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Ehsasatvatan M, Baghban Kohnehrouz B. Designing and computational analyzing of chimeric long-lasting GLP-1 receptor agonists for type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17778. [PMID: 37853095 PMCID: PMC10584922 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45185-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an intestinally derived incretin that plays a vital role in engineering the biological circuit involved in treating type 2 diabetes. Exceedingly short half-life (1-2 min) of GLP-1 limits its therapeutic applicability, and the implication of its new variants is under question. Since albumin-binding DARPin as a mimetic molecule has been reported to increase the serum half-life of therapeutic compounds, the interaction of new variants of GLP-1 in fusion with DARPin needs to be examined against the GLP-1 receptor. This study was aimed to design stable and functional fusion proteins consisting of new protease-resistant GLP-1 mutants (mGLP1) genetically fused to DARPin as a critical step toward developing long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists. The stability and solubility of the engineered fusion proteins were analyzed, and their secondary and tertiary structures were predicted and satisfactorily validated. Molecular dynamics simulation studies revealed that the predicted structures of engineered fusion proteins remained stable throughout the simulation. The relative binding affinity of the engineered fusion proteins' complex with human serum albumin and the GLP-1 receptor individually was assessed using molecular docking analyses. It revealed a higher affinity compared to the interaction of the individual GLP-1 and HSA-binding DARPin with the GLP-1 receptor and human serum albumin, respectively. The present study suggests that engineered fusion proteins can be used as a potential molecule in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, and this study provides insight into further experimental use of mimetic complexes as alternative molecules to be evaluated as new bio-breaks in the engineering of biological circuits in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ehsasatvatan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 51666, Iran
| | - Bahram Baghban Kohnehrouz
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 51666, Iran.
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Lau CYJ, Benne N, Lou B, Zharkova O, Ting HJ, Ter Braake D, van Kronenburg N, Fens MH, Broere F, Hennink WE, Wang JW, Mastrobattista E. Modulating albumin-mediated transport of peptide-drug conjugates for antigen-specific Treg induction. J Control Release 2022; 348:938-950. [PMID: 35732251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of antigen-specific regulatory T cells (Treg) has been extensively explored, leading to the development of several tolerogenic vaccines. Dexamethasone-antigen conjugates represent a prominent class of tolerogenic vaccines that enable coordinated delivery of antigen and dexamethasone to target immune cells. The importance of nonspecific albumin association towards the biodistribution of antigen-adjuvant conjugates has gained increasing attention, by which hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions govern the association capacity. Using an ensemble of computational and experimental techniques, we evaluate the impact of charged residues adjacent to the drug conjugation site in dexamethasone-antigen conjugates (Dex-K/E4-OVA323, K: lysine, E: glutamate) towards their albumin association capacity and induction of antigen-specific Treg. We find that Dex-K4-OVA323 possesses a higher albumin association capacity than Dex-E4-OVA323, leading to enhanced liver distribution and antigen-presenting cell uptake. Furthermore, using an OVA323-specific adoptive-transfer mouse model, we show that Dex-K4-OVA323 selectively upregulated OVA323-specific Treg cells, whereas Dex-E4-OVA323 exerted no significant effect on Treg cells. Our findings serve as a guide to optimize the functionality of dexamethasone-antigen conjugate amid switching vaccine epitope sequences. Moreover, our study demonstrates that moderating the residues adjacent to the conjugation sites can serve as an engineering approach for future peptide-drug conjugate development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yin Jerry Lau
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Naomi Benne
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Bo Lou
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, 119228 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Olga Zharkova
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, 119228 Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, 117599, Singapore
| | - Hui Jun Ting
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, 119228 Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, 117599, Singapore
| | - Daniëlle Ter Braake
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicky van Kronenburg
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel H Fens
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Femke Broere
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wim E Hennink
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jiong-Wei Wang
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, 119228 Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, 117599, Singapore; Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Drive, 117593 Singapore, Singapore; Nanomedicine Translational Research Programme, Centre for NanoMedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 30 Medical Drive, 117609 Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Enrico Mastrobattista
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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