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Cao J, Yuan X, Zhang Y, Wang Q, He Q, Guo S, Ren X. Ultrasensitive Flexible Strain Sensor Made with Carboxymethyl-Cellulose-Anchored Carbon Nanotubes/MXene for Machine-Learning-Assisted Handwriting Recognition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39276126 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c09786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
The combination of wearable sensors with machine learning enables intelligent perception in human-machine interaction and healthcare, but achieving high sensitivity and a wide working range in flexible strain sensors for signal acquisition and accurate recognition remains challenging. Herein, we introduced carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) into a carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/MXene hybrid network, forming tight anchoring among the conductive materials and, thus, bringing enhanced interaction. The silicone-rubber-encapsulated CMC-anchored CNTs/MXene (CCM) strain sensor exhibits an excellent sensitivity (maximum gauge factor up to 71 294), wide working range (200%), ultralow detection limit (0.05%), and outstanding durability (over 10 000 cycles), which is superior to most of the recently reported counterparts also based on a conductive composite film. Moreover, the sensor achieves seamless integration with human skin with the help of a poly(acrylic acid) adhesive layer, successfully obtaining stable and clear waveforms with meaningful profiles from the human body. On this basis, we proposed and realized a novel in-air handwriting recognition method via extracting multiple features of high-quality strain signals assisted by deep neural networks, achieving a high classification accuracy of 98.00 and 94.85% for Arabic numerals and letters, respectively. Our work provides an effective approach for significantly improving strain sensing performance, thereby facilitating innovative applications of flexible sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
- School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueguang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
- School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
- School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
- School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi He
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
- School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
- School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
- School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
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Shao B, Chen Z, Su H, Peng S, Song M. The Latest Advances in Ink-Based Nanogenerators: From Materials to Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6152. [PMID: 38892343 PMCID: PMC11172637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanogenerators possess the capability to harvest faint energy from the environment. Among them, thermoelectric (TE), triboelectric, piezoelectric (PE), and moisture-enabled nanogenerators represent promising approaches to micro-nano energy collection. These nanogenerators have seen considerable progress in material optimization and structural design. Printing technology has facilitated the large-scale manufacturing of nanogenerators. Although inks can be compatible with most traditional functional materials, this inevitably leads to a decrease in the electrical performance of the materials, necessitating control over the rheological properties of the inks. Furthermore, printing technology offers increased structural design flexibility. This review provides a comprehensive framework for ink-based nanogenerators, encompassing ink material optimization and device structural design, including improvements in ink performance, control of rheological properties, and efficient energy harvesting structures. Additionally, it highlights ink-based nanogenerators that incorporate textile technology and hybrid energy technologies, reviewing their latest advancements in energy collection and self-powered sensing. The discussion also addresses the main challenges faced and future directions for development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian Shao
- School of Applied Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (B.S.); (Z.C.); (H.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Zhitao Chen
- School of Applied Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (B.S.); (Z.C.); (H.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Hengzhe Su
- School of Applied Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (B.S.); (Z.C.); (H.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Shuzhe Peng
- School of Applied Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (B.S.); (Z.C.); (H.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Mingxin Song
- School of Electronic Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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Chen S, Bai M, Wang Q, Li X, Shao J, Shi SQ, Zhou W, Cao J, Li J. A strong and tough supramolecular assembled β-cyclodextrin and chitin nanocrystals protein adhesive: Synthesis, characterization, bonding performance on three-layer plywood. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 333:121971. [PMID: 38494225 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The development of a biomass adhesive as a substitute for petroleum-derived adhesives has been considered a viable option. However, achieving both superior bonding strength and toughness in biomass adhesives remains a significant challenge. Inspired by the human skeletal muscles structure, this study reveals a promising supramolecular structure using tannin acid (TA) functionalized poly-β-cyclodextrin (PCD) (TA@PCD) as elastic tissues and chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs) as green reinforcements to strengthen the soybean meal (SM) adhesive crosslinking network. TA@PCD acts as a dynamic crosslinker that facilitates reversible host-guest interactions, hydrogen bonds, and electrostatic interactions between adjacent stiff ChNCs and SM matrix, resulting in satisfactory strength and toughness. The resulting SM/TA@PCD/ChNCs-2 adhesive has demonstrated satisfactory wet and dry shear strength (1.25 MPa and 2.57 MPa, respectively), toughness (0.69 J), and long-term solvents resistance (80 d). Furthermore, the adhesive can exhibit desirable antimildew characteristics owing to the phenol hydroxyl groups of TA and amino groups of ChNCs. This work showcases an effective supramolecular chemistry strategy for fabricating high-performance biomass adhesives with great potential for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application & Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mingyang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application & Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qihang Wang
- Center for Water and Ecology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application & Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiawei Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application & Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Sheldon Q Shi
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Wenrui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application & Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jinfeng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application & Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jianzhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application & Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Rocha J, de Oliveira JC, Bettini J, Strauss M, Selmi GS, Okazaki AK, de Oliveira RF, Lima RS, Santhiago M. Tuning the Chemical and Electrochemical Properties of Paper-Based Carbon Electrodes by Pyrolysis of Polydopamine. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2024; 4:188-200. [PMID: 38645575 PMCID: PMC11027207 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical paper-based analytical devices represent an important platform for portable, low-cost, affordable, and decentralized diagnostics. For this kind of application, chemical functionalization plays a pivotal role to ensure high clinical performance by tuning surface properties and the area of electrodes. However, controlling different surface properties of electrodes by using a single functionalization route is still challenging. In this work, we attempted to tune the wettability, chemical composition, and electroactive area of carbon-paper-based devices by thermally treating polydopamine (PDA) at different temperatures. PDA films were deposited onto pyrolyzed paper (PP) electrodes and thermally treated in the range of 300-1000 °C. After deposition of PDA, the surface is rich in nitrogen and oxygen, it is superhydrophilic, and it has a high electroactive area. As the temperature increases, the surface becomes hydrophobic, and the electroactive area decreases. The surface modifications were followed by Raman, X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS), laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), contact angle, scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS), electrical measurements, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electrochemical experiments. In addition, the chemical composition of nitrogen species can be tuned on the surface. As a proof of concept, we employed PDA-treated surfaces to anchor [AuCl4]- ions. After electrochemical reduction, we observed that it is possible to control the size of the nanoparticles on the surface. Our route opens a new avenue to add versatility to electrochemical interfaces in the field of paper-based electrochemical biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline
F. Rocha
- Brazilian
Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian
Center for Research in Energy and Materials, São Paulo, Campinas 13083-100, Brazil
- Federal
University of ABC, São Paulo, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Julia C. de Oliveira
- Brazilian
Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian
Center for Research in Energy and Materials, São Paulo, Campinas 13083-100, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Bettini
- Brazilian
Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian
Center for Research in Energy and Materials, São Paulo, Campinas 13083-100, Brazil
| | - Mathias Strauss
- Brazilian
Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian
Center for Research in Energy and Materials, São Paulo, Campinas 13083-100, Brazil
| | - Guilherme S. Selmi
- Brazilian
Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian
Center for Research in Energy and Materials, São Paulo, Campinas 13083-100, Brazil
- Universidade
Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física
Gleb Wataghin, São Paulo, Campinas 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Anderson K. Okazaki
- Brazilian
Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian
Center for Research in Energy and Materials, São Paulo, Campinas 13083-100, Brazil
| | - Rafael F. de Oliveira
- Brazilian
Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian
Center for Research in Energy and Materials, São Paulo, Campinas 13083-100, Brazil
- Universidade
Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física
Gleb Wataghin, São Paulo, Campinas 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Renato S. Lima
- Brazilian
Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian
Center for Research in Energy and Materials, São Paulo, Campinas 13083-100, Brazil
- Federal
University of ABC, São Paulo, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
- São
Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University
of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Carlos 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Murilo Santhiago
- Brazilian
Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian
Center for Research in Energy and Materials, São Paulo, Campinas 13083-100, Brazil
- Federal
University of ABC, São Paulo, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
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Xu Y, Tan C, He Y, Luo B, Liu M. Chitin nanocrystals stabilized liquid metal for highly stretchable and anti-freeze hydrogels as flexible strain sensor. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 328:121728. [PMID: 38220327 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels show extensive applications in flexible electronics and biomedical areas, but it is a challenge to simultaneously achieve high mechanical properties, satisfied electrical conductivity, good biocompatibility, self-recovery and anti-freezing properties through a simple preparation method. Herein, chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs) were employed to encapsulate liquid metal nanoparticles (LMNPs) to ensure the dispersion stability of LMNPs in a hydrogel system composed of polyacrylamide (PAM) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The synergistic effect of ChNCs-stabilized LMNPs imparts remarkable conductivity to the hydrogel, making it an effective strain sensor for human motion. With 1 % LMNPs, the composite hydrogel stretches up to 2100 %, showing excellent stretchability. Under 10 cycles of 200 % strain, hysteresis loop curves overlap, indicating outstanding fatigue resistance. The hydrogel exhibits remarkable self-recovery, enduring 1400 % deformation without rupture. In addition, its effective antifreeze properties result from immersion in a glycerol-water solvent. Even at -20 °C and 60 °C, the hydrogel maintains stable, reproducible resistance changes at 150 % tensile strain. Therefore, the high-performance conductive hydrogel containing ChNCs stabilized LM has promising applications in flexible wearable sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China
| | - Cuiying Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China
| | - Yunqing He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China
| | - Binghong Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China
| | - Mingxian Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Speed Capability Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
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Chen G, He Z, Liu Z, Li X, Yao Z, Zhang P. Highly Flexible and Foldable Paper-Based Thermoelectric Generator Prepared with Post-Treatment-Free PEDOT:PSS Hybrid Ink. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4215. [PMID: 37959895 PMCID: PMC10647209 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Paper-based thermoelectric (PTE) generators have recently emerged as a green technology that can help alleviate environment pollution and the energy crisis. In this work, a PTE generator was prepared by coating a post-treatment-free thermoelectric ink consisting of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) doped with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium:tricyanomethanide (EMIM:TCM) onto the card paper. By tuning the molar concentration of the EMIM:TCM to 0.17 M and with hot-pressing, the PTE generator showed a decent power factor (PF) value of 6.82 μW m-1 K-2, which was higher than the values of PTE in the literature. This phenomenon could be attributed to the synergistic effect of high-performance thermoelectric ink (i.e., PF = 175 μW m-1 K-2 when deposited on glass slide) and the hot-pressing. The hot-pressing enhanced the packing density of cellulose fibers and the associated PEDOT:PSS hybrid, which enabled the formation of long-range conductive paths. In addition, the PTE had good mechanical stability, indicated by no significant change of the power factor values after cyclic folding 10,000 times. Moreover, the structure of as-prepared PTE could be easily tuned into different shapes that are promising for the preparation of flexible wearable thermoelectric generators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (G.C.); (Z.H.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Z.Y.)
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Guo M, Cao Z, Liu Y, Ni Y, Chen X, Terrones M, Wang Y. Preparation of Tough, Binder-Free, and Self-Supporting LiFePO 4 Cathode by Using Mono-Dispersed Ultra-Long Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for High-Rate Performance Li-Ion Battery. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207355. [PMID: 36905241 PMCID: PMC10161069 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Low-contents/absence of non-electrochemical activity binders, conductive additives, and current collectors are a concern for improving lithium-ion batteries' fast charging/discharging performance and developing free-standing electrodes in the aspects of flexible/wearable electronic devices. Herein, a simple yet powerful fabricating method for the massive production of mono-dispersed ultra-long single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone solution, benefiting from the electrostatic dipole interaction and steric hindrance of dispersant molecules, is reported. These SWCNTs form a highly efficient conductive network to firmly fix LiFePO4 (LFP) particles in the electrode at low contents of 0.5 wt% as conductive additives. The binder-free LFP/SWCNT cathode delivers a superior rate capacity of 161.5 mAh g-1 at 0.5 C and 130.2 mAh g-1 at 5 C, with a high-rate capacity retention of 87.4% after 200 cycles at 2 C. The self-supporting LFP/SWCNT cathode shows excellent mechanical properties, which can withstand at least 7.2 MPa stress and 5% strain, allowing the fabrication of high mass loading electrodes with thicknesses up to 39.1 mg cm-2 . Such self-supporting electrodes display conductivities up to 1197 S m-1 and low charge-transfer resistance of 40.53 Ω, allowing fast charge delivery and enabling near-theoretical specific capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyi Guo
- College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
| | - Zengqiang Cao
- School of Physical Science and TechnologySouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031P. R. China
| | - Yukang Liu
- College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Ni
- School of Physical Science and TechnologySouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031P. R. China
| | - Xianchun Chen
- College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of PhysicsDepartment of ChemistryDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering and Center for 2‐Dimensional and Layered MaterialsThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Yanqing Wang
- College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
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