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Liu F, Dai L, Li Z, Yin’s X. Novel variants of NEK9 associated with neonatal arthrogryposis: Two case reports and a literature review. Front Genet 2023; 13:989215. [PMID: 36712877 PMCID: PMC9879004 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.989215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Pathogenic variants in NEK9 (MIM: 609798) have been identified in patients with lethal congenital contracture syndrome 10 (OMIM: 617022) and arthrogryposis, Perthes disease, and upward gaze palsy (APUG and OMIM: 614262). The shared core phenotype is multiple joint contractures or arthrogryposis. In the present study, three novel variants of NEK9 associated with neonatal arthrogryposis were reported. Methods: The clinical data of two premature infants and their parents were collected. The genomic DNA was extracted from their peripheral blood samples and subjected to trio-whole-exome sequencing (trio-WES) and copy number variation analysis. Results: Using trio-WES, a total of three novel pathogenic variants of NEK9 were detected in the two families. Patient 1 carried compound heterozygous variations of c.717C > A (p. C239*741) and c.2824delA (p.M942Cfs*21), which were inherited from his father and mother, respectively. Patient 2 also carried compound heterozygous variations of c.61G > T (p. E21*959) and c. 2824delA (p. M942Cfs*21), which were inherited from his father and mother, respectively. These variants have not been previously reported in the ClinVar, HGMD, or gnomAD databases. Conclusion: This is the first report about NEK9-related arthrogryposis in neonatal patients. The findings from this study suggest that different types of mutations in NEK9 lead to different phenotypes. Our study expanded the clinical phenotype spectrum and gene spectrum of NEK9-associated arthrogryposis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, NICU, the 980th Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China,*Correspondence: Fang Liu,
| | - Liying Dai
- Department of Neonatology, Anhui Children’s Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Pediatrics, NICU, the 980th Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaowei Yin’s
- Department of Pediatrics, NICU, the 980th Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
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Modiri O, Malick MSS, Scollan ME, Duron V, Morel K, Middlesworth W, Garzon MC. Hybrid lung lesions in children with segmental infantile hemangiomas, a new association? Pediatr Dermatol 2023; 40:144-147. [PMID: 36059216 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common tumors of infancy and, in rare instances, can present in the setting of congenital structural anomalies or as part of syndromic disorders. In this study, we present three cases of children with segmental IHs born with concurrent pulmonary anomalies: congenital pulmonary airway malformations and bronchopulmonary sequestration. To date, no known association between these entities and hemangiomas has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omeed Modiri
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Margaret E Scollan
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vincent Duron
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kimberly Morel
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - William Middlesworth
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maria C Garzon
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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Nelson ND, Xu F, Chandrasekaran P, Litzky LA, Peranteau WH, Frank DB, Li M, Pogoriler J. Defining the spatial landscape of KRAS mutated congenital pulmonary airway malformations: a distinct entity with a spectrum of histopathologic features. Mod Pathol 2022; 35:1870-1881. [PMID: 35794233 PMCID: PMC10462420 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-022-01129-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The potential pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the varied morphology of congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAMs) have not been molecularly determined, but a subset have been shown to contain clusters of mucinous cells (MCC). These clusters are believed to serve as precursors for potential invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma, and they are associated with KRAS codon 12 mutations. To assess the universality of KRAS mutations in MCCs, we sequenced exon 2 of KRAS in 61 MCCs from 18 patients, and we found a KRAS codon 12 mutation in all 61 MCCs. Furthermore, all MCCs from a single patient always had the same KRAS mutation, and the same KRAS mutation was also found in non-mucinous lesional tissue. Next generation sequencing of seven MCCs showed no other mutations or copy number variations. Sequencing of 46 additional CPAMs with MCCs revealed KRAS mutations in non-mucinous lesional tissue in all cases. RNA in situ hybridization confirmed widespread distribution of cells with mutant KRAS RNA, even extending outside of the bronchiolar type epithelium. We identified 25 additional CPAMs with overall histologic architecture similar to CPAMs with KRAS mutations but without identifiable MCCs, and we found KRAS mutations in 17 (68%). The histologic features of these KRAS mutated CPAMs included type 1 and type 3 morphology, as well as lesions with an intermediate histologic appearance, and analysis revealed a strong correlation between the specific amino acid substitution and histomorphology. These findings, together with previously published model organism data, suggests that the formation of type 1 and 3 CPAMs is driven by mosaic KRAS mutations arising in the lung epithelium early in development and places them within the growing field of mosaic RASopathies. The presence of widespread epithelial mutation explains late metastatic disease in incompletely resected patients and reinforces the recommendation for complete resection of these lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nya D Nelson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Prashant Chandrasekaran
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Leslie A Litzky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - William H Peranteau
- Department of Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David B Frank
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marilyn Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer Pogoriler
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Abstract
This article reviews the clinical findings of epidermal nevi and their associated syndromes and provides an update on their pathogenic genetic changes as well as targeted therapies detailed to date.
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Carmignac V, Salomon G, Severino-Freire M, Duffourd Y, Chevarin M, Vabres P, Mazereeuw-Hautier J. Mosaic NEK9 mutation, fibrous dysplasia and premature puberty in naevus comedonicus syndrome. Br J Dermatol 2021; 185:1247-1249. [PMID: 34184242 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Carmignac
- Centre de référence MAGEC-Mosaïque, Dermatologie - CHU Dijon, Dijon, France.,Equipe GAD - UF 6254 CHU Dijon - INSERM UMR1231, Dijon, France
| | - G Salomon
- Dermatologie, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de la Peau, Toulouse, France
| | - M Severino-Freire
- Dermatologie, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de la Peau, Toulouse, France
| | - Y Duffourd
- Equipe GAD - UF 6254 CHU Dijon - INSERM UMR1231, Dijon, France
| | - M Chevarin
- Equipe GAD - UF 6254 CHU Dijon - INSERM UMR1231, Dijon, France
| | - P Vabres
- Centre de référence MAGEC-Mosaïque, Dermatologie - CHU Dijon, Dijon, France.,Equipe GAD - UF 6254 CHU Dijon - INSERM UMR1231, Dijon, France
| | - J Mazereeuw-Hautier
- Dermatologie, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de la Peau, Toulouse, France
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Juratli HA, Jägle S, Theiler M, Didona D, Happle R, Knöpfel N, Weibel L, Fischer J. Three novel pathogenic NEK9 variants in patients with nevus comedonicus: A case series. J Am Acad Dermatol 2021; 86:958-960. [PMID: 33819539 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hazem A Juratli
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipp University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Jägle
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Theiler
- Pediatric Skin Center, Department of Dermatology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dario Didona
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipp University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Happle
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Knöpfel
- Pediatric Skin Center, Department of Dermatology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Weibel
- Pediatric Skin Center, Department of Dermatology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Judith Fischer
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Abstract
Nevus comedonicus (NC) syndrome is a condition first identified in 1978. The cause of NC syndrome has been recently proven to be a gain-of-function, mosaic postzygotic mutation of the NEK9 gene. A systematic review of the literature retrieved 43 well-established cases of NC syndrome reported so far. Three morphological variants of NC in NC syndrome emerged: (a) the more common, predominantly comedonal type; (b) "Selhorst type"; and (c) "atrophoderma vermiculatum" type. NC syndrome is mainly associated with ocular, skeletal, and neural abnormalities, most typically ipsilateral congenital cataract and malformations of fingers and toes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Torchia
- Department of Dermatology, James Paget University Hospital, Great Yarmouth, UK
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