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Rich M, Schroeder B, Manning C, Abbott MA. Prenatal diagnosis of Hartsfield syndrome with a novel genetic variant. Prenat Diagn 2023; 43:1671-1673. [PMID: 38013637 DOI: 10.1002/pd.6472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
A G2P0, 24-year-old woman presented at 17 weeks 3 days gestation for a fetal anatomy scan. Ultrasound identified bilateral upper and lower extremity ectrodactyly, semilobar holoprosencephaly, midface hypoplasia, and cleft lip and palate. Amniocentesis for a chromosome microarray demonstrated no significant copy number changes. Whole exome sequencing was subsequently completed, which revealed a de novo, likely pathogenic variant in FGFR1, c.2044G>A (D682N), consistent with FGFR1-related Hartsfield syndrome. This case highlights the first presumed molecularly confirmed prenatal diagnosis of Hartsfield syndrome and identifies a new pathogenic variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Rich
- Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA
- UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bradley Schroeder
- Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA
- UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Courtney Manning
- Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA
- UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mary-Alice Abbott
- Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA
- UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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2
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Reis PMP, Faber J, Rosa JSO, Bueno M, Barriviera M, Lia ÉN. Solitary Median Maxillary Central Incisor in Hartsfield Syndrome: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023; 16:147-152. [PMID: 37020764 PMCID: PMC10067985 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hartsfield syndrome is a rare and unique clinical combination of ectrodactyly and holoprosencephaly (HPE) with or without cleft lip and palate, as well as various additional characteristics. Although several genes responsible for HPE and ectrodactyly have been identified, the genetic origin of Hartsfield syndrome remains unknown, as there are few reports in the literature. The objective of this case report is to present dentofacial abnormalities in an 11-year-old boy with Hartsfield syndrome, who presented mental retardation, hearing loss, bilateral hand and foot ectrodactyly, HPE, and solitary median maxillary central incisor (SMMCI) besides 12 dental ageneses. How to cite this article P Reis PM, Faber J, O Rosa JS, et al. Solitary Median Maxillary Central Incisor in Hartsfield Syndrome: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(1):147-152.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia MP Reis
- School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Jorge Faber
- School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Jéssica SO Rosa
- School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Mike Bueno
- Department of Imaging and Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic (SLMANDIC), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | | | - Érica N Lia
- School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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Oliver JD, Menapace DC, Cofer SA. Otorhinolaryngologic manifestations of Hartsfield syndrome: Case series and review of literature. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 98:4-8. [PMID: 28583501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosis of Hartsfield syndrome includes recognition of three distinct clinical anomalies: holoprosencephaly, ectrodactyly, and bilateral cleft-lip and palate syndrome. A family including three male siblings all affected by Hartsfield syndrome presented to our institution for care. An autosomal dominant variant in Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 (FGFR1) was identified. This report focuses on otorhinolaryngologic manifestationsof Hartsfield syndrome, previously undescribed, including midline defects of holoprosencephaly, bilateral cleft-lip and palate, retrognathia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, external ear anomalies, eustachian tube dysfunction, and midface abnormalities, in addition to multidisciplinary, long-term management strategies. Multidisciplinary management is imperative in the care of these children with modification of approach based on their medical complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shelagh A Cofer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Takagi M, Miyoshi T, Nagashima Y, Shibata N, Yagi H, Fukuzawa R, Hasegawa T. Novel heterozygous mutation in the extracellular domain of FGFR1 associated with Hartsfield syndrome. Hum Genome Var 2016; 3:16034. [PMID: 27790375 PMCID: PMC5061861 DOI: 10.1038/hgv.2016.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous kinase domain mutations or homozygous extracellular domain mutations in FGFR1 have been reported to cause Hartsfield syndrome (HS), which is characterized by the triad of holoprosencephaly, ectrodactyly and cleft lip/palate. To date, more than 200 mutations in FGFR1 have been described; however, only 10 HS-associated mutations have been reported thus far. We describe a case of typical HS with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) harboring a novel heterozygous mutation, p.His253Pro, in the extracellular domain of FGFR1. This is the first report of an HS-associated heterozygous mutation located in the extracellular domain of FGFR1, thus expanding our understanding of the phenotypic features and further developmental course associated with FGFR1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Takagi
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Miyoshi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults , Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yuka Nagashima
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nao Shibata
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Yagi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuji Fukuzawa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo, Japan
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Prabhu D, Goldstein AC, El-Khoury R, Rak M, Edmunds L, Rustin P, Vockley J, Schiff M. ANT2-defective fibroblasts exhibit normal mitochondrial bioenergetics. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2015; 3:43-46. [PMID: 26000237 PMCID: PMC4435574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenine nucleotide translocase 2 (ANT2) transports glycolytic ATP across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Patients with ANT2 deletion were recently reported. We aimed at characterizing mitochondrial functions in ANT2-defective fibroblasts. In spite of ANT2 expression in fibroblasts, we observed no difference between ANT2-defective and control fibroblasts for mitochondrial respiration, respiratory chain activities, mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular ATP levels. This indicates that ANT2 insufficiency does not alter fibroblasts basal mitochondrial bioenergetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolly Prabhu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amy C Goldstein
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA ; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Riyad El-Khoury
- Inserm U1141, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ; American University of Beirut Medical Center, Department of pathology and laboratory medicine, Cairo street, Hamra, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Malgorzata Rak
- Inserm U1141, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Lia Edmunds
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pierre Rustin
- Inserm U1141, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jerry Vockley
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA ; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA ; Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Manuel Schiff
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA ; Inserm U1141, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ; Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Robert Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
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Dhamija R, Kirmani S, Wang X, Ferber MJ, Wieben ED, Lazaridis KN, Babovic-Vuksanovic D. Novel de novo heterozygous FGFR1 mutation in two siblings with Hartsfield syndrome: a case of gonadal mosaicism. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:2356-9. [PMID: 24888332 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hartsfield syndrome has been recently reported to be associated with mutations in FGFR1 however, to this date; no familial cases have been reported. In this report, we describe two siblings with Hartsfield syndrome and a novel de novo FGFR1 mutation suggesting gonadal mosaicism. The proband presented at our institution at age 6 years with a clinical diagnosis of Hartsfield syndrome and requesting further genetic evaluation. Previous studies included a normal karyotype, oligonucleotide array, and single gene testing for nonsyndromic holoprosencephaly (SHH, SIX3, ZIC2, TGIF). At the age of 6 years, exome sequencing was performed and a de novo novel missense variant was identified in FGFR1 (coding for fibroblast growth factor-1) on chromosome 8p12: c.1880G>C (p.R627T). Subsequently, a younger sibling was born with the same phenotype (holoprosencephaly, ectrodactyly of bilateral hands and feet and bilateral cleft lip and palate). Targeted sequencing of FGFR1 revealed the identical variant that was previously identified in the proband. To our knowledge this observation is the first documentation of familial recurrence of Hartsfield syndrome. As both parents were negative for the sequence variant in FGFR1 gene by testing peripheral blood samples, this suggests gonadal mosaicism. The frequency of gonadal mosaicism in Hartsfield syndrome is not known however given our case, this possibility should be taken in to consideration for recurrence risk estimation in children of clinically unaffected parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Dhamija
- Department of Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Khandelwal KD, van Bokhoven H, Roscioli T, Carels CE, Zhou H. Genomic approaches for studying craniofacial disorders. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2013; 163C:218-31. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Simonis N, Migeotte I, Lambert N, Perazzolo C, de Silva DC, Dimitrov B, Heinrichs C, Janssens S, Kerr B, Mortier G, Van Vliet G, Lepage P, Casimir G, Abramowicz M, Smits G, Vilain C. FGFR1 mutations cause Hartsfield syndrome, the unique association of holoprosencephaly and ectrodactyly. J Med Genet 2013; 50:585-92. [PMID: 23812909 PMCID: PMC3756455 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2013-101603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Harstfield syndrome is the rare and unique association of holoprosencephaly (HPE) and ectrodactyly, with or without cleft lip and palate, and variable additional features. All the reported cases occurred sporadically. Although several causal genes of HPE and ectrodactyly have been identified, the genetic cause of Hartsfield syndrome remains unknown. We hypothesised that a single key developmental gene may underlie the co-occurrence of HPE and ectrodactyly. Methods We used whole exome sequencing in four isolated cases including one case-parents trio, and direct Sanger sequencing of three additional cases, to investigate the causative variants in Hartsfield syndrome. Results We identified a novel FGFR1 mutation in six out of seven patients. Affected residues are highly conserved and are located in the extracellular binding domain of the receptor (two homozygous mutations) or the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain (four heterozygous de novo variants). Strikingly, among the six novel mutations, three are located in close proximity to the ATP's phosphates or the coordinating magnesium, with one position required for kinase activity, and three are adjacent to known mutations involved in Kallmann syndrome plus other developmental anomalies. Conclusions Dominant or recessive FGFR1 mutations are responsible for Hartsfield syndrome, consistent with the known roles of FGFR1 in vertebrate ontogeny and conditional Fgfr1-deficient mice. Our study shows that, in humans, lack of accurate FGFR1 activation can disrupt both brain and hand/foot midline development, and that FGFR1 loss-of-function mutations are responsible for a wider spectrum of clinical anomalies than previously thought, ranging in severity from seemingly isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, through Kallmann syndrome with or without additional features, to Hartsfield syndrome at its most severe end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Simonis
- Laboratoire de Bioinformatique des Génomes et des Réseaux (BiGRe), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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Vandewalle J, Bauters M, Van Esch H, Belet S, Verbeeck J, Fieremans N, Holvoet M, Vento J, Spreiz A, Kotzot D, Haberlandt E, Rosenfeld J, Andrieux J, Delobel B, Dehouck MB, Devriendt K, Fryns JP, Marynen P, Goldstein A, Froyen G. The mitochondrial solute carrier SLC25A5 at Xq24 is a novel candidate gene for non-syndromic intellectual disability. Hum Genet 2013; 132:1177-85. [PMID: 23783460 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-013-1322-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in several different neuronal pathways have been related to intellectual disability (ID). Such mutations often are found on the X chromosome in males since they result in functional null alleles. So far, microdeletions at Xq24 reported in males always have been associated with a syndromic form of ID due to the loss of UBE2A. Here, we report on overlapping microdeletions at Xq24 that do not include UBE2A or affect its expression, in patients with non-syndromic ID plus some additional features from three unrelated families. The smallest region of overlap, confirmed by junction sequencing, harbors two members of the mitochondrial solute carrier family 25, SLC25A5 and SLC25A43. However, identification of an intragenic microdeletion including SLC25A43 but not SLC25A5 in a healthy boy excluded a role for SLC25A43 in cognition. Therefore, our findings point to SLC25A5 as a novel gene for non-syndromic ID. This highly conserved gene is expressed ubiquitously with high levels in cortex and hippocampus, and a presumed role in mitochondrial exchange of ADP/ATP. Our data indicate that SLC25A5 is involved in memory formation or establishment, which could add mitochondrial processes to the wide array of pathways that regulate normal cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joke Vandewalle
- Human Genome Laboratory, VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Leuven, Belgium
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