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Liu K, Hao Z, Zheng H, Wang H, Zhang L, Yan M, Tuerhong R, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Pang T, Shi L. Repurposing of rilpivirine for preventing platelet β3 integrin-dependent thrombosis by targeting c-Src active autophosphorylation. Thromb Res 2023; 229:53-68. [PMID: 37413892 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV-infected individuals are known to be at higher risk for thrombotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), which may also be differentially affected by components of anti-HIV drugs. To identify the effects of a series of FDA-approved anti-HIV drugs on platelet aggregation in humans, focusing on the novel pharmacological effects of rilpivirine (RPV), a reverse transcriptase inhibitor, on platelet function both in vitro and in vivo and the mechanisms involved. METHODS AND RESULTS In vitro studies showed that RPV was the only anti-HIV reagent that consistently and efficiently inhibited aggregation elicited by different agonists, exocytosis, morphological extension on fibrinogen, and clot retraction. Treatment of mice with RPV significantly prevented thrombus formation in FeCl3-injured mesenteric vessels, postcava with stenosis surgery, and ADP -induced pulmonary embolism models without defects in platelet viability, tail bleeding, and coagulation activities. RPV also improved cardiac performance in mice with post-ischemic reperfusion. A mechanistic study revealed that RPV preferentially attenuated fibrinogen-stimulated Tyr773 phosphorylation of β3-integrin by inhibiting Tyr419 autophosphorylation of c-Src. Molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance analyses showed that RPV can bind directly to c-Src. Further mutational analysis showed that the Phe427 residue of c-Src is critical for RPV interaction, suggesting a novel interaction site for targeting c-Src to block β3-integrin outside-in signaling. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that RPV was able to prevent the progression of thrombotic CVDs by interrupting β3-integrin-mediated outside-in signaling via inhibiting c-Src activation without hemorrhagic side effects, highlighting RPV as a promising reagent for the prevention and therapy of thrombotic CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Liu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 2999 Jinshan Road, Xiamen 361000, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, New Drug Screening Center, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhen Hao
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 2999 Jinshan Road, Xiamen 361000, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, South Lv shun Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, South Lv shun Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Haojie Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Luying Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, South Lv shun Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Minghui Yan
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, South Lv shun Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Reyisha Tuerhong
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, South Lv shun Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yuling Zhou
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 2999 Jinshan Road, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 2999 Jinshan Road, Xiamen 361000, China.
| | - Tao Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, New Drug Screening Center, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Lei Shi
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 2999 Jinshan Road, Xiamen 361000, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, South Lv shun Road, Dalian 116044, China.
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Xin H, Huang J, Song Z, Mao J, Xi X, Shi X. Structure, signal transduction, activation, and inhibition of integrin αIIbβ3. Thromb J 2023; 21:18. [PMID: 36782235 PMCID: PMC9923933 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-023-00463-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are heterodimeric receptors comprising α and β subunits. They are expressed on the cell surface and play key roles in cell adhesion, migration, and growth. Several types of integrins are expressed on the platelets, including αvβ3, αIIbβ3, α2β1, α5β1, and α6β1. Among these, physically αIIbβ3 is exclusively expressed on the platelet surface and their precursor cells, megakaryocytes. αIIbβ3 adopts at least three conformations: i) bent-closed, ii) extended-closed, and iii) extended-open. The transition from conformation i) to iii) occurs when αIIbβ3 is activated by stimulants. Conformation iii) possesses a high ligand affinity, which triggers integrin clustering and platelet aggregation. Platelets are indispensable for maintaining vascular system integrity and preventing bleeding. However, excessive platelet activation can result in myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. Therefore, finding a novel strategy to stop bleeding without accelerating the risk of thrombosis is important. Regulation of αIIbβ3 activation is vital for this strategy. There are a large number of molecules that facilitate or inhibit αIIbβ3 activation. The interference of these molecules can accurately control the balance between hemostasis and thrombosis. This review describes the structure and signal transduction of αIIbβ3, summarizes the molecules that directly or indirectly affect integrin αIIbβ3 activation, and discusses some novel antiαIIbβ3 drugs. This will advance our understanding of the activation of αIIbβ3 and its essential role in platelet function and tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Xin
- grid.452511.6Department of Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003 China
| | - Jiansong Huang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310003 China ,grid.412277.50000 0004 1760 6738Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Zhiqun Song
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Jiangsu Province People’s Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029 China
| | - Jianhua Mao
- grid.412277.50000 0004 1760 6738Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Xiaodong Xi
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Shi
- Department of Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210003, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Platelets, a Key Cell in Inflammation and Atherosclerosis Progression. Cells 2022; 11:cells11061014. [PMID: 35326465 PMCID: PMC8947573 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets play important roles in thrombosis-dependent obstructive cardiovascular diseases. In addition, it has now become evident that platelets also participate in the earliest stages of atherosclerosis, including the genesis of the atherosclerotic lesion. Moreover, while the link between platelet activity and hemostasis has been well established, the role of platelets as modulators of inflammation has only recently been recognized. Thus, through their secretory activities, platelets can chemically attract a diverse repertoire of cells to inflammatory foci. Although monocytes and lymphocytes act as key cells in the progression of an inflammatory event and play a central role in plaque formation and progression, there is also evidence that platelets can traverse the endothelium, and therefore be a direct mediator in the progression of atherosclerotic plaque. This review provides an overview of platelet interactions and regulation in atherosclerosis.
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