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Selheim F, Aasebø E, Reikvam H, Bruserud Ø, Hernandez-Valladares M. Monocytic Differentiation of Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells: A Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Comparison of FAB-M4/M5 Patients with and without Nucleophosmin 1 Mutations. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5080. [PMID: 38791118 PMCID: PMC11121526 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Even though morphological signs of differentiation have a minimal impact on survival after intensive cytotoxic therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), monocytic AML cell differentiation (i.e., classified as French/American/British (FAB) subtypes M4/M5) is associated with a different responsiveness both to Bcl-2 inhibition (decreased responsiveness) and possibly also bromodomain inhibition (increased responsiveness). FAB-M4/M5 patients are heterogeneous with regard to genetic abnormalities, even though monocytic differentiation is common for patients with Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) insertions/mutations; to further study the heterogeneity of FAB-M4/M5 patients we did a proteomic and phosphoproteomic comparison of FAB-M4/M5 patients with (n = 13) and without (n = 12) NPM1 mutations. The proteomic profile of NPM1-mutated FAB-M4/M5 patients was characterized by increased levels of proteins involved in the regulation of endocytosis/vesicle trafficking/organellar communication. In contrast, AML cells without NPM1 mutations were characterized by increased levels of several proteins involved in the regulation of cytoplasmic translation, including a large number of ribosomal proteins. The phosphoproteomic differences between the two groups were less extensive but reflected similar differences. To conclude, even though FAB classification/monocytic differentiation are associated with differences in responsiveness to new targeted therapies (e.g., Bcl-2 inhibition), our results shows that FAB-M4/M5 patients are heterogeneous with regard to important biological characteristics of the leukemic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frode Selheim
- Proteomics Unit of University of Bergen (PROBE), University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Elise Aasebø
- Acute Leukemia Research Group, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway; (E.A.); (H.R.); (Ø.B.)
| | - Håkon Reikvam
- Acute Leukemia Research Group, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway; (E.A.); (H.R.); (Ø.B.)
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Øystein Bruserud
- Acute Leukemia Research Group, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway; (E.A.); (H.R.); (Ø.B.)
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Maria Hernandez-Valladares
- Proteomics Unit of University of Bergen (PROBE), University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Granada, Avenida de la Fuente Nueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
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Zhang A, Liu L, Zong S, Chang L, Chen X, Yang W, Guo Y, Zhang L, Zou Y, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Ruan M, Zhu X. Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia and hyperleukocytosis with WBC count greater than 50 × 10 9/L. Int J Hematol 2023; 118:737-744. [PMID: 37733171 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-023-03665-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and hyperleukocytosis have an unfavorable prognosis, but the impact of hyperleukocytosis on the prognosis of pediatric AML remains uncertain. We investigated the clinical characteristics and prognosis of pediatric AML with hyperleukocytosis, defined as WBC ≥ 50 × 109/L. METHODS A total of 132 patients with newly diagnosed childhood AML with hyperleukocytosis were consecutively enrolled at our center from September 2009 to August 2021 to investigate prognostic factors and clinical outcomes. RESULTS Hyperleukocytosis occurred in 27.4% of AML patients. Pediatric patients with hyperleukocytosis had similar CR and OS rates to those without hyperleukocytosis, but had a lower EFS rate. In our study, rates of CR1, mortality, relapsed/refractory disease, and HSCT were comparable between AML patients with WBC counts of 50-100 × 109/L and ≥ 100 × 109/L. AML patients with a WBC count of 50-100 × 109/L had a similar 5-year OS rate to patients with a WBC count ≥ 100 × 109/L (74.6% vs. 75.4%, P = 0.921). Among all patients with hyperleukocytosis, the FAB M5 subtype was associated with significantly inferior survival, and the prognosis of CBF-AML was good. CONCLUSIONS Pediatric AML patients with hyperleukocytosis have the similar prognosis regardless of whether their WBC count is 50-100 × 109/L or ≥ 100 × 109/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Lipeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Suyu Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Lixian Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Wenyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Ye Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Yao Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Yumei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Yingchi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Min Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China.
| | - Xiaofan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China.
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3
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Zhang Y, Wu Q, Yuan B, Huang Y, Jiang L, Liu F, Yan P, Jiang Y, Ye J, Jiang X. Influence on therapeutic outcome of platelet count at diagnosis in patients with de novo non-APL acute myeloid leukemia. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1030. [PMID: 37875840 PMCID: PMC10598966 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11543-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet (PLT) count at diagnosis plays an important role in cancer development and progression in solid tumors. However, it remains controversial whether PLT count at diagnosis influences therapeutic outcome in patients with non-acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) acute myeloid leukemia (AML). METHODS This study analyzed the relationship between PLT count at diagnosis and genetic mutations in a cohort of 330 newly diagnosed non-APL AML patients. The impact of PLT count on complete remission, minimal residual disease status and relapse-free survival (RFS) were evaluated after chemotherapy or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). RESULTS Our studies showed that patients with DNMT3A mutations have a higher PLT count at diagnosis, while patients with CEBPA biallelic mutations or t(8;21)(q22; q22) translocation had lower PLT count at diagnosis. Furthermore, non-APL AML patients with high platelet count (> 65 × 109/L) at diagnosis had worse response to induction chemotherapy and RFS than those with low PLT count. In addition, allo-HSCT could not absolutely attenuated the negative impact of high PLT count on the survival of non-APL AML patients. CONCLUSION PLT count at diagnosis has a predictive value for therapeutic outcome for non-APL AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Quan Wu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Baoyi Yuan
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Yan
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongshuai Jiang
- School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jieyu Ye
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuejie Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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4
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Boscaro E, Urbino I, Catania FM, Arrigo G, Secreto C, Olivi M, D'Ardia S, Frairia C, Giai V, Freilone R, Ferrero D, Audisio E, Cerrano M. Modern Risk Stratification of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in 2023: Integrating Established and Emerging Prognostic Factors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3512. [PMID: 37444622 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
An accurate estimation of AML prognosis is complex since it depends on patient-related factors, AML manifestations at diagnosis, and disease genetics. Furthermore, the depth of response, evaluated using the level of MRD, has been established as a strong prognostic factor in several AML subgroups. In recent years, this rapidly evolving field has made the prognostic evaluation of AML more challenging. Traditional prognostic factors, established in cohorts of patients treated with standard intensive chemotherapy, are becoming less accurate as new effective therapies are emerging. The widespread availability of next-generation sequencing platforms has improved our knowledge of AML biology and, consequently, the recent ELN 2022 recommendations significantly expanded the role of new gene mutations. However, the impact of rare co-mutational patterns remains to be fully disclosed, and large international consortia such as the HARMONY project will hopefully be instrumental to this aim. Moreover, accumulating evidence suggests that clonal architecture plays a significant prognostic role. The integration of clinical, cytogenetic, and molecular factors is essential, but hierarchical methods are reaching their limit. Thus, innovative approaches are being extensively explored, including those based on "knowledge banks". Indeed, more robust prognostic estimations can be obtained by matching each patient's genomic and clinical data with the ones derived from very large cohorts, but further improvements are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Boscaro
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, Presidio Molinette, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Irene Urbino
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, Presidio Molinette, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Maria Catania
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, Presidio Molinette, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Arrigo
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, Presidio Molinette, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Carolina Secreto
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, Presidio Molinette, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Olivi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, Presidio Molinette, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano D'Ardia
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, Presidio Molinette, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Frairia
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, Presidio Molinette, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Giai
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, Presidio Molinette, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Freilone
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, Presidio Molinette, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Dario Ferrero
- Division of Hematology, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Ernesta Audisio
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, Presidio Molinette, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Cerrano
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, Presidio Molinette, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
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5
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Yuan XL, Lai XY, Wu YB, Yang LX, Shi JM, Liu LZ, Yu J, Zhao YM, Zheng WY, He JS, Sun J, Wu WJ, Zhao Y, Ye YS, Cai Z, Huang H, Luo Y. A novel risk model for predicting early relapse in acute myeloid leukemia patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2023; 58:801-810. [PMID: 37072477 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-023-01979-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Relapse remains the leading cause of death in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), limiting the efficacy of allo-HSCT. Thus, the ability to identify high-risk patients in a manner that permits early intervention has the potential to improve survival outcomes. We retrospectively enrolled 414 younger patients (aged 14-60 years) with AML who received allo-HSCT between January 2014 and May 2020. From June 2020 to June 2021, 110 consecutive patients were included prospectively in the validation cohort. The primary outcome was early relapse (relapse within 1 year). The cumulative incidence of early relapse after allo-HSCT was 11.8%. The overall survival rate for patients who relapsed within 1-year was 4.1% at 3 years after relapse. After multivariable adjustment, statistically significant associations between primary resistance, pre-transplantation measurable residual disease, DNMT3A mutation, or white blood cell count at diagnosis and early relapse were observed. An early relapse prediction model was developed based on these factors and the model performed well. Patients deemed to have a high risk or a low risk of early relapse had early relapse rates of 26.2% and 6.8%, respectively (P < 0.001). The prediction model could be used to help identify patients at risk for early relapse and to guide personalized relapse prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lin Yuan
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Lai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Bo Wu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu-Xin Yang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji-Min Shi
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Zhen Liu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Min Zhao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Yan Zheng
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Song He
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jun Wu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Shan Ye
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Cai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yi Luo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China.
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6
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Christakopoulos GE, Walker KN, Smith J, Takemoto CM, Zheng Y, Pui CH, Ribeiro RC, Wang L, Pounds SB, Rubnitz JE, Inaba H. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of children with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia and hyperleukocytosis managed with different cytoreductive methods. Cancer 2023; 129:1873-1884. [PMID: 36943896 PMCID: PMC10824268 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperleukocytosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been associated with worse outcomes. For cytoreduction, leukapheresis has been used but its clinical utility is unknown, and low-dose cytarabine (LD-cytarabine) is used as an alternative method. METHODS Children with newly diagnosed AML treated between 1997 and 2017 in institutional protocols were studied. Hyperleukocytosis was defined as a leukocyte count of ≥100 × 109 /L at diagnosis. Clinical characteristics, early complications, survival data, and effects of cytoreductive methods were reviewed. Among 324 children with newly diagnosed AML, 49 (15.1%) presented with hyperleukocytosis. Initial management of hyperleukocytosis included leukapheresis or exchange transfusion (n = 16, considered as one group), LD-cytarabine (n = 18), hydroxyurea (n = 1), and no leukoreduction (n = 14). RESULTS Compared with patients who received leukapheresis, the percentage decrease in leukocyte counts following intervention was greater among those who received LD-cytarabine (48% vs. 75%; p = .02), with longer median time from diagnosis to initiation of protocol therapy (28.1 vs. 95.2 hours; p < .001). The incidence of infection was higher in patients (38%) who had leukapheresis than those who receive LD-cytarabine (0%) or leukoreduction with protocol therapy (14%) (p = .008). No differences were noted in the outcomes among the intervention groups. Although patients with hyperleukocytosis had higher incidences of pulmonary and metabolic complications than did those without, no early deaths occurred, and the complete remission, event-free survival, overall survival rates, and outcomes of both groups were similar. CONCLUSION LD-cytarabine treatment appears to be a safe and effective means of cytoreduction for children with AML and hyperleukocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kendra N. Walker
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Jesse Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Clifford M. Takemoto
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ching-Hon Pui
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Raul C. Ribeiro
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Stanley B. Pounds
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jeffrey E. Rubnitz
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Hiroto Inaba
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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7
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Chanswangphuwana C, Polprasert C, Owattanapanich W, Kungwankiattichai S, Tantiworawit A, Rattanathammethee T, Limvorapitak W, Saengboon S, Niparuck P, Puavilai T, Julamanee J, Saelue P, Wanitpongpun C, Nakhakes C, Prayongratana K, Sriswasdi C. Characteristics and Outcomes of Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Myelodysplasia-Related Changes: Multicenter Study From the Thai Acute Leukemia Study Group. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2022; 22:e1075-e1083. [PMID: 36117042 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) and AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC) both result in dismal outcomes. This retrospective study aimed to determine whether these features are poor prognostic factors independent of older age and adverse cytogenetics, which are commonly associated with a poor prognosis. METHODS The characteristics and real-world outcomes of sAML and AML-MRC from the Thai AML registry database were investigated. RESULTS From a total of 992 newly diagnosed AML patients, 315 (31.8%) patients were classified into sAML or AML-MRC subtypes. Older age, low white blood cell (WBC) count, low bone marrow blast, and adverse cytogenetic risk were commonly present in sAML and AML-MRC compared to de novo AML. Complete remission after 7 + 3 induction therapy occurred in 42.3% of patients with sAML or AML-MRC and 62.4% of de novo AML (P < .001). The median overall survival (OS) of sAML, AML-MRC, and de novo AML were 6.9, 7.0, and 12.2 months, respectively (P < .001). The independent prognostic factors for inferior OS were older age, intermediate-risk or adverse-risk cytogenetics, WBC count > 100 × 109/L, poor performance status, and a subgroup of AML-MRC with the morphologic criteria of multilineage dysplasia (AML-MRC-M). In addition, sAML, AML-MRC, and a WBC count > 100 × 109/L were pre-treatment prognostic factors associated with poor relapse-free survival (P = .006, P = .017, and P < .001, respectively). CONCLUSION Both sAML and AML-MRC are independently associated with poor outcomes in Thai patients. Our study supports AML-MRC-M as an adverse prognostic factor for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantiya Chanswangphuwana
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Research Unit in Translational Hematology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Chantana Polprasert
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Research Unit in Translational Hematology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Weerapat Owattanapanich
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Smith Kungwankiattichai
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Adisak Tantiworawit
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thanawat Rattanathammethee
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wasithep Limvorapitak
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Supawee Saengboon
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Pimjai Niparuck
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teeraya Puavilai
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jakrawadee Julamanee
- Hematology Unit, Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Pirun Saelue
- Hematology Unit, Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Chinadol Wanitpongpun
- Hematology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chajchawan Nakhakes
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kannadit Prayongratana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutklao Hospital and College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chantrapa Sriswasdi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutklao Hospital and College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
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8
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Dillon R, Potter N, Freeman S, Russell N. How we use molecular minimal residual disease (MRD) testing in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Br J Haematol 2021; 193:231-244. [PMID: 33058194 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years there have been major advances in the use of molecular diagnostic and monitoring techniques for patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Coupled with the simultaneous explosion of new therapeutic agents, this has sown the seeds for significant improvements to treatment algorithms. Here we show, using a selection of real-life examples, how molecular monitoring can be used to refine clinical decision-making and to personalise treatment in patients with AML with nucleophosmin (NPM1) mutations, core binding factor translocations and other fusion genes. For each case we review the established evidence base and provide practical recommendations where evidence is lacking or conflicting. Finally, we review important technical considerations that clinicians should be aware of in order to safely exploit these technologies as they undergo widespread implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Dillon
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College, London, UK
- Department of Haematology, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Nicola Potter
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College, London, UK
| | - Sylvie Freeman
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nigel Russell
- Department of Haematology, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
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9
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Xu LH, Wang JW, Wang Y, Yang FY. Hyperleukocytosis predicts inferior clinical outcome in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 25:507-514. [PMID: 33317436 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2020.1859169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hyperleukocytosis (HL) is a laboratory abnormality commonly presented in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, large cohort studies on the clinical significance of HL in pediatric AML are paucity. Moreover, the effect of stem cell transplantation in HL patients remains unknown. METHODS The clinical profiles of 885 pediatric patients with AML were downloaded from the TARGET dataset. HL was defined as an initial peripheral WBC count of ≥ 100 ×109/L. We analyzed the prevalence, clinical profile and prognosis of HL in these patients. RESULTS The frequency of HL among all the pediatric AML was 22.6%. FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3/internal tandem duplication (FLT3/ITD) mutation and gene fusion of NUP98/NSD1 occurred with higher incidence in HL patients. Overall, HL was associated with a low induction complete remission rate, and high risk of induction death. Moreover, HL predicted a significantly inferior 5-year event-free survival (EFS) (P < 0.001) and a trend of inferior 5-year overall survival (OS) (P = 0.059). However, compared with chemotherapy, stem cell transplantation had no significant effect on the survival of HL patients in terms of 5-year leukemia-free survival (P = 0.449) or OS (P = 0.447). Multivariate analysis revealed that HL was an independent prognosis factor for EFS (Hazard ratio:1.352, P = 0.013) but not for OS (Hazard ratio:1.225, P = 0.170) in pediatric AML. CONCLUSION HL might predict inferior clinical outcome in pediatric AML. SCT is an effective therapy for AML, but it may have no better effect on the survival of patients with HL, compared to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Hong Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Wen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Ying Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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10
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Park S, Cho BS, Kim HJ. New agents in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Blood Res 2020; 55:S14-S18. [PMID: 32719171 PMCID: PMC7386889 DOI: 10.5045/br.2020.s003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite expanding knowledge in the molecular landscape of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and an increasing understanding of leukemogenic pathways, little has changed in the treatment of AML in the last 40 years. Since introduction in the 1970s, combination chemotherapy consisting of anthracycline and cytarabine has been the mainstay of treatment, with major therapeutic advances based on improving supportive care rather than the introduction of novel therapeutics. Over the last decades, there have been extensive efforts to identify specific target mutations or pathways with the aim of improving clinical outcomes. Finally, after a prolonged wait, we are witnessing the next wave of AML treatment, characterized by a more “precise” and “personalized” understanding of the unique molecular or genetic mapping of individual patients. This new trend has since been further facilitated, with four new FDA approvals granted in 2017 in AML therapeutics. Currently, a total of eight targeted agents have been approved since 2017 (as of Jan. 2020). In this review, we will briefly discuss these newer agents in the context of their indication and the basis of their approval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Park
- Department of Hematology, Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Leukemia Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Sik Cho
- Department of Hematology, Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Leukemia Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Je Kim
- Department of Hematology, Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Leukemia Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Feng S, Zhou L, Zhang X, Tang B, Zhu X, Liu H, Sun Z, Zheng C. Impact Of ELN Risk Stratification, Induction Chemotherapy Regimens And Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation On Outcomes In Hyperleukocytic Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Initial White Blood Cell Count More Than 100 × 10 9/L. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:9495-9503. [PMID: 31807075 PMCID: PMC6850690 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s225123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperleukocytic acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (initial white blood cell count≥100 × 109/L) is a clinical emergency often accompanied by leukostasis syndrome, tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), with a poor clinical prognosis. The aim of this study retrospectively analyzed the clinical features of hyperleukocytic AML, focusing on high-risk factors affecting prognosis, the selection of initial induction therapy, and the impact of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) on prognosis. Patients and methods A total of 558 AML patients at our center from January 2013 to December 2017 were diagnosed, and 52 (9.32%) patients presented with hyperleukocytosis were retrospectively reviewed. Results The 3-year overall survival (OS) rate in the 15–39 years old and 40–60 years old group was 58.8% and 25.4%, respectively; the longest survival time in patients aged >60 years was only 8 months, and the 8-month OS rate was 8.3% (p=0.002). The 3-year OS rate of the patients in the favorable risk group, intermediate risk group and high risk group, according to the 2017 ELN risk stratification, was 50%, 28.0%, and 29.5%, respectively (p=0.374). The 3-year OS rate of patients carrying CEBPA or NPM1 mutation and those with FLT3-ITD or MLL mutation was 37.5% and 30.0%, respectively (p=0.63). The 3-year OS rate of patients employing an induction regimen of a standard IA regimen was 58.4%, and of those employing a non-standard IA regimen was 22.2% (p=0.065). The 3-year OS rate of the transplantation patients reached 73.8%, while the 9-month OS rate of patients without transplantation was 11.4% (p<0.001). Conclusion This study suggest that hyperleukocytosis is an independent risk factor for AML patients, regardless of the risk stratification based on cytogenetic or molecular abnormalities. Age is the main factor influencing the prognosis of hyperleukocytic AML. The use of a standard IA regimen and HSCT can significantly improve the patient’s prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanglong Feng
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhui Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Baolin Tang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huilan Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zimin Sun
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Changcheng Zheng
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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12
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Dunlap JB, Leonard J, Rosenberg M, Cook R, Press R, Fan G, Raess PW, Druker BJ, Traer E. The combination of NPM1, DNMT3A, and IDH1/2 mutations leads to inferior overall survival in AML. Am J Hematol 2019; 94:913-920. [PMID: 31145495 PMCID: PMC6771683 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a genetically heterogeneous disease with a clinical course predicted by recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities and/or gene mutations. The NPM1 insertion mutations define the largest distinct genetic subset, ∼30% of AML, and is considered a favorable risk marker if there is no (or low allelic ratio) FLT3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3 ITD) mutation. However, ∼40% of patients with mutated NPM1 without FLT3 ITD still relapse, and the factors that drive relapse are still not fully understood. We used a next-generation sequencing panel to examine mutations at diagnosis; clearance of mutations after therapy, and gain/loss of mutations at relapse to prioritize mutations that contribute to relapse. Triple mutation of NPM1, DNMT3A and IDH1/2 showed a trend towards inferior overall survival in our discovery dataset, and was significantly associated with reduced OS in a large independent validation cohort. Analysis of relative variant allele frequencies suggests that early mutation and expansion of DNMT3A and IDH1/2 prior to acquisition of NPM1 mutation leads to increased risk of relapse. This subset of patients may benefit from allogeneic stem cell transplant or clinical trials with IDH inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer B. Dunlap
- Department of PathologyOregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon
| | - Jessica Leonard
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon
- Division of Hematology and Medical OncologyOregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon
| | - Mara Rosenberg
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon
| | - Rachel Cook
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon
- Division of Hematology and Medical OncologyOregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon
| | - Richard Press
- Department of PathologyOregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon
| | - Guang Fan
- Department of PathologyOregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon
| | - Philipp W. Raess
- Department of PathologyOregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon
| | - Brian J. Druker
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon
- Division of Hematology and Medical OncologyOregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Chevy Chase Maryland
| | - Elie Traer
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon
- Division of Hematology and Medical OncologyOregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon
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13
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Huang Y, Hu J, Lu T, Luo Y, Shi J, Wu W, Han X, Zheng W, He J, Cai Z, Wei G, Huang H, Sun J. Acute myeloid leukemia patient with FLT3-ITD and NPM1 double mutation should undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in CR1 for better prognosis. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:4129-4142. [PMID: 31190985 PMCID: PMC6512860 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s194523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: According to the recent National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines, the risk level in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with FLT3-ITD and NPM1 double mutation (AML FLT3-ITD+/NPM1+ ) depends on the allelic ratio of FLT3-ITD. But despite a low or high allelic ratio of FLT3-ITD, AML FLT3-ITD+/NPM1+ patients belong to the favorable or intermediate risk, for whom allogeneic stem cell transplantation is not obligated. However, some latest studies pointing out that NPM1 and FLT3-ITD double mutation patients showed an inferior prognosis, which have raised concern about the risk categorization and more effective treatment of AML FLT3-ITD+/NPM1+ patients. Methods: A total of 76 patients were selected for coexisting FLT3 and NPM1 mutations with normal cytogenetics. The prognostic risk factors were analyzed, and treatment strategies including allogeneic stem cell transplantati1on and chemotherapy were compared. Results: In 76 AML FLT3-ITD+/NPM1+ patients, 36.8% of patients had hyperleukocytosis (HL) and DNMT3A R882 mutation was the most common concomitant gene (23.7%). For 53 patients in the complete remission (CR), 22 had received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) on first complete remission (CR1). Patients in transplantation group had better overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) than chemotherapy only (P=0.002 and 0.001, respectively). In multivariable Cox model analyses, HL and DNMT3A R882 mutation were independent adverse prognostic factors (all P<0.05) for AML FLT3-ITD+/NPM1+ patients. Nevertheless, allo-HSCT was an independent good factor of OS and DFS (P=0.001 and 0.000; HR =0.173 and 0.138; 95% CI were 0.062-0.483 and 0.049-0.389). And allo-HSCT could moderately improve the poor prognosis of AML FLT3-ITD+/NPM1+/DNMT3A R882+. Conclusion: Although, AML FLT3-ITD+/NPM1+ patients are categorized as favorable or intermediate risk levels according to recent NCCN and ELN guidelines, these patients should receive allo-HSCT in CR1 for a longer survival. AML FLT3-ITD+/NPM1+ patients with DNMT3A R882 mutation had a very poor prognosis, and allo-HSCT could moderately improve their survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center,the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Hu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center,the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Lu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center,the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Luo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center,the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jimin Shi
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center,the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Wu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center,the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Han
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center,the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyan Zheng
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center,the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingsong He
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center,the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Cai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center,the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Wei
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center,the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center,the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Sun
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center,the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
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14
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Tien FM, Hou HA, Tsai CH, Tang JL, Chen CY, Kuo YY, Li CC, Lin CT, Yao M, Huang SY, Ko BS, Hsu SC, Wu SJ, Tsay W, Tseng MH, Liu MC, Liu CW, Lin LI, Chou WC, Tien HF. Hyperleukocytosis is associated with distinct genetic alterations and is an independent poor-risk factor inde novoacute myeloid leukemia patients. Eur J Haematol 2018; 101:86-94. [DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Ming Tien
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Hematology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine; College of Medicine; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
- Tai-Cheng Stem Cell Therapy Center; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Hsin-An Hou
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Hematology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hong Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Hematology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Tai-Cheng Stem Cell Therapy Center; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jih-Luh Tang
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Hematology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Tai-Cheng Stem Cell Therapy Center; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yuan Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Hematology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yeh Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Oncology; College of Medicine; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Li
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Hematology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Tai-Cheng Stem Cell Therapy Center; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ting Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Hematology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Tai-Cheng Stem Cell Therapy Center; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Hematology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shang-Yi Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Hematology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Bor-Sheng Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Hematology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chun Hsu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ju Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Hematology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Woei Tsay
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Hematology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsuan Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Hematology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Liu
- Department of Pathology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Liu
- Department of Pathology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Liang-In Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology; College of Medicine; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chien Chou
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Hematology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Hwei-Fang Tien
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Hematology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
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15
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Cline A, Jajosky R, Shikle J, Bollag R. Comparing leukapheresis protocols for an AML patient with symptomatic leukostasis. J Clin Apher 2017; 33:396-400. [PMID: 28940295 DOI: 10.1002/jca.21588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignancy characterized by rapid clonal proliferation of myeloid precursors, which can result in hyperleukocytosis. Leukapheresis can be used to rapidly reduce the white blood cell count (WBC). However, the only FDA cleared device for WBC depletion, the COBE Spectra, will no longer be supported by the manufacturer in 2017, and there are few studies comparing different methods of leukapheresis. CASE REPORT A 68-year-old African American female was admitted to the hospital for relapse of her AML. Laboratory data demonstrated a WBC count of 291 600/μL and flow cytometry of the peripheral blood demonstrated 85% myeloid blasts. Leukapheresis was ordered to help treat the leukostasis. METHODS Three different apheresis protocols were used to achieve cytoreduction: Spectra Optia mononuclear collection (MNC) protocol, Spectra Optia granulocyte collection (PMN) protocol, and Therakos CELLEX buffy coat collection without return. Due to different inlet flow rates, the procedures were evaluated based on the number of WBCs collected and volume of blood processed (VBP). RESULTS The Spectra Optia PMN collected the most WBCs and collected nearly as many WBCs per VBP as the Therakos CELLEX, which had the highest value. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, we are reporting the first use of Therakos CELLEX and Spectra Optia PMN protocol for WBC depletion. While the Spectra Optia granulocyte protocol showed the best performance for this AML patient, further studies will be needed to compare the Spectra Optia PMN protocol to the MNC protocol for AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Cline
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Ryan Jajosky
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - James Shikle
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Roni Bollag
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
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