1
|
Johnson N, Filler AC, Sethi A, Smith LR, Leach JK. Skeletal Muscle Spheroids as Building Blocks for Engineered Muscle Tissue. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:497-506. [PMID: 38113146 PMCID: PMC10777344 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Spheroids exhibit enhanced cell-cell interactions that facilitate improved survival and mimic the physiological cellular environment in vivo. Cell spheroids have been successfully used as building blocks for engineered tissues, yet the viability of this approach with skeletal muscle spheroids is poorly understood, particularly when incorporated into three-dimensional (3D) constructs. Bioprinting is a promising strategy to recapitulate the hierarchical organization of native tissue that is fundamental to its function. However, the influence of bioprinting on skeletal muscle cell spheroids and their function are yet to be interrogated. Using C2C12 mouse myoblasts and primary bovine muscle stem cells (MuSCs), we characterized spheroid formation as a function of duration and cell seeding density. We then investigated the potential of skeletal muscle spheroids entrapped in alginate bioink as tissue building blocks for bioprinting myogenic tissue. Both C2C12 and primary bovine MuSCs formed spheroids of similar sizes and remained viable after bioprinting. Spheroids of both cell types fused into larger tissue clusters over time within alginate and exhibited tissue formation comparable to monodisperse cells. Compared to monodisperse cells in alginate gels, C2C12 spheroids exhibited greater MyHC expression after 2 weeks, while cells within bovine MuSC spheroids displayed increased cell spreading. Both monodisperse and MuSC spheroids exhibited increased expression of genes denoting mid- and late-stage myogenic differentiation. Together, these data suggest that skeletal muscle spheroids have the potential for generating myogenic tissue via 3D bioprinting and reveal areas of research that could enhance myogenesis and myogenic differentiation in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Johnson
- Department
of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, UC Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Andrea C. Filler
- Department
of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, UC Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Akash Sethi
- Department
of Molecular and Cellular Biology, UC Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Lucas R. Smith
- Department
of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, UC Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - J. Kent Leach
- Department
of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, UC Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rickert CA, Mansi S, Fan D, Mela P, Lieleg O. A Mucin-Based Bio-Ink for 3D Printing of Objects with Anti-Biofouling Properties. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300198. [PMID: 37466113 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
With its potential to revolutionize the field of personalized medicine by producing customized medical devices and constructs for tissue engineering at low costs, 3D printing has emerged as a highly promising technology. Recent advancements have sparked increasing interest in the printing of biopolymeric hydrogels. However, owing to the limited printability of those soft materials, the lack of variability in available bio-inks remains a major challenge. In this study, a novel bio-ink is developed based on functionalized mucin-a glycoprotein that exhibits a multitude of biomedically interesting properties such as immunomodulating activity and strong anti-biofouling behavior. To achieve sufficient printability of the mucin-based ink, its rheological properties are tuned by incorporating Laponite XLG as a stabilizing agent. It is shown that cured objects generated from this novel bio-ink exhibit mechanical properties partially similar to that of soft tissue, show strong anti-biofouling properties, good biocompatibility, tunable cell adhesion, and immunomodulating behavior. The presented findings suggest that this 3D printable bio-ink has a great potential for a wide range of biomedical applications, including tissue engineering, wound healing, and soft robotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin A Rickert
- TUM School of Engineering and Design, Department of Materials Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer Str. 8, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Salma Mansi
- TUM School of Engineering and Design, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chair of Medical Materials and Implants, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Munich Institute of Integrated Materials, Energy and Process Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Di Fan
- TUM School of Engineering and Design, Department of Materials Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer Str. 8, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Petra Mela
- TUM School of Engineering and Design, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chair of Medical Materials and Implants, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Munich Institute of Integrated Materials, Energy and Process Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Oliver Lieleg
- TUM School of Engineering and Design, Department of Materials Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer Str. 8, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tabury K, Rehnberg E, Baselet B, Baatout S, Moroni L. Bioprinting of Cardiac Tissue in Space: Where Are We? Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2203338. [PMID: 37312654 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bioprinting in space is the next frontier in tissue engineering. In the absence of gravity, novel opportunities arise, as well as new challenges. The cardiovascular system needs particular attention in tissue engineering, not only to develop safe countermeasures for astronauts in future deep and long-term space missions, but also to bring solutions to organ transplantation shortage. In this perspective, the challenges encountered when using bioprinting techniques in space and current gaps that need to be overcome are discussed. The recent developments that have been made in the bioprinting of heart tissues in space and an outlook on potential future bioprinting opportunities in space are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Tabury
- Radiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Center, Boeretang 200, Mol, 2400, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Emil Rehnberg
- Radiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Center, Boeretang 200, Mol, 2400, Belgium
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Bjorn Baselet
- Radiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Center, Boeretang 200, Mol, 2400, Belgium
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Radiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Center, Boeretang 200, Mol, 2400, Belgium
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229ER, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bhandari S, Yadav V, Ishaq A, Sanipini S, Ekhator C, Khleif R, Beheshtaein A, Jhajj LK, Khan AW, Al Khalifa A, Naseem MA, Bellegarde SB, Nadeem MA. Trends and Challenges in the Development of 3D-Printed Heart Valves and Other Cardiac Implants: A Review of Current Advances. Cureus 2023; 15:e43204. [PMID: 37565179 PMCID: PMC10411854 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This article provides a comprehensive review of the current trends and challenges in the development of 3D-printed heart valves and other cardiac implants. By providing personalized solutions and pushing the limits of regenerative medicine, 3D printing technology has revolutionized the field of cardiac healthcare. The use of several organic and synthetic polymers in 3D printing heart valves is explored in this article, with emphasis on both their benefits and drawbacks. In cardiac tissue engineering, stem cells are essential, and their potential to lessen immunological rejection and thrombogenic consequences is highlighted. In the clinical applications section, the article emphasizes the importance of 3D printing in preoperative planning. Surgery results are enhanced when surgeons can visualize and assess the size and placement of implants using patient-specific anatomical models. Customized implants that are designed to match the anatomy of a particular patient reduce the likelihood of complications and enhance postoperative results. The development of physiologically active cardiac implants, made possible by 3D bioprinting, shows promise by eliminating the need for artificial valves. In conclusion, this paper highlights cutting-edge research and the promise of 3D-printed cardiac implants to improve patient outcomes and revolutionize cardiac treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vikas Yadav
- Internal Medicine, Pt. B.D. Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, IND
| | - Aqsa Ishaq
- Internal Medicine, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University, Larkana, PAK
| | | | - Chukwuyem Ekhator
- Neuro-Oncology, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, USA
| | - Rafeef Khleif
- Medicine, Xavier University School of Medicine, Aruba, ABW
| | - Alee Beheshtaein
- Internal Medicine, Xavier University School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Loveleen K Jhajj
- Internal Medicine, Xavier University School of Medicine, Oranjestad, ABW
| | | | - Ahmed Al Khalifa
- Medicine, College of Medicine, Sulaiman Alrajhi University, Al Bukayriyah, SAU
| | | | - Sophia B Bellegarde
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Antigua, St. John's, ATG
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xie ZT, Zeng J, Miyagawa S, Sawa Y, Matsusaki M. 3D puzzle-inspired construction of large and complex organ structures for tissue engineering. Mater Today Bio 2023; 21:100726. [PMID: 37545564 PMCID: PMC10401341 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
3D printing as a powerful technology enables the fabrication of organ structures with a programmed geometry, but it is usually difficult to produce large-size tissues due to the limited working space of the 3D printer and the instability of bath or ink materials during long printing sessions. Moreover, most printing only allows preparation with a single ink, while a real organ generally consists of multiple materials. Inspired by the 3D puzzle toy, we developed a "building block-based printing" strategy, through which the preparation of 3D tissues can be realized by assembling 3D-printed "small and simple" bio-blocks into "large and complex" bioproducts. The structures that are difficult to print by conventional 3D printing such as a picture puzzle consisting of different materials and colors, a collagen "soccer" with a hollow yet closed structure, and even a full-size human heart model are successfully prepared. The 3D puzzle-inspired preparation strategy also allows for a reasonable combination of various cells in a specified order, facilitating investigation into the interaction between different kinds of cells. This strategy opens an alternative path for preparing organ structures with multiple materials, large size and complex geometry for tissue engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Tian Xie
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jinfeng Zeng
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsusaki
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lu TY, Xiang Y, Tang M, Chen S. 3D Printing Approaches to Engineer Cardiac Tissue. Curr Cardiol Rep 2023; 25:505-514. [PMID: 37129759 PMCID: PMC10152016 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-01881-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Bioengineering of functional cardiac tissue composed of primary cardiomyocytes has great potential for myocardial regeneration and in vitro tissue modeling. 3D bioprinting was developed to create cardiac tissue in hydrogels that can mimic the structural, physiological, and functional features of native myocardium. Through a detailed review of the 3D printing technologies and bioink materials used in the creation of a heart tissue, this article discusses the potential of engineered heart tissues in biomedical applications. RECENT FINDINGS In this review, we discussed the recent progress in 3D bioprinting strategies for cardiac tissue engineering, including bioink and 3D bioprinting methods as well as examples of engineered cardiac tissue such as in vitro cardiac models and vascular channels. 3D printing is a powerful tool for creating in vitro cardiac tissues that are structurally and functionally similar to real tissues. The use of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CM) enables the generation of patient-specific tissues. These tissues have the potential to be used for regenerative therapies, disease modeling, and drug testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Lu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, 9500 Gilman Dr. San Diego, 92093, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yi Xiang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, 9500 Gilman Dr. San Diego, 92093, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Min Tang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, 9500 Gilman Dr. San Diego, 92093, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, 9500 Gilman Dr. San Diego, 92093, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, 9500 Gilman Dr. San Diego, 92093, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 9500 Gilman Dr. San Diego, 92093, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang G, Li W, Yu M, Huang H, Wang Y, Han Z, Shi K, Ma L, Yu Z, Zhu X, Peng Z, Xu Y, Li X, Hu S, He J, Li D, Xi Y, Lan H, Xu L, Tang M, Xiao M. Electric-Field-Driven Printed 3D Highly Ordered Microstructure with Cell Feature Size Promotes the Maturation of Engineered Cardiac Tissues. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206264. [PMID: 36782337 PMCID: PMC10104649 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Engineered cardiac tissues (ECTs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are viable alternatives for cardiac repair, patient-specific disease modeling, and drug discovery. However, the immature state of ECTs limits their clinical utility. The microenvironment fabricated using 3D scaffolds can affect cell fate, and is crucial for the maturation of ECTs. Herein, the authors demonstrate an electric-field-driven (EFD) printed 3D highly ordered microstructure with cell feature size to promote the maturation of ECTs. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the EFD jet microscale 3D printing overcomes the jet repulsion without any prior requirements for both conductive and insulating substrates. Furthermore, the 3D highly ordered microstructures with a fiber diameter of 10-20 µm and spacing of 60-80 µm have been fabricated by maintaining a vertical jet, achieving the largest ratio of fiber diameter/spacing of 0.29. The hiPSCs-derived cardiomyocytes formed ordered ECTs with their sarcomere growth along the fiber and developed synchronous functional ECTs inside the 3D-printed scaffold with matured calcium handling compared to the 2D coverslip. Therefore, the EFD jet 3D microscale printing process facilitates the fabrication of scaffolds providing a suitable microenvironment to promote the maturation of ECTs, thereby showing great potential for cardiac tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Zhang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Wenhai Li
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Miao Yu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated HospitalMedical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Yaning Wang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated HospitalMedical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Zhifeng Han
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Kai Shi
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Lingxuan Ma
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Yu
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhu
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Zilong Peng
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Yue Xu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated HospitalMedical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated HospitalMedical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Shijun Hu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated HospitalMedical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Jiankang He
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
| | - Dichen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
| | - Yongming Xi
- Department of Spinal SurgeryThe Affilliated Hosepital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao266003P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Lan
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Lin Xu
- Yantai Affiliated HospitalBinzhou Medical UniversityYantai264100P. R. China
- Institute of Rehabilitation EngineeringBinzhou Medical UniversityYantai264100P. R. China
| | - Mingliang Tang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated HospitalMedical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhou215000P. R. China
- Co‐innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantong226001P. R. China
| | - Miao Xiao
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated HospitalMedical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhou215000P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|