1
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Greenlee A, Weitekamp RA, Foster JC, Leguizamon SC. PhotoROMP: The Future Is Bright. ACS Catal 2024; 14:6217-6227. [PMID: 38660608 PMCID: PMC11036397 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.4c00972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Since the earliest investigations of olefin metathesis catalysis, light has been the choice for controlling the catalyst activity on demand. From the perspective of energy efficiency, temporal and spatial control, and selectivity, photochemistry is not only an attractive alternative to traditional thermal manufacturing techniques but also arguably a superior manifold for advanced applications like additive manufacturing (AM). In the last three decades, pioneering work in the field of ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) has broadened the scope of material properties achievable through AM, particularly using light as both an activating and deactivating stimulus. In this Perspective, we explore trends in photocontrolled ROMP systems with an emphasis on approaches to photoinduced activation and deactivation of metathesis catalysts. Recent work has yielded a myriad of commercial and synthetically accessible photosensitive catalyst systems, although comparatively little attention has been paid to achieving precise control over polymer morphology using light. Metal-free, photophysical, and living ROMP systems have also been relatively underexplored. To take fuller advantage of both the thermomechanical properties of ROMP polymers and the operational simplicity of photocontrol, clear directions for the field are to improve the reversibility of activation and deactivation strategies as well as to further develop photocontrolled approaches to tuning cross-link density and polymer tacticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew
J. Greenlee
- Sandia
National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | | | - Jeffrey C. Foster
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United
States
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2
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Martínez JP, Trzaskowski B. An Anthracene-Thiolate-Ligated Ruthenium Complex: Computational Insights into Z-Stereoselective Cross Metathesis. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:9465-9472. [PMID: 37916964 PMCID: PMC10658622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c05021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Stereoselective control of the cross metathesis of olefins is a crucial aspect of synthetic procedures. In this study, we utilized density functional theory methods to calculate thermodynamic and kinetic descriptors to explore the stereoselectivity of cross metathesis between allylbenzene and 2-butene-1,4-diyl diacetate. A ruthenium-based complex, characterized primarily by an anthracene-9-thiolate ligand, was designed in silico to completely restrict the E conformation of olefins through a bottom-bound mechanism. Our investigation of the kinetics of all feasible propagation routes demonstrated that Z-stereoisomers of metathesis products can be synthesized with an energy cost of only 13 kcal/mol. As a result, we encourage further research into the synthetic strategies outlined in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Martínez
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2C, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Bartosz Trzaskowski
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2C, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland
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3
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Hanzl L, Vinklárek J, Dostál L, Císařová I, Litecká M, Honzíček J. Stabilization of propene molybdenum and tungsten half-sandwich complexes by intramolecular coordination of a thioether function. RSC Adv 2023; 13:19746-19756. [PMID: 37396830 PMCID: PMC10311468 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03383j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study reports the stabilizing effect of an intramolecularly coordinated thioether function in propene complexes of the general formula [{η5:κS-C5H4(CH2)2SR}M(CO)2(η2-C2H3Me)][BF4] (M = Mo, W; R = Et, Ph). They are formed by protonation of allyl analogues [{η5-C5H4(CH2)2SR}M(CO)2(η3-C3H5)] by tetrafluoroboric acid in non-coordinating solvents. In contrast to analogues with unsubstituted Cp ligands, these propene complexes are isolable in a pure form and characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The molybdenum compounds are stable at low temperature and the propene ligand can easily be exchanged by thioethers or acetonitrile. Several representatives of the reaction products were characterized by X-ray structure analysis. The stabilization effect in tungsten complexes [{η5:κS-C5H4(CH2)2SR}W(CO)2(η2-C2H3Me)][BF4] (R = Et, Ph) was unusually high. The compounds are long-term stable at room temperature and do not undergo ligand exchange reactions even with strong chelators such as 1,10-phenanthroline. The molecular structure of the tungsten propene complex was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis on a single crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Hanzl
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice Studentská 573 532 10 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Jaromír Vinklárek
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice Studentská 573 532 10 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice Studentská 573 532 10 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague Hlavova 2030/8 128 43 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Litecká
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the CAS Husinec-Řež 1001 25068 Řež Czech Republic
| | - Jan Honzíček
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Macromolecular Materials, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice Studentská 573 532 10 Pardubice Czech Republic
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4
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Kempel S, Hsu TW, Nicholson JL, Michaudel Q. cis-Selective Acyclic Diene Metathesis Polymerization of α, ω-Dienes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:12459-12464. [PMID: 37255463 PMCID: PMC10330887 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The cis/trans stereochemistry of repeating alkenes in polymers provides a powerful handle to modulate the thermal and mechanical properties of these soft materials, but synthetic methods to precisely dictate this parameter remain scarce. We report herein a cis-selective acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization of readily available α,ω-diene monomers with high functional group tolerance. Identification of a highly stereoselective cyclometalated Ru catalyst allowed the synthesis of a broad array of polymers with cis contents up to 99%. This platform was leveraged to study the impact of the cis geometry on the thermal and mechanical properties of polyalkenamers, including an ABA triblock copolymer synthesized via extension of a cis-rich telechelic polyoctenamer with d,l-lactide. These results suggest that cis-selective ADMET affords an efficient strategy to tune the properties of a variety of polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel
J. Kempel
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Ting-Wei Hsu
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Jake L. Nicholson
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Quentin Michaudel
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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5
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Ghosh T, Bhakta S. Advancements in Gold-Catalyzed Cascade Reactions to Access Carbocycles and Heterocycles: An Overview. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202200225. [PMID: 36543388 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent developments (from 2006 to 2022) in numerous important and efficient carbo- and heterocycle generations using gold-catalyzed cascade protocols. Herein, methodologies involve selectivity, cost-effectiveness, and ease of product formation being controlled by the ligand as well as the counter anion, catalyst, substrate, and reaction conditions. Gold-catalyzed cascade reactions covered different strategies through the compilation of various approaches such as cyclization, hydroarylation, intermolecular and intramolecular cascade reactions, etc. This entitled reaction is also useful for the synthesis of spiro, fused, bridged carbo- and heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, Haringhata-741249, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - S Bhakta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, Haringhata-741249, Nadia, West Bengal, India
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6
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Qin C, Koengeter T, Zhao F, Mu Y, Liu F, Houk KN, Hoveyda AH. Z-Trisubstituted α,β-Unsaturated Esters and Acid Fluorides through Stereocontrolled Catalytic Cross-Metathesis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3748-3762. [PMID: 36720176 PMCID: PMC10075318 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic cross-metathesis (CM) reactions that can generate trisubstituted alkenes in high stereoisomeric purity are important but remain limited in scope. Here, CM reactions are introduced that generate Z-trisubstituted α-methyl, α,β-unsaturated, alkyl and aryl esters, thiol esters, and acid fluorides. Transformations are promoted by a Mo bis-aryloxide, a monoaryloxide pyrrolide, or a monoaryloxide chloride complex; air-stable and commercially available paraffin tablets containing a Mo complex may also be used. Alkyl, aryl, and silyl carboxylic esters as well as thiol esters and acid fluoride reagents are either purchasable or can be prepared in one step. Products were obtained in 55-95% yield and in 88:12->98:2 Z/E ratio (typically >95:5). The applicability of the approach is highlighted by a two-step conversion of citronellol to an isomintlactone precursor (1.7 g, 73% yield, and 97:3 Z/E) and a single-step transformation of lanosterol acetate to 3-epi-anwuweizic acid (72% yield and 94:6 Z/E). Included are the outcomes of DFT studies, regarding several initially puzzling catalyst activity trends, providing the following information: (1) it is key that a disubstituted Mo alkylidene, generated by a competing homo-metathesis (HM) pathway, can re-enter the productive CM cycle. (2) Whereas in a CM cycle the formation of a molybdacyclobutane is likely turnover-limiting, the collapse of related metallacycles in a HM cycle is probably rate-determining. It is therefore the relative energy barrier required for these steps that determines whether CM or HM is dominant with a particular complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Qin
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
- Supramolecular Science and Engineering Institute, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Tobias Koengeter
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
| | - Fengyue Zhao
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yucheng Mu
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Amir H. Hoveyda
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
- Supramolecular Science and Engineering Institute, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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7
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Boisvert EJY, Max HC, Fogg DE. Rapid Aerial Oxidation of Ruthenium-Dithiocatecholate Catalysts: A Challenge to Stereoretentive Olefin Metathesis. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c06168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eliza-Jayne Y. Boisvert
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Harrison C. Max
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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8
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Hsu TW, Kempel SJ, Felix Thayne AP, Michaudel Q. Stereocontrolled acyclic diene metathesis polymerization. Nat Chem 2023; 15:14-20. [PMID: 36280767 PMCID: PMC10284023 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01060-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The cis/trans geometry of olefins is known to dramatically influence the thermal and mechanical properties of polyalkenamers. Yet, polymerization methods that efficiently control this parameter are scarce. Here we report the development of a stereoretentive acyclic diene metathesis polymerization that uses the reactivity of dithiolate Ru carbenes combined with cis monomers. These Ru catalysts exhibit exquisite retention of the cis geometry and tolerate many polar functional groups, enabling the synthesis of all-cis polyesters, polycarbonates, polyethers and polysulfites. The stereoretentive acyclic diene metathesis polymerization is also characterized by low catalyst loadings and tolerance towards trans impurities in the monomer batch, which should facilitate large-scale implementation. Modulation of the reaction temperature and time leads to an erosion of stereoretention, permitting a stereocontrolled synthesis of polyalkenamers with predictable cis:trans ratios. The impact of the stereochemistry of the repeating alkenes on the thermal properties is clearly demonstrated through differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Wei Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Samuel J Kempel
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Quentin Michaudel
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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9
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Xu X, Wang H, Tan CH, Ye X. Applications of Vanadium, Niobium, and Tantalum Complexes in Organic and Inorganic Synthesis. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2022; 3:74-91. [PMID: 37035284 PMCID: PMC10080730 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.2c00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Organometallic catalysis is a powerful strategy in chemical synthesis, especially with the cheap and low toxic metals based on green chemistry principle. Thus, the selection of the metal is particularly important to plan relevant and applicable processes. The group VB metals have been the subject of exciting and significant advances in both organic and inorganic synthesis. In this Review, we have summarized some reports from recent decades, which are about the development of group VB metals utilized in various types of reactions, such as oxidation, reduction, alkylation, dealkylation, polymerization, aromatization, protein synthesis, and practical water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Choon-Hong Tan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Xinyi Ye
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
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10
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Papanikolaou MG, Simaioforidou AV, Drouza C, Tsipis AC, Miras HN, Keramidas AD, Louloudi M, Kabanos TA. A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Oxidation Catalysis by cis-[V IV(O)(Cl/F)(N 4)] + Species Mimicking the Active Center of Metal-Enzymes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:18434-18449. [PMID: 36357045 PMCID: PMC9682486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Reaction
of VIVOCl2 with the nonplanar
tetradentate
N4 bis-quinoline ligands yielded four oxidovanadium(IV)
compounds of the general formula cis-[VIV(O)(Cl)(N4)]Cl. Sequential treatment of the two nonmethylated
N4 oxidovanadium(IV) compounds with KF and NaClO4 resulted in the isolation of the species with the general formula cis-[VIV(O)(F)(N4)]ClO4. In marked contrast, the methylated N4 oxidovanadium(IV)
derivatives are inert toward KF reaction due to steric hindrance,
as evidenced by EPR and theoretical calculations. The oxidovanadium(IV)
compounds were characterized by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis,
cw EPR spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility. The crystallographic
characterization showed that the vanadium compounds have a highly
distorted octahedral coordination environment and the d(VIV–F) = 1.834(1) Å is the shortest to be
reported for (oxido)(fluorido)vanadium(IV) compounds. The experimental
EPR parameters of the VIVO2+ species deviate
from the ones calculated by the empirical additivity relationship
and can be attributed to the axial donor atom trans to the oxido group
and the distorted VIV coordination environment. The vanadium
compounds act as catalysts toward alkane oxidation by aqueous H2O2 with moderate ΤΟΝ up to 293
and product yields of up to 29% (based on alkane); the vanadium(IV)
is oxidized to vanadium(V), and the ligands remain bound to the vanadium
atom during the catalysis, as determined by 51V and 1H NMR spectroscopies. The cw X-band EPR studies proved that
the mechanism of the catalytic reaction is through hydroxyl radicals.
The chloride substitution reaction in the cis-[VIV(O)(Cl)(N4)]+ species by fluoride and
the mechanism of the alkane oxidation were studied by DFT calculations. Highly distorted N4−oxidovanadium(IV), cis-[VIV(=O)(Cl/F)(N4)]+, compounds mimicking the distorted coordination environment of the
metal-ion in metal-enzymes’ active center catalyze oxidation
of alkanes. The structural distortion results in significant deviation
of the cw EPR parameters from the expected ones and equilibrium between
six- and five- coordinate species in solution. DFT studies show that
distortion, steric hindrance, and the coordinated halogen define the
catalytic mechanism of oxidation of alkanes by cis-[VIV(=O)(Cl/F)(N4)]+ compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G. Papanikolaou
- Section of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina45110, Greece
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, Nicosia1678, Cyprus
| | - Anastasia V. Simaioforidou
- Section of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina45110, Greece
| | - Chryssoula Drouza
- Department of Agricultural Production, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3036Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Athanassios C. Tsipis
- Section of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina45110, Greece
| | | | | | - Maria Louloudi
- Section of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina45110, Greece
| | - Themistoklis A. Kabanos
- Section of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina45110, Greece
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11
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Vielhaber T, Faust K, Bögl T, Schöfberger W, Topf C. A Triphos-Modified Tungsten Piano-Stool Complex for the Homogeneous (Conjugate) Hydrogenation of Ketones and Esters. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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George GM, Wolczanski PT, Cundari TR, MacMillan SN. Reactivity of 1.1.1-Propellane with (silox) 3M (M = Ti, V, Cr): Structures of (silox) 3V═( cC 4H 4)═CH 2 and [(silox) 3Cr–(1.1.1-C 5H 6)−] 2. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory M. George
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Peter T. Wolczanski
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Thomas R. Cundari
- Department of Chemistry, CasCam University of North Texas Denton, Texas 76201, United States
| | - Samantha N. MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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13
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Dawood KM, Alaasar M. Transition Metals Catalyzed Heteroannulation Reactions in Aqueous Medium. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal M. Dawood
- Cairo University Faculty of Science Chemistry Giza street 12613 Giza EGYPT
| | - Mohamed Alaasar
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Faculty I of Natural Science - Biological Science: Martin-Luther-Universitat Halle-Wittenberg Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultat I Biowissenschaften Institute of Chemistry Halle GERMANY
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14
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Sousa-Silva A, Paredes-Gil K, de Matos JME, Sá É. Singlet Spin State Drives [V]-Carbene To Catalyze Olefin Metathesis: A Computational Analysis. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adenilson Sousa-Silva
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI 64049-505, Brazil
- Laboratório de Química Teórica, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI 64049-505, Brazil
| | - Katherine Paredes-Gil
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemática y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 8940577, Chile
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (PIDi), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 8940577, Chile
| | | | - Égil Sá
- Laboratório de Química Teórica, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI 64049-505, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Parnaíba, PI 64202-020, Brazil
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15
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Elser I, Schowner R, Stöhr L, Herz K, Benedikter MJ, Sen S, Frey W, Wang D, Buchmeiser MR. Isomers of Molybdenum Imido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Elser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Roman Schowner
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Laura Stöhr
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katharina Herz
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mathis J. Benedikter
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Suman Sen
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dongren Wang
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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16
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Yang X, Wu C, Su W, Yu J. Mechanochemical C−X/C−H Functionalization: An Alternative Strategy Access to Pharmaceuticals. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Yang
- Zhejiang University of Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Chaowang Road 18# 310014 Hangzhou CHINA
| | - Chongyang Wu
- Zhejiang University of Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Chaowang Road 18# 310014 Hangzhou CHINA
| | - Weike Su
- Zhejiang University of Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Chaowang Road 18# 310014 Hangzhou CHINA
| | - Jingbo Yu
- Zhejiang University of Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Chaowang Road 18# 310014 Hangzhou CHINA
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17
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George GM, Wolczanski PT, MacMillan SN. Attempts at Generating Metathesis-Active Fe(IV) and Co(IV) Complexes via the Reactions of (silox)2M(THF)2, [(silox)3M][Na(THF)2] (M = Fe, Co), and Related Species with Propellanes and Triphenylboron. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Vielhaber T, Heizinger C, Topf C. Homogeneous pressure hydrogenation of quinolines effected by a bench-stable tungsten-based pre-catalyst. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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19
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Monsigny L, Cejas Sánchez J, Piątkowski J, Kajetanowicz A, Grela K. Synthesis and Catalytic Properties of a Very Latent Selenium-Chelated Ruthenium Benzylidene Olefin Metathesis Catalyst. Organometallics 2021; 40:3608-3616. [PMID: 34776582 PMCID: PMC8579520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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Herein, we describe
a study of the synthesis, characterization,
and catalytic properties of a cis-dichlorido seleno-chelated
Hoveyda–Grubbs type complex (Ru8). Such a complex
has been obtained through a straightforward and high-yielding synthetic
protocol in three steps from the commercially available 2-bromobenzaldehyde
in good overall yield (54%). The catalytic profile, especially the
latency of this complex, has been probed through selected olefin metathesis
reactions such as ring-closing metathesis (RCM), self-cross-metathesis
(self-CM) and ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). In addition
to its high latency, the selenium Hoveyda-type complex Ru8 exhibits a switchable behavior upon thermal activation. Of interest,
while the corresponding sulfur-chelated Hoveyda type catalyst is reported
to be only activated by heat, the selenium analogue was found to be
active upon both heat and light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Monsigny
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joel Cejas Sánchez
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Piątkowski
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
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20
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Neveselý T, Wienhold M, Molloy JJ, Gilmour R. Advances in the E → Z Isomerization of Alkenes Using Small Molecule Photocatalysts. Chem Rev 2021; 122:2650-2694. [PMID: 34449198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Geometrical E → Z alkene isomerization is intimately entwined in the historical fabric of organic photochemistry and is enjoying a renaissance (Roth et al. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989 28, 1193-1207). This is a consequence of the fundamental stereochemical importance of Z-alkenes, juxtaposed with frustrations in thermal reactivity that are rooted in microscopic reversibility. Accessing excited state reactivity paradigms allow this latter obstacle to be circumnavigated by exploiting subtle differences in the photophysical behavior of the substrate and product chromophores: this provides a molecular basis for directionality. While direct irradiation is operationally simple, photosensitization via selective energy transfer enables augmentation of the alkene repertoire to include substrates that are not directly excited by photons. Through sustained innovation, an impressive portfolio of tailored small molecule catalysts with a range of triplet energies are now widely available to facilitate contra-thermodynamic and thermo-neutral isomerization reactions to generate Z-alkene fragments. This review is intended to serve as a practical guide covering the geometric isomerization of alkenes enabled by energy transfer catalysis from 2000 to 2020, and as a logical sequel to the excellent treatment by Dugave and Demange (Chem. Rev. 2003 103, 2475-2532). The mechanistic foundations underpinning isomerization selectivity are discussed together with induction models and rationales to explain the counterintuitive directionality of these processes in which very small energy differences distinguish substrate from product. Implications for subsequent stereospecific transformations, application in total synthesis, regioselective polyene isomerization, and spatiotemporal control of pre-existing alkene configuration in a broader sense are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Neveselý
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Max Wienhold
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - John J Molloy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
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21
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Bechtler C, Lamers C. Macrocyclization strategies for cyclic peptides and peptidomimetics. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1325-1351. [PMID: 34447937 PMCID: PMC8372203 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00083g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides are a growing therapeutic class due to their unique spatial characteristics that can target traditionally "undruggable" protein-protein interactions and surfaces. Despite their advantages, peptides must overcome several key shortcomings to be considered as drug leads, including their high conformational flexibility and susceptibility to proteolytic cleavage. As a general approach for overcoming these challenges, macrocyclization of a linear peptide can usually improve these characteristics. Their synthetic accessibility makes peptide macrocycles very attractive, though traditional synthetic methods for macrocyclization can be challenging for peptides, especially for head-to-tail cyclization. This review provides an updated summary of the available macrocyclization chemistries, such as traditional lactam formation, azide-alkyne cycloadditions, ring-closing metathesis as well as unconventional cyclization reactions, and it is structured according to the obtained functional groups. Keeping peptide chemistry and screening in mind, the focus is given to reactions applicable in solution, on solid supports, and compatible with contemporary screening methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Bechtler
- Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel Klingelbergstr. 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Christina Lamers
- Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel Klingelbergstr. 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
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22
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Welch BK, Almeida NMS, Wilson AK. Super ccCA (s-ccCA): an approach for accurate transition metal thermochemistry. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.1963001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley K. Welch
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Nuno M. S. Almeida
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Angela K. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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23
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Toward E-selective Olefin Metathesis: Computational Design and Experimental Realization of Ruthenium Thio-Indolate Catalysts. Top Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-021-01468-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe selective transformation of 1-alkenes into E-olefins is a long-standing challenge in olefin metathesis. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations predict high E-selectivity for catalysts incorporating a bidentate, dianionic thio-indolate ligand within a RuXX’(NHC)(py)(= CHR) platform (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene; py = pyridine). Such complexes are predicted to yield E-olefins by favoring anti-disposed substituents in the transition state expected to be rate-determining: specifically, that for cycloreversion of the metallacyclobutane intermediate. Three pyridine-stabilized catalysts Ru21a-c were synthesized, in which the thio-indolate ligand bears a H, Me, or Ph substituent at the C2 position, and the NHC ligand is the unsaturated imidazoline-2-ylidene Me2IMes (which bears N-mesityl groups and methyl groups on the C4,5 backbone). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of Ru21c confirms the ligand orientation required for E-selective metathesis, with the thio-indolate sulfur atom binding cis to the NHC, and the indolate nitrogen atom trans to the NHC. However, whereas the new complexes mediated metathetic exchange of their 2-thienylmethylidene ligand in the presence of the common metathesis substrates styrene and allylbenzene, no corresponding self-metathesis products were obtained. Only small amounts of 2-butene (73% (Z)-2-butene) were obtained in self-metathesis of propene using Ru21a. Detailed DFT analysis of this process revealed that product release is surprisingly slow, limiting the reaction rate and explaining the low metathesis activity. With the barrier to dissociation of (Z)-2-butene being lower than that of (E)-2-butene, the calculations also account for the observed Z-selectivity of Ru21a. These findings provide guidelines for catalyst redesign in pursuit of the ambitious goal of E-selective 1-alkene metathesis.
Graphic abstract
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24
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Naturally Occurring Oxazole Structural Units as Ligands of Vanadium Catalysts for Ethylene-Norbornene (Co)polymerization. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11080923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
1,3-Oxazole and 4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole are common structural motifs in naturally occurring peptides. A series of vanadium complexes were synthesized using VCl3(THF)3 and methyl substituted (4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1,3-oxazoles as ligands and analyzed using NMR and MS methods. The complexes were found to be active catalysts both in ethylene polymerization and ethylene-norbornene copolymerization. The position of methyl substituent in the ligand has considerable impact on the performance of (co)polymerization reaction, as well as on the microstructure, and thus physical properties of the obtained copolymers.
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25
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Monsigny L, Kajetanowicz A, Grela K. Ruthenium Complexes Featuring Unsymmetrical N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands-Useful Olefin Metathesis Catalysts for Special Tasks. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3648-3661. [PMID: 34145741 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review describes a distinct class of ruthenium olefin metathesis catalysts featuring unsymmetrical N-heterocyclic carbene (uNHC) ligands, from its historical beginning to the present state of the art. Thanks to advantageous traits, such as pronounced thermodynamic stability, chemical latency, outstanding selectivity, and compatibility with green solvents, these catalysts led to good results in a number of specialized metathesis transformations. Therefore, while being a niche, the uNHC complexes can potentially be implemented in a number of industrial processes, such as valorization of Fischer-Tropsch olefin fractions, ethenolysis of renewable products, and modern pharmaceutical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Monsigny
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
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26
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Torii K, Tabaru K, Obora Y. Palladium-Catalyzed Three-Component Silylalkoxylation of 1,3-Diene with Alcohol and Disilane via Oxidative Coupling. Org Lett 2021; 23:4898-4902. [PMID: 34038134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A regioselective and Z-selective three-component silylalkoxylation of 1,3-diene using various alcohols, disilane, and a catalytic Pd/Cu/1,4-benzoquinone/O2 system is established in this Letter. The reaction generates tetra-substituted allyl silanes containing allyl ether moieties in up to 80% isolated yield and on a 1-10 mmol scale via oxidative coupling. A wide variety of substrates, including benzyl alcohol derivates, aliphatic alcohols, and bioactive compounds such as cholesterol, are suitable for use in the developed reaction system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Torii
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Kazuki Tabaru
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Yasushi Obora
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
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27
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Belov DS, Tejeda G, Bukhryakov KV. Olefin Metathesis by First-Row Transition Metals. Chempluschem 2021; 86:924-937. [PMID: 34160903 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic olefin metathesis based on the second- and third-row transition metals has become one of the most powerful transformations in modern organic chemistry. The shift to first-row metals to produce fine and commodity chemicals would be an important achievement to complement existing methods with inexpensive and greener alternatives. In addition, those systems can offer unusual reactivity based on the unique electronic structure of the base metals. In this Minireview, we summarize the progress of the development of alkylidenes and metallacycles of first-row transition metals from scandium to nickel capable of performing cycloaddition and cycloreversion steps, crucial reactions in olefin metathesis. In addition, we will discuss systems capable of performing olefin metathesis; however, the nature of active species is not yet known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry S Belov
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St., Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Gabriela Tejeda
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St., Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Konstantin V Bukhryakov
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St., Miami, FL, 33199, USA
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28
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Abstract
An entry to new classes of nitrogen-containing heterocycles featuring both a cyanamide and an unsaturated 5-, 6- or 7-membered ring is reported by RCM of the corresponding N-alkenyl-cyanamides, new partners for olefin metathesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien F. Dewez
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/06, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christina Diacofotaki
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/06, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gwilherm Evano
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/06, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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