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Liao PH, Lee WK, Lee CC, Huang CW, Wen SW, Chen YT, Chen CC, Lin WY, Kwak BL, Visser RJ, Wu CC. Using angle-selective optical film to enhance the light extraction of a thin-film encapsulated 3D reflective pixel for OLED displays. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:46435-46449. [PMID: 36558597 DOI: 10.1364/oe.477797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Light extraction improvement is still an important issue for active-matrix organic light-emitting diode displays (AMOLEDs). In our previous work, a three-dimensional (3D) reflective pixel configuration embedding the OLED in the concave 3D reflector and patterned high-index filler had been proposed for significant enhancement of the pixel light extraction. In this work, influences of thin film encapsulation (TFE) on light extraction of such reflective 3D OLED pixels are considered as well by simulation studies. Unfortunately, the optical simulation reveals strong reduction of the light extraction efficiency induced by TFE layers. As such, an additional angle-selective optical film structure between the pixel and the encapsulation layers is introduced to control the angular distribution of the light coupled into the encapsulation layers and to solve TFE-induced optical losses. As a result, TFE-induced losses can be substantially reduced to retain much of light extraction efficiency. The results of this study are believed to provide useful insights and guides for developing even more efficient and power-saving AMOLEDs.
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Sun Y, Liu B, Guo Y, Chen X, Lee YT, Feng Z, Adachi C, Zhou G, Chen Z, Yang X. Developing Efficient Dinuclear Pt(II) Complexes Based on the Triphenylamine Core for High-Efficiency Solution-Processed OLEDs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:36020-36032. [PMID: 34283914 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The various applications of dinuclear complexes have attracted increasing attention. However, the electroluminescence efficiencies of dinuclear Pt(II) complexes are far from satisfactory. Herein, based on the triphenylamine core, we develop four dinuclear Pt(II) complexes that cover the emission colors from yellow to red with high photoluminescence quantum efficiencies of up to 0.79 in doped films. The solid-state structure of PyDPt is revealed by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction investigation. Besides, solution-processed OLEDs have been fabricated with different electron transport materials. With higher electron mobility and excellent hole-blocking ability, 1,3,5-tri(m-pyridin-3-ylphenyl)benzene (TmPyPB) can help to realize good charge balance in related OLEDs. In addition, angle-dependent PL spectra reveal the preferentially horizontal orientation of these dinuclear Pt(II) complexes in doped CBP films, which benefits the outcoupling efficiencies. Therefore, the yellow OLED based on PyDPt shows unexpected high performance with a peak current efficiency of up to 78.7 cd/A and an external quantum efficiency of up to 22.4%, which is the highest EQE reported for OLEDs based on dinuclear Pt(II) complexes so far. This study demonstrates the great potential of developing dinuclear Pt(II) complexes for achieving excellent electroluminescence efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhui Sun
- School of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Bochen Liu
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Yue Guo
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Ting Lee
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Zhao Feng
- School of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Guijiang Zhou
- School of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Chen
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- School of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
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Cao L, Liu X, Guo Z, Zhou L. Surface/Interface Engineering for Constructing Advanced Nanostructured Light-Emitting Diodes with Improved Performance: A Brief Review. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E821. [PMID: 31783596 PMCID: PMC6953049 DOI: 10.3390/mi10120821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
With the rise of nanoscience and nanotechnologies, especially the continuous deepening of research on low-dimensional materials and structures, various kinds of light-emitting devices based on nanometer-structured materials are gradually becoming the natural candidates for the next generation of advanced optoelectronic devices with improved performance through engineering their interface/surface properties. As dimensions of light-emitting devices are scaled down to the nanoscale, the plentitude of their surface/interface properties is one of the key factors for their dominating device performance. In this paper, firstly, the generation, classification, and influence of surface/interface states on nanometer optical devices will be given theoretically. Secondly, the relationship between the surface/interface properties and light-emitting diode device performance will be investigated, and the related physical mechanisms will be revealed by introducing classic examples. Especially, how to improve the performance of light-emitting diodes by using factors such as the surface/interface purification, quantum dots (QDs)-emitting layer, surface ligands, optimization of device architecture, and so on will be summarized. Finally, we explore the main influencing actors of research breakthroughs related to the surface/interface properties on the current and future applications for nanostructured light-emitting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianzhen Cao
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, China;
- CASKey Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, China;
- CASKey Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Zhen Guo
- CASKey Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
- Shandong Guo Ke Medical Technology Development Co., Ltd., Jinan 25001, China
- Zhongke Mass Spectrometry (Tianjin) Medical Technology Co., Ltd. Tianjin 300399, China
| | - Lianqun Zhou
- CASKey Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
- Jihua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China
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Liang H, Hsu HC, Wu J, He X, Wei MK, Chiu TL, Lin CF, Lee JH, Wang J. Corrugated organic light-emitting diodes to effectively extract internal modes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:A372-A384. [PMID: 31052889 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.00a372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report a corrugated structure to effectively extract the surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) and waveguiding modes in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). This structure is formed by nano-imprint of blazed gratings. To study the optimum extraction condition in terms of grating pitches, we compare the light extraction efficiency of corrugated OLEDs with three kinds of pitches, showing a 42.00% external quantum efficiency (EQE) enhancement ratio with this internal structure. Due to the transfer of SPP and waveguiding modes into substrate mode, the EQE enhancement ratio can be further pushed to 103.02% by attaching a macrolens. The simulation verifies the experimental results and shows the extraction mechanism of the corrugated structure towards transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) waves. We foresee that this method is able to enhance the optical efficiency of devices for both mass-production OLED lighting and display in a cost-effective way.
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