Copper‐Catalyzed Sequential C( sp 2 )/C( sp 3 )−H Amination of 2‐Vinylanilines with N ‐Fluorobenzenesulfonimide

Electrophilic aromatic substitution of electron-rich arenes with N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide (NFSI) as an electrophile

An efficient amidation of electron-rich arenes using NFSI as a nitrogen source has been successfully disclosed. This amidation process can be easily conducted at elevated temperatures, without the need for catalysts or additives. A wide range of arenes substituted with hydroxy, alkoxy, or carbonyl groups were found to be compatible, yielding the desired amination products. Computational study shows that the amidation proceeds via an electrophilic aromatic substitution pathway, comprising a three-step process that includes substitution, addition, and elimination, which differs slightly from the classical mechanism.

Crystal structure of 1-(2-iodobenzoyl)-6-methoxy-1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde, C17H12INO3

C17H12INO3, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 7.5319(5) Å, b = 7.9745(5) Å, c = 25.1313(17) Å, β = 98.459(7)°, V = 1493.04(17) Å3, Z = 4, R gt (F) = 0.0272, wR ref (F 2) = 0.0595, T = 199.98(10) K.

Ligand-free copper-catalyzed C(sp3)-H imidation of aromatic and aliphatic methyl sulfides with N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide

A novel and efficient process has been developed for copper-catalyzed C(sp3)-H direct imidation of methyl sulfides with N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide(NFSI). Without using any ligands, various methyl sulfides including aromatic and aliphatic methyl sulfides, can be transformed to the corresponding N-((phenylthio)methyl)-benzenesulfonamide derivatives in good to excellent yields.

Copper-catalysed radical reactions of alkenes, alkynes and cyclopropanes with N-F reagents

The mild generation of nitrogen-centred radicals from N-F reagents has become a convenient synthetic tool. This methodology provides access to the aminative difunctionalisation of alkenes and alkynes and the radical ring-opening of cyclopropanes, among other similar transformations. This review article aims to provide an overview of recent developments of such processes involving radical reactions and N-F reagents using copper-based catalysts.

Exploring the behavior of the NFSI reagent as a nitrogen source

The diverse biological activities of nitrogen-containing compounds make the construction of the C-N bond of great importance. As N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide, one of the most abundant chemical feedstock, has a dual behaviour, i.e. as an electrophilic fluorination and amidation source, it attracts the attention of synthetic chemists for exploitation. This review comprehensively summarizes the significant progress of the efficient and mild amidation reactions, with an emphasis on approaches for the generation of nitrogen-centered intermediates, related mechanisms and new synthetic chemistry methods that offer opportunities to overcome obstacles in pharmaceutical applications. In this perspective, we discuss the developments in the amidation reaction using NFSI in the past decade. We discuss the recent progress, challenges and future outcomes in the area of amidation chemistry using commercially available NFSI.

Rhodium(iii)-catalyzed diamidation of olefins via amidorhodation and further amidation

Rh(iii)/Co(iii)-catalyzed diamidation of amide-tethered olefins has been realized using dioxazolones and arylsulfonamides as different classes of amidating reagents.