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Jahanbani F, Maynard RD, Sing JC, Jahanbani S, Perrino JJ, Spacek DV, Davis RW, Snyder MP. Phenotypic characteristics of peripheral immune cells of Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome via transmission electron microscopy: A pilot study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272703. [PMID: 35943990 PMCID: PMC9362953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex chronic multi-systemic disease characterized by extreme fatigue that is not improved by rest, and worsens after exertion, whether physical or mental. Previous studies have shown ME/CFS-associated alterations in the immune system and mitochondria. We used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate the morphology and ultrastructure of unstimulated and stimulated ME/CFS immune cells and their intracellular organelles, including mitochondria. PBMCs from four participants were studied: a pair of identical twins discordant for moderate ME/CFS, as well as two age- and gender- matched unrelated subjects-one with an extremely severe form of ME/CFS and the other healthy. TEM analysis of CD3/CD28-stimulated T cells suggested a significant increase in the levels of apoptotic and necrotic cell death in T cells from ME/CFS patients (over 2-fold). Stimulated Tcells of ME/CFS patients also had higher numbers of swollen mitochondria. We also found a large increase in intracellular giant lipid droplet-like organelles in the stimulated PBMCs from the extremely severe ME/CFS patient potentially indicative of a lipid storage disorder. Lastly, we observed a slight increase in platelet aggregation in stimulated cells, suggestive of a possible role of platelet activity in ME/CFS pathophysiology and disease severity. These results indicate extensive morphological alterations in the cellular and mitochondrial phenotypes of ME/CFS patients' immune cells and suggest new insights into ME/CFS biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Jahanbani
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Rajan D. Maynard
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Justin Cyril Sing
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shaghayegh Jahanbani
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, and VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - John J. Perrino
- Stanford Cell Sciences Imaging Facility (CSIF), Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Damek V. Spacek
- Karius Incorporated, Redwood City, California, United States of America
| | - Ronald W. Davis
- ME/CFS Collaborative Research Center at Stanford, Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Michael P. Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
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Fan BE, Leong JQW, Leung BPL, Ng WY, Lim WSL, Wong WYK, Lim WY, Chen SPC, Yap SYR, Tan GB, Chow M, Mucheli SS, Kuperan P, Gallardo CA. Neutrophil-Erythrocyte Rosettes in COVID-19. Am J Hematol 2022; 98:220-221. [PMID: 35726451 PMCID: PMC9350150 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingwen Eugene Fan
- Department of HaematologyTan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore,Department of Laboratory MedicineKhoo Teck Puat HospitalSingapore,Lee Kong Chian School of MedicineNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore,Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | | | - Bernard Pui Lam Leung
- Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore,Health and Social SciencesSingapore Institute of TechnologySingapore,Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and ImmunologyTan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore
| | - Weng Yik Ng
- Health Sciences Authority, Blood Support GroupRed Cell Reference LaboratorySingapore
| | | | | | - Wei Yin Lim
- Department of Laboratory MedicineTan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore
| | | | | | - Guat Bee Tan
- Department of Laboratory MedicineTan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore
| | - Minyang Chow
- Lee Kong Chian School of MedicineNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore,Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore,Department of General MedicineTan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore
| | - Sharavan Sadasiv Mucheli
- Lee Kong Chian School of MedicineNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore,Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore,Department of Infectious DiseasesTan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore,National Centre for Infectious DiseasesSingapore
| | - Ponnudurai Kuperan
- Department of HaematologyTan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore,Department of Laboratory MedicineKhoo Teck Puat HospitalSingapore,Lee Kong Chian School of MedicineNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore,Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
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Temming AR, Tammes Buirs M, Bentlage AEH, Treffers LW, Feringa H, de Taeye SW, Kuijpers TW, Nagelkerke SQ, Brasser G, Mok JY, van Esch WJE, van den Berg TK, Rispens T, van der Schoot CE, Vidarsson G. C-Reactive Protein Enhances IgG-Mediated Cellular Destruction Through IgG-Fc Receptors in vitro. Front Immunol 2021; 12:594773. [PMID: 33790888 PMCID: PMC8006934 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.594773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody-mediated blood disorders ensue after auto- or alloimmunization against blood cell antigens, resulting in cytopenia. Although the mechanisms of cell destruction are the same as in immunotherapies targeting tumor cells, many factors are still unknown. Antibody titers, for example, often do not strictly correlate with clinical outcome. Previously, we found C-reactive protein (CRP) levels to be elevated in thrombocytopenic patients, correlating with thrombocyte counts, and bleeding severity. Functionally, CRP amplified antibody-mediated phagocytosis of thrombocytes by phagocytes. To investigate whether CRP is a general enhancer of IgG-mediated target cell destruction, we extensively studied the effect of CRP on in vitro IgG-Fc receptor (FcγR)-mediated cell destruction: through respiratory burst, phagocytosis, and cellular cytotoxicity by a variety of effector cells. We now demonstrate that CRP also enhances IgG-mediated effector functions toward opsonized erythrocytes, in particular by activated neutrophils. We performed a first-of-a-kind profiling of CRP binding to all human FcγRs and IgA-Fc receptor I (FcαRI) using a surface plasmon resonance array. CRP bound these receptors with relative affinities of FcγRIa = FcγRIIa/b = FcγRIIIa > FcγRIIIb = FcαRI. Furthermore, FcγR blocking (in particular FcγRIa) abrogated CRP's ability to amplify IgG-mediated neutrophil effector functions toward opsonized erythrocytes. Finally, we observed that CRP also amplified killing of breast-cancer tumor cell line SKBR3 by neutrophils through anti-Her2 (trastuzumab). Altogether, we provide for the first time evidence for the involvement of specific CRP-FcγR interactions in the exacerbation of in vitro IgG-mediated cellular destruction; a trait that should be further evaluated as potential therapeutic target e.g., for tumor eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Robin Temming
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Matthias Tammes Buirs
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arthur E. H. Bentlage
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Louise W. Treffers
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Blood Cell Research, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hannah Feringa
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Blood Cell Research, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Steven W. de Taeye
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Immunopathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Taco W. Kuijpers
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Blood Cell Research, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sietse Q. Nagelkerke
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Blood Cell Research, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Giso Brasser
- Sanquin Reagents, Sanquin, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Juk Yee Mok
- Sanquin Reagents, Sanquin, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Timo K. van den Berg
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Blood Cell Research, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Theo Rispens
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Immunopathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - C. Ellen van der Schoot
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gestur Vidarsson
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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