, Cao Y. Interfacial engineering of Ti 3C 2-TiO 2 MXenes by managing surface oxidation behavior for enhanced sonodynamic therapy. Acta Biomater 2024; 175:307-316. [PMID: 38160860 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
As a kind of reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated therapy, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has attracted great interest in cancer therapy. However, highly efficient and biocompatible sonosensitizers are urgently required to improve the therapeutic efficiency of SDT. In this work, Ti3C2-TiO2 MXenes were controllably synthesized as good sonosensitizers through interface engineering by regulating the dissolved oxygen concentration of the aqueous solution. The as-prepared Ar-Ti3C2-TiO2 MXene possessed a narrow band gap of 2.37 eV with promoted charge carrier transformation and efficient electron-hole separation. Compared with pure TiO2 sonosensitizers, the Ar-Ti3C2-TiO2 MXene displayed higher US-triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation efficiency. In addition, the structurally maintained Ar-Ti3C2-TiO2 possessed good photothermal conversion efficiency and the laser irradiation could greatly improve the electron-hole pair separation efficiency to further increase the ROS generation capability. After modification with arginyl-glycyl-aspartic (RGD) peptide, the Ar-Ti3C2-TiO2-RGD could efficiently accumulate in the tumor sites and achieve effective PTT enhanced SDT to eliminate tumors after intravenous injection without causing appreciable long-term toxicity. Therefore, this work presented a new way to construct safe sonosensitizers for enhanced SDT and the as-prepared Ar-Ti3C2-TiO2-RGD displayed good potential for further clinical translation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: To achieve superior tumor treatment, the nanosized TiO2/Ti3C2 heterostructure was controllably synthesized through interface engineering by regulating the dissolved oxygen concentration of the aqueous solution using inert gas. The oxidation-optimized Ar-Ti3C2-TiO2 MXene possessed good sonodynamic performance with a narrow band gap of 2.37 eV and good photothermal conversion efficiency of 47.3% with structurally maintained Ti3C2 MXene. Additionally, the laser irradiation could greatly improve the electron-hole pair separation efficiency to further boost sonodynamic performance of Ar-Ti3C2-TiO2 MXene. Encouragingly, the Ar-Ti3C2-TiO2-RGD could efficiently accumulate in the tumor sites and achieve effective PTT enhanced SDT to eliminate tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqing Xu
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Yunxia Li
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Dandan Chen
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Tingting Wu
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Yu Cao
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
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Li R, Wang X, Shi J, Kang Y, Ji X. Sonocatalytic cancer therapy: theories, advanced catalysts and system design. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:19407-19422. [PMID: 37965689 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04505f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Treating cancer remains one of the most formidable challenges in modern medicine, with traditional treatment options often being limited by poor therapeutic outcomes and unacceptable side effects. Nanocatalytic therapy activates tumor-localized catalytic reactions in situ via nontoxic or minimally toxic nanocatalysts responding to unique cues from the tumor microenvironment or external stimuli. In particular, sonocatalytic cancer therapy is a promising approach that has emerged as a potential solution to this problem through the combination of ultrasound waves and catalytic materials to selectively target and destroy cancer cells. Compared to light, ultrasound exhibits higher spatial precision, lower energy attenuation, and superior tissue penetrability, furnishing more energy to catalysts. Multidimensional modulation of nanocatalyst structures and properties is pivotal to maximizing catalytic efficiency given constraints in external stimulative energy as well as substrate types and levels. In this review, we discuss the various theories and mechanisms underlying sonocatalytic cancer therapy, as well as advanced catalysts that have been developed for this application. Additionally, we explore the design of sonocatalytic cancer therapy systems, including the use of heterojunction catalysts and the optimal conditions for achieving maximum therapeutic effects. Finally, we highlight the potential benefits of sonocatalytic cancer therapy over traditional cancer treatments, including its noninvasive nature and lower toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyan Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xuan Wang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Jiacheng Shi
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yong Kang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Ji
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
- Medical College, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
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7
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Liu X, Huang T, Chen Z, Yang H. Progress in controllable bioorthogonal catalysis for prodrug activation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12548-12559. [PMID: 37791560 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04286c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal catalysis, a class of catalytic reactions that are mediated by abiotic metals and proceed in biological environments without interfering with native biochemical reactions, has gained ever-increasing momentum in prodrug delivery over the past few decades. Albeit great progress has been attained in developing new bioorthogonal catalytic reactions and optimizing the catalytic performance of transition metal catalysts (TMCs), the use of TMCs to activate chemotherapeutics at the site of interest in vivo remains a challenging endeavor. To translate the bioorthogonal catalysis-mediated prodrug activation paradigm from flasks to animals, TMCs with targeting capability and stimulus-responsive behavior have been well-designed to perform chemical transformations in a controlled manner within highly complex biochemical systems, rendering on-demand drug activation to mitigate off-target toxicity. Here, we review the recent advances in the development of controllable bioorthogonal catalysis systems, with an emphasis on different strategies for engineering TMCs to achieve precise control over prodrug activation. Furthermore, we outline the envisaged challenges and discuss future directions of controllable bioorthogonal catalysis for disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Tingjing Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China.
| | - Huanghao Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
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8
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Zhuang F, Xiang H, Huang B, Chen Y. Ultrasound-Triggered Cascade Amplification of Nanotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303158. [PMID: 37222084 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound (US)-triggered cascade amplification of nanotherapies has attracted considerable attention as an effective strategy for cancer treatment. With the remarkable advances in materials chemistry and nanotechnology, a large number of well-designed nanosystems have emerged that incorporate presupposed cascade amplification processes and can be activated to trigger therapies such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and ferroptosis, under exogenous US stimulation or specific substances generated by US actuation, to maximize antitumor efficacy and minimize detrimental effects. Therefore, summarizing the corresponding nanotherapies and applications based on US-triggered cascade amplification is essential. This review comprehensively summarizes and highlights the recent advances in the design of intelligent modalities, consisting of unique components, distinctive properties, and specific cascade processes. These ingenious strategies confer unparalleled potential to nanotherapies based on ultrasound-triggered cascade amplification and provide superior controllability, thus overcoming the unmet requirements of precision medicine and personalized treatment. Finally, the challenges and prospects of this emerging strategy are discussed and it is expected to encourage more innovative ideas and promote their further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhuang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
- Institute of Medical Ultrasound and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Huijing Xiang
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Beijian Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
- Institute of Medical Ultrasound and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
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Zhang W, Liu Z, Zhu J, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Qin G, Ren J, Qu X. Bioorthogonal Disruption of Pyroptosis Checkpoint for High-Efficiency Pyroptosis Cancer Therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37486170 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is an inflammatory form of programmed cell death that holds great promise in cancer therapy. However, autophagy as the crucial pyroptosis checkpoint and the self-protective mechanism of cancer cells significantly weakens the therapeutic efficiency. Here, a bioorthogonal pyroptosis nanoregulator is constructed to induce pyroptosis and disrupt the checkpoint, enabling high-efficiency pyroptosis cancer therapy. The nanoregulator allows the in situ synthesis and accumulation of the photosensitizer PpIX in the mitochondria of cancer cells to directly produce mitochondrial ROS, thus triggering pyroptosis. Meanwhile, the in situ generated autophagy inhibitor via palladium-catalyzed bioorthogonal chemistry can disrupt the pyroptosis checkpoint to boost the pyroptosis efficacy. With the biomimetic cancer cell membrane coating, this platform for modulating pyroptosis presents specificity to cancer cells and poses no harm to normal tissue, resulting in a highly efficient and safe antitumor treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first report on a disrupting intrinsic protective mechanism of cancer cells for tumor pyroptosis therapy. This work highlights that autophagy as a checkpoint plays a key regulative role in pyroptosis therapy, which would motivate the future design of therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Zhang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhengwei Liu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhenqi Liu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Geng Qin
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jinsong Ren
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Qu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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