1
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Kotwal N, Tamanna, Changotra A, Chauhan P. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Carbo- and Oxacyclic Seven-Membered Bridged Biaryls via Nucleophile-Dependent Switchable Domino Processes. Org Lett 2023; 25:7523-7528. [PMID: 37802100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
We disclose herein a highly diastereo- and enantioselective divergent synthesis of seven-membered biaryl-bridged carbo- and oxacyclic frameworks by utilizing the catalytic ability of bifunctional hydrogen-bonding squaramide organocatalysts. Starting with the same biaryl substrate bearing two distinct acceptor sites and by choosing soft or hard nucleophiles, we readily accessed the dibenzocycloheptanes or 5,7-dihydrodibenzo[c,e]oxepines bearing multiple elements of chirality via a domino 1,4/1,2-addition or 1,2/oxa-Michael addition sequence, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Kotwal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jagti, NH-44, Nagrota Bypass, Jammu 181221, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tamanna
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jagti, NH-44, Nagrota Bypass, Jammu 181221, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Avtar Changotra
- Department of Chemistry, Cluster University of Jammu, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Pankaj Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jagti, NH-44, Nagrota Bypass, Jammu 181221, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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2
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Horáková E, Valtr J, Dostálová K, Drabina P, Váňa J, Růžička A, Hanusek J. A Kinetic Study of the Intramolecular Nitroaldol (Henry) Reaction Giving 2‐Nitroindan‐1‐ols. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Horáková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyFaculty of Chemical TechnologyUniversity of Pardubice Studentská 573, CZ-532 10 Pardubice The Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Valtr
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyFaculty of Chemical TechnologyUniversity of Pardubice Studentská 573, CZ-532 10 Pardubice The Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Dostálová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyFaculty of Chemical TechnologyUniversity of Pardubice Studentská 573, CZ-532 10 Pardubice The Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Drabina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyFaculty of Chemical TechnologyUniversity of Pardubice Studentská 573, CZ-532 10 Pardubice The Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Váňa
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyFaculty of Chemical TechnologyUniversity of Pardubice Studentská 573, CZ-532 10 Pardubice The Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice Studentská 573 CZ-532 10 Pardubice The Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Hanusek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyFaculty of Chemical TechnologyUniversity of Pardubice Studentská 573, CZ-532 10 Pardubice The Czech Republic
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3
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Li QH, Zhang GS, Wang YH, Mei MS, Wang X, Liu Q, Yang XD, Tian P, Lin GQ. A novel chiral DMAP–thiourea bifunctional catalyst catalyzed enantioselective Steglich and Black rearrangement reactions. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00691e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A novel chiral DMAP–thiourea bifunctional catalyst has been prepared and applied in the highly enantioselective Steglich and Black rearrangement reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hua Li
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Gui-Shan Zhang
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Yu-Hui Wang
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Ming-Shun Mei
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Xin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| | - Qiang Liu
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Xiao-Di Yang
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Ping Tian
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Guo-Qiang Lin
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
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4
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Satpathi B, Mondal A, Ramasastry SSV. Organocatalytic Strategies for the Synthesis of Cyclopenta-Fused Arenes and Heteroarenes. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:1642-1653. [PMID: 29673100 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cyclopentanoids are omnipresent in natural products and pharmaceutically relevant compounds. Among them, cyclopenta-fused arenes and heteroarenes possess impressive biological properties and play significant role in materials science. Consequently, several notable methods have been developed for their synthesis over the years. In this review, we mainly described metal-free and organocatalytic approaches that led to the construction of pentannulated arenes and heteroarenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishnupada Satpathi
- Organic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Atanu Mondal
- Organic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - S S V Ramasastry
- Organic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab, 140306, India
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5
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Yadav A, Banerjee J, Arupula SK, Mobin SM, Samanta S. Lewis-Base-Catalyzed Domino Reaction of Morita-Baylis-Hillman Carbonates of Isatins with Enolizable Cyclic Carbonyl Compounds: Stereoselective Access to Spirooxindole-Pyrans. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anubha Yadav
- Discipline of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Simrol 453552 Indore India
| | - Joyanta Banerjee
- Discipline of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Simrol 453552 Indore India
| | - Sanjeeva K. Arupula
- Discipline of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Simrol 453552 Indore India
| | - Shaikh M. Mobin
- Discipline of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Simrol 453552 Indore India
| | - Sampak Samanta
- Discipline of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Simrol 453552 Indore India
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6
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Wang S, Chen S, Guo Z, He S, Zhang F, Liu X, Chen W, Zhang S, Sheng C. Synthesis of spiro-tetrahydrothiopyran-oxindoles by Michael–aldol cascade reactions: discovery of potential P53-MDM2 inhibitors with good antitumor activity. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:625-634. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02726e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel one-pot Michael–aldol cascade reactions were used to efficiently construct spiro-tetrahydrothiopyran-oxindoles with good in vitro antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzheng Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Fourth Military Medical University
- Xi'an 710032
- P.R. China
| | - Shuqiang Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai 200433
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongjie Guo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Fourth Military Medical University
- Xi'an 710032
- P.R. China
| | - Shipeng He
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai 200433
- People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Fourth Military Medical University
- Xi'an 710032
- P.R. China
| | - Xueying Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Fourth Military Medical University
- Xi'an 710032
- P.R. China
| | - Weiping Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Fourth Military Medical University
- Xi'an 710032
- P.R. China
| | - Shengyong Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Fourth Military Medical University
- Xi'an 710032
- P.R. China
| | - Chunquan Sheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai 200433
- People's Republic of China
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7
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Chanda T, Zhao JC. Recent Progress in Organocatalytic Asymmetric Domino Transformations. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Chanda
- Department of Chemistry University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249-0698 USA
| | - John C.‐G. Zhao
- Department of Chemistry University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249-0698 USA
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8
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Maity S, Saha M, Hazra G, Ghorai P. Switchable Chemoselectivity for Organocatalytic, Asymmetric Malononitrile Addition to ortho-Formyl Chalcones. Org Lett 2017; 19:5872-5875. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Maity
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, India
| | - Mithu Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, India
| | - Gurupada Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, India
| | - Prasanta Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, India
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9
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Wang S, Guo Z, Chen S, Jiang Y, Zhang F, Liu X, Chen W, Sheng C. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Spiro-Tetrahydrothiophene Oxindoles Bearing Four Contiguous Stereocenters by One-Pot Michael-Henry-Cascade-Rearrangement Reactions. Chemistry 2017; 24:62-66. [PMID: 28940858 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengzheng Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Fourth Military Medical University; 169 Changle West Road Xi'an 710032 P. R. China
| | - Zhongjie Guo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Fourth Military Medical University; 169 Changle West Road Xi'an 710032 P. R. China
| | - Shuqiang Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; 325 Guohe Road Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; 325 Guohe Road Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Fourth Military Medical University; 169 Changle West Road Xi'an 710032 P. R. China
| | - Xueying Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Fourth Military Medical University; 169 Changle West Road Xi'an 710032 P. R. China
| | - Weiping Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Fourth Military Medical University; 169 Changle West Road Xi'an 710032 P. R. China
| | - Chunquan Sheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; 325 Guohe Road Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
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10
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Simón L, Paton RS. Phosphazene Catalyzed Addition to Electron-Deficient Alkynes: The Importance of Nonlinear Allenyl Intermediates upon Stereoselectivity. J Org Chem 2017; 82:3855-3863. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Simón
- Facultad de Ciencias
Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, Plaza de los Caídos 1-5, Salamanca E37004, Spain
| | - Robert S. Paton
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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11
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Ričko S, Svete J, Štefane B, Perdih A, Golobič A, Meden A, Grošelj U. 1,3-Diamine-Derived Bifunctional Organocatalyst Prepared from Camphor. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastijan Ričko
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology; University of Ljubljana; Večna pot 113 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Jurij Svete
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology; University of Ljubljana; Večna pot 113 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Bogdan Štefane
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology; University of Ljubljana; Večna pot 113 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Andrej Perdih
- National Institute of Chemistry; Hajdrihova 19 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Amalija Golobič
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology; University of Ljubljana; Večna pot 113 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Anže Meden
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology; University of Ljubljana; Večna pot 113 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Uroš Grošelj
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology; University of Ljubljana; Večna pot 113 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
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12
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Govender T, Arvidsson PI, Maguire GEM, Kruger HG, Naicker T. Enantioselective Organocatalyzed Transformations of β-Ketoesters. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9375-437. [PMID: 27463615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The β-ketoester structural motif continues to intrigue chemists with its electrophilic and nucleophilic sites. Proven to be a valuable tool within organic synthesis, natural product, and medicinal chemistry, reports on chiral β-ketoester molecular skeletons display a steady increase. With the reignition of organocatalysis in the past decade, asymmetric methods available for the synthesis of this structural unit has significantly expanded, making it one of the most exploited substrates for organocatalytic transformations. This review provides comprehensive information on the plethora of organocatalysts used in stereoselective organocatalyzed construction of β-ketoester-containing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thavendran Govender
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal , Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Per I Arvidsson
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal , Durban, 4001, South Africa.,P. I. Arvidsson, Science for Life Laboratory, Drug Discovery and Development Platform and Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Glenn E M Maguire
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal , Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Hendrik G Kruger
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal , Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Tricia Naicker
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal , Durban, 4001, South Africa
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13
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Alegre-Requena JV, Marqués-López E, Herrera RP. Trifunctional Squaramide Catalyst for Efficient Enantioselective Henry Reaction Activation. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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14
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Gabriele B, Mancuso R, Veltri L. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Indanes and Indenes. Chemistry 2016; 22:5056-94. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bartolo Gabriele
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC); Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies; University of Calabria; Via Pietro Bucci, 12/C 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Raffaella Mancuso
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC); Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies; University of Calabria; Via Pietro Bucci, 12/C 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Lucia Veltri
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC); Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies; University of Calabria; Via Pietro Bucci, 12/C 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
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15
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One-pot organocatalytic enantioselective Michael addition and aza-cyclization/dehydration cascade reaction strategy: asymmetric synthesis of highly functionalized 1,4-dihydroquinolines. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Chauhan P, Mahajan S, Kaya U, Hack D, Enders D. Bifunctional Amine-Squaramides: Powerful Hydrogen-Bonding Organocatalysts for Asymmetric Domino/Cascade Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201401003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 412] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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17
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Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Award: S. S. Stahl / Ryoji-Noyori-Preis: D. Enders / Mukaiyama-Preis: B. M. Stoltz und S. Yamaguchi. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201410906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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18
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Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Award: S. S. Stahl / Ryoji Noyori Prize: D. Enders / Mukaiyama Award: B. M. Stoltz and S. Yamaguchi. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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19
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Blümel M, Chauhan P, Hahn R, Raabe G, Enders D. Asymmetric synthesis of tetrahydropyridines via an organocatalytic one-pot multicomponent Michael/aza-Henry/cyclization triple domino reaction. Org Lett 2014; 16:6012-5. [PMID: 25379786 PMCID: PMC4611353 DOI: 10.1021/ol503024d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A low loading of a quinine-derived squaramide efficiently catalyzes the triple-domino Michael/aza-Henry/cyclization reaction between 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, β-nitroolefins, and aldimines to provide tetrahydropyridines bearing three contiguous stereogenic centers in good yields, excellent enantiomeric excesses, and up to high diastereomeric ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Blümel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Pankaj Chauhan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert Hahn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Raabe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Dieter Enders
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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