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Dar MA, Arafah A, Bhat KA, Khan A, Khan MS, Ali A, Ahmad SM, Rashid SM, Rehman MU. Multiomics technologies: role in disease biomarker discoveries and therapeutics. Brief Funct Genomics 2022; 22:76-96. [PMID: 35809340 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elac017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Medical research has been revolutionized after the publication of the full human genome. This was the major landmark that paved the way for understanding the biological functions of different macro and micro molecules. With the advent of different high-throughput technologies, biomedical research was further revolutionized. These technologies constitute genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, etc. Collectively, these high-throughputs are referred to as multi-omics technologies. In the biomedical field, these omics technologies act as efficient and effective tools for disease diagnosis, management, monitoring, treatment and discovery of certain novel disease biomarkers. Genotyping arrays and other transcriptomic studies have helped us to elucidate the gene expression patterns in different biological states, i.e. healthy and diseased states. Further omics technologies such as proteomics and metabolomics have an important role in predicting the role of different biological molecules in an organism. It is because of these high throughput omics technologies that we have been able to fully understand the role of different genes, proteins, metabolites and biological pathways in a diseased condition. To understand a complex biological process, it is important to apply an integrative approach that analyses the multi-omics data in order to highlight the possible interrelationships of the involved biomolecules and their functions. Furthermore, these omics technologies offer an important opportunity to understand the information that underlies disease. In the current review, we will discuss the importance of omics technologies as promising tools to understand the role of different biomolecules in diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and diabetes. SUMMARY POINTS
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Varadarajan S, Balaji TM, Raj AT, Gupta AA, Patil S, Alhazmi TH, Alaqi HAA, Al Omar NEM, Almutaher SABA, Jafer AA, Hedad IA. Genetic Mutations Associated with Pierre Robin Syndrome/Sequence: A Systematic Review. Mol Syndromol 2021; 12:69-86. [PMID: 34012376 DOI: 10.1159/000513217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pierre Robin syndrome/sequence (PRS) is associated with a triad of symptoms that includes micrognathia, cleft palate, and glossoptosis that may lead to respiratory obstruction. The syndrome occurs in 2 forms: nonsyndromic PRS (nsPRS), and PRS associated with other syndromes (sPRS). Studies have shown varying genetic mutations associated with both nsPRS and sPRS. The present systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive collection of published literature reporting genetic mutations in PRS. Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus were searched using the keywords: "Pierre Robin syndrome/sequence AND gene mutation." The search resulted in 208 articles, of which 93 were excluded as they were duplicates/irrelevant. The full-text assessment led to the further exclusion of 76 articles. From the remaining 39 articles included in the review, details of 324 cases were extracted. 56% of the cases were sPRS, and 22% of the cases were associated with other malformations and the remaining were nsPRS. Genetic mutations were noted in 30.9% of the 300 cases. Based on the review, SOX9 was found to be the most common gene associated with both nsPRS and sPRS. The gene mutation in sPRS was specific to the associated syndrome. Due to the lack of original studies, a quantitative analysis was not possible. Thus, future studies must focus on conducting large-scale cohort studies. Along with generating data on genetic mutation, future studies must also conduct pedigree analysis to assess potential familial inheritance, which in turn could provide valuable insights into the etiopathogenesis of PRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Varadarajan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | | | - A Thirumal Raj
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Archana A Gupta
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Hassan Alhazmi
- Community Dental Unit, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Neda Essa M Al Omar
- Community Dental Unit, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Ismaeel Abker Hedad
- Community Dental Unit, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Quezada H, Guzmán-Ortiz AL, Díaz-Sánchez H, Valle-Rios R, Aguirre-Hernández J. Omics-based biomarkers: current status and potential use in the clinic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmhime.2017.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Omics-based biomarkers: current status and potential use in the clinic. BOLETIN MEDICO DEL HOSPITAL INFANTIL DE MEXICO 2017; 74:219-226. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmhimx.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Favaro F, Alvizi L, Zechi-Ceide R, Bertola D, Felix T, de Souza J, Raskin S, Twigg S, Weiner A, Armas P, Margarit E, Calcaterra N, Andersen G, McGowan S, Wilkie A, Richieri-Costa A, de Almeida M, Passos-Bueno M. A noncoding expansion in EIF4A3 causes Richieri-Costa-Pereira syndrome, a craniofacial disorder associated with limb defects. Am J Hum Genet 2014; 94:120-8. [PMID: 24360810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Richieri-Costa-Pereira syndrome is an autosomal-recessive acrofacial dysostosis characterized by mandibular median cleft associated with other craniofacial anomalies and severe limb defects. Learning and language disabilities are also prevalent. We mapped the mutated gene to a 122 kb region at 17q25.3 through identity-by-descent analysis in 17 genealogies. Sequencing strategies identified an expansion of a region with several repeats of 18- or 20-nucleotide motifs in the 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) of EIF4A3, which contained from 14 to 16 repeats in the affected individuals and from 3 to 12 repeats in 520 healthy individuals. A missense substitution of a highly conserved residue likely to affect the interaction of eIF4AIII with the UPF3B subunit of the exon junction complex in trans with an expanded allele was found in an unrelated individual with an atypical presentation, thus expanding mutational mechanisms and phenotypic diversity of RCPS. EIF4A3 transcript abundance was reduced in both white blood cells and mesenchymal cells of RCPS-affected individuals as compared to controls. Notably, targeting the orthologous eif4a3 in zebrafish led to underdevelopment of several craniofacial cartilage and bone structures, in agreement with the craniofacial alterations seen in RCPS. Our data thus suggest that RCPS is caused by mutations in EIF4A3 and show that EIF4A3, a gene involved in RNA metabolism, plays a role in mandible, laryngeal, and limb morphogenesis.
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Raskin S, Souza M, Medeiros MC, Manfron M, Chong E Silva DC. Richieri-costa and Pereira syndrome: severe phenotype. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:1999-2003. [PMID: 23794199 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Richieri-Costa and Pereira syndrome, described in 1992, comprises short stature, Robin sequence, cleft mandible, limb malformations, and short larynx, deformed or lack of epiglottis, and abnormal aryepiglottic folds. There are 32 reported cases, only one described outside Brazil. We describe a 4-month-old boy with the most severe phenotype yet reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salmo Raskin
- Clinical Geneticist, Hospital Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil.
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Severini JMBG, da Silva Dalben G, Richieri-Costa A, Ozawa TO. Dental anomalies in Richieri-Costa-Pereira syndrome. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2012; 114:99-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2012.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Revised: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Souza J, dal Vesco K, Tonocchi R, Closs-Ono MC, Passos-Bueno MR, da Silva-Freitas R. The Richieri-Costa and Pereira syndrome: report of two Brazilian siblings and review of literature. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:1173-7. [PMID: 21485002 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 12/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Richieri-Costa and Pereira syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized specially by Pierre Robin sequence with cleft mandible and limb anomalies. There are a typical laryngeal anomaly which encompass short and round larynx, absent or abnormal epiglottis, and abnormal aryepiglottic folds. Most patients reported were from Brazil. We describe a brother and sister with Richieri-Costa and Pereira syndrome on another Brazilian family documenting their physical findings and laryngeal defects. We also review the literature and discuss the main clinical characteristics and etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Souza
- Assistance Center for Cleft Lip and Palate, CAIF, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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Favaro FP, Zechi-Ceide RM, Alvarez CW, Maximino LP, Antunes LFBB, Richieri-Costa A, Guion-Almeida ML. Richieri-Costa-Pereira syndrome: A unique acrofacial dysostosis type. An overview of the Brazilian cases. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 155A:322-31. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Accepted: 09/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Graziadio C, Rosa RF, Zen PR, Flores JA, Paskulin GA. Richieri-Costa and Pereira form of acrofacial dysostosis: First description of an adult with mesomelic shortness of the lower limbs. Am J Med Genet A 2009; 149A:2886-8. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Golbert MB, Dewes LO, Philipsen VR, Wachholz RS, Deutschendorf C, Leite JCL. New clinical findings in the Richieri-Costa/Pereira type of acrofacial dysostosis. Clin Dysmorphol 2007; 16:85-88. [PMID: 17351350 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0b013e3280464ff6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The Richieri-Costa/Pereira form of acrofacial dysostosis is an autosomal-recessive condition characterized by short stature, Pierre-Robin sequence, preaxial and postaxial abnormalities in hands, congenital talipes, cleft mandible and malformations of the larynx. We report female infant presenting with severe micrognathia, a hypoplasic clavicle, median mandible cleft, bilateral hand abnormalities and talipes, laryngeal malformations, hip subluxation with acetabular dysplasia and mesomelic shortening of limbs. A few reported patients have clavicular hyploplasia but hip subluxation with acetabular dysplasia and mesomelic shortening of limbs have not been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo B Golbert
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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